1 00:00:01,880 --> 00:00:06,880 {\an8}-[waves crashing] 2 00:00:01,880 --> 00:00:06,880 {\an8}-[deliberative music plays] 3 00:00:14,320 --> 00:00:15,760 {\an7}[Male Speaker] There is no 4 00:00:14,320 --> 00:00:15,760 {\an7}close substitute for water. 5 00:00:15,800 --> 00:00:17,680 {\an1}[Female Speaker] It's the 6 00:00:15,800 --> 00:00:17,680 {\an1}most precious resource we have. 7 00:00:17,720 --> 00:00:19,880 {\an1}[Female Speaker] We are 8 00:00:17,720 --> 00:00:19,880 {\an1}not treating it as a crisis 9 00:00:19,920 --> 00:00:23,080 when we should be 10 00:00:19,920 --> 00:00:23,080 treating it as a crisis. 11 00:00:23,120 --> 00:00:24,920 {\an8}Imagine if tomorrow, 12 00:00:23,120 --> 00:00:24,920 {\an8}we cured cancer, 13 00:00:24,960 --> 00:00:26,480 {\an8}and in a hundred years, 14 00:00:26,520 --> 00:00:29,480 {\an7}there were still a million 15 00:00:26,520 --> 00:00:29,480 {\an7}kids dying of cancer. 16 00:00:29,520 --> 00:00:30,880 It would be unthinkable, 17 00:00:30,920 --> 00:00:33,400 {\an1}but that's the situation we 18 00:00:30,920 --> 00:00:33,400 {\an1}find ourselves in with water. 19 00:00:33,440 --> 00:00:36,800 {\an8}[intense music plays] 20 00:00:36,840 --> 00:00:38,600 {\an7}The government has failed 21 00:00:38,640 --> 00:00:41,520 {\an8}in telling the 22 00:00:38,640 --> 00:00:41,520 {\an8}population the truth 23 00:00:41,560 --> 00:00:44,160 {\an8}about the situation 24 00:00:41,560 --> 00:00:44,160 {\an8}that we are facing. 25 00:00:44,200 --> 00:00:45,480 [intense music plays] 26 00:00:45,520 --> 00:00:47,480 [Narrator] About 27 00:00:45,520 --> 00:00:47,480 7.7 billion people 28 00:00:47,520 --> 00:00:49,360 {\an1}have inherited the Earth. 29 00:00:49,400 --> 00:00:51,960 {\an1}Almost two billion of us 30 00:00:49,400 --> 00:00:51,960 {\an1}are struggling to survive 31 00:00:52,000 --> 00:00:53,560 {\an1}without clean drinking water. 32 00:00:56,680 --> 00:00:58,640 The water crisis 33 00:00:56,680 --> 00:00:58,640 isn't imminent. 34 00:00:58,680 --> 00:01:00,080 It isn't looming. 35 00:01:00,400 --> 00:01:03,520 [intense music plays] 36 00:01:03,560 --> 00:01:06,080 It's here... now. 37 00:01:06,120 --> 00:01:08,840 {\an7}The UN estimated that by 2025, 38 00:01:08,880 --> 00:01:13,000 {\an7}1.8 billion people will be 39 00:01:08,880 --> 00:01:13,000 {\an7}living in water stress regions. 40 00:01:14,600 --> 00:01:17,400 {\an7}People are not gonna be 41 00:01:14,600 --> 00:01:17,400 {\an7}starving and dying instantly. 42 00:01:17,440 --> 00:01:18,760 {\an8}They're gonna be moving. 43 00:01:18,800 --> 00:01:20,920 {\an7}They won't have the resources 44 00:01:18,800 --> 00:01:20,920 {\an7}to live where they're at. 45 00:01:20,960 --> 00:01:24,120 -[water trickling] 46 00:01:20,960 --> 00:01:24,120 -[deliberative music plays] 47 00:01:24,160 --> 00:01:26,200 [Narrator] Contrary 48 00:01:24,160 --> 00:01:26,200 to popular thought, 49 00:01:26,240 --> 00:01:28,840 {\an1}this crisis isn't just a 50 00:01:26,240 --> 00:01:28,840 {\an1}developing world problem. 51 00:01:29,640 --> 00:01:33,000 {\an1}It is already beginning to 52 00:01:29,640 --> 00:01:33,000 {\an1}impact everyone everywhere. 53 00:01:34,320 --> 00:01:36,480 Our changing climate 54 00:01:34,320 --> 00:01:36,480 is less forgiving, 55 00:01:36,520 --> 00:01:38,400 {\an1}keeping more water for itself. 56 00:01:40,400 --> 00:01:42,840 Pollution is corrupting 57 00:01:40,400 --> 00:01:42,840 our supplies. 58 00:01:44,680 --> 00:01:46,560 Infrastructures 59 00:01:44,680 --> 00:01:46,560 are failing faster 60 00:01:46,600 --> 00:01:47,920 {\an1}than they can be repaired. 61 00:01:51,200 --> 00:01:53,480 And everyday, there are 62 00:01:51,200 --> 00:01:53,480 more people in the world 63 00:01:53,520 --> 00:01:55,320 all thirsting for water. 64 00:01:58,200 --> 00:01:59,440 More often than not, 65 00:01:59,480 --> 00:02:01,240 {\an8}a water crisis isn't 66 00:01:59,480 --> 00:02:01,240 {\an8}an act of nature. 67 00:02:01,280 --> 00:02:03,800 {\an7}It's an act of humankind. 68 00:02:03,840 --> 00:02:04,960 By not planning, 69 00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:06,960 by not using the 70 00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:06,960 right technologies, 71 00:02:07,000 --> 00:02:08,880 {\an1}and by not acting soon enough, 72 00:02:08,920 --> 00:02:11,080 {\an1}we set ourselves up to fail. 73 00:02:13,040 --> 00:02:15,280 [Narrator] It's a 74 00:02:13,040 --> 00:02:15,280 truly daunting crisis, 75 00:02:15,320 --> 00:02:18,200 {\an1}but what if the solutions 76 00:02:15,320 --> 00:02:18,200 {\an1}were already at hand? 77 00:02:23,360 --> 00:02:25,440 {\an1}Right now all around the globe, 78 00:02:25,480 --> 00:02:27,680 an army of visionaries 79 00:02:25,480 --> 00:02:27,680 and innovators 80 00:02:27,720 --> 00:02:31,000 {\an1}is working to reimagine 81 00:02:27,720 --> 00:02:31,000 {\an1}and reinvent water systems 82 00:02:31,040 --> 00:02:33,560 to generate, supply, 83 00:02:31,040 --> 00:02:33,560 and clean the water 84 00:02:33,600 --> 00:02:35,960 we all depend on 85 00:02:33,600 --> 00:02:35,960 for our very lives. 86 00:02:38,240 --> 00:02:39,960 {\an8}The water challenges 87 00:02:38,240 --> 00:02:39,960 {\an8}facing the world 88 00:02:40,000 --> 00:02:42,040 {\an8}really fall into 89 00:02:40,000 --> 00:02:42,040 {\an8}three categories. 90 00:02:42,080 --> 00:02:44,320 {\an7}First is the scarcity of water. 91 00:02:44,360 --> 00:02:47,520 Second is building 92 00:02:44,360 --> 00:02:47,520 resilient infrastructure 93 00:02:47,560 --> 00:02:48,960 against climate change. 94 00:02:49,000 --> 00:02:50,920 {\an1}And third is doing all that 95 00:02:50,960 --> 00:02:53,040 in a way that's 96 00:02:50,960 --> 00:02:53,040 affordable for society. 97 00:02:53,080 --> 00:02:54,920 {\an8}The problem with 98 00:02:53,080 --> 00:02:54,920 {\an8}this crisis is 99 00:02:54,960 --> 00:02:57,960 {\an7}the water that's drinkable 100 00:02:54,960 --> 00:02:57,960 {\an7}is gonna start disappearing 101 00:02:58,000 --> 00:02:59,400 and the water 102 00:02:58,000 --> 00:02:59,400 that's not drinkable 103 00:02:59,440 --> 00:03:01,160 is gonna start 104 00:02:59,440 --> 00:03:01,160 appearing everywhere. 105 00:03:01,200 --> 00:03:02,560 There are solutions. 106 00:03:02,600 --> 00:03:03,800 {\an1}It's just a matter of bringing 107 00:03:02,600 --> 00:03:03,800 {\an1}them to bear on the problem 108 00:03:03,840 --> 00:03:05,080 {\an8}and we can fix it. 109 00:03:05,120 --> 00:03:06,280 {\an8}We are running 110 00:03:05,120 --> 00:03:06,280 {\an8}against the clock 111 00:03:06,320 --> 00:03:07,680 {\an8}in terms of solving 112 00:03:06,320 --> 00:03:07,680 {\an8}these issues. 113 00:03:07,720 --> 00:03:09,160 {\an7}In a sense, it breaks my heart 114 00:03:09,200 --> 00:03:10,480 {\an8}that we have the 115 00:03:09,200 --> 00:03:10,480 {\an8}solutions, right? 116 00:03:10,520 --> 00:03:12,520 {\an8}And then we can't get 117 00:03:10,520 --> 00:03:12,520 {\an8}them out fast enough. 118 00:03:12,560 --> 00:03:16,800 {\an7}The demand for water to 119 00:03:12,560 --> 00:03:16,800 {\an7}sustain not only the population 120 00:03:16,840 --> 00:03:19,440 {\an7}but the lifestyle that we have 121 00:03:19,480 --> 00:03:21,960 {\an7}has grown just tremendously, 122 00:03:22,000 --> 00:03:23,280 {\an8}but we're still 123 00:03:22,000 --> 00:03:23,280 {\an8}trying to do things 124 00:03:23,320 --> 00:03:25,720 {\an8}the way we've done 125 00:03:23,320 --> 00:03:25,720 {\an8}them in the past. 126 00:03:25,760 --> 00:03:27,800 [ragtime music plays] 127 00:03:27,840 --> 00:03:29,440 Back around the 128 00:03:27,840 --> 00:03:29,440 turn of the century, 129 00:03:29,480 --> 00:03:32,560 {\an7}really everybody was responsible 130 00:03:29,480 --> 00:03:32,560 {\an7}for their own sewage. 131 00:03:32,600 --> 00:03:33,880 They were responsible 132 00:03:32,600 --> 00:03:33,880 for their own water. 133 00:03:33,920 --> 00:03:35,520 {\an1}They drilled a well, dug a well, 134 00:03:35,560 --> 00:03:37,600 or they got water 135 00:03:35,560 --> 00:03:37,600 out of a creek. 136 00:03:37,640 --> 00:03:39,440 {\an1}And then they used a pit latrine 137 00:03:39,480 --> 00:03:41,520 or a sewage lagoon 138 00:03:39,480 --> 00:03:41,520 behind the house. 139 00:03:42,840 --> 00:03:44,480 {\an1}Of course, there were public 140 00:03:42,840 --> 00:03:44,480 {\an1}health issues with that. 141 00:03:44,520 --> 00:03:45,560 {\an1}People were getting sick, 142 00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:47,440 and so the governments 143 00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:47,440 around the world 144 00:03:47,480 --> 00:03:48,960 {\an1}kinda stepped in and said 145 00:03:49,000 --> 00:03:50,720 {\an1}that this is an intrinsic 146 00:03:49,000 --> 00:03:50,720 {\an1}government function. 147 00:03:50,760 --> 00:03:53,320 We need to provide 148 00:03:50,760 --> 00:03:53,320 for the safety 149 00:03:53,360 --> 00:03:55,000 {\an1}and welfare of the community, 150 00:03:55,040 --> 00:03:57,040 {\an1}and money's really no object. 151 00:03:57,080 --> 00:03:58,360 So they ended up 152 00:03:58,400 --> 00:04:00,600 with these incredibly 153 00:03:58,400 --> 00:04:00,600 expensive sewer systems 154 00:04:00,640 --> 00:04:01,960 where there's a pipe 155 00:04:00,640 --> 00:04:01,960 to everybody's house. 156 00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:03,440 There's a water pipe 157 00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:03,440 to everybody's house, 158 00:04:03,480 --> 00:04:06,000 there's a sewer pipe 159 00:04:03,480 --> 00:04:06,000 to everybody's house. 160 00:04:06,040 --> 00:04:08,680 Incredibly complex 161 00:04:06,040 --> 00:04:08,680 networks of systems 162 00:04:08,720 --> 00:04:11,240 that get old and all 163 00:04:08,720 --> 00:04:11,240 have to be replaced. 164 00:04:11,280 --> 00:04:13,120 And huge expense 165 00:04:11,280 --> 00:04:13,120 associated with it, 166 00:04:13,160 --> 00:04:15,480 but it provided a 167 00:04:13,160 --> 00:04:15,480 safe environment. 168 00:04:15,520 --> 00:04:19,160 {\an1}It dealt with the public health 169 00:04:15,520 --> 00:04:19,160 {\an1}issues associated with that. 170 00:04:20,120 --> 00:04:21,640 [ragtime music plays] 171 00:04:21,680 --> 00:04:24,000 {\an1}[Narrator ] Attempting to 172 00:04:21,680 --> 00:04:24,000 {\an1}engineer our way our of trouble 173 00:04:24,040 --> 00:04:25,320 {\an1}is deepening the problem. 174 00:04:26,520 --> 00:04:28,000 As we throw more 175 00:04:26,520 --> 00:04:28,000 and more resources 176 00:04:28,040 --> 00:04:30,120 {\an1}at outmoded infrastructure, 177 00:04:30,160 --> 00:04:33,880 {\an1}the challenge is to let go of 178 00:04:30,160 --> 00:04:33,880 {\an1}an older inefficient system 179 00:04:33,920 --> 00:04:37,400 {\an1}and start to open our minds 180 00:04:33,920 --> 00:04:37,400 {\an1}to new ways of managing water. 181 00:04:38,680 --> 00:04:41,640 Nothing focuses the 182 00:04:38,680 --> 00:04:41,640 mind like a crisis. 183 00:04:41,680 --> 00:04:44,080 So when Flint, Michigan 184 00:04:41,680 --> 00:04:44,080 faced a shocking crisis 185 00:04:44,120 --> 00:04:47,160 of lead contamination 186 00:04:44,120 --> 00:04:47,160 in its drinking water, 187 00:04:47,200 --> 00:04:49,920 activists not only 188 00:04:47,200 --> 00:04:49,920 demanded change, 189 00:04:49,960 --> 00:04:52,680 {\an1}but actively sought creative 190 00:04:49,960 --> 00:04:52,680 {\an1}solutions to the problem. 191 00:04:54,600 --> 00:04:56,680 {\an1}One such creatively 192 00:04:54,600 --> 00:04:56,680 focused mind 193 00:04:56,720 --> 00:04:58,800 {\an1}belongs to rapper, actor, 194 00:04:58,840 --> 00:05:01,040 {\an1}and entrepreneur Jaden Smith. 195 00:05:02,480 --> 00:05:04,280 {\an1}My motivation around water 196 00:05:04,320 --> 00:05:07,560 {\an8}started when I was 197 00:05:04,320 --> 00:05:07,560 {\an8}about 11 years old. 198 00:05:07,600 --> 00:05:10,200 {\an7}And it came from me learning 199 00:05:07,600 --> 00:05:10,200 {\an7}about the environment 200 00:05:10,240 --> 00:05:12,200 {\an7}from my teachers in school. 201 00:05:12,240 --> 00:05:13,360 It got to the point 202 00:05:13,400 --> 00:05:15,920 where I really wanted 203 00:05:13,400 --> 00:05:15,920 to make an active change 204 00:05:15,960 --> 00:05:17,120 {\an1}and I wanted to do something 205 00:05:17,160 --> 00:05:18,800 that could make a 206 00:05:17,160 --> 00:05:18,800 difference in the world. 207 00:05:18,840 --> 00:05:21,360 I always wanted to 208 00:05:18,840 --> 00:05:21,360 go above and beyond 209 00:05:21,400 --> 00:05:22,680 {\an1}and just go across the world 210 00:05:22,720 --> 00:05:24,520 and make an impact, and 211 00:05:22,720 --> 00:05:24,520 make a change, you know? 212 00:05:24,560 --> 00:05:26,560 {\an1}I want to put a filtration 213 00:05:24,560 --> 00:05:26,560 {\an1}system in Africa. 214 00:05:26,600 --> 00:05:28,800 {\an1}I want to put a filtration 215 00:05:26,600 --> 00:05:28,800 {\an1}system in India. 216 00:05:29,960 --> 00:05:31,600 As I started to 217 00:05:29,960 --> 00:05:31,600 evolve these ideas, 218 00:05:31,640 --> 00:05:35,400 {\an1}I started to realize that we 219 00:05:31,640 --> 00:05:35,400 {\an1}have problems so close to home. 220 00:05:35,440 --> 00:05:36,960 {\an1}We have water sanitation issues 221 00:05:37,000 --> 00:05:39,400 that are right here 222 00:05:37,000 --> 00:05:39,400 in our backyard 223 00:05:39,440 --> 00:05:41,080 {\an1}that need to be addressed. 224 00:05:42,120 --> 00:05:43,720 And seeing the effect 225 00:05:43,760 --> 00:05:46,480 {\an1}that this crisis has had on 226 00:05:43,760 --> 00:05:46,480 {\an1}everyone in Flint, Michigan. 227 00:05:46,520 --> 00:05:47,840 {\an1}When you see the kids there 228 00:05:47,880 --> 00:05:49,080 and when you see 229 00:05:47,880 --> 00:05:49,080 the elderly people, 230 00:05:49,120 --> 00:05:51,120 that still they 231 00:05:49,120 --> 00:05:51,120 can't use the water 232 00:05:51,160 --> 00:05:52,360 {\an1}that's coming out of the pipes, 233 00:05:52,400 --> 00:05:53,480 it's heart wrenching. 234 00:05:56,960 --> 00:05:58,600 We wanted to give 235 00:05:56,960 --> 00:05:58,600 back to that community 236 00:05:58,640 --> 00:06:00,320 {\an1}and purify the water for people 237 00:06:00,360 --> 00:06:02,560 who don't have access 238 00:06:00,360 --> 00:06:02,560 for clean water. 239 00:06:02,600 --> 00:06:06,240 That is why we did The 240 00:06:02,600 --> 00:06:06,240 Water Box in Flint. 241 00:06:06,280 --> 00:06:09,280 [upbeat rock music plays] 242 00:06:11,160 --> 00:06:13,760 {\an1}What it does is it filters water 243 00:06:13,800 --> 00:06:18,040 {\an1}and it delivers 10 gallons of 244 00:06:13,800 --> 00:06:18,040 {\an1}clean water every 60 seconds. 245 00:06:18,080 --> 00:06:21,040 It's specifically made 246 00:06:18,080 --> 00:06:21,040 to filter out the lead 247 00:06:21,080 --> 00:06:22,160 {\an1}and we have people on site 248 00:06:22,200 --> 00:06:24,200 that are testing the 249 00:06:22,200 --> 00:06:24,200 water every single day. 250 00:06:29,240 --> 00:06:33,440 {\an1}The entire plan and the goal 251 00:06:29,240 --> 00:06:33,440 {\an1}to make it work here first 252 00:06:33,480 --> 00:06:35,720 and then to take it 253 00:06:33,480 --> 00:06:35,720 places across the world 254 00:06:35,760 --> 00:06:38,480 that are having the same 255 00:06:35,760 --> 00:06:38,480 issues and say okay, 256 00:06:38,520 --> 00:06:41,600 well maybe this is not a 257 00:06:38,520 --> 00:06:41,600 lead problem over here, 258 00:06:41,640 --> 00:06:45,320 {\an1}so we can change the 259 00:06:41,640 --> 00:06:45,320 {\an1}configuration of the machine. 260 00:06:45,360 --> 00:06:48,920 {\an1}The goal is to have it 261 00:06:45,360 --> 00:06:48,920 {\an1}wherever it would be necessary 262 00:06:48,960 --> 00:06:51,080 and to modify it for 263 00:06:48,960 --> 00:06:51,080 that specific places 264 00:06:51,120 --> 00:06:54,680 {\an1}so that it wold work efficiently 265 00:06:51,120 --> 00:06:54,680 {\an1}just as it does in Flint. 266 00:06:55,920 --> 00:06:58,040 {\an8}Water is viewed 267 00:06:55,920 --> 00:06:58,040 {\an8}as a global issue 268 00:06:58,080 --> 00:06:59,640 {\an8}because it affects 269 00:06:58,080 --> 00:06:59,640 {\an8}everybody on the planet, 270 00:06:59,680 --> 00:07:01,320 {\an7}but really at it's heart, 271 00:06:59,680 --> 00:07:01,320 {\an7}it's a local issue, 272 00:07:01,360 --> 00:07:03,320 {\an8}because we have to deal 273 00:07:01,360 --> 00:07:03,320 {\an8}with it city by city, 274 00:07:03,360 --> 00:07:04,480 {\an8}town by town. 275 00:07:04,520 --> 00:07:05,960 {\an8}So what we see is that 276 00:07:06,000 --> 00:07:08,040 {\an8}people who are really 277 00:07:06,000 --> 00:07:08,040 {\an8}at the coalface 278 00:07:08,080 --> 00:07:09,840 {\an1}who are struggling with drought 279 00:07:09,880 --> 00:07:12,240 {\an1}or deteriorating water quality, 280 00:07:12,280 --> 00:07:13,440 those are the 281 00:07:12,280 --> 00:07:13,440 people on the edges 282 00:07:13,480 --> 00:07:15,480 and on the fringes who 283 00:07:13,480 --> 00:07:15,480 are really innovating. 284 00:07:15,520 --> 00:07:18,240 And that's where 285 00:07:15,520 --> 00:07:18,240 the future lies. 286 00:07:21,760 --> 00:07:25,880 {\an1}[Narrator] One innovator on 287 00:07:21,760 --> 00:07:25,880 {\an1}one such fringe is Beth Koiji 288 00:07:25,920 --> 00:07:29,360 {\an1}who had to think outside the 289 00:07:25,920 --> 00:07:29,360 {\an1}box when her well ran dry. 290 00:07:30,600 --> 00:07:32,080 When I was doing 291 00:07:30,600 --> 00:07:32,080 my undergraduate, 292 00:07:32,120 --> 00:07:33,520 {\an8}I think I was tired 293 00:07:33,560 --> 00:07:36,840 {\an8}of getting on and off 294 00:07:33,560 --> 00:07:36,840 {\an8}waterborne diseases. 295 00:07:36,880 --> 00:07:40,840 {\an7}So I started making my own 296 00:07:36,880 --> 00:07:40,840 {\an7}water filter in my dorm, 297 00:07:40,880 --> 00:07:43,280 that heal or remove 298 00:07:40,880 --> 00:07:43,280 all bacterias. 299 00:07:44,960 --> 00:07:47,200 I started going to 300 00:07:44,960 --> 00:07:47,200 community with it 301 00:07:47,240 --> 00:07:50,600 {\an1}showing people how to make a 302 00:07:47,240 --> 00:07:50,600 {\an1}simple filter in your house 303 00:07:50,640 --> 00:07:53,680 {\an1}because actually filters 304 00:07:50,640 --> 00:07:53,680 {\an1}are not that cheap in Kenya. 305 00:07:54,960 --> 00:07:56,640 And in 2016, 306 00:07:56,680 --> 00:07:58,760 {\an1}Kenya was facing a huge drought 307 00:07:58,800 --> 00:08:02,760 {\an1}and we felt that people now 308 00:07:58,800 --> 00:08:02,760 {\an1}didn't see filters as a solution 309 00:08:02,800 --> 00:08:06,840 {\an1}because they actually don't 310 00:08:02,800 --> 00:08:06,840 {\an1}have enough water to filter. 311 00:08:06,880 --> 00:08:10,080 {\an1}The only choice here is to 312 00:08:06,880 --> 00:08:10,080 {\an1}fetch water from the river. 313 00:08:11,240 --> 00:08:14,000 Children are sent to 314 00:08:11,240 --> 00:08:14,000 the river the whole day 315 00:08:14,040 --> 00:08:15,840 {\an1}so they don't attend school. 316 00:08:15,880 --> 00:08:19,160 {\an1}The water has high level 317 00:08:15,880 --> 00:08:19,160 {\an1}of chemical contaminants, 318 00:08:19,200 --> 00:08:21,160 so basically, you 319 00:08:19,200 --> 00:08:21,160 cannot drink that water. 320 00:08:23,000 --> 00:08:25,720 So we were looking 321 00:08:23,000 --> 00:08:25,720 at something specific 322 00:08:25,760 --> 00:08:28,520 that is able to utilize 323 00:08:25,760 --> 00:08:28,520 the humidity in air. 324 00:08:32,680 --> 00:08:34,320 [Narrator] Frustrated 325 00:08:32,680 --> 00:08:34,320 with her own experience 326 00:08:34,360 --> 00:08:37,480 {\an1}of watching water scarcity 327 00:08:34,360 --> 00:08:37,480 {\an1}ravage her country, 328 00:08:37,520 --> 00:08:41,280 Beth looks to nature 329 00:08:37,520 --> 00:08:41,280 to solve the problem. 330 00:08:41,320 --> 00:08:44,240 {\an1}Getting water from air has 331 00:08:41,320 --> 00:08:44,240 {\an1}never been a new concept. 332 00:08:44,280 --> 00:08:47,720 In nature, there are 333 00:08:44,280 --> 00:08:47,720 some Namibian beetle 334 00:08:47,760 --> 00:08:50,720 {\an1}that actually have its drinking 335 00:08:47,760 --> 00:08:50,720 {\an1}water from the atmosphere. 336 00:08:52,320 --> 00:08:54,480 There's six times more 337 00:08:52,320 --> 00:08:54,480 water in the atmosphere 338 00:08:54,520 --> 00:08:56,520 {\an1}than there is in all 339 00:08:54,520 --> 00:08:56,520 {\an1}the wells around the world. 340 00:08:56,560 --> 00:08:58,000 {\an1}So that is a huge resource 341 00:08:58,040 --> 00:09:00,200 that is yet to be 342 00:08:58,040 --> 00:09:00,200 properly tapped. 343 00:09:03,120 --> 00:09:04,400 [Narrator] She 344 00:09:03,120 --> 00:09:04,400 designed a machine 345 00:09:04,440 --> 00:09:06,840 {\an1}that extracts clean 346 00:09:04,440 --> 00:09:06,840 {\an1}water from the atmosphere 347 00:09:06,880 --> 00:09:09,120 and she calls it Majik. 348 00:09:10,760 --> 00:09:13,720 {\an1}Beth took her invention to 349 00:09:10,760 --> 00:09:13,720 {\an1}the Ark Children's Orphanage 350 00:09:13,760 --> 00:09:16,040 {\an1}so kids could focus 351 00:09:13,760 --> 00:09:16,040 on education 352 00:09:16,080 --> 00:09:18,320 instead of walking 353 00:09:16,080 --> 00:09:18,320 miles for water. 354 00:09:20,280 --> 00:09:22,400 These technologies 355 00:09:20,280 --> 00:09:22,400 are very, very simple. 356 00:09:22,440 --> 00:09:25,320 It works the same 357 00:09:22,440 --> 00:09:25,320 as the refrigerator 358 00:09:25,360 --> 00:09:26,720 and an air conditioner. 359 00:09:26,760 --> 00:09:29,320 {\an1}The air is pulled in by a fan 360 00:09:29,360 --> 00:09:32,280 and then passed through 361 00:09:29,360 --> 00:09:32,280 a condenser coil. 362 00:09:32,320 --> 00:09:34,280 That's where the 363 00:09:32,320 --> 00:09:34,280 condensing happens 364 00:09:34,320 --> 00:09:37,080 {\an1}and then the water is 365 00:09:34,320 --> 00:09:37,080 {\an1}dispensed to a collecting tank. 366 00:09:41,240 --> 00:09:43,720 We just came from 367 00:09:41,240 --> 00:09:43,720 a very dry season, 368 00:09:43,760 --> 00:09:46,600 so this was the only 369 00:09:43,760 --> 00:09:46,600 source of drinking water 370 00:09:46,640 --> 00:09:47,800 for these children. 371 00:09:47,840 --> 00:09:49,560 {\an1}It's for security for them. 372 00:09:51,480 --> 00:09:52,760 As long as you have air, 373 00:09:52,800 --> 00:09:54,560 you can have clean 374 00:09:52,800 --> 00:09:54,560 drinking water. 375 00:09:59,760 --> 00:10:02,120 {\an1}[Narrator] Technological 376 00:09:59,760 --> 00:10:02,120 {\an1}innovation isn't enough 377 00:10:02,160 --> 00:10:03,760 in places where the 378 00:10:02,160 --> 00:10:03,760 primary obstacle 379 00:10:03,800 --> 00:10:05,080 to obtaining clean water 380 00:10:05,120 --> 00:10:08,480 is something as simple 381 00:10:05,120 --> 00:10:08,480 as it is elusive. 382 00:10:08,520 --> 00:10:09,400 Money. 383 00:10:12,280 --> 00:10:13,960 Today in 2019, 384 00:10:14,000 --> 00:10:17,200 {\an1}it's a million children a 385 00:10:14,000 --> 00:10:17,200 {\an1}year under the age of five die 386 00:10:17,240 --> 00:10:20,080 {\an1}because they lack access to 387 00:10:17,240 --> 00:10:20,080 {\an1}safe water and sanitation. 388 00:10:21,280 --> 00:10:23,480 The very first water 389 00:10:21,280 --> 00:10:23,480 collection I went on 390 00:10:23,520 --> 00:10:26,440 was when the magnitude 391 00:10:23,520 --> 00:10:26,440 of the problem hit me. 392 00:10:26,480 --> 00:10:30,320 I was in a very rural 393 00:10:26,480 --> 00:10:30,320 village in Zambia 394 00:10:30,360 --> 00:10:32,240 and I was with this 395 00:10:30,360 --> 00:10:32,240 14 year old girl. 396 00:10:32,280 --> 00:10:33,760 {\an1}She picked up the jerry can, 397 00:10:33,800 --> 00:10:35,320 I picked up a jerry can, 398 00:10:35,360 --> 00:10:38,200 {\an1}and we walked off together 399 00:10:35,360 --> 00:10:38,200 {\an1}with an interpreter. 400 00:10:38,240 --> 00:10:40,600 And we walked about a 401 00:10:38,240 --> 00:10:40,600 while to this bore-well 402 00:10:40,640 --> 00:10:42,160 {\an1}to fill these jerry cans. 403 00:10:43,840 --> 00:10:45,400 {\an1}I asked her, "What are you 404 00:10:43,840 --> 00:10:45,400 {\an1}gonna do when you grow up? 405 00:10:45,440 --> 00:10:47,960 "Are you gonna live 406 00:10:45,440 --> 00:10:47,960 here in this village?" 407 00:10:48,000 --> 00:10:49,240 And she looked around. 408 00:10:49,280 --> 00:10:51,440 She was like, "No, 409 00:10:49,280 --> 00:10:51,440 I'm not staying here." 410 00:10:51,480 --> 00:10:52,600 {\an1}She goes, "I'm going to Lusaka, 411 00:10:52,640 --> 00:10:53,920 {\an1}"I'm going to the big city." 412 00:10:53,960 --> 00:10:55,400 She's like, "I'm 413 00:10:53,960 --> 00:10:55,400 gonna be a nurse." 414 00:10:57,880 --> 00:11:02,080 {\an1}It reminded me of being 415 00:10:57,880 --> 00:11:02,080 {\an1}14, and with Ben Affleck, 416 00:11:02,120 --> 00:11:04,320 {\an1}and saying we're gonna go 417 00:11:02,120 --> 00:11:04,320 {\an1}to the big city of New York, 418 00:11:04,360 --> 00:11:05,960 {\an1}and we're gonna be actors. 419 00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:07,960 I was just brought 420 00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:07,960 back to that feeling. 421 00:11:08,000 --> 00:11:10,400 {\an1}And it wasn't until I 422 00:11:08,000 --> 00:11:10,400 {\an1}drove away that it hit me 423 00:11:10,440 --> 00:11:13,280 {\an1}that had it not been for 424 00:11:10,440 --> 00:11:13,280 {\an1}someone having the foresight 425 00:11:13,320 --> 00:11:16,560 {\an1}to sink this bore-well a 426 00:11:13,320 --> 00:11:16,560 {\an1}mile from this kid's house, 427 00:11:16,600 --> 00:11:18,280 {\an1}she wouldn't have any hope 428 00:11:18,320 --> 00:11:20,080 for any type of 429 00:11:18,320 --> 00:11:20,080 future whatsoever. 430 00:11:20,120 --> 00:11:23,600 {\an1}She would be spending her 431 00:11:20,120 --> 00:11:23,600 {\an1}entire day not in school, 432 00:11:23,640 --> 00:11:25,440 {\an1}but rather collecting water. 433 00:11:30,320 --> 00:11:32,440 Please welcome Matt 434 00:11:30,320 --> 00:11:32,440 Damon and Gary White. 435 00:11:32,480 --> 00:11:35,680 [audience applauding] 436 00:11:38,520 --> 00:11:40,760 {\an1}I read one of the stories 437 00:11:38,520 --> 00:11:40,760 {\an1}from your organization 438 00:11:40,800 --> 00:11:43,160 where there a woman who 439 00:11:40,800 --> 00:11:43,160 was paying $60 a month 440 00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:44,720 to get bottled water 441 00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:44,720 delivered to her 442 00:11:44,760 --> 00:11:46,440 so that she could have 443 00:11:44,760 --> 00:11:46,440 something to drink. 444 00:11:46,480 --> 00:11:47,760 Through your program, 445 00:11:47,800 --> 00:11:50,840 she got a loan to have 446 00:11:47,800 --> 00:11:50,840 her own water source 447 00:11:50,880 --> 00:11:54,280 {\an1}and then pays back the 448 00:11:50,880 --> 00:11:54,280 {\an1}loan at five or $6 a month. 449 00:11:54,320 --> 00:11:55,400 Exactly. 450 00:11:55,440 --> 00:11:57,440 Which is a simple 451 00:11:55,440 --> 00:11:57,440 and yet insane concept 452 00:11:57,480 --> 00:11:58,680 {\an1}that nobody has thought of that. 453 00:11:58,720 --> 00:11:59,920 -Is it that simple? 454 00:11:58,720 --> 00:11:59,920 -Yes. 455 00:11:59,960 --> 00:12:01,600 {\an1}- Giving access to money-- 456 00:11:59,960 --> 00:12:01,600 {\an1}- Yes. 457 00:12:01,640 --> 00:12:02,760 To make their 458 00:12:01,640 --> 00:12:02,760 own water source? 459 00:12:02,800 --> 00:12:04,320 Yes. 460 00:12:04,360 --> 00:12:07,040 {\an1}And then they participate 461 00:12:04,360 --> 00:12:07,040 {\an1}in their own solution. 462 00:12:07,080 --> 00:12:08,480 {\an1}They fix their own problem. 463 00:12:10,480 --> 00:12:11,680 With Water.org, 464 00:12:11,720 --> 00:12:14,960 {\an8}what we do is we break 465 00:12:11,720 --> 00:12:14,960 {\an8}down the barriers 466 00:12:15,000 --> 00:12:18,840 {\an8}between people and safe 467 00:12:15,000 --> 00:12:18,840 {\an8}water and sanitation. 468 00:12:20,440 --> 00:12:22,920 We're able to help 469 00:12:20,440 --> 00:12:22,920 them with financing 470 00:12:22,960 --> 00:12:26,200 {\an1}so that they can afford 471 00:12:22,960 --> 00:12:26,200 {\an1}filters at the household level. 472 00:12:26,240 --> 00:12:28,560 So that people 473 00:12:26,240 --> 00:12:28,560 can enjoy the fact, 474 00:12:28,600 --> 00:12:31,280 {\an1}not just that they don't have 475 00:12:28,600 --> 00:12:31,280 {\an1}to walk for water anymore, 476 00:12:31,320 --> 00:12:34,080 but they also have 477 00:12:31,320 --> 00:12:34,080 safe potable water. 478 00:12:37,080 --> 00:12:40,520 {\an7}Having raised and deployed 479 00:12:37,080 --> 00:12:40,520 {\an7}about 27 million dollars 480 00:12:40,560 --> 00:12:41,800 {\an7}in philanthropic capital, 481 00:12:41,840 --> 00:12:45,080 {\an8}that has unleashed 482 00:12:41,840 --> 00:12:45,080 {\an8}1.1 billion dollars 483 00:12:45,120 --> 00:12:46,520 in these micro-loans 484 00:12:46,560 --> 00:12:48,800 {\an1}so that people can get their 485 00:12:46,560 --> 00:12:48,800 {\an1}water and sanitation solutions 486 00:12:48,840 --> 00:12:50,280 {\an1}that best meet their needs. 487 00:12:55,080 --> 00:12:58,160 {\an1}The real success story for 488 00:12:55,080 --> 00:12:58,160 {\an1}us in this entire endeavor 489 00:12:58,200 --> 00:13:01,440 has been the fact that 490 00:12:58,200 --> 00:13:01,440 the loans that we make 491 00:13:01,480 --> 00:13:03,840 pay back at 99%. 492 00:13:03,880 --> 00:13:06,480 And that is astonishing. 493 00:13:08,760 --> 00:13:11,760 {\an1}To know that these are the 494 00:13:08,760 --> 00:13:11,760 {\an1}poorest people on Earth 495 00:13:11,800 --> 00:13:14,000 and all they want 496 00:13:14,040 --> 00:13:17,400 {\an1}is that if you nudge the 497 00:13:14,040 --> 00:13:17,400 {\an1}markets toward them a little bit 498 00:13:18,720 --> 00:13:21,280 {\an1}and give them the dignity 499 00:13:18,720 --> 00:13:21,280 {\an1}to solve their own problem, 500 00:13:21,320 --> 00:13:22,640 they will. 501 00:13:22,680 --> 00:13:25,480 {\an1}And if you think of them 502 00:13:22,680 --> 00:13:25,480 {\an1}instead of as a charity case 503 00:13:25,520 --> 00:13:28,760 {\an1}as a customer with their 504 00:13:25,520 --> 00:13:28,760 {\an1}own economic citizenship, 505 00:13:28,800 --> 00:13:30,480 then you're gonna be 506 00:13:28,800 --> 00:13:30,480 floored by what they do. 507 00:13:30,520 --> 00:13:32,560 {\an1}And we've done over three 508 00:13:30,520 --> 00:13:32,560 {\an1}million of these loans now, 509 00:13:32,600 --> 00:13:35,840 {\an1}so that 99% number is very real. 510 00:13:41,840 --> 00:13:43,640 [Narrator] Of course, 511 00:13:41,840 --> 00:13:43,640 access to clean water 512 00:13:43,680 --> 00:13:45,560 {\an1}is only part of the equation. 513 00:13:45,600 --> 00:13:48,480 {\an1}A healthy and sustainable 514 00:13:45,600 --> 00:13:48,480 {\an1}future also depends 515 00:13:48,520 --> 00:13:52,120 {\an1}on solving an equally 516 00:13:48,520 --> 00:13:52,120 {\an1}urgent aspect of the crisis. 517 00:13:52,160 --> 00:13:53,240 Sanitation. 518 00:13:56,080 --> 00:13:59,000 {\an1}According to the Bill and 519 00:13:56,080 --> 00:13:59,000 {\an1}Melinda Gates Foundation, 520 00:13:59,040 --> 00:14:02,040 poor sanitation causes 521 00:13:59,040 --> 00:14:02,040 more than 1,200 deaths 522 00:14:02,080 --> 00:14:05,640 of children under 523 00:14:02,080 --> 00:14:05,640 five every single day. 524 00:14:05,680 --> 00:14:09,400 {\an1}That's more than AIDS, measles, 525 00:14:05,680 --> 00:14:09,400 {\an1}and tuberculosis combined. 526 00:14:10,720 --> 00:14:12,960 {\an1}Although the flushed toilet 527 00:14:10,720 --> 00:14:12,960 {\an1}and central sewer systems 528 00:14:13,000 --> 00:14:14,320 are considered by many 529 00:14:14,360 --> 00:14:17,760 to be the gold standard 530 00:14:14,360 --> 00:14:17,760 for safe sanitation, 531 00:14:17,800 --> 00:14:20,320 the solutions enjoyed 532 00:14:17,800 --> 00:14:20,320 by developed countries 533 00:14:20,360 --> 00:14:23,280 cannot simply be scaled 534 00:14:20,360 --> 00:14:23,280 down for poorer nations. 535 00:14:27,840 --> 00:14:29,640 Therefore, innovators 536 00:14:27,840 --> 00:14:29,640 around the globe 537 00:14:29,680 --> 00:14:32,480 are developing locally 538 00:14:29,680 --> 00:14:32,480 appropriate alternatives 539 00:14:32,520 --> 00:14:35,040 that can be safer, 540 00:14:32,520 --> 00:14:35,040 more cost effective, 541 00:14:35,080 --> 00:14:36,880 and more environmentally 542 00:14:35,080 --> 00:14:36,880 friendly, 543 00:14:38,680 --> 00:14:41,760 {\an1}often, an individual 544 00:14:38,680 --> 00:14:41,760 {\an1}visionary can move faster 545 00:14:41,800 --> 00:14:44,240 and more effectively 546 00:14:41,800 --> 00:14:44,240 than any government, 547 00:14:44,280 --> 00:14:45,560 like this man, 548 00:14:45,600 --> 00:14:47,640 who has developed a 549 00:14:45,600 --> 00:14:47,640 solution to sanitation 550 00:14:47,680 --> 00:14:50,480 for some of the 551 00:14:47,680 --> 00:14:50,480 world's poorest people. 552 00:14:50,520 --> 00:14:53,200 {\an7}I grew up in the slums. 553 00:14:53,240 --> 00:14:54,680 {\an7}And growing up in the slums 554 00:14:54,720 --> 00:14:58,160 {\an7}is you come across sanitation 555 00:14:54,720 --> 00:14:58,160 {\an7}challenges everyday. 556 00:15:00,760 --> 00:15:03,360 Everyday when I go to 557 00:15:00,760 --> 00:15:03,360 bed and before I wake up 558 00:15:03,400 --> 00:15:07,720 {\an1}is like how can I make 559 00:15:03,400 --> 00:15:07,720 {\an1}sure my brother, my sister, 560 00:15:07,760 --> 00:15:11,320 {\an1}my cousin who is still 561 00:15:07,760 --> 00:15:11,320 {\an1}facing sanitation challenge 562 00:15:11,360 --> 00:15:13,560 has a different life. 563 00:15:17,600 --> 00:15:19,520 [Narrator] Dixon's 564 00:15:17,600 --> 00:15:19,520 company Sanivation 565 00:15:19,560 --> 00:15:22,720 {\an1}is a truly local solution 566 00:15:19,560 --> 00:15:22,720 {\an1}to a global problem, 567 00:15:22,760 --> 00:15:24,680 providing home toilets 568 00:15:22,760 --> 00:15:24,680 and waste treatment 569 00:15:24,720 --> 00:15:26,680 {\an1}for 20,000 people in Kenya 570 00:15:26,720 --> 00:15:28,920 in an economically 571 00:15:26,720 --> 00:15:28,920 sustainable way. 572 00:15:31,760 --> 00:15:33,200 We have 126 homes 573 00:15:33,240 --> 00:15:36,680 {\an1}that we've been serving for 574 00:15:33,240 --> 00:15:36,680 {\an1}the last three plus years. 575 00:15:36,720 --> 00:15:39,680 {\an1}And we are really excited 576 00:15:36,720 --> 00:15:39,680 {\an1}to see the impact we make 577 00:15:39,720 --> 00:15:42,640 into these families 578 00:15:39,720 --> 00:15:42,640 week after week, 579 00:15:42,680 --> 00:15:44,840 month after month, 580 00:15:42,680 --> 00:15:44,840 years after years. 581 00:15:48,120 --> 00:15:50,760 {\an7}[speaking in foreign language] 582 00:15:50,800 --> 00:15:53,360 {\an7}[Translator] Initially, we 583 00:15:50,800 --> 00:15:53,360 {\an7}used to have a shared toilet 584 00:15:53,400 --> 00:15:56,080 {\an8}that was used by 585 00:15:53,400 --> 00:15:56,080 {\an8}the entire plot. 586 00:15:56,120 --> 00:15:58,800 {\an7}And it was unsafe because 587 00:15:56,120 --> 00:15:58,800 {\an7}most people are using 588 00:15:58,840 --> 00:16:00,760 {\an8}and it's unclean, 589 00:16:00,800 --> 00:16:04,200 {\an8}so it's not safe for 590 00:16:00,800 --> 00:16:04,200 {\an8}me and my children. 591 00:16:04,240 --> 00:16:08,040 {\an1}And right now, I have a blue 592 00:16:04,240 --> 00:16:08,040 {\an1}box that I can use at any time 593 00:16:08,080 --> 00:16:11,880 {\an1}and it's also secure because 594 00:16:08,080 --> 00:16:11,880 {\an1}I can use it in the house. 595 00:16:19,120 --> 00:16:22,720 {\an1}I'm so happy right now 596 00:16:19,120 --> 00:16:22,720 {\an1}because my family's safe. 597 00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:30,600 {\an1}[Narrator] Sanivation collects 598 00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:30,600 {\an1}human waste once weekly, 599 00:16:30,640 --> 00:16:34,080 {\an1}employing 98 local workers 600 00:16:30,640 --> 00:16:34,080 {\an1}to transport these materials 601 00:16:34,120 --> 00:16:36,800 to their centralized 602 00:16:34,120 --> 00:16:36,800 treatment facility. 603 00:16:36,840 --> 00:16:38,600 {\an1}But Dixon isn't satisfied 604 00:16:38,640 --> 00:16:41,560 with simply offsetting 605 00:16:38,640 --> 00:16:41,560 the spread of disease. 606 00:16:41,600 --> 00:16:44,000 He's turning waste 607 00:16:41,600 --> 00:16:44,000 into a windfall. 608 00:16:48,920 --> 00:16:50,240 Once it gets here, 609 00:16:50,280 --> 00:16:53,040 {\an1}our first step is treating it 610 00:16:53,080 --> 00:16:56,040 with our technology that 611 00:16:53,080 --> 00:16:56,040 we just harness the sun 612 00:16:56,080 --> 00:16:58,280 and ensure all the 613 00:16:56,080 --> 00:16:58,280 pathogens are killed. 614 00:16:59,480 --> 00:17:00,360 After that, 615 00:17:00,400 --> 00:17:01,720 {\an1}it goes to the next stage 616 00:17:01,760 --> 00:17:04,200 where we mix it 617 00:17:01,760 --> 00:17:04,200 agriculture residue. 618 00:17:04,240 --> 00:17:05,480 And after that, 619 00:17:05,520 --> 00:17:08,440 we have a product 620 00:17:05,520 --> 00:17:08,440 that is from feces. 621 00:17:12,880 --> 00:17:14,120 And it can be used 622 00:17:12,880 --> 00:17:14,120 as a replacement 623 00:17:14,160 --> 00:17:15,760 {\an1}for the traditional charcoal. 624 00:17:22,120 --> 00:17:23,720 With this charcoal, 625 00:17:23,760 --> 00:17:25,680 {\an1}there's no carbon emission 626 00:17:25,720 --> 00:17:27,720 compared to the 627 00:17:25,720 --> 00:17:27,720 original charcoal. 628 00:17:27,760 --> 00:17:30,800 {\an1}It burns three times longer 629 00:17:27,760 --> 00:17:30,800 {\an1}than the traditional charcoal. 630 00:17:30,840 --> 00:17:31,720 That saves money. 631 00:17:32,760 --> 00:17:33,960 On top of that, 632 00:17:34,000 --> 00:17:36,280 for every ton of 633 00:17:34,000 --> 00:17:36,280 this charcoal sold, 634 00:17:36,320 --> 00:17:38,000 88 trees are saved. 635 00:17:41,240 --> 00:17:42,880 {\an1}The sale of the products we make 636 00:17:42,920 --> 00:17:44,760 {\an1}cover the operation costs, 637 00:17:44,800 --> 00:17:48,640 so that makes our 638 00:17:44,800 --> 00:17:48,640 model very attractive 639 00:17:48,680 --> 00:17:50,440 and a good option 640 00:17:48,680 --> 00:17:50,440 to the government. 641 00:17:54,440 --> 00:17:55,920 [Narrator] Sanivation 642 00:17:54,440 --> 00:17:55,920 is partnering 643 00:17:55,960 --> 00:17:57,240 {\an1}with the local government 644 00:17:57,280 --> 00:17:59,520 to expand their reach 645 00:17:57,280 --> 00:17:59,520 across Kenya and beyond. 646 00:18:00,560 --> 00:18:02,280 This kind of 647 00:18:00,560 --> 00:18:02,280 partnership is crucial 648 00:18:02,320 --> 00:18:04,640 to expanding the 649 00:18:02,320 --> 00:18:04,640 impact of innovations 650 00:18:04,680 --> 00:18:08,480 {\an1}like The Water Box, Majik 651 00:18:04,680 --> 00:18:08,480 {\an1}Water, and Sanivation. 652 00:18:09,840 --> 00:18:12,280 {\an1}But recovery of resources 653 00:18:09,840 --> 00:18:12,280 {\an1}from water and sanitation 654 00:18:12,320 --> 00:18:14,920 are not just important 655 00:18:12,320 --> 00:18:14,920 in the developing world. 656 00:18:17,360 --> 00:18:19,280 Creative solutions 657 00:18:17,360 --> 00:18:19,280 are equally important 658 00:18:19,320 --> 00:18:22,000 in cities like Chicago, 659 00:18:22,040 --> 00:18:25,800 {\an1}home to the largest water 660 00:18:22,040 --> 00:18:25,800 {\an1}treatment plant on Earth. 661 00:18:25,840 --> 00:18:28,120 A city of three 662 00:18:25,840 --> 00:18:28,120 million residents 663 00:18:28,160 --> 00:18:30,120 where millions of 664 00:18:28,160 --> 00:18:30,120 gallons of waste water 665 00:18:30,160 --> 00:18:32,600 {\an1}are discharged 666 00:18:30,160 --> 00:18:32,600 {\an1}every single day. 667 00:18:33,840 --> 00:18:37,920 {\an8}We get about 750 668 00:18:33,840 --> 00:18:37,920 {\an8}million gallons of water 669 00:18:37,960 --> 00:18:39,440 {\an8}per day on average. 670 00:18:39,480 --> 00:18:41,760 We could fill an Olympic 671 00:18:39,480 --> 00:18:41,760 size swimming pool 672 00:18:41,800 --> 00:18:43,200 in about 12 minutes. 673 00:18:45,000 --> 00:18:48,280 {\an1}One of the pollutants that we 674 00:18:45,000 --> 00:18:48,280 {\an1}want to remove from the water 675 00:18:48,320 --> 00:18:51,280 is phosphorous because 676 00:18:48,320 --> 00:18:51,280 in excessive quantities, 677 00:18:51,320 --> 00:18:53,280 {\an1}phosphorous in the waterway 678 00:18:53,320 --> 00:18:56,240 encourages algae to grow 679 00:18:53,320 --> 00:18:56,240 and other water plants. 680 00:18:56,280 --> 00:18:58,880 {\an1}And if you have too much algae 681 00:18:56,280 --> 00:18:58,880 {\an1}and too much water plants, 682 00:18:58,920 --> 00:18:59,960 {\an1}it can clog the waterway. 683 00:19:01,920 --> 00:19:03,040 [Narrator] While an 684 00:19:01,920 --> 00:19:03,040 excess of phosphorous 685 00:19:03,080 --> 00:19:05,480 {\an1}damages aquatic ecosystems, 686 00:19:05,520 --> 00:19:09,040 the element itself is 687 00:19:05,520 --> 00:19:09,040 a key component of DNA, 688 00:19:10,240 --> 00:19:12,960 making it essential 689 00:19:10,240 --> 00:19:12,960 to all living things. 690 00:19:13,000 --> 00:19:14,840 But phosphorous is 691 00:19:13,000 --> 00:19:14,840 a finite resource 692 00:19:14,880 --> 00:19:16,800 {\an1}that is disappearing fast. 693 00:19:16,840 --> 00:19:18,400 Scientists fear 694 00:19:16,840 --> 00:19:18,400 that there could be 695 00:19:18,440 --> 00:19:21,920 {\an1}a global shortage of 696 00:19:18,440 --> 00:19:21,920 {\an1}phosphorous as early as 2035. 697 00:19:23,480 --> 00:19:26,040 {\an1}What if we could remove a 698 00:19:23,480 --> 00:19:26,040 {\an1}pollutant from waste water 699 00:19:26,080 --> 00:19:29,120 and mine the valuable 700 00:19:26,080 --> 00:19:29,120 ore of pure phosphorous? 701 00:19:29,160 --> 00:19:30,160 Short answer? 702 00:19:30,200 --> 00:19:31,760 We can. 703 00:19:31,800 --> 00:19:33,920 {\an1}Phosphorous is bound up 704 00:19:31,800 --> 00:19:33,920 {\an1}in the organic material 705 00:19:33,960 --> 00:19:35,920 which we separate 706 00:19:33,960 --> 00:19:35,920 from the water. 707 00:19:35,960 --> 00:19:37,560 {\an1}When it comes out the end, 708 00:19:37,600 --> 00:19:40,080 {\an1}it's kind of soupy so we have 709 00:19:37,600 --> 00:19:40,080 {\an1}to draw the water out of that. 710 00:19:40,120 --> 00:19:41,760 {\an1}And when we pull the water out, 711 00:19:41,800 --> 00:19:45,800 {\an1}the water is very concentrated 712 00:19:41,800 --> 00:19:45,800 {\an1}in ammonia and phosphorous. 713 00:19:45,840 --> 00:19:47,880 {\an1}Now, if we take that stream, 714 00:19:47,920 --> 00:19:49,880 and doing a little bit 715 00:19:47,920 --> 00:19:49,880 of chemistry magic, 716 00:19:49,920 --> 00:19:52,840 {\an1}add a little bit of 717 00:19:49,920 --> 00:19:52,840 {\an1}magnesium chloride to that, 718 00:19:52,880 --> 00:19:55,160 {\an1}turn it into a product now 719 00:19:55,200 --> 00:19:58,880 using some commercial 720 00:19:55,200 --> 00:19:58,880 fertilizer methods. 721 00:19:58,920 --> 00:20:00,280 {\an1}And now we have a product 722 00:20:00,320 --> 00:20:03,840 that can be sold as an 723 00:20:00,320 --> 00:20:03,840 agriculture fertilizer. 724 00:20:03,880 --> 00:20:06,160 Only, it's not just 725 00:20:03,880 --> 00:20:06,160 like any fertilizer. 726 00:20:06,200 --> 00:20:07,760 It's not just something 727 00:20:07,800 --> 00:20:09,680 {\an1}that you would substitute 728 00:20:07,800 --> 00:20:09,680 {\an1}for any other fertilizer 729 00:20:09,720 --> 00:20:12,000 because it's a slow 730 00:20:09,720 --> 00:20:12,000 release fertilizer. 731 00:20:18,000 --> 00:20:21,040 {\an1}What's better than turning 732 00:20:18,000 --> 00:20:21,040 {\an1}a waste into a resource? 733 00:20:21,080 --> 00:20:24,000 And one that you can 734 00:20:21,080 --> 00:20:24,000 make money off of. 735 00:20:24,040 --> 00:20:25,880 There's a revenue 736 00:20:24,040 --> 00:20:25,880 stream for this. 737 00:20:25,920 --> 00:20:28,000 {\an1}This is a commercial fertilizer. 738 00:20:28,040 --> 00:20:30,160 It's sold and we get 739 00:20:28,040 --> 00:20:30,160 a piece of the profit. 740 00:20:33,920 --> 00:20:36,000 {\an8}The cruel irony of 741 00:20:33,920 --> 00:20:36,000 {\an8}wastewater treatment 742 00:20:36,040 --> 00:20:39,040 {\an7}is that there's actually more 743 00:20:36,040 --> 00:20:39,040 {\an7}than twice as much energy 744 00:20:39,080 --> 00:20:40,360 {\an8}in the wastewater 745 00:20:40,400 --> 00:20:43,600 {\an8}as what you would need 746 00:20:40,400 --> 00:20:43,600 {\an8}to be able to treat it. 747 00:20:43,640 --> 00:20:47,920 {\an7}And so why are we putting so 748 00:20:43,640 --> 00:20:47,920 {\an7}much energy into something 749 00:20:47,960 --> 00:20:49,960 {\an8}to destroy the 750 00:20:47,960 --> 00:20:49,960 {\an8}energy that's there? 751 00:20:50,000 --> 00:20:51,960 That's essentially 752 00:20:50,000 --> 00:20:51,960 what we're doing. 753 00:20:52,000 --> 00:20:53,080 It's crazy. 754 00:20:53,120 --> 00:20:54,880 We have these tremendous 755 00:20:53,120 --> 00:20:54,880 amounts of resources 756 00:20:54,920 --> 00:20:56,240 {\an1}just flowing through our pipes. 757 00:20:56,280 --> 00:20:57,840 It's free. 758 00:20:57,880 --> 00:21:00,040 {\an1}And then we're spending a ton 759 00:20:57,880 --> 00:21:00,040 {\an1}of money to get rid of it. 760 00:21:02,400 --> 00:21:05,080 [upbeat music plays] 761 00:21:07,160 --> 00:21:08,360 {\an1}[Narrator] Perhaps we need to 762 00:21:08,400 --> 00:21:11,160 completely rethink 763 00:21:08,400 --> 00:21:11,160 the concept of waste. 764 00:21:11,200 --> 00:21:12,360 As they say, 765 00:21:12,400 --> 00:21:14,720 one man's trash is 766 00:21:12,400 --> 00:21:14,720 another man's treasure. 767 00:21:15,920 --> 00:21:17,920 While Chicago prevents 768 00:21:15,920 --> 00:21:17,920 the overgrowth of algae 769 00:21:17,960 --> 00:21:21,040 by removing phosphorous 770 00:21:17,960 --> 00:21:21,040 from this wastewater, 771 00:21:21,080 --> 00:21:23,400 one maverick thinker 772 00:21:21,080 --> 00:21:23,400 in Southern Spain 773 00:21:23,440 --> 00:21:26,800 {\an1}is deliberatively encouraging 774 00:21:23,440 --> 00:21:26,800 {\an1}the formation of algae, 775 00:21:26,840 --> 00:21:29,960 {\an8}harvesting a simple yet 776 00:21:26,840 --> 00:21:29,960 {\an8}overlooked resource. 777 00:21:30,000 --> 00:21:33,000 {\an7}Well, algae is actually 778 00:21:30,000 --> 00:21:33,000 {\an7}the oldest organism on Earth 779 00:21:33,040 --> 00:21:35,000 {\an7}because they survive 780 00:21:33,040 --> 00:21:35,000 {\an7}with three little things. 781 00:21:35,040 --> 00:21:37,680 {\an7}The sunshine, the 782 00:21:35,040 --> 00:21:37,680 {\an7}nutrients, and the water. 783 00:21:37,720 --> 00:21:39,920 {\an1}Here, we create our own algae. 784 00:21:39,960 --> 00:21:41,400 Rather than waiting 785 00:21:39,960 --> 00:21:41,400 for a million years, 786 00:21:41,440 --> 00:21:43,360 we do it in three hours. 787 00:21:43,400 --> 00:21:45,960 We have big basins 788 00:21:43,400 --> 00:21:45,960 we call raceways. 789 00:21:46,000 --> 00:21:47,240 {\an1}That's where the algae grow. 790 00:21:47,280 --> 00:21:49,360 We keep it in there 791 00:21:47,280 --> 00:21:49,360 for three days. 792 00:21:49,400 --> 00:21:51,640 {\an1}We feed them with wastewater. 793 00:21:51,680 --> 00:21:54,520 {\an1}With flotation, we separate 794 00:21:51,680 --> 00:21:54,520 {\an1}the algae from the water 795 00:21:54,560 --> 00:21:55,840 {\an1}and pump it into the digestor 796 00:21:55,880 --> 00:21:59,640 where it gets converted 797 00:21:55,880 --> 00:21:59,640 into biogas or methane 798 00:21:59,680 --> 00:22:03,480 once we add the gas 799 00:21:59,680 --> 00:22:03,480 purification steps. 800 00:22:03,520 --> 00:22:06,040 [upbeat music plays] 801 00:22:08,080 --> 00:22:10,120 Nobody would believe 802 00:22:08,080 --> 00:22:10,120 how much oxygen 803 00:22:10,160 --> 00:22:11,760 {\an1}algae can actually produce. 804 00:22:11,800 --> 00:22:14,760 {\an1}And that oxygen from algae 805 00:22:11,800 --> 00:22:14,760 {\an1}helps us to clean the wastewater 806 00:22:14,800 --> 00:22:16,320 so that we have clean 807 00:22:14,800 --> 00:22:16,320 water at the end 808 00:22:16,360 --> 00:22:19,240 {\an1}and what we have enough 809 00:22:16,360 --> 00:22:19,240 {\an1}algae that we can harvest 810 00:22:19,280 --> 00:22:21,080 and use for biofuel. 811 00:22:23,080 --> 00:22:25,120 Toilet to tank is really 812 00:22:23,080 --> 00:22:25,120 what we're doing here. 813 00:22:25,160 --> 00:22:26,320 It was always my dream. 814 00:22:26,360 --> 00:22:29,560 I'm a car guy and I'm 815 00:22:26,360 --> 00:22:29,560 passionate about cars. 816 00:22:29,600 --> 00:22:31,880 {\an1}I can take my wastewater, 817 00:22:29,600 --> 00:22:31,880 {\an1}put it in my car, 818 00:22:31,920 --> 00:22:33,440 {\an1}and drive off into the sunshine. 819 00:22:34,440 --> 00:22:37,120 [upbeat music plays] 820 00:22:38,800 --> 00:22:41,960 {\an1}We could put these algae 821 00:22:38,800 --> 00:22:41,960 {\an1}ponds all over Andalusia. 822 00:22:42,000 --> 00:22:44,400 It would be enough to 823 00:22:42,000 --> 00:22:44,400 fuel 30 million cars 824 00:22:44,440 --> 00:22:46,480 {\an1}in Spain with bio-methane. 825 00:22:48,040 --> 00:22:49,000 {\an1}We can actually change the 826 00:22:48,040 --> 00:22:49,000 {\an1}world little by little, 827 00:22:49,040 --> 00:22:50,760 step by step. 828 00:22:50,800 --> 00:22:53,280 [upbeat music plays] 829 00:22:54,600 --> 00:22:55,840 [Narrator] This kind 830 00:22:54,600 --> 00:22:55,840 of lateral thinking 831 00:22:55,880 --> 00:22:58,120 is also being applied 832 00:22:55,880 --> 00:22:58,120 to the problem, 833 00:22:58,160 --> 00:23:01,680 supplying fresh water 834 00:22:58,160 --> 00:23:01,680 in many different ways. 835 00:23:01,720 --> 00:23:05,040 {\an1}Just as Majik Water imitated 836 00:23:01,720 --> 00:23:05,040 {\an1}the Namibian beetle, 837 00:23:05,080 --> 00:23:08,040 {\an1}other innovators are 838 00:23:05,080 --> 00:23:08,040 {\an1}turning to nature for ideas 839 00:23:08,080 --> 00:23:10,280 {\an1}to solve our water problems. 840 00:23:10,320 --> 00:23:13,320 {\an1}Imitating nature in this 841 00:23:10,320 --> 00:23:13,320 {\an1}way is called biomimicry. 842 00:23:14,680 --> 00:23:16,080 {\an7}Basically what we do now 843 00:23:16,120 --> 00:23:19,480 {\an7}is we go out and find water 844 00:23:16,120 --> 00:23:19,480 {\an7}of sufficient quality. 845 00:23:20,680 --> 00:23:23,280 {\an8}We treat it a little 846 00:23:20,680 --> 00:23:23,280 {\an8}bit as we need it. 847 00:23:23,320 --> 00:23:26,920 {\an8}We use it and then 848 00:23:23,320 --> 00:23:26,920 {\an8}we throw it away. 849 00:23:26,960 --> 00:23:28,320 Nature doesn't do that. 850 00:23:29,840 --> 00:23:33,800 {\an1}Nature recycles every drop 851 00:23:29,840 --> 00:23:33,800 {\an1}of water on the planet. 852 00:23:35,120 --> 00:23:39,120 {\an1}The water we have today is 853 00:23:35,120 --> 00:23:39,120 {\an1}the water we've always had. 854 00:23:39,160 --> 00:23:44,000 {\an1}And that water has been 855 00:23:39,160 --> 00:23:44,000 {\an1}reused and recycled by nature 856 00:23:44,040 --> 00:23:45,840 for billions of years. 857 00:23:47,840 --> 00:23:49,000 [Narrator] 858 00:23:47,840 --> 00:23:49,000 Attempting to replicate 859 00:23:49,040 --> 00:23:51,160 {\an1}nature's own recycling process, 860 00:23:51,200 --> 00:23:54,000 scientists in Denmark 861 00:23:51,200 --> 00:23:54,000 looked for an answer 862 00:23:54,040 --> 00:23:56,840 deep inside the cells 863 00:23:54,040 --> 00:23:56,840 of our own bodies. 864 00:23:58,200 --> 00:24:01,000 {\an1}They discovered a protein 865 00:23:58,200 --> 00:24:01,000 {\an1}that can be accelerated 866 00:24:01,040 --> 00:24:05,240 {\an1}and adapted into a membrane 867 00:24:01,040 --> 00:24:05,240 {\an1}technology to purify water. 868 00:24:05,280 --> 00:24:08,480 {\an7}Peter showed up in my 869 00:24:05,280 --> 00:24:08,480 {\an7}lab one day as a graduate 870 00:24:08,520 --> 00:24:10,960 {\an8}just after graduating 871 00:24:08,520 --> 00:24:10,960 {\an8}with his little vial. 872 00:24:11,000 --> 00:24:12,240 {\an8}He always carries around 873 00:24:12,280 --> 00:24:13,360 {\an8}his little vial of 874 00:24:12,280 --> 00:24:13,360 {\an8}aquaporin proteins. 875 00:24:13,400 --> 00:24:14,280 [laughing] 876 00:24:14,320 --> 00:24:15,640 {\an1}An average human has between 877 00:24:15,680 --> 00:24:17,840 say 40 and 50 878 00:24:15,680 --> 00:24:17,840 different variations 879 00:24:17,880 --> 00:24:20,240 of aquaporin proteins 880 00:24:17,880 --> 00:24:20,240 in their body. 881 00:24:20,280 --> 00:24:21,880 They perform very 882 00:24:20,280 --> 00:24:21,880 important functions 883 00:24:21,920 --> 00:24:24,200 of regulating the flow 884 00:24:21,920 --> 00:24:24,200 of different materials. 885 00:24:24,240 --> 00:24:26,640 {\an1}Think about what it would 886 00:24:24,240 --> 00:24:26,640 {\an1}be like if you ate food 887 00:24:26,680 --> 00:24:27,960 or drank coffee, 888 00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:29,400 if that immediately 889 00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:29,400 went into your brain 890 00:24:29,440 --> 00:24:32,000 and had a stimulating 891 00:24:29,440 --> 00:24:32,000 effect on your brain, 892 00:24:32,040 --> 00:24:34,960 {\an1}you'd kinda go crazy every 893 00:24:32,040 --> 00:24:34,960 {\an1}time you drank a cup of coffee. 894 00:24:35,000 --> 00:24:36,280 And so your body 895 00:24:35,000 --> 00:24:36,280 has developed ways 896 00:24:36,320 --> 00:24:37,520 of regulating the flow 897 00:24:37,560 --> 00:24:40,000 of these different 898 00:24:37,560 --> 00:24:40,000 molecules in your body 899 00:24:40,040 --> 00:24:42,560 {\an1}and an important part of that 900 00:24:40,040 --> 00:24:42,560 {\an1}are the aquaporin proteins. 901 00:24:42,600 --> 00:24:43,960 So that's an example 902 00:24:44,000 --> 00:24:45,640 where we've taken this 903 00:24:44,000 --> 00:24:45,640 biological entity, 904 00:24:45,680 --> 00:24:47,120 this biological protein, 905 00:24:47,160 --> 00:24:49,440 {\an1}integrated it into a membrane. 906 00:24:49,480 --> 00:24:52,840 {\an7}We actually reused nature's 907 00:24:49,480 --> 00:24:52,840 {\an7}way of filtrating water. 908 00:24:52,880 --> 00:24:54,280 Using biotechnology, 909 00:24:54,320 --> 00:24:56,000 we take out this small 910 00:24:54,320 --> 00:24:56,000 aquaporin protein 911 00:24:56,040 --> 00:24:58,240 that filtrates water 912 00:24:56,040 --> 00:24:58,240 in all living cells, 913 00:24:58,280 --> 00:25:00,200 {\an1}which is extremely efficient. 914 00:25:04,160 --> 00:25:05,280 {\an8}It's not something 915 00:25:04,160 --> 00:25:05,280 {\an8}we have developed. 916 00:25:05,320 --> 00:25:06,600 {\an8}It's something that 917 00:25:05,320 --> 00:25:06,600 {\an8}nature has developed 918 00:25:06,640 --> 00:25:09,120 {\an8}through 3.8 billon 919 00:25:06,640 --> 00:25:09,120 {\an8}years of evolution. 920 00:25:09,160 --> 00:25:11,600 {\an1}We just stand on the 921 00:25:09,160 --> 00:25:11,600 {\an1}shoulders of that evolution. 922 00:25:12,880 --> 00:25:14,640 One gram of this 923 00:25:12,880 --> 00:25:14,640 aquaporin protein 924 00:25:14,680 --> 00:25:17,720 can filtrate 700 liters 925 00:25:14,680 --> 00:25:17,720 of water each second. 926 00:25:19,360 --> 00:25:21,840 And so we coat the 927 00:25:19,360 --> 00:25:21,840 surface of a membrane 928 00:25:21,880 --> 00:25:23,360 {\an1}with this aquaporin protein 929 00:25:23,400 --> 00:25:25,440 and then we get 930 00:25:23,400 --> 00:25:25,440 more natural water 931 00:25:25,480 --> 00:25:27,840 and we can also instead 932 00:25:25,480 --> 00:25:27,840 of filtrating water, 933 00:25:27,880 --> 00:25:31,400 {\an1}we can actually extract 934 00:25:27,880 --> 00:25:31,400 {\an1}water by forward osmosis. 935 00:25:31,440 --> 00:25:32,960 We can open the doors 936 00:25:33,000 --> 00:25:35,960 {\an1}for an entirely new range 937 00:25:33,000 --> 00:25:35,960 {\an1}of filtration products 938 00:25:36,000 --> 00:25:38,960 with this component that 939 00:25:36,000 --> 00:25:38,960 nature has given us. 940 00:25:40,080 --> 00:25:42,800 [waves crashing] 941 00:25:44,400 --> 00:25:45,680 [Narrator] 942 00:25:44,400 --> 00:25:45,680 Membrane technologies 943 00:25:45,720 --> 00:25:47,720 {\an1}such as the aquaporin protein 944 00:25:47,760 --> 00:25:50,000 are also being employed 945 00:25:47,760 --> 00:25:50,000 to make dramatic leaps 946 00:25:50,040 --> 00:25:53,480 {\an1}in our ability to extract 947 00:25:50,040 --> 00:25:53,480 {\an1}freshwater from our oceans. 948 00:25:55,440 --> 00:25:58,360 {\an8}Seawater by the 949 00:25:55,440 --> 00:25:58,360 {\an8}name is highly saline. 950 00:25:58,400 --> 00:26:00,040 {\an8}And to push salinity 951 00:25:58,400 --> 00:26:00,040 {\an8}out of water, 952 00:26:00,080 --> 00:26:01,640 {\an7}you need a lot of energy. 953 00:26:01,680 --> 00:26:04,200 {\an8}And seawater is one of 954 00:26:01,680 --> 00:26:04,200 {\an8}the most costliest water 955 00:26:04,240 --> 00:26:05,920 {\an8}that you can get. 956 00:26:05,960 --> 00:26:07,280 {\an1}In terms of next innovations, 957 00:26:07,320 --> 00:26:09,160 {\an1}in terms of seawater treatment, 958 00:26:09,200 --> 00:26:10,280 {\an1}that's exactly where we are. 959 00:26:10,320 --> 00:26:12,640 We were talking about 960 00:26:10,320 --> 00:26:12,640 40 kilowatt hours 961 00:26:12,680 --> 00:26:16,320 {\an1}per meter cube of water 962 00:26:12,680 --> 00:26:16,320 {\an1}treated in the 1960s, '70s. 963 00:26:16,360 --> 00:26:19,240 {\an1}Now, we are talking about 964 00:26:16,360 --> 00:26:19,240 {\an1}less than four kilowatt hours 965 00:26:19,280 --> 00:26:22,280 {\an1}per meter cube which is 966 00:26:19,280 --> 00:26:22,280 {\an1}a 90% reduction in energy 967 00:26:22,320 --> 00:26:23,760 {\an1}for the same seawater treatment. 968 00:26:23,800 --> 00:26:28,400 {\an1}We are looking at technology 969 00:26:23,800 --> 00:26:28,400 {\an1}which is half that further. 970 00:26:28,440 --> 00:26:30,880 {\an1}We have an incredible 971 00:26:28,440 --> 00:26:30,880 {\an1}array of exciting innovations 972 00:26:30,920 --> 00:26:32,200 today at our disposal 973 00:26:32,240 --> 00:26:34,800 that we did not have 974 00:26:32,240 --> 00:26:34,800 20 or 30 years ago. 975 00:26:34,840 --> 00:26:38,040 {\an1}We can create biomaterials 976 00:26:34,840 --> 00:26:38,040 {\an1}from wastewater. 977 00:26:38,080 --> 00:26:40,320 We can turn wastewater 978 00:26:38,080 --> 00:26:40,320 into energy. 979 00:26:40,360 --> 00:26:43,080 We can purify water 980 00:26:40,360 --> 00:26:43,080 at a molecular level 981 00:26:43,120 --> 00:26:45,040 {\an1}to do things that we could 982 00:26:43,120 --> 00:26:45,040 {\an1}have only dreamed of doing 983 00:26:45,080 --> 00:26:46,960 a few decades ago. 984 00:26:47,000 --> 00:26:48,160 {\an1}[Narrator] At a leading 985 00:26:48,200 --> 00:26:50,080 water research 986 00:26:48,200 --> 00:26:50,080 center in Singapore, 987 00:26:50,120 --> 00:26:51,960 membrane technologies 988 00:26:52,000 --> 00:26:54,520 are also being employed 989 00:26:52,000 --> 00:26:54,520 to make dramatic leaps 990 00:26:54,560 --> 00:26:58,200 {\an1}in our ability to extract 991 00:26:54,560 --> 00:26:58,200 {\an1}freshwater from our oceans. 992 00:26:58,240 --> 00:27:01,440 {\an1}While advancements in 993 00:26:58,240 --> 00:27:01,440 {\an1}desalination will continue, 994 00:27:01,480 --> 00:27:04,320 {\an1}perhaps a simpler solution 995 00:27:01,480 --> 00:27:04,320 {\an1}may be closer to hand, 996 00:27:05,520 --> 00:27:08,040 reusing the water 997 00:27:05,520 --> 00:27:08,040 we already have. 998 00:27:11,080 --> 00:27:13,480 On the Pacific 999 00:27:11,080 --> 00:27:13,480 Coast of California, 1000 00:27:13,520 --> 00:27:16,480 {\an1}massive overuse of water 1001 00:27:13,520 --> 00:27:16,480 {\an1}due to population increase 1002 00:27:16,520 --> 00:27:20,640 {\an1}and industrial demands has 1003 00:27:16,520 --> 00:27:20,640 {\an1}caused record scarcities, 1004 00:27:20,680 --> 00:27:22,960 {\an1}sounding an alarm to the state 1005 00:27:23,000 --> 00:27:25,480 {\an1}that the old way of 1006 00:27:23,000 --> 00:27:25,480 {\an1}diverting water to the region 1007 00:27:25,520 --> 00:27:27,640 {\an1}is no longer a viable option. 1008 00:27:29,160 --> 00:27:32,600 {\an7}In Southern California, 1009 00:27:29,160 --> 00:27:32,600 {\an7}we have a very dry climate. 1010 00:27:32,640 --> 00:27:36,560 {\an1}We've become accustomed to a 1011 00:27:32,640 --> 00:27:36,560 {\an1}certain amount of lifestyle 1012 00:27:36,600 --> 00:27:37,760 and water usage, 1013 00:27:37,800 --> 00:27:40,480 relying upon outside 1014 00:27:37,800 --> 00:27:40,480 sources of water, 1015 00:27:40,520 --> 00:27:42,360 {\an1}namely from Northern California 1016 00:27:42,400 --> 00:27:44,240 {\an1}and from the Colorado River 1017 00:27:44,280 --> 00:27:47,440 through aqueducts that 1018 00:27:44,280 --> 00:27:47,440 were put in decades ago. 1019 00:27:47,480 --> 00:27:48,680 {\an1}When we started looking forward, 1020 00:27:48,720 --> 00:27:50,880 we knew that population 1021 00:27:48,720 --> 00:27:50,880 was gonna increase 1022 00:27:50,920 --> 00:27:54,200 {\an1}and outside sources are affected 1023 00:27:50,920 --> 00:27:54,200 {\an1}by the same drought here. 1024 00:27:55,920 --> 00:27:57,400 [Narrator] The 1025 00:27:55,920 --> 00:27:57,400 Colorado Aqueduct 1026 00:27:57,440 --> 00:27:59,720 transports water from 1027 00:27:57,440 --> 00:27:59,720 the Colorado River 1028 00:27:59,760 --> 00:28:01,600 to Southern California. 1029 00:28:01,640 --> 00:28:05,040 {\an1}The transport of water is 1030 00:28:01,640 --> 00:28:05,040 {\an1}extremely energy intensive, 1031 00:28:05,080 --> 00:28:06,680 costly, and now, 1032 00:28:06,720 --> 00:28:09,840 {\an1}unable to supply 1033 00:28:06,720 --> 00:28:09,840 {\an1}California's current demands. 1034 00:28:12,960 --> 00:28:15,600 {\an1}This used to be a 1035 00:28:12,960 --> 00:28:15,600 {\an1}heavily agricultural area. 1036 00:28:15,640 --> 00:28:16,920 It's called Orange 1037 00:28:15,640 --> 00:28:16,920 County for a reason. 1038 00:28:16,960 --> 00:28:20,560 It was full of orange 1039 00:28:16,960 --> 00:28:20,560 groves, soybean fields. 1040 00:28:20,600 --> 00:28:23,400 {\an7}There's a long time perception 1041 00:28:20,600 --> 00:28:23,400 {\an7}not just in California 1042 00:28:23,440 --> 00:28:26,640 {\an7}but in a lot of the U.S. that 1043 00:28:23,440 --> 00:28:26,640 {\an7}when you use groundwater, 1044 00:28:26,680 --> 00:28:28,320 {\an1}it's kind of a natural source. 1045 00:28:28,360 --> 00:28:30,520 It's usually free 1046 00:28:28,360 --> 00:28:30,520 from contamination. 1047 00:28:30,560 --> 00:28:32,080 {\an1}It's very good quality water. 1048 00:28:32,120 --> 00:28:34,880 That it will just 1049 00:28:32,120 --> 00:28:34,880 replenish itself, right? 1050 00:28:34,920 --> 00:28:36,360 {\an1}Nature will do that for you. 1051 00:28:36,400 --> 00:28:38,240 Rain, precipitation. 1052 00:28:38,280 --> 00:28:40,000 {\an1}It'll eventually recharge itself 1053 00:28:40,040 --> 00:28:42,520 to the point where we 1054 00:28:40,040 --> 00:28:42,520 can just keep using it. 1055 00:28:42,560 --> 00:28:44,680 {\an1}But natural precipitation 1056 00:28:42,560 --> 00:28:44,680 {\an1}is not enough. 1057 00:28:46,320 --> 00:28:49,480 {\an1}We can't rely upon nature alone. 1058 00:28:49,520 --> 00:28:51,160 We thought where 1059 00:28:49,520 --> 00:28:51,160 else could we look? 1060 00:28:51,200 --> 00:28:53,920 {\an1}So there's manmade ways that 1061 00:28:51,200 --> 00:28:53,920 {\an1}we can recharge the aquifer 1062 00:28:53,960 --> 00:28:55,960 to keep it sustainable, 1063 00:28:56,000 --> 00:28:57,600 {\an1}so that's when we thought okay, 1064 00:28:57,640 --> 00:28:59,800 {\an1}let's take on this wastewater. 1065 00:29:00,760 --> 00:29:03,680 [wondrous music plays] 1066 00:29:07,240 --> 00:29:09,000 [Narrator] Mehul's 1067 00:29:07,240 --> 00:29:09,000 team worked hard 1068 00:29:09,040 --> 00:29:10,640 {\an1}to persuade the government 1069 00:29:10,680 --> 00:29:13,960 {\an1}that using recycled water 1070 00:29:10,680 --> 00:29:13,960 {\an1}to refill the aquifers 1071 00:29:14,000 --> 00:29:17,400 {\an1}would enable Orange County to 1072 00:29:14,000 --> 00:29:17,400 {\an1}future proof their supplies 1073 00:29:17,440 --> 00:29:19,640 {\an1}and avoid another drought. 1074 00:29:22,800 --> 00:29:24,160 {\an1}This membrane technology's 1075 00:29:24,200 --> 00:29:26,560 very good at 1076 00:29:24,200 --> 00:29:26,560 removing contaminants 1077 00:29:26,600 --> 00:29:29,360 and purifying water 1078 00:29:26,600 --> 00:29:29,360 that was once thought 1079 00:29:29,400 --> 00:29:30,800 unable to be treated. 1080 00:29:32,440 --> 00:29:33,920 The great part about 1081 00:29:32,440 --> 00:29:33,920 putting it underground 1082 00:29:33,960 --> 00:29:35,880 {\an1}is we lose virtually nothing. 1083 00:29:35,920 --> 00:29:37,640 We actually lose more, 1084 00:29:37,680 --> 00:29:40,320 when you see a large 1085 00:29:37,680 --> 00:29:40,320 reservoir or a lake, 1086 00:29:40,360 --> 00:29:43,600 you love a good 1087 00:29:40,360 --> 00:29:43,600 5% to evaporation. 1088 00:29:43,640 --> 00:29:46,440 You almost have a 1089 00:29:43,640 --> 00:29:46,440 natural protective cap 1090 00:29:46,480 --> 00:29:48,880 {\an1}keeping it free from 1091 00:29:46,480 --> 00:29:48,880 {\an1}environmental contaminants, 1092 00:29:48,920 --> 00:29:52,720 {\an1}and so it's kind of nature's 1093 00:29:48,920 --> 00:29:52,720 {\an1}perfect storage bowl. 1094 00:29:52,760 --> 00:29:55,440 We kind of hit the 1095 00:29:52,760 --> 00:29:55,440 geological jackpot 1096 00:29:55,480 --> 00:29:58,760 {\an1}by having this large 1097 00:29:55,480 --> 00:29:58,760 {\an1}natural underground aquifer 1098 00:29:58,800 --> 00:30:00,240 that as long as we 1099 00:29:58,800 --> 00:30:00,240 take care of it, 1100 00:30:00,280 --> 00:30:02,520 can sustain all 1101 00:30:00,280 --> 00:30:02,520 of our population. 1102 00:30:03,840 --> 00:30:05,840 {\an1}[Narrator] Of course, in 1103 00:30:03,840 --> 00:30:05,840 {\an1}many parts of the world, 1104 00:30:05,880 --> 00:30:09,760 {\an1}large cities are continuing 1105 00:30:05,880 --> 00:30:09,760 {\an1}to deplete groundwater levels. 1106 00:30:09,800 --> 00:30:12,720 {\an1}While governments struggle to 1107 00:30:09,800 --> 00:30:12,720 {\an1}get a handle on the problem, 1108 00:30:12,760 --> 00:30:14,920 that's where 1109 00:30:12,760 --> 00:30:14,920 industry can step up. 1110 00:30:16,280 --> 00:30:19,640 {\an4}Mexico City, with its 1111 00:30:16,280 --> 00:30:19,640 {\an1}population of 20 million 1112 00:30:16,280 --> 00:30:19,640 {\an1}people, 1113 00:30:19,680 --> 00:30:22,480 is literally sinking 1114 00:30:19,680 --> 00:30:22,480 under its own weight, 1115 00:30:22,520 --> 00:30:25,720 causing roads and 1116 00:30:22,520 --> 00:30:25,720 buildings to crumble. 1117 00:30:25,760 --> 00:30:29,640 {\an1}Relying on governments to 1118 00:30:25,760 --> 00:30:29,640 {\an1}solve the problem isn't enough. 1119 00:30:29,680 --> 00:30:31,760 {\an1}To make a major 1120 00:30:29,680 --> 00:30:31,760 {\an1}impact worldwide 1121 00:30:31,800 --> 00:30:33,680 will require the 1122 00:30:31,800 --> 00:30:33,680 progressive engagement 1123 00:30:33,720 --> 00:30:36,240 of some of the world's 1124 00:30:33,720 --> 00:30:36,240 biggest users of water. 1125 00:30:37,520 --> 00:30:38,800 {\an1}Industries need to rise up 1126 00:30:38,840 --> 00:30:40,800 to bring this in the 1127 00:30:38,840 --> 00:30:40,800 center of the agenda, 1128 00:30:40,840 --> 00:30:43,800 {\an1}invest in technologies to 1129 00:30:40,840 --> 00:30:43,800 {\an1}reuse water or recycle water, 1130 00:30:43,840 --> 00:30:46,000 save water so that 1131 00:30:43,840 --> 00:30:46,000 the future generations 1132 00:30:46,040 --> 00:30:47,240 are not in a bad place. 1133 00:30:48,440 --> 00:30:49,880 [Narrator] 1134 00:30:48,440 --> 00:30:49,880 Industrial production 1135 00:30:49,920 --> 00:30:52,680 {\an1}frequently involves water 1136 00:30:49,920 --> 00:30:52,680 {\an1}usage on a massive scale. 1137 00:30:54,400 --> 00:30:57,760 {\an1}Whilst the cosmetics industry 1138 00:30:54,400 --> 00:30:57,760 {\an1}isn't the biggest offender, 1139 00:30:57,800 --> 00:31:00,160 innovation and processes 1140 00:30:57,800 --> 00:31:00,160 here have begun 1141 00:31:00,200 --> 00:31:02,000 {\an1}that could influence 1142 00:31:00,200 --> 00:31:02,000 water usage 1143 00:31:02,040 --> 00:31:03,880 {\an1}in many areas of manufacturing. 1144 00:31:05,080 --> 00:31:07,160 Because cleaning 1145 00:31:05,080 --> 00:31:07,160 equipment between cycles 1146 00:31:07,200 --> 00:31:10,200 {\an1}is the most water intensive 1147 00:31:07,200 --> 00:31:10,200 {\an1}part of production, 1148 00:31:10,240 --> 00:31:13,400 {\an1}it is here where the 1149 00:31:10,240 --> 00:31:13,400 {\an1}cosmetics company L'Oreal 1150 00:31:13,440 --> 00:31:14,840 {\an1}have made the most change. 1151 00:31:16,600 --> 00:31:18,680 {\an8}I think for us, 1152 00:31:16,600 --> 00:31:18,680 {\an8}it's a company. 1153 00:31:18,720 --> 00:31:19,760 {\an8}Water is important 1154 00:31:19,800 --> 00:31:22,600 {\an8}because we need it to 1155 00:31:19,800 --> 00:31:22,600 {\an8}operate effectively. 1156 00:31:23,920 --> 00:31:26,880 {\an8}And in the areas where 1157 00:31:23,920 --> 00:31:26,880 {\an8}water is critical, 1158 00:31:26,920 --> 00:31:28,680 {\an1}we have to do all what we can 1159 00:31:28,720 --> 00:31:31,840 to reduce our impact 1160 00:31:28,720 --> 00:31:31,840 on these communities, 1161 00:31:31,880 --> 00:31:34,760 {\an1}on these regions by water using. 1162 00:31:34,800 --> 00:31:37,000 {\an1}So we have to reduce our water. 1163 00:31:40,920 --> 00:31:42,640 {\an1}We started with water efficiency 1164 00:31:42,680 --> 00:31:44,760 {\an1}to reduce our water needs, 1165 00:31:44,800 --> 00:31:48,200 then to reduce water 1166 00:31:44,800 --> 00:31:48,200 that we cannot reuse, 1167 00:31:48,240 --> 00:31:49,800 and then to recycle. 1168 00:31:49,840 --> 00:31:53,240 {\an1}And we saw that water 1169 00:31:49,840 --> 00:31:53,240 {\an1}efficiency is not enough, 1170 00:31:53,280 --> 00:31:55,480 so we started to 1171 00:31:53,280 --> 00:31:55,480 think what can we do? 1172 00:31:56,840 --> 00:31:59,960 {\an1}And it was so obvious because 1173 00:31:56,840 --> 00:31:59,960 {\an1}we discharge it wastewater. 1174 00:32:01,640 --> 00:32:04,240 {\an1}In nature, no water is wasted. 1175 00:32:04,280 --> 00:32:08,080 We picked this as our 1176 00:32:04,280 --> 00:32:08,080 resource for freshwater 1177 00:32:08,120 --> 00:32:09,840 to replace city water. 1178 00:32:09,880 --> 00:32:12,840 Then we came up with 1179 00:32:09,880 --> 00:32:12,840 recycling projects. 1180 00:32:13,760 --> 00:32:15,240 At the end of 2018, 1181 00:32:15,280 --> 00:32:19,800 {\an1}we had about 12 plants already 1182 00:32:15,280 --> 00:32:19,800 {\an1}running with recycling. 1183 00:32:21,960 --> 00:32:24,880 Based on these 1184 00:32:21,960 --> 00:32:24,880 positive experiences 1185 00:32:24,920 --> 00:32:26,920 {\an1}with the recycling systems, 1186 00:32:26,960 --> 00:32:30,000 we wanted to push the 1187 00:32:26,960 --> 00:32:30,000 system a little further 1188 00:32:30,040 --> 00:32:32,640 and we developed the 1189 00:32:30,040 --> 00:32:32,640 concept of dry factory. 1190 00:32:37,440 --> 00:32:38,800 {\an7}[Narrator] Dry factory means 1191 00:32:38,840 --> 00:32:42,480 {\an7}that 100% of the water needs 1192 00:32:38,840 --> 00:32:42,480 {\an7}for an industrial process 1193 00:32:42,520 --> 00:32:45,800 {\an7}is covered by the reuse of 1194 00:32:42,520 --> 00:32:45,800 {\an7}treated and recycled water. 1195 00:32:47,880 --> 00:32:50,920 {\an7}No city water is now 1196 00:32:47,880 --> 00:32:50,920 {\an7}necessary for this purpose, 1197 00:32:50,960 --> 00:32:53,120 {\an7}cutting down on water 1198 00:32:50,960 --> 00:32:53,120 {\an7}consumption dramatically. 1199 00:32:54,680 --> 00:32:56,960 {\an1}Now, we are rolling out 1200 00:32:54,680 --> 00:32:56,960 {\an1}the dry factory concept 1201 00:32:58,440 --> 00:33:01,880 {\an1}with priority to high 1202 00:32:58,440 --> 00:33:01,880 {\an1}water consuming factories 1203 00:33:01,920 --> 00:33:05,680 and factories 1204 00:33:01,920 --> 00:33:05,680 operating in regions 1205 00:33:05,720 --> 00:33:10,280 {\an1}where water is a critical 1206 00:33:05,720 --> 00:33:10,280 {\an1}issue like here in Mexico. 1207 00:33:15,880 --> 00:33:18,600 [Narrator] If industry 1208 00:33:15,880 --> 00:33:18,600 follows this leadership, 1209 00:33:18,640 --> 00:33:20,960 {\an1}the global water consumption 1210 00:33:18,640 --> 00:33:20,960 {\an1}for manufacturing 1211 00:33:21,000 --> 00:33:24,880 {\an1}could be drastically 1212 00:33:21,000 --> 00:33:24,880 {\an1}reduced by as much as 90%, 1213 00:33:24,920 --> 00:33:26,840 depending on the 1214 00:33:24,920 --> 00:33:26,840 type of industry. 1215 00:33:26,880 --> 00:33:28,320 {\an1}We don't have the choice. 1216 00:33:29,560 --> 00:33:31,560 We have to reduce our 1217 00:33:29,560 --> 00:33:31,560 environmental impact. 1218 00:33:31,600 --> 00:33:33,080 There is not a plan B. 1219 00:33:33,120 --> 00:33:36,480 Everyone has to be 1220 00:33:33,120 --> 00:33:36,480 aware and to contribute. 1221 00:33:37,960 --> 00:33:40,880 [deliberative music plays] 1222 00:33:43,600 --> 00:33:45,080 [Narrator] Cosmetic 1223 00:33:43,600 --> 00:33:45,080 manufacturing 1224 00:33:45,120 --> 00:33:48,440 {\an1}is only one of many water 1225 00:33:45,120 --> 00:33:48,440 {\an1}intensive industries. 1226 00:33:53,760 --> 00:33:57,680 {\an1}For example, textile 1227 00:33:53,760 --> 00:33:57,680 {\an1}companies like those in India 1228 00:33:57,720 --> 00:34:00,800 are some of the largest 1229 00:33:57,720 --> 00:34:00,800 consumers of water. 1230 00:34:00,840 --> 00:34:02,840 And many of them have 1231 00:34:00,840 --> 00:34:02,840 been major contributors 1232 00:34:02,880 --> 00:34:04,160 to regional pollution. 1233 00:34:05,600 --> 00:34:09,520 {\an1}Poisoning water with dyes, 1234 00:34:05,600 --> 00:34:09,520 {\an1}bleaches, and other chemicals, 1235 00:34:09,560 --> 00:34:12,240 {\an1}and leaving their citizens 1236 00:34:09,560 --> 00:34:12,240 {\an1}without usable water. 1237 00:34:16,920 --> 00:34:19,600 In 2010, the 1238 00:34:16,920 --> 00:34:19,600 {\an1}government demanded 1239 00:34:19,640 --> 00:34:21,600 that all dyeing 1240 00:34:19,640 --> 00:34:21,600 and bleaching units 1241 00:34:21,640 --> 00:34:24,160 must either clean 1242 00:34:21,640 --> 00:34:24,160 up or close up, 1243 00:34:24,200 --> 00:34:26,640 threatening 55,000 jobs. 1244 00:34:26,680 --> 00:34:29,640 One textile factory 1245 00:34:26,680 --> 00:34:29,640 owner in Southern India 1246 00:34:29,680 --> 00:34:31,320 rose to the challenge, 1247 00:34:31,360 --> 00:34:33,480 discovering a 1248 00:34:31,360 --> 00:34:33,480 sustainable solution 1249 00:34:33,520 --> 00:34:36,400 {\an1}and setting an example for 1250 00:34:33,520 --> 00:34:36,400 {\an1}other factories in the region. 1251 00:34:36,440 --> 00:34:38,400 {\an8}In 2010 and all, 1252 00:34:38,440 --> 00:34:41,640 {\an7}there was a heavy problem 1253 00:34:38,440 --> 00:34:41,640 {\an7}related to effluent. 1254 00:34:41,680 --> 00:34:44,400 {\an1}There was untreated effluent 1255 00:34:41,680 --> 00:34:44,400 {\an1}which was discharged. 1256 00:34:44,440 --> 00:34:46,520 {\an1}The rivers were in color. 1257 00:34:49,120 --> 00:34:50,600 {\an7}[speaking in foreign language] 1258 00:34:50,640 --> 00:34:54,400 {\an7}Because of dyeing factories 1259 00:34:50,640 --> 00:34:54,400 {\an7}and chemical factories 1260 00:34:54,440 --> 00:34:57,320 {\an7}chemicals were discharged into 1261 00:34:54,440 --> 00:34:57,320 {\an8}the Noyal river. 1262 00:34:57,360 --> 00:34:59,560 {\an7}If we walked into the river, we 1263 00:34:57,360 --> 00:34:59,560 {\an7}would get all sorts of diseases. 1264 00:34:59,600 --> 00:35:04,520 {\an8}Our feet and legs would 1265 00:34:59,600 --> 00:35:04,520 {\an8}be in pain 1266 00:35:04,560 --> 00:35:06,640 {\an7}and have a burning sensation 1267 00:35:10,640 --> 00:35:12,400 {\an1}Now, we are putting on 1268 00:35:10,640 --> 00:35:12,400 {\an1}continuous efforts and our 1269 00:35:12,440 --> 00:35:14,960 technologies are 1270 00:35:12,440 --> 00:35:14,960 getting updated. 1271 00:35:17,200 --> 00:35:19,840 The river which was 1272 00:35:17,200 --> 00:35:19,840 colored two decades ago, 1273 00:35:19,880 --> 00:35:22,560 {\an1}now, it is all fresh and clean. 1274 00:35:22,600 --> 00:35:25,400 And now, it is a total 1275 00:35:22,600 --> 00:35:25,400 zero discharge unit. 1276 00:35:30,960 --> 00:35:32,560 [Narrator] Water 1277 00:35:30,960 --> 00:35:32,560 from the dyeing process 1278 00:35:32,600 --> 00:35:35,440 including bleach, 1279 00:35:32,600 --> 00:35:35,440 chemicals, and salts 1280 00:35:35,480 --> 00:35:36,760 is now treated 1281 00:35:36,800 --> 00:35:39,600 instead of being flushed 1282 00:35:36,800 --> 00:35:39,600 into local waterways. 1283 00:35:39,640 --> 00:35:41,920 And instead of taking 1284 00:35:39,640 --> 00:35:41,920 water from the rivers, 1285 00:35:41,960 --> 00:35:45,160 Rahul's company is 1286 00:35:41,960 --> 00:35:45,160 reusing over 90% 1287 00:35:45,200 --> 00:35:47,200 {\an1}of its textile 1288 00:35:45,200 --> 00:35:47,200 {\an1}processing water. 1289 00:35:48,320 --> 00:35:49,200 {\an7}[speaking in foreign language] 1290 00:35:49,240 --> 00:35:50,800 {\an7}Now the situation is much 1291 00:35:49,240 --> 00:35:50,800 {\an8}better 1292 00:35:50,840 --> 00:35:52,320 {\an7}compared to even five 1293 00:35:50,840 --> 00:35:52,320 {\an8}years back 1294 00:35:54,320 --> 00:35:56,680 {\an1}Effluent from our factory 1295 00:35:54,320 --> 00:35:56,680 {\an1}which has brine in it, 1296 00:35:56,720 --> 00:35:58,880 {\an1}colors in it, salts in it, 1297 00:35:58,920 --> 00:36:01,160 that is taken to a plant 1298 00:36:01,200 --> 00:36:03,880 {\an1}wherein it is stored for 1299 00:36:01,200 --> 00:36:03,880 {\an1}about 24 hours in the bio. 1300 00:36:03,920 --> 00:36:05,440 {\an1}There, it is all treated. 1301 00:36:05,480 --> 00:36:08,600 {\an1}It is taken to the softening 1302 00:36:05,480 --> 00:36:08,600 {\an1}plant and then to the membrane. 1303 00:36:08,640 --> 00:36:12,080 {\an1}From the membrane, we 1304 00:36:08,640 --> 00:36:12,080 {\an1}get all the reused water. 1305 00:36:12,120 --> 00:36:14,120 {\an1}And the reject from that 1306 00:36:12,120 --> 00:36:14,120 {\an1}is taken to the evaporator 1307 00:36:14,160 --> 00:36:18,440 wherein we get the salt 1308 00:36:14,160 --> 00:36:18,440 of the crystallization. 1309 00:36:18,480 --> 00:36:20,040 {\an1}The water from the membrane 1310 00:36:20,080 --> 00:36:23,640 and the salt from the 1311 00:36:20,080 --> 00:36:23,640 evaporator is used here. 1312 00:36:24,960 --> 00:36:26,880 {\an1}Ninety percent of the water 1313 00:36:24,960 --> 00:36:26,880 is returned. 1314 00:36:27,640 --> 00:36:29,720 Everyone is 1315 00:36:27,640 --> 00:36:29,720 participating together. 1316 00:36:29,760 --> 00:36:33,720 {\an1}The chemical, the dyer, 1317 00:36:29,760 --> 00:36:33,720 {\an1}and the membrane suppliers, 1318 00:36:33,760 --> 00:36:37,120 {\an1}so it is all in a chain that 1319 00:36:33,760 --> 00:36:37,120 {\an1}we are developing ourselves. 1320 00:36:39,960 --> 00:36:44,240 {\an1}We are trying to keep our 1321 00:36:39,960 --> 00:36:44,240 {\an1}industry environment friendly. 1322 00:36:44,280 --> 00:36:46,200 {\an1}I think it is high time now 1323 00:36:46,240 --> 00:36:49,280 {\an1}that everyone will have to 1324 00:36:46,240 --> 00:36:49,280 {\an1}realize and start doing it. 1325 00:36:49,320 --> 00:36:52,400 No one can dodge 1326 00:36:49,320 --> 00:36:52,400 with this anymore. 1327 00:36:55,880 --> 00:36:58,880 [deliberative music plays] 1328 00:37:03,640 --> 00:37:04,960 [Narrator] In 1329 00:37:03,640 --> 00:37:04,960 another part of India, 1330 00:37:05,000 --> 00:37:07,600 the problem wasn't 1331 00:37:05,000 --> 00:37:07,600 pollution but supply. 1332 00:37:08,840 --> 00:37:11,800 In 2019, a city of 1333 00:37:08,840 --> 00:37:11,800 10 million people 1334 00:37:11,840 --> 00:37:14,120 experienced what was 1335 00:37:11,840 --> 00:37:14,120 once unthinkable, 1336 00:37:14,160 --> 00:37:17,280 but is now becoming 1337 00:37:14,160 --> 00:37:17,280 increasingly common, 1338 00:37:17,320 --> 00:37:18,720 day zero, 1339 00:37:18,760 --> 00:37:22,000 when a city simply runs 1340 00:37:18,760 --> 00:37:22,000 out of drinking water. 1341 00:37:22,040 --> 00:37:25,000 Everyone is after one 1342 00:37:22,040 --> 00:37:25,000 thing only in Chennai 1343 00:37:25,040 --> 00:37:26,640 and that is water. 1344 00:37:28,760 --> 00:37:31,720 {\an8}Chennai is facing a 1345 00:37:28,760 --> 00:37:31,720 {\an8}lot of water crisis. 1346 00:37:31,760 --> 00:37:32,880 {\an8}Last year, we didn't 1347 00:37:31,760 --> 00:37:32,880 {\an8}have rains at all. 1348 00:37:32,920 --> 00:37:34,400 Groundwater is not there 1349 00:37:34,440 --> 00:37:36,720 and rainwater is 1350 00:37:34,440 --> 00:37:36,720 not treated properly 1351 00:37:36,760 --> 00:37:40,480 and it's not connected 1352 00:37:36,760 --> 00:37:40,480 to all the sources. 1353 00:37:40,520 --> 00:37:43,040 And many apartments 1354 00:37:40,520 --> 00:37:43,040 have to rely on tankers 1355 00:37:43,080 --> 00:37:44,360 {\an1}to supply them for water. 1356 00:37:45,800 --> 00:37:48,840 Recently, there was 1357 00:37:45,800 --> 00:37:48,840 a water tanker strike 1358 00:37:48,880 --> 00:37:50,560 for four or five days. 1359 00:37:50,600 --> 00:37:52,520 They are left without 1360 00:37:50,600 --> 00:37:52,520 having any water. 1361 00:37:54,000 --> 00:37:58,040 -[horns blaring] 1362 00:37:54,000 --> 00:37:58,040 -[intense music plays] 1363 00:37:58,080 --> 00:37:59,760 {\an1}Day by day, it is getting worse, 1364 00:37:59,800 --> 00:38:02,800 so people need to just 1365 00:37:59,800 --> 00:38:02,800 do something about it. 1366 00:38:04,560 --> 00:38:07,120 {\an1}[Narrator] Unlike most of 1367 00:38:04,560 --> 00:38:07,120 {\an1}Chennai's 10 million locals 1368 00:38:07,160 --> 00:38:10,560 {\an1}who were desperate for water 1369 00:38:07,160 --> 00:38:10,560 {\an1}in the face of this crisis, 1370 00:38:10,600 --> 00:38:14,080 {\an1}the almost 200 families in 1371 00:38:10,600 --> 00:38:14,080 {\an1}this Chennai apartment are not. 1372 00:38:15,040 --> 00:38:16,440 How did these residents 1373 00:38:16,480 --> 00:38:19,800 avoid purchasing costly 1374 00:38:16,480 --> 00:38:19,800 water from tankers? 1375 00:38:19,840 --> 00:38:20,800 Resourcefulness. 1376 00:38:20,840 --> 00:38:22,040 See, as a teenager, 1377 00:38:22,080 --> 00:38:23,640 I've never thought 1378 00:38:22,080 --> 00:38:23,640 about it much. 1379 00:38:23,680 --> 00:38:25,080 But as a mother, 1380 00:38:25,120 --> 00:38:28,360 {\an1}I want to give important things 1381 00:38:25,120 --> 00:38:28,360 {\an1}like clean water to my kid. 1382 00:38:29,360 --> 00:38:30,720 We went door to door 1383 00:38:30,760 --> 00:38:32,720 {\an1}explaining why we should 1384 00:38:30,760 --> 00:38:32,720 {\an1}have rainwater harvesting 1385 00:38:32,760 --> 00:38:34,880 and how it is 1386 00:38:32,760 --> 00:38:34,880 supposed to be done. 1387 00:38:34,920 --> 00:38:36,760 {\an1}Now, they're all trained up. 1388 00:38:36,800 --> 00:38:37,760 Everybody's doing that. 1389 00:38:44,840 --> 00:38:47,320 {\an1}As a committee of commitment, 1390 00:38:47,360 --> 00:38:48,960 {\an8}we decided that we 1391 00:38:47,360 --> 00:38:48,960 {\an8}are not going to 1392 00:38:49,000 --> 00:38:50,600 {\an7}buy a single drop of water. 1393 00:38:51,920 --> 00:38:54,720 So we have decided we 1394 00:38:51,920 --> 00:38:54,720 are going to upgrade 1395 00:38:54,760 --> 00:38:56,760 {\an1}our sewage treatment plant. 1396 00:38:56,800 --> 00:38:59,600 {\an1}We are going to upgrade 1397 00:38:56,800 --> 00:38:59,600 {\an1}our water treatment plant. 1398 00:38:59,640 --> 00:39:03,960 {\an1}We are going to upgrade 1399 00:38:59,640 --> 00:39:03,960 {\an1}our rain harvesting system. 1400 00:39:06,680 --> 00:39:09,880 It all goes through the 1401 00:39:06,680 --> 00:39:09,880 rain harvesting trenches 1402 00:39:09,920 --> 00:39:11,480 {\an1}and it will lead to the well 1403 00:39:11,520 --> 00:39:14,440 {\an1}so that we are using the 1404 00:39:11,520 --> 00:39:14,440 {\an1}water within our complex. 1405 00:39:18,440 --> 00:39:20,440 All this "upgradeation," 1406 00:39:20,480 --> 00:39:23,800 well, it has given us 1407 00:39:20,480 --> 00:39:23,800 a fantastic result. 1408 00:39:31,280 --> 00:39:32,560 You can see behind me, 1409 00:39:32,600 --> 00:39:35,880 there is a beautiful 1410 00:39:32,600 --> 00:39:35,880 large green garden. 1411 00:39:35,920 --> 00:39:36,960 You may be thinking 1412 00:39:37,000 --> 00:39:38,760 from where you are 1413 00:39:37,000 --> 00:39:38,760 getting this much water 1414 00:39:38,800 --> 00:39:41,800 to make this greenery? 1415 00:39:41,840 --> 00:39:44,920 Absolutely, this is 1416 00:39:41,840 --> 00:39:44,920 not here groundwater. 1417 00:39:44,960 --> 00:39:46,240 This is water 1418 00:39:46,280 --> 00:39:49,920 which we reused from the 1419 00:39:46,280 --> 00:39:49,920 sewage treatment plant, 1420 00:39:49,960 --> 00:39:51,840 {\an1}so it looks lush and green. 1421 00:39:54,920 --> 00:39:56,720 {\an1}When I look through my window, 1422 00:39:56,760 --> 00:39:58,880 seeing all the other 1423 00:39:56,760 --> 00:39:58,880 communities close by, 1424 00:40:00,200 --> 00:40:02,880 {\an1}I wonder if they have the 1425 00:40:00,200 --> 00:40:02,880 {\an1}same water management system 1426 00:40:02,920 --> 00:40:04,920 {\an1}as we do here in our community 1427 00:40:04,960 --> 00:40:08,120 {\an1}that would help solve all 1428 00:40:04,960 --> 00:40:08,120 {\an1}the water crisis problems. 1429 00:40:10,160 --> 00:40:13,360 We feel every drop 1430 00:40:10,160 --> 00:40:13,360 of water is so valuable 1431 00:40:13,400 --> 00:40:14,920 {\an1}and we are not letting it waste. 1432 00:40:15,960 --> 00:40:17,240 {\an1}It's a win-win situation. 1433 00:40:20,640 --> 00:40:23,160 Once you start to deal 1434 00:40:20,640 --> 00:40:23,160 with water more locally, 1435 00:40:23,200 --> 00:40:24,520 and that's a systems 1436 00:40:23,200 --> 00:40:24,520 level change, 1437 00:40:24,560 --> 00:40:25,800 not a technology change, 1438 00:40:25,840 --> 00:40:27,080 {\an1}you reduce the capital costs 1439 00:40:27,120 --> 00:40:30,000 {\an1}and you make it much 1440 00:40:27,120 --> 00:40:30,000 {\an1}easier to reuse that water. 1441 00:40:30,040 --> 00:40:31,960 {\an8}I go back to the 1442 00:40:30,040 --> 00:40:31,960 {\an8}issue of scarcity. 1443 00:40:32,000 --> 00:40:34,040 {\an8}Water reuse, we believe, 1444 00:40:34,080 --> 00:40:36,960 {\an8}is one of the smartest 1445 00:40:34,080 --> 00:40:36,960 {\an8}most efficient ways 1446 00:40:37,000 --> 00:40:38,640 {\an7}for us to deal with that issue. 1447 00:40:38,680 --> 00:40:40,440 {\an8}So more and more 1448 00:40:38,680 --> 00:40:40,440 {\an8}of the landscape 1449 00:40:40,480 --> 00:40:43,120 {\an1}is moving into indirect reuse 1450 00:40:43,160 --> 00:40:45,440 and going to full 1451 00:40:43,160 --> 00:40:45,440 water recycling. 1452 00:40:46,600 --> 00:40:47,960 {\an1}[Narrator] In California, 1453 00:40:48,000 --> 00:40:50,880 {\an1}we saw water conservation 1454 00:40:48,000 --> 00:40:50,880 {\an1}at a municipal scale. 1455 00:40:50,920 --> 00:40:52,240 And in India, 1456 00:40:52,280 --> 00:40:54,880 we saw Chennai residents 1457 00:40:52,280 --> 00:40:54,880 of the building complex 1458 00:40:54,920 --> 00:40:58,000 taking water supply 1459 00:40:54,920 --> 00:40:58,000 into their own hands. 1460 00:40:58,040 --> 00:41:01,360 But could that be scaled 1461 00:40:58,040 --> 00:41:01,360 down even further? 1462 00:41:01,400 --> 00:41:02,680 Absolutely. 1463 00:41:02,720 --> 00:41:05,200 [upbeat music plays] 1464 00:41:06,640 --> 00:41:08,160 Here in the Netherlands, 1465 00:41:08,200 --> 00:41:10,920 {\an8}a group called the 1466 00:41:08,200 --> 00:41:10,920 {\an8}Dutch Water Alliance 1467 00:41:10,960 --> 00:41:13,400 {\an7}has introduced 1468 00:41:10,960 --> 00:41:13,400 {\an7}groundbreaking technology 1469 00:41:13,440 --> 00:41:17,560 {\an7}that allows us to recycle water 1470 00:41:13,440 --> 00:41:17,560 {\an7}right inside our own homes. 1471 00:41:20,920 --> 00:41:22,280 {\an8}You see in industry, 1472 00:41:22,320 --> 00:41:25,240 {\an8}measures are being 1473 00:41:22,320 --> 00:41:25,240 {\an8}taken to use less water. 1474 00:41:25,280 --> 00:41:26,560 {\an7}You see it in agriculture. 1475 00:41:26,600 --> 00:41:29,520 {\an8}And so now, it's up 1476 00:41:26,600 --> 00:41:29,520 {\an8}to us and consumers. 1477 00:41:29,560 --> 00:41:30,520 {\an7}And we're wasting so much water 1478 00:41:30,560 --> 00:41:32,520 {\an8}and it's so easy 1479 00:41:32,560 --> 00:41:34,920 because the water source 1480 00:41:32,560 --> 00:41:34,920 is already at our house. 1481 00:41:36,840 --> 00:41:40,800 {\an1}The Hydraloop is a residential 1482 00:41:36,840 --> 00:41:40,800 {\an1}gray water recycling system, 1483 00:41:40,840 --> 00:41:44,000 {\an1}so it recycles water from bath, 1484 00:41:40,840 --> 00:41:44,000 {\an1}shower, and washing machine, 1485 00:41:44,040 --> 00:41:47,160 {\an1}purifies it so it can be reused 1486 00:41:44,040 --> 00:41:47,160 {\an1}again for toilet flushing, 1487 00:41:47,200 --> 00:41:49,360 washing machine, garden, 1488 00:41:47,200 --> 00:41:49,360 and swimming pool. 1489 00:41:52,080 --> 00:41:54,080 We've created a very new 1490 00:41:54,120 --> 00:41:55,960 and innovative way of 1491 00:41:54,120 --> 00:41:55,960 cleaning the water. 1492 00:41:56,000 --> 00:41:58,120 We're using six 1493 00:41:56,000 --> 00:41:58,120 existing techniques. 1494 00:41:58,160 --> 00:42:00,040 {\an1}We've combined them into one. 1495 00:42:00,080 --> 00:42:01,760 And they're all very 1496 00:42:00,080 --> 00:42:01,760 simple techniques, 1497 00:42:01,800 --> 00:42:02,960 and altogether, 1498 00:42:03,000 --> 00:42:04,920 they treat the 1499 00:42:03,000 --> 00:42:04,920 water in such a way 1500 00:42:04,960 --> 00:42:05,920 {\an1}that is clean, clear, and safe, 1501 00:42:05,960 --> 00:42:07,040 {\an1}and it's actually certified 1502 00:42:07,080 --> 00:42:09,080 to the highest 1503 00:42:07,080 --> 00:42:09,080 international standards 1504 00:42:09,120 --> 00:42:11,280 {\an1}so it can be reused again. 1505 00:42:14,120 --> 00:42:15,120 {\an8}Within once month, 1506 00:42:15,160 --> 00:42:17,560 {\an8}we saved up to 3,000 1507 00:42:15,160 --> 00:42:17,560 {\an8}liters of water. 1508 00:42:18,760 --> 00:42:21,080 {\an8}And that's a lot 1509 00:42:18,760 --> 00:42:21,080 {\an8}of water actually. 1510 00:42:21,120 --> 00:42:26,120 {\an7}And so annually, we save up 1511 00:42:21,120 --> 00:42:26,120 {\an7}to 30,000 liters of water. 1512 00:42:27,080 --> 00:42:28,000 It is our vision 1513 00:42:27,080 --> 00:42:28,000 that in 20 years time, 1514 00:42:28,040 --> 00:42:29,200 no house shall be built 1515 00:42:29,240 --> 00:42:31,400 {\an1}without its own residential 1516 00:42:29,240 --> 00:42:31,400 {\an1}water recycling. 1517 00:42:31,440 --> 00:42:35,800 {\an8}I think if we don't 1518 00:42:31,440 --> 00:42:35,800 {\an8}start living sustainable 1519 00:42:35,840 --> 00:42:38,760 {\an8}and also water is 1520 00:42:35,840 --> 00:42:38,760 {\an8}a part of that, 1521 00:42:38,800 --> 00:42:40,600 {\an7}it will be a disaster in the end 1522 00:42:40,640 --> 00:42:43,080 {\an7}for the whole world I think. 1523 00:42:43,120 --> 00:42:44,640 In 10 years time, 1524 00:42:44,680 --> 00:42:45,960 {\an1}there will be 8.5 billion 1525 00:42:44,680 --> 00:42:45,960 {\an1}people on this planet. 1526 00:42:46,000 --> 00:42:48,320 And if only 5% of those 1527 00:42:48,360 --> 00:42:50,920 will be recycling 1528 00:42:48,360 --> 00:42:50,920 their water in house, 1529 00:42:50,960 --> 00:42:52,520 {\an1}it will actually stop the growth 1530 00:42:52,560 --> 00:42:55,160 {\an1}of water uptake on this planet. 1531 00:42:55,200 --> 00:42:59,040 {\an1}That really is the power of 1532 00:42:55,200 --> 00:42:59,040 {\an1}residential water recycling. 1533 00:43:03,880 --> 00:43:06,440 [faint radio chatter] 1534 00:43:06,480 --> 00:43:07,720 {\an1}[Male Speaker] Five, [beeping] 1535 00:43:07,760 --> 00:43:09,080 four, [beeping] 1536 00:43:09,120 --> 00:43:10,520 three. [beeping] 1537 00:43:10,560 --> 00:43:12,280 {\an1}[Narrator] Many innovations 1538 00:43:10,560 --> 00:43:12,280 {\an1}in water filtration 1539 00:43:12,320 --> 00:43:14,120 {\an1}were developed for applications 1540 00:43:14,160 --> 00:43:17,960 {\an1}far away from the blue 1541 00:43:14,160 --> 00:43:17,960 {\an1}planet we seek to preserve. 1542 00:43:23,200 --> 00:43:25,600 {\an1}To deliver water to the 1543 00:43:23,200 --> 00:43:25,600 {\an1}International Space Station 1544 00:43:25,640 --> 00:43:27,000 is very, very expensive. 1545 00:43:27,040 --> 00:43:28,920 It's tens of 1546 00:43:27,040 --> 00:43:28,920 thousands of dollars 1547 00:43:28,960 --> 00:43:30,480 {\an1}per liter to get it up there. 1548 00:43:34,120 --> 00:43:36,240 Water recycling's a big 1549 00:43:34,120 --> 00:43:36,240 part of NASA's program. 1550 00:43:36,280 --> 00:43:39,080 {\an5}For instance, on the 1551 00:43:36,280 --> 00:43:39,080 International Space 1552 00:43:36,280 --> 00:43:39,080 Station right now, 1553 00:43:39,120 --> 00:43:41,800 the only sources of 1554 00:43:39,120 --> 00:43:41,800 water are recycled urine 1555 00:43:41,840 --> 00:43:43,560 {\an1}and recycled humidity condensate 1556 00:43:43,600 --> 00:43:44,880 which is the water 1557 00:43:43,600 --> 00:43:44,880 in your breath 1558 00:43:44,920 --> 00:43:46,720 that you generate 1559 00:43:44,920 --> 00:43:46,720 from eating foods. 1560 00:43:48,920 --> 00:43:50,840 {\an1}We've developed some 1561 00:43:48,920 --> 00:43:50,840 {\an1}technologies that are associated 1562 00:43:50,880 --> 00:43:54,040 {\an1}with mimicking the function 1563 00:43:50,880 --> 00:43:54,040 {\an1}of your small intestine. 1564 00:43:54,080 --> 00:43:55,480 {\an1}We look at how does that work? 1565 00:43:55,520 --> 00:43:56,880 {\an1}How does that small intestine 1566 00:43:56,920 --> 00:43:58,480 have this sort of 1567 00:43:56,920 --> 00:43:58,480 regenerative capability? 1568 00:43:58,520 --> 00:44:00,760 And then we go into 1569 00:43:58,520 --> 00:44:00,760 the laboratory. 1570 00:44:00,800 --> 00:44:01,920 {\an1}We use genetic engineering 1571 00:44:01,960 --> 00:44:03,320 and a variety of 1572 00:44:01,960 --> 00:44:03,320 other techniques 1573 00:44:03,360 --> 00:44:07,400 {\an1}and applying it to making 1574 00:44:03,360 --> 00:44:07,400 {\an1}membranes to recycle the water. 1575 00:44:08,880 --> 00:44:11,160 [Male Speaker] 1576 00:44:08,880 --> 00:44:11,160 Five, four, three. 1577 00:44:11,200 --> 00:44:13,160 {\an1}You could bring a cup of water 1578 00:44:13,200 --> 00:44:14,480 and that's all you 1579 00:44:13,200 --> 00:44:14,480 would ever need. 1580 00:44:14,520 --> 00:44:16,160 You could just 1581 00:44:14,520 --> 00:44:16,160 recycle it around, 1582 00:44:16,200 --> 00:44:18,160 {\an1}and around, and around again. 1583 00:44:18,200 --> 00:44:19,440 [Male Speaker] 1584 00:44:18,200 --> 00:44:19,440 We have a lift off! 1585 00:44:19,480 --> 00:44:20,760 Tower clear! 1586 00:44:20,800 --> 00:44:24,480 [deliberative music plays] 1587 00:44:24,520 --> 00:44:27,520 {\an5}[Narrator] It's 1588 00:44:24,520 --> 00:44:27,520 truly inspiring to 1589 00:44:24,520 --> 00:44:27,520 see these innovators 1590 00:44:27,560 --> 00:44:29,920 often with very 1591 00:44:27,560 --> 00:44:29,920 limited resources 1592 00:44:29,960 --> 00:44:31,480 saving their communities 1593 00:44:31,520 --> 00:44:33,920 and helping to stem 1594 00:44:31,520 --> 00:44:33,920 the water crisis tide. 1595 00:44:35,200 --> 00:44:38,600 {\an1}But we can't simply leave 1596 00:44:35,200 --> 00:44:38,600 {\an1}the solutions to the experts, 1597 00:44:38,640 --> 00:44:41,720 the engineers, the 1598 00:44:38,640 --> 00:44:41,720 innovative visionaries. 1599 00:44:41,760 --> 00:44:44,200 We all have a 1600 00:44:41,760 --> 00:44:44,200 responsibility to act 1601 00:44:44,240 --> 00:44:48,400 and to act now to create 1602 00:44:44,240 --> 00:44:48,400 this Brave Blue World. 1603 00:44:48,440 --> 00:44:50,720 {\an7}If we can look for the beacons 1604 00:44:50,760 --> 00:44:53,080 {\an7}and the examples where 1605 00:44:50,760 --> 00:44:53,080 {\an7}people are already doing this 1606 00:44:53,120 --> 00:44:54,680 {\an8}and it's working, 1607 00:44:54,720 --> 00:44:55,960 {\an7}that's what's encouraging. 1608 00:44:56,000 --> 00:44:58,080 {\an8}And then it's simply 1609 00:44:56,000 --> 00:44:58,080 {\an8}a question of adopting 1610 00:44:58,120 --> 00:45:00,120 and accelerating 1611 00:44:58,120 --> 00:45:00,120 that adoption faster. 1612 00:45:00,160 --> 00:45:01,200 And a lot of what 1613 00:45:00,160 --> 00:45:01,200 needs to happen 1614 00:45:01,240 --> 00:45:03,520 is simply we have 1615 00:45:01,240 --> 00:45:03,520 to think differently 1616 00:45:03,560 --> 00:45:05,000 {\an1}and embrace those new ideas. 1617 00:45:05,040 --> 00:45:06,680 {\an1}And that's down to each of us. 1618 00:45:07,800 --> 00:45:10,280 [upbeat music plays] 1619 00:45:11,600 --> 00:45:13,120 {\an1}[Narrator] For some of us, 1620 00:45:13,160 --> 00:45:15,320 {\an1}action might take the form 1621 00:45:13,160 --> 00:45:15,320 {\an1}of pressuring local utilities 1622 00:45:15,360 --> 00:45:16,880 to be more progressive 1623 00:45:16,920 --> 00:45:19,360 {\an1}in their approach to water 1624 00:45:16,920 --> 00:45:19,360 {\an1}supply and sanitation. 1625 00:45:20,520 --> 00:45:22,520 For others, it might 1626 00:45:20,520 --> 00:45:22,520 be applying our talents 1627 00:45:22,560 --> 00:45:24,240 {\an1}to become part of the solution. 1628 00:45:26,120 --> 00:45:27,400 So ask yourself, 1629 00:45:27,440 --> 00:45:30,920 what can I do today to 1630 00:45:27,440 --> 00:45:30,920 be part of the solution? 1631 00:45:32,120 --> 00:45:34,000 {\an1}The answers are all around us. 1632 00:45:35,240 --> 00:45:37,600 We can be more mindful 1633 00:45:35,240 --> 00:45:37,600 of our own water usage 1634 00:45:37,640 --> 00:45:39,520 and that of our 1635 00:45:37,640 --> 00:45:39,520 family and friends. 1636 00:45:40,880 --> 00:45:42,840 {\an1}We can research new 1637 00:45:40,880 --> 00:45:42,840 technologies 1638 00:45:42,880 --> 00:45:44,760 {\an1}like the ones we have just seen 1639 00:45:44,800 --> 00:45:46,680 {\an1}and apply them in our home, 1640 00:45:46,720 --> 00:45:48,360 {\an1}workplace, and community. 1641 00:45:49,440 --> 00:45:50,720 We can support companies 1642 00:45:50,760 --> 00:45:53,120 showing leadership 1643 00:45:50,760 --> 00:45:53,120 in water management 1644 00:45:53,160 --> 00:45:55,280 and we can encourage 1645 00:45:53,160 --> 00:45:55,280 brands we care about 1646 00:45:55,320 --> 00:45:58,360 {\an1}to rethink their 1647 00:45:55,320 --> 00:45:58,360 {\an1}water policies. 1648 00:45:58,400 --> 00:46:00,600 We can pressure our 1649 00:45:58,400 --> 00:46:00,600 local, regional, 1650 00:46:00,640 --> 00:46:03,400 and national governments 1651 00:46:00,640 --> 00:46:03,400 to take tangible action. 1652 00:46:03,440 --> 00:46:08,280 {\an1}Letters, emails, petitions, 1653 00:46:03,440 --> 00:46:08,280 {\an1}social media campaigns. 1654 00:46:08,320 --> 00:46:11,320 {\an5}These things can 1655 00:46:08,320 --> 00:46:11,320 make an immediate and 1656 00:46:08,320 --> 00:46:11,320 lasting difference. 1657 00:46:11,360 --> 00:46:13,840 This is a solvable 1658 00:46:11,360 --> 00:46:13,840 problem, right? 1659 00:46:13,880 --> 00:46:16,240 {\an1}We know what the answers are. 1660 00:46:16,280 --> 00:46:17,480 {\an1}We've tested the answers, 1661 00:46:17,520 --> 00:46:19,280 we've seen the 1662 00:46:17,520 --> 00:46:19,280 answers out there. 1663 00:46:19,320 --> 00:46:20,880 We know we can 1664 00:46:19,320 --> 00:46:20,880 solve this problem. 1665 00:46:20,920 --> 00:46:23,320 {\an1}It's just a matter of putting 1666 00:46:20,920 --> 00:46:23,320 {\an1}together the business model, 1667 00:46:23,360 --> 00:46:25,160 bringing all the 1668 00:46:23,360 --> 00:46:25,160 pieces together, 1669 00:46:25,200 --> 00:46:27,480 {\an1}getting governments to 1670 00:46:25,200 --> 00:46:27,480 {\an1}provide the proper regulations 1671 00:46:27,520 --> 00:46:30,160 to support to allow 1672 00:46:27,520 --> 00:46:30,160 water recycling. 1673 00:46:30,200 --> 00:46:31,480 [Kimberly Kupiecki] 1674 00:46:30,200 --> 00:46:31,480 {\an1}I don't think it's technology 1675 00:46:31,520 --> 00:46:32,960 {\an1}that's holding us back from 1676 00:46:31,520 --> 00:46:32,960 {\an1}solving our water crisis. 1677 00:46:33,000 --> 00:46:37,880 {\an7}It has to do with finance, 1678 00:46:33,000 --> 00:46:37,880 {\an7}and politics, and policy. 1679 00:46:37,920 --> 00:46:40,240 [Cate Lamb] Banks control 1680 00:46:37,920 --> 00:46:40,240 {\an1}two-thirds of the world's money. 1681 00:46:40,280 --> 00:46:42,760 If those banks made 1682 00:46:40,280 --> 00:46:42,760 it a requirement 1683 00:46:42,800 --> 00:46:44,480 {\an1}for every loan that is made, 1684 00:46:44,520 --> 00:46:46,720 {\an7}that there has to be a water win 1685 00:46:46,760 --> 00:46:48,760 {\an7}at the back of that loan, 1686 00:46:48,800 --> 00:46:51,680 {\an7}what an amazing 1687 00:46:48,800 --> 00:46:51,680 {\an7}opportunity that could be. 1688 00:46:51,720 --> 00:46:56,320 {\an5}[Glen Daigger] 1689 00:46:51,720 --> 00:46:56,320 One simple sentence to 1690 00:46:51,720 --> 00:46:56,320 the public about water 1691 00:46:56,360 --> 00:46:59,480 {\an1}is demand more, demand better. 1692 00:46:59,520 --> 00:47:01,080 It's there. 1693 00:47:01,120 --> 00:47:03,000 You know, it takes 1694 00:47:01,120 --> 00:47:03,000 strong leadership 1695 00:47:03,040 --> 00:47:04,840 to make decisions 1696 00:47:03,040 --> 00:47:04,840 to go into areas 1697 00:47:04,880 --> 00:47:07,920 that haven't been 1698 00:47:04,880 --> 00:47:07,920 pursued before, 1699 00:47:07,960 --> 00:47:10,320 {\an1}but to do it because we know 1700 00:47:07,960 --> 00:47:10,320 {\an1}that it's the right thing. 1701 00:47:10,360 --> 00:47:12,400 It's the right thing 1702 00:47:10,360 --> 00:47:12,400 for our society. 1703 00:47:12,440 --> 00:47:14,120 It's the right thing 1704 00:47:12,440 --> 00:47:14,120 for our environment. 1705 00:47:14,160 --> 00:47:17,280 It's the right thing for 1706 00:47:14,160 --> 00:47:17,280 the future of humanity. 1707 00:47:19,640 --> 00:47:23,640 -[water rushing] 1708 00:47:19,640 --> 00:47:23,640 -[deliberative music plays] 1709 00:47:25,600 --> 00:47:26,760 {\an1}[Narrator] For some of us, 1710 00:47:26,800 --> 00:47:28,280 action might simply 1711 00:47:26,800 --> 00:47:28,280 take the form 1712 00:47:28,320 --> 00:47:31,320 of recognizing the 1713 00:47:28,320 --> 00:47:31,320 ineffable value of water 1714 00:47:31,360 --> 00:47:32,760 and being willing 1715 00:47:31,360 --> 00:47:32,760 to pay the price 1716 00:47:32,800 --> 00:47:35,400 {\an1}for such a precious resource, 1717 00:47:35,440 --> 00:47:38,240 {\an1}even in regions where water 1718 00:47:35,440 --> 00:47:38,240 {\an1}appears to be plentiful. 1719 00:47:39,680 --> 00:47:41,320 Just as climate 1720 00:47:39,680 --> 00:47:41,320 change has sparked 1721 00:47:41,360 --> 00:47:44,000 {\an8}grassroots activism 1722 00:47:41,360 --> 00:47:44,000 {\an8}across the planet, 1723 00:47:44,040 --> 00:47:48,280 {\an1}the water crisis too requires 1724 00:47:44,040 --> 00:47:48,280 {\an1}massive mobilization of people 1725 00:47:48,320 --> 00:47:51,200 who truly care about 1726 00:47:48,320 --> 00:47:51,200 our shared future. 1727 00:47:51,480 --> 00:47:52,760 I think quite frankly, 1728 00:47:52,800 --> 00:47:55,720 {\an1}we create a movement amongst 1729 00:47:52,800 --> 00:47:55,720 {\an1}the younger generation 1730 00:47:55,760 --> 00:47:57,520 and they will 1731 00:47:55,760 --> 00:47:57,520 simply not tolerate 1732 00:47:57,560 --> 00:47:59,320 {\an1}that we do things as status quo. 1733 00:48:00,920 --> 00:48:03,240 [Narrator] Each 1734 00:48:00,920 --> 00:48:03,240 positive step we take, 1735 00:48:03,280 --> 00:48:05,840 {\an1}every innovation we employ, 1736 00:48:05,880 --> 00:48:08,960 every progressive policy 1737 00:48:05,880 --> 00:48:08,960 initiative we enact 1738 00:48:09,000 --> 00:48:13,520 {\an1}moves the needle further and 1739 00:48:09,000 --> 00:48:13,520 {\an1}further away from catastrophe. 1740 00:48:14,720 --> 00:48:16,240 This can happen 1741 00:48:14,720 --> 00:48:16,240 in our lifetime. 1742 00:48:16,280 --> 00:48:18,120 This has to happen 1743 00:48:16,280 --> 00:48:18,120 in our lifetime 1744 00:48:18,160 --> 00:48:20,000 or we are looking at 1745 00:48:18,160 --> 00:48:20,000 a very different world 1746 00:48:20,040 --> 00:48:21,800 for our children. 1747 00:48:21,840 --> 00:48:24,240 We want to see the 1748 00:48:21,840 --> 00:48:24,240 government committed 1749 00:48:24,280 --> 00:48:25,880 in putting in money 1750 00:48:25,920 --> 00:48:29,800 {\an1}and supporting sanitation 1751 00:48:25,920 --> 00:48:29,800 {\an1}to be a reality to everyone. 1752 00:48:30,160 --> 00:48:32,000 {\an1}[Matt Damon] We envision a day 1753 00:48:30,160 --> 00:48:32,000 {\an1}when everybody has access 1754 00:48:32,040 --> 00:48:34,040 {\an1}to clean water and sanitation, 1755 00:48:34,080 --> 00:48:35,760 and we envision that 1756 00:48:34,080 --> 00:48:35,760 in our lifetime. 1757 00:48:35,800 --> 00:48:38,080 We're on the brink 1758 00:48:35,800 --> 00:48:38,080 of being hopeless, 1759 00:48:38,120 --> 00:48:40,320 but we're not there yet. 1760 00:48:40,360 --> 00:48:41,960 {\an1}And if we really come together, 1761 00:48:42,000 --> 00:48:42,880 {\an1}we can make a difference. 1762 00:48:42,920 --> 00:48:44,160 {\an1}And if you look at these people 1763 00:48:44,200 --> 00:48:45,960 that are doing amazing 1764 00:48:44,200 --> 00:48:45,960 things around the world, 1765 00:48:46,000 --> 00:48:47,680 you start to be inspired 1766 00:48:47,720 --> 00:48:49,760 'cause you're like we 1767 00:48:47,720 --> 00:48:49,760 can make a difference. 1768 00:48:49,800 --> 00:48:51,040 Like how lucky are we 1769 00:48:51,080 --> 00:48:53,080 that we're the ones 1770 00:48:51,080 --> 00:48:53,080 who get to solve this? 1771 00:48:53,120 --> 00:48:54,600 In 100 years, 1772 00:48:54,640 --> 00:48:56,680 {\an1}people are gonna wish they 1773 00:48:54,640 --> 00:48:56,680 {\an1}could solve a problem this big. 1774 00:48:58,200 --> 00:49:00,880 [waves crashing] 1775 00:49:05,400 --> 00:49:08,520 {\an7}[U2's "Every Breaking Wave" 1776 00:49:05,400 --> 00:49:08,520 {\an8}plays] 1777 00:49:14,440 --> 00:49:19,440 {\an8}♪ Every sailor 1778 00:49:14,440 --> 00:49:19,440 {\an8}knows that the sea ♪ 1779 00:49:20,320 --> 00:49:23,360 {\an7}♪ Is a friend made enemy ♪ 1780 00:49:23,400 --> 00:49:28,400 {\an8}♪ And every shipwrecked 1781 00:49:23,400 --> 00:49:28,400 {\an8}soul knows what it is ♪ 1782 00:49:29,280 --> 00:49:32,520 {\an7}♪ To live without intimacy ♪ 1783 00:49:32,560 --> 00:49:37,560 {\an8}♪ I thought I heard 1784 00:49:32,560 --> 00:49:37,560 {\an8}the captain's voice ♪ 1785 00:49:38,800 --> 00:49:41,960 {\an7}♪ But it's hard to 1786 00:49:38,800 --> 00:49:41,960 {\an7}listen while you preach ♪ 1787 00:49:42,000 --> 00:49:47,000 {\an8}♪ Like every broken 1788 00:49:42,000 --> 00:49:47,000 {\an8}wave on the shore ♪ 1789 00:49:48,320 --> 00:49:53,320 {\an8}♪ This is as far 1790 00:49:48,320 --> 00:49:53,320 {\an8}as I could reach ♪ 1791 00:49:53,880 --> 00:49:58,440 {\an8}♪ If you go ♪ 1792 00:49:58,480 --> 00:50:03,200 {\an8}♪ If you go your 1793 00:49:58,480 --> 00:50:03,200 {\an8}way and I go mine ♪ 1794 00:50:03,240 --> 00:50:08,240 {\an8}♪ Are we so helpless 1795 00:50:03,240 --> 00:50:08,240 {\an8}against the tide ♪ 1796 00:50:12,520 --> 00:50:17,000 {\an8}♪ Baby, every dog 1797 00:50:12,520 --> 00:50:17,000 {\an8}on the street ♪ 1798 00:50:17,040 --> 00:50:21,560 {\an8}♪ Knows that we're 1799 00:50:17,040 --> 00:50:21,560 {\an8}in love with defeat ♪ 1800 00:50:21,600 --> 00:50:26,600 {\an8}♪ Are we ready to be 1801 00:50:21,600 --> 00:50:26,600 {\an8}swept off our feet ♪ 1802 00:50:27,120 --> 00:50:34,120 {\an8}♪ And stop chasing 1803 00:50:27,120 --> 00:50:34,120 {\an8}every breaking wave ♪ 1804 00:50:39,520 --> 00:50:46,520 {\an8}♪ Every breaking wave ♪