WEBVTT FILE

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Downloaded from
YTS.MX

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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX

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[intriguing electronic music]

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[narrator] I have always
asked myself a lot of questions

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Always bored at school,

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where all questions were answered

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except for the important ones.

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I spent the time daydreaming

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thinking about things
that surround us.

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Easter Island,

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the pyramids of Giza,

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Machu Picchu...

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Mythical places, which have made us
all dream at some point.

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You may ask yourself questions,
lots of questions.

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But asking the right ones
is truly an art,

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a priceless art,
that everyone can afford.

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This is how I found myself,
many years later

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looking into the past of our planet

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far, very far back in time.

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And what I discovered changed
my vision of the past

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for ever.

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[mysterious music]

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[soaring orchestral music]

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[dramatic music]

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[inspiring music]

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I did a lot of reading before
investigating on-site

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Many far-fetched, contradictory,
confusing things

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which could mislead those
who know nothing about the subject

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and convince them
that nothing interesting

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is to be found in the ruins
of the ancient people of our Planet.

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Yet, the perfection found
in these ancient constructions

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defies modern reason. Therefore
I decided to surround myself

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with competent people,

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who could enlighten me
and thus avoid any hasty deductions

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As the investigation progressed,

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uncovering new elements
along the way

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I saw the look in their eyes change,
and so was mine.

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I had to set aside my a priori
and prejudices

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what the French philosopher
Descartes called

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"wiping the slate clean".

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I had to remember the time when
I looked at the world differently

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in a more simple way.

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And this reassured me,
inspired me and gave me hope

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as perspectives are always brighter
than what we can imagine.

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Let us start softly then

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with one of the most well known
ancient sites on Earth,

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a minuscule island lost
in the middle of the Pacific Ocean

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Rapa Nui, Easter Island.

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Easter Island is a speck of earth
in the middle of the Pacific Ocean

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located 3700 kilometres away
from the coasts of Chile

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and about 4000 kilometres away
from French Polynesia.

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In a period of 100 years,
the People from Rapa Nui

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are believed to have sculpted about
1000 volcanic stone giants

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using the Moai, the stone coming
from a crater, used as a quarry.

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[soaring orchestral music]

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[mysterious music]

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Some of them were erected
on pedestals, called Ahu

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set at various places
on the island.

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Here are the main ones.

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Tongariki,
the largest Moai formation.

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Te Pito Kura,
the "navel of the World",

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with the largest Moai

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transported from the quarry,
laying down next to it.

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In the bay of Anakena

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where the Moai are capped
with their red Pukao.

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Tahaï, where we have restored
the white eyes of the Moai.

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Vinapu, the most ancient Ahu
of the island

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according
to archaeological studies.

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And Akivi, the only formation
where the Moai look to the sea

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and more specifically
to the equinox sun.

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Let us quickly review
the history of the Island

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before getting to the important
questions that it raises.

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The extraordinary saga
of the Rapa Nui People starts there.

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In the Anakena Bay,
where King Hotu Matua

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who left Polynesia
with his bravest men, first landed.

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It is widely believed that they had
built a prosperous society

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and the most accepted hypothesis

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states that the Rapa Nui society
collapsed

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following clan wars
throughout the centuries,

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while deforestation occurred
because of the statues.

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However, in light of the latest
archaeological discoveries,

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reality might have been
quite different.

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Epidemics introduced
by the Spanish navigators

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at the end the 18th Century,

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slave raids
at the end of the 19th Century

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and their consequences almost
exterminated the population

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We have to remember that
the population here

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was reduced to a hundred and ten
or eleven people at one point.

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The loss of scribes and guardians
of the Rapa Nui culture

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who became forced labourers
in Peruvian mines

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and the subsequent Christian
evangelization campaigns

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almost exterminated the culture
of these people.

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The Rapa Nui may have originated
from Hiva Oa

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about 3 600 kilometers
to the Northwest.

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3 600 kilometers.

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One does not embark
on such a trip lightly.

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One must think about food,
and especially water.

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Talking about a 30 to 50 days trip
in pirogue

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implies a certain level
of logistics.

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There must be enough supplies for
the trip back in case of failure.

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One may not quite comprehend
what such an expedition could imply.

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One can eat fish, but enough water
needs to be provided for,

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especially considering
the huge effort.

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One needs to know
ahead of time

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how many days
in the pirogue

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there are
before reaching land.

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Either Hotu Mota first sent scouts
in various directions

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and, by chance, one of them
discovered Easter Island

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which would have then initiated
a further expedition.

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Or they left randomly and,
out of shear luck

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discovered this speck of land
in the Pacific Ocean.

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Alternatively,

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they might have known the position
of the island beforehand

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which raises the question as to
how could they have known about it.

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Linguists cite the resemblance
of the Rapa Nui language

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with the original
Polynesian language,

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the former would have in fact
evolved during migrations

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which all confirms the Oral history
of the Rapa Nui.

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They claim
to have accomplished this trip

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straight from Hiva Oa Island.

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If it's true that they all migrated
from this place called Hiva,

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the linguistic evidence
suggests that Rapa Nui

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left that group of people first,
and came here.

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Of course they were all speaking
the same language at that time.

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We hear all kinds of things
about this Island

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but it is difficult to reconstruct

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the true story
of the Rapa Nui people,

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terribly damaged
by multiple invasions.

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Recent archaeological studies

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go against the accepted idea
of a nation of warriors.

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According to the American
anthropologist Carl Lipo,

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the mata"a, obsidian blades
long considered weapons

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may have actually been tools
for sculpting and gardening,

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noting their lack of a pointed tip.

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There are also no traces
of fortifications on the island.

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And then there are movies
that show

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very little respect
for the people of Rapa Nui,

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to the extent that,
after filming on the Island,

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an American production company
just threw a concrete Moai

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that was no longer useful
out into the ocean.

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But Let's get technical.

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The Giant Moai of Rano Raraku

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which measures 22 meters high

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and weighs about 250 tons

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is often shown

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but we seldom see those Moais

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which were sculpted above
within the sidewalls

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thus complicating their
future extraction.

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One could think they were not
sculpted to be extracted

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however, since they are not
visible at ground-level

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why go to that much trouble?

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These Moais weigh
between 40 and 60 tons

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and are located about 15
kilometres away from the quarry,

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where they were extracted from.

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Some of the Moais
were capped with a Pukao,

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hats made of red volcanic tuf

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extracted here,
at the site of Puna Pao,

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12 kilometres from the quarry
of Rano Raraku

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at the back of this tank.

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[mysterious traditional music]

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The Pukao were then
transported, hoisted

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and set on top of the Moai's heads

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sometimes at a height of 8 meters.

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How?

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Very simple, according
to this explanatory sign.

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Maybe someone
has a better explanation

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but no one has yet thought
it would be useful

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or important to specify it here.

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In fact, no one really knows.

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We may have vague hypotheses
regarding the transportation

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and we believe the Moai
might have been erected

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to protect the houses
they were gazing at,

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although the statues tend to look
more to the skies than the ground.

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Experiences have been set up
on flat surfaces

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to simulate the transportation
of a 5-ton Moai

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however, it is impossible to confirm
that the same process

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would have been possible with
an 80-ton Moai like this one.

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Ahu Vinapu is different
from the other sites

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because of its massive architecture.

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I ask myself simple questions.

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For example, regarding this Ahu,

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since it is the most ancient
of the Island

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it leads to some
unsettling questions.

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Being the most ancient
and still in place

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it demonstrates
that this way of building

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was the most resistant,
therefore the safest.

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It was the best advertising
for this technique.

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True to the idea of permanent
progress by Homo Sapiens,

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one would expect subsequent sites
to be built in a similar fashion

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or even better.

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And the problem is that actually,

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all the Ahu built after this one

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were never as large,
nor as precise in their assemblage

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and all ended up collapsing.

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But not Ahu Vinapu.

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Thus, the questions are:

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amongst all the builders
at Rapa Nui who followed,

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none of them noticed
that the only viable technique

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was the one
utilized at Ahu Vinapu?

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And if they did, why not
reproduce this technique?

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Therefore either the secret
of this structure is a unique case

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lost in history

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or the people of Rapa Nui had
nothing to do with its construction.

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One may notice
a very strong similarity

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in the style between Ahu Vinapu

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and structures attributed
to the Incas, in Peru.

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Genetics analyses
on chickens of the Island

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demonstrate there were contacts
between both peoples

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but we do not know
in which direction.

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Destination Peru,
more specifically Cuzco.

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the old Inca capital
that, like Rapa Nui

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was referred to as the World's
belly button by its inhabitants.

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Either both tribes see themselves
as the centre of the world

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or maybe the Earth
has numerous belly buttons.

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The problem in Peru

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is that there is little information
on the time preceding the arrival

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of the Catholics and the ravages
of the Inquisition.

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It means that one may be
confused regarding

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the history of the buildings
and their techniques.

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This church was built directly over
the Inca Temple of Coricancha

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covering it entirely.

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However, the Catholic Church
was not alone in this use

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of this rather high-handed method,
as it was practiced everywhere

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by conquerors and settlers.

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Like here, this mosque over
the Temple of Luxor in Egypt

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or again the temple of Jupiter
in Baalbek in Lebanon,

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where Romans preferred to build
on top of existing foundations

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Which is understandable,
as each block

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weighs over 1 000 tons.

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Here, the Church sought to destroy
the archives of these people

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until everyone accepted
the popular image

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of barbaric and bloodthirsty Incas

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engaging in human sacrifice.

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It is very sad indeed to see how
these thousand-year-old peoples

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and their immense
knowledge were loathed,

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knowledge we are just
beginning to re-discover

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especially
in the field of medicine.

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And in politics, as well, as, before
the arrival of the Europeans,

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the Inca Empire had almost succeeded
in uniting all of their people.

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It was important to avoid
any further rebellion.

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For that, they had a radical option.

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One kills the leaders,
spreading confusion amongst

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the people,
and rebellion is squashed.

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The method is as old
as the World itself.

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Well, actually maybe not.

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45 centuries prior to the arrival
of the Europeans

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life was quite different
on the Pacific coast of Peru

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00:15:14.120 --> 00:15:16.960
and there was a civilization there
for a very long time:

249
00:15:17.160 --> 00:15:20.080
the vast city of Caral Supe
bearing witness of this.

250
00:15:20.280 --> 00:15:22.600
Caral being the oldest American
city to date.

251
00:15:27.000 --> 00:15:29.400
This vast city
was remarkably organized

252
00:15:29.600 --> 00:15:31.080
with streets, squares, housing,

253
00:15:31.280 --> 00:15:34.560
amphitheatres and temples
in the shape of pyramids.

254
00:15:35.960 --> 00:15:37.480
It dates back to 5000 years old

255
00:15:37.680 --> 00:15:40.160
which is about 3000 years
prior to our time.

256
00:15:40.360 --> 00:15:43.160
According to Egyptologist dating,
this gigantic mother city

257
00:15:43.360 --> 00:15:45.920
was contemporary
to the Pyramids in Giza.

258
00:15:46.120 --> 00:15:48.360
Archaeological studies tell
that Caral was destroyed

259
00:15:48.560 --> 00:15:50.440
about 3800 years ago

260
00:15:50.640 --> 00:15:53.640
following earthquakes or other
climate-related catastrophes.

261
00:15:53.840 --> 00:15:56.320
The city was a vast problem
for those who studied it

262
00:15:56.520 --> 00:15:59.480
as no fortresses nor weapons
were ever found,

263
00:15:59.680 --> 00:16:03.280
and so they had to admit the
incredible possibility of this city

264
00:16:03.480 --> 00:16:06.000
living in peace
for over a thousand years

265
00:16:06.200 --> 00:16:09.200
with commercial cooperation
with its neighbors.

266
00:16:10.400 --> 00:16:14.000
All this is to say, how improbable
it appears to modern humans

267
00:16:14.200 --> 00:16:17.160
that one may live in peace
for vast periods of time.

268
00:16:17.360 --> 00:16:19.520
[soft orchestral music]

269
00:16:19.720 --> 00:16:21.520
When one discovers
a site like Caral

270
00:16:21.720 --> 00:16:24.680
the main difficulty for
archaeologists is the state it is in

271
00:16:24.880 --> 00:16:28.240
which renders the reconstruction
of daily life challenging.

272
00:16:28.440 --> 00:16:32.000
One may find small blocks of stone,
joined together by clay cement.

273
00:16:32.200 --> 00:16:35.240
The same technique as we may find
at a later stage at Machu Picchu

274
00:16:35.440 --> 00:16:36.640
or at Ollantaytambo

275
00:16:36.840 --> 00:16:38.280
which will later evolve
towards greater precision.

276
00:16:45.800 --> 00:16:48.040
They may have started to build Caral
with small stones

277
00:16:48.240 --> 00:16:50.800
and it would have been completed
with a refined technique

278
00:16:51.000 --> 00:16:54.560
as we may see on the most recent
parts of the Machu Picchu site.

279
00:16:54.760 --> 00:16:57.640
It would be a normal evolution
of the technique throughout time.

280
00:17:01.640 --> 00:17:03.200
Discovered in 1911

281
00:17:03.400 --> 00:17:06.600
at a time where, in Europe, Incas
were still believed to be savages,

282
00:17:06.800 --> 00:17:08.320
this city was unknown to the Spanish

283
00:17:08.520 --> 00:17:10.880
during the time
of their occupation of Peru.

284
00:17:11.760 --> 00:17:13.920
It shows impressive
technical expertise

285
00:17:14.120 --> 00:17:17.240
especially in the management of
water and its distribution system.

286
00:17:18.440 --> 00:17:20.400
Its stone assemblages
are harmoniously integrated

287
00:17:20.600 --> 00:17:21.760
into the environment

288
00:17:21.960 --> 00:17:23.400
However, outside
of the important work

289
00:17:23.600 --> 00:17:25.000
of bringing
the materials to the site

290
00:17:25.200 --> 00:17:27.520
it does not represent
any particular difficulty.

291
00:17:29.040 --> 00:17:31.000
But what surprised me
was the heart of the site,

292
00:17:31.200 --> 00:17:33.640
built in a totally different style.

293
00:17:33.840 --> 00:17:36.240
Huge andesite blocks,
a very hard stone

294
00:17:36.440 --> 00:17:38.840
had been assembled
with precision without any seal

295
00:17:39.040 --> 00:17:41.240
meaning stone against stone.

296
00:17:41.440 --> 00:17:42.960
If this stone comes from a quarry

297
00:17:43.160 --> 00:17:44.440
on the other side of the valley,

298
00:17:44.640 --> 00:17:45.720
then one really wonders

299
00:17:45.920 --> 00:17:49.080
how could they have transport these
heavy blocks on such a steep slope?

300
00:17:49.800 --> 00:17:52.000
And why such a difference in style?

301
00:18:18.120 --> 00:18:21.240
One may not use the same techniques
for buildings intended for rituals

302
00:18:21.440 --> 00:18:23.680
as for buildings intended for
housing which I can understand.

303
00:18:23.880 --> 00:18:26.520
but then why are
some of the walls "mixed"?

304
00:18:26.720 --> 00:18:28.520
This could be due
to ulterior repairs,

305
00:18:28.720 --> 00:18:31.880
but then, the question would be
why was it not repaired identically?

306
00:18:32.080 --> 00:18:34.880
One can see that the assemblage
techniques of the big blocks

307
00:18:35.080 --> 00:18:37.520
are more ancient compared to the
techniques of the small blocks.

308
00:18:37.720 --> 00:18:38.880
Why?

309
00:18:39.080 --> 00:18:42.480
Quite simply: the small blocks
are set on top of the big blocks.

310
00:18:44.000 --> 00:18:46.600
Here, similarly to Ahu Vinapu
of Easter Island,

311
00:18:46.800 --> 00:18:49.520
the builders have assembled
complex polygonal shapes

312
00:18:49.720 --> 00:18:52.240
which do not seem to present
any kind of difficulty.

313
00:18:52.440 --> 00:18:53.520
Let's draw some comparisons

314
00:18:53.720 --> 00:18:55.200
which make no sense
according to archaeology

315
00:18:55.400 --> 00:18:57.000
as the sites
we are going to compare

316
00:18:57.200 --> 00:18:58.560
are separated
by thousands of kilometers

317
00:18:58.760 --> 00:19:00.600
and were built
thousands of years apart.

318
00:19:00.800 --> 00:19:04.080
Here you can see an assemblage from
an angle of a wall in Machu Picchu

319
00:19:04.280 --> 00:19:08.120
and another one from the Temple
of the Valley in Giza, in Egypt.

320
00:19:11.640 --> 00:19:14.520
One may notice the same type
of general symmetry of the shape

321
00:19:14.720 --> 00:19:17.400
like here, still at the temple
of the Valley in Egypt,

322
00:19:17.600 --> 00:19:20.960
and there,
at the heart of Machu Picchu.

323
00:19:21.160 --> 00:19:22.560
At Machu Picchu...

324
00:19:25.720 --> 00:19:27.720
And in the Temple of the Valley.

325
00:19:28.760 --> 00:19:30.360
One may explain these parallels

326
00:19:30.560 --> 00:19:33.400
by the fact that,
confronted with the same difficulty

327
00:19:33.600 --> 00:19:35.440
human beings will all find
the same solution.

328
00:19:35.640 --> 00:19:37.240
But, outside of the similarities

329
00:19:37.440 --> 00:19:38.920
what can we learn?

330
00:19:39.120 --> 00:19:41.520
Simply that one does not
randomly assemble blocks

331
00:19:41.720 --> 00:19:44.440
and that, if needed, they are
cut to create these patterns

332
00:19:44.640 --> 00:19:47.920
which gives us an idea about
the level of mastery required.

333
00:19:48.120 --> 00:19:49.240
How's this for logic?

334
00:19:49.440 --> 00:19:52.200
one starts by assembling
extremely resistant constructions

335
00:19:52.400 --> 00:19:53.720
with massive stones

336
00:19:53.920 --> 00:19:56.680
and, as time passes, one builds
less and less resistant structures

337
00:19:56.880 --> 00:19:58.120
with stones the size of bricks.

338
00:19:58.320 --> 00:19:59.600
Long live progress.

339
00:20:00.680 --> 00:20:03.400
Here, these stones disjointed
by one or more earthquakes

340
00:20:03.600 --> 00:20:05.160
allow us to understand two things:

341
00:20:05.360 --> 00:20:08.480
first of all, the internal faces
are precisely worked on

342
00:20:08.680 --> 00:20:10.400
to be assembled
over all of their depth,

343
00:20:10.600 --> 00:20:13.400
then the face of the stones
on the left is slightly twisted

344
00:20:13.600 --> 00:20:15.680
and the block on the right
exactly matches this twist

345
00:20:15.880 --> 00:20:17.680
reproduced on the right
to mirror the left.

346
00:20:18.400 --> 00:20:21.160
Do you realize the difficulty
of achieving this?

347
00:20:21.360 --> 00:20:23.760
In practicality, this complex work

348
00:20:23.960 --> 00:20:25.880
does not seem
to be useful in any way.

349
00:20:27.000 --> 00:20:29.240
If these walls are an evolution
of the techniques in Caral

350
00:20:29.440 --> 00:20:31.360
a millennium earlier,

351
00:20:32.480 --> 00:20:35.120
then where does this style
with enormous stones come from?

352
00:20:35.320 --> 00:20:37.200
Where is the logic in all of this?

353
00:20:39.720 --> 00:20:42.240
It is even more obvious
at Sacsayhuaman,

354
00:20:42.440 --> 00:20:45.520
the fortress with the 3 enclosures
overhanging the city of Cuzco,

355
00:20:45.720 --> 00:20:48.080
ancient capital of the Incas.

356
00:20:52.040 --> 00:20:53.200
[mysterious music]

357
00:20:53.400 --> 00:20:56.040
3 gigantic outer-walls
over 3 levels

358
00:20:56.240 --> 00:20:58.520
made of blocks weighing
a few dozen tons

359
00:20:58.720 --> 00:21:00.040
assembled
with very great precision.

360
00:21:00.240 --> 00:21:02.240
Over more than 400 meters long.

361
00:21:02.440 --> 00:21:04.760
The stones at the angles
weigh over 200 tons

362
00:21:04.960 --> 00:21:07.400
and the others up to 60 tons.

363
00:21:07.600 --> 00:21:10.280
What is the purpose
of such a fortress?

364
00:21:10.480 --> 00:21:12.320
3 outer-walls of this scale where,

365
00:21:12.520 --> 00:21:15.240
militarily speaking,
we find numerous weak points.

366
00:21:15.440 --> 00:21:17.720
If this was simply
a way to appear strong

367
00:21:17.920 --> 00:21:20.240
they might have gone
a bit too far.

368
00:21:23.000 --> 00:21:25.880
[soaring orchestral music]

369
00:21:26.080 --> 00:21:28.040
At the site, the guides are happy
to tell us that

370
00:21:28.240 --> 00:21:30.080
the whole site represents
the head of a puma

371
00:21:30.280 --> 00:21:32.280
and that this fortress
represents its teeth,

372
00:21:32.480 --> 00:21:35.600
the rest being made of the outer
walls of the ancient Cuzco.

373
00:21:35.800 --> 00:21:38.880
This is beautiful story,
one may indeed identify an eye

374
00:21:39.080 --> 00:21:40.840
but how confident
can we be about it?

375
00:21:42.360 --> 00:21:45.200
What I notice is that the builders
must have been able to transport

376
00:21:45.400 --> 00:21:47.920
hoist and assemble stones
weighing dozens of tons

377
00:21:48.120 --> 00:21:49.960
but, when repairing stones
that were damaged

378
00:21:50.160 --> 00:21:51.400
or had disappeared

379
00:21:51.600 --> 00:21:53.120
this is what
they must have done.

380
00:21:54.880 --> 00:21:57.840
At Ollantaytambo, still in Peru
we find the same thing.

381
00:21:58.720 --> 00:22:00.640
One may see these walls
made of small stones,

382
00:22:00.840 --> 00:22:04.080
classical of the Inca era,
and these assemblages there.

383
00:22:04.720 --> 00:22:06.000
Here, the first traces
of settlements

384
00:22:06.200 --> 00:22:09.360
date back
to -600 to -400 before our time.

385
00:22:09.560 --> 00:22:10.760
so it is rather ancient.

386
00:22:13.040 --> 00:22:14.520
If these were the same builders

387
00:22:14.720 --> 00:22:15.960
then they lost
their know-how along the way

388
00:22:16.160 --> 00:22:17.880
because for some unknown reasons

389
00:22:18.080 --> 00:22:21.800
they were unable to complete them
or repair them identically.

390
00:22:22.400 --> 00:22:23.680
You can believe what you wish.

391
00:22:23.880 --> 00:22:26.240
The style, the quality of the stone

392
00:22:26.440 --> 00:22:28.840
and the difficulty of the work
are in no way the same.

393
00:22:29.040 --> 00:22:32.040
As the repairs are to be found
on the upper layers of the walls

394
00:22:32.240 --> 00:22:34.720
it means the stones
underneath are older.

395
00:22:35.280 --> 00:22:37.560
The builders, here again,
started by assembling

396
00:22:37.760 --> 00:22:40.120
gigantic stones
with a very great precision

397
00:22:40.320 --> 00:22:43.960
to finish off with smaller stones
assembled with less precision?

398
00:22:44.160 --> 00:22:45.720
At the Ollantaytambo site

399
00:22:45.920 --> 00:22:49.360
my eyes were drawn to black stone
blocks carved in a certain way.

400
00:22:51.160 --> 00:22:53.920
I had heard a guide saying
there was a link between this site

401
00:22:54.120 --> 00:22:56.240
and the site
of Tiahuanaco in Bolivia,

402
00:22:56.440 --> 00:22:58.080
that similar techniques
had been utilized.

403
00:22:58.280 --> 00:23:00.720
From what was said, the sites
were not dated from the same time

404
00:23:00.920 --> 00:23:03.240
but there again,
this was rather unclear.

405
00:23:04.280 --> 00:23:06.840
I decided to head off to Tiahuanaco,
through the Andes

406
00:23:07.040 --> 00:23:09.640
on the other side of the famous
Titikaka Lake.

407
00:23:23.360 --> 00:23:26.480
[dramatic orchestral music]

408
00:23:26.680 --> 00:23:30.000
What makes the Tiahuanaco plateau
interesting is the following.

409
00:23:30.200 --> 00:23:31.880
A vast enclosure
made of walls and pillars

410
00:23:32.080 --> 00:23:33.760
an entryway leading to a door.

411
00:23:33.960 --> 00:23:35.560
Except none of this is authentic.

412
00:23:39.120 --> 00:23:42.240
It is in fact a reconstruction based
on the vision of an archaeologist.

413
00:23:43.040 --> 00:23:46.200
Here is the site, pictured
before its restoration in 1892.

414
00:23:52.600 --> 00:23:54.840
At the site,
no one tells you anything.

415
00:23:55.040 --> 00:23:57.560
There is not even a sign telling you
that it was actually restored.

416
00:23:57.760 --> 00:23:59.880
One could believe it was
an authentic site.

417
00:24:01.280 --> 00:24:03.600
But curiously,
this creative archaeologist

418
00:24:03.800 --> 00:24:04.800
did not find it useful

419
00:24:05.000 --> 00:24:07.800
to look at the site of Puma Punku,
located about 1 km from here.

420
00:24:12.240 --> 00:24:13.800
Its builders are said
to be pre-Incas.

421
00:24:14.000 --> 00:24:15.800
Therefore, before the Incas.

422
00:24:16.000 --> 00:24:18.440
And they would have built
all of this.

423
00:24:21.160 --> 00:24:24.480
[epic music]

424
00:24:28.760 --> 00:24:30.160
What happened there?

425
00:24:30.360 --> 00:24:31.520
Why was this site destroyed?

426
00:24:31.720 --> 00:24:33.240
A dispute between shamans
is mentioned?

427
00:24:33.440 --> 00:24:34.680
If this was actually the reason,

428
00:24:34.880 --> 00:24:37.840
it would have been wise
to avoid angering them back then

429
00:24:38.040 --> 00:24:40.120
since they would have been quick
to smash some slabs

430
00:24:40.320 --> 00:24:41.960
weighing a few dozen tons.

431
00:24:44.840 --> 00:24:47.680
I had asked Erik Gonthier,
geologist, to come over with me

432
00:24:47.880 --> 00:24:50.840
as I wanted his advice
on the technical means utilized.

433
00:25:03.880 --> 00:25:06.480
Erik told me that in India, stone
cutters are still using the same

434
00:25:06.680 --> 00:25:07.640
or almost the same methods

435
00:25:07.840 --> 00:25:09.600
as the ones used
thousands of centuries ago.

436
00:25:09.800 --> 00:25:12.240
except the use
of hardened steel, too soft

437
00:25:12.440 --> 00:25:15.560
which was replaced by carborundum
or other hard-alloy tips.

438
00:25:15.760 --> 00:25:17.360
When using hardened steel tools

439
00:25:17.560 --> 00:25:19.840
the stone cutters usually hit
at most 5 or 6 times

440
00:25:20.040 --> 00:25:22.240
before sending them
again to the quench.

441
00:25:22.440 --> 00:25:23.400
Erik insisted on the fact

442
00:25:23.600 --> 00:25:26.440
to not to underestimate
human capabilities.

443
00:25:27.120 --> 00:25:28.040
You need to know that,

444
00:25:28.240 --> 00:25:29.960
as soon as you question
the academic version

445
00:25:30.160 --> 00:25:31.640
others will immediately suspect

446
00:25:31.840 --> 00:25:33.920
that you believe
it was all built by aliens.

447
00:25:34.120 --> 00:25:37.920
That's what's meant by "not
underestimating human capabilities".

448
00:25:40.320 --> 00:25:43.960
It suggests that we necessarily
expect an extra-terrestrial solution

449
00:25:44.160 --> 00:25:46.400
to resolve the "issue" of the tools.

450
00:25:46.600 --> 00:25:49.120
But, to tell you the truth although
I cannot explain the methods used

451
00:25:49.320 --> 00:25:51.520
I do not feel that this was
something made by beings

452
00:25:51.720 --> 00:25:54.320
capable of travelling
across the universe.

453
00:26:04.160 --> 00:26:07.800
I advise Erik to wait for a bit
before making a decision.

454
00:26:10.800 --> 00:26:14.360
[soft piano music]

455
00:26:18.200 --> 00:26:20.920
The next day, he will use
our roughness-measuring device

456
00:26:21.120 --> 00:26:22.760
a tool that measures
the surface flatness

457
00:26:22.960 --> 00:26:24.680
thanks to a minuscule diamond tip

458
00:26:24.880 --> 00:26:26.560
manoeuvred
by a computerized arm.

459
00:26:37.760 --> 00:26:39.640
The first measurements
on randomly selected stones

460
00:26:39.840 --> 00:26:41.480
provide
more than acceptable results.

461
00:26:41.680 --> 00:26:42.960
Then,
as we start to choose the stones,

462
00:26:43.160 --> 00:26:44.480
attempting to find some
in better condition than others,

463
00:26:44.680 --> 00:26:46.560
the numbers get more accurate.

464
00:26:49.800 --> 00:26:52.200
We then reach the stone
I was looking at since this morning.

465
00:26:52.400 --> 00:26:54.640
Erik places the roughness-measuring
device over it.

466
00:26:57.320 --> 00:26:58.840
I am curious to know the result

467
00:26:59.040 --> 00:27:01.400
as the block appears to be
particularly smooth.

468
00:27:01.600 --> 00:27:04.040
The graph that appears is very flat.

469
00:27:04.800 --> 00:27:10.120
[speaking foreign language]

470
00:27:10.320 --> 00:27:12.880
Variance between the highest
and the lowest point on the surface

471
00:27:13.080 --> 00:27:17.400
knowing that 1 micron
equals 0.001 millimetre

472
00:27:17.600 --> 00:27:20.600
or that you will need 1000 microns
to obtain 1 millimeter,

473
00:27:20.800 --> 00:27:23.920
30 microns, it is 0.03 mm.

474
00:27:24.120 --> 00:27:27.520
this surface is ten times smoother
than a modern flat concrete.

475
00:27:27.720 --> 00:27:29.720
Already spotted by Christopher Dunn

476
00:27:29.920 --> 00:27:33.000
an aviation engineer who based
his career on precision.

477
00:27:33.200 --> 00:27:36.240
In a hotel room,
we cleared of a table

478
00:27:36.440 --> 00:27:38.360
that had a glass table top

479
00:27:38.560 --> 00:27:41.960
The glass table top was within
7 thousands of an inch

480
00:27:42.160 --> 00:27:43.360
of being flat.

481
00:27:43.560 --> 00:27:46.760
Going out to Puma Punku
and taking that instrument,

482
00:27:46.960 --> 00:27:49.360
it was within
half a thousand of an inch.

483
00:27:49.560 --> 00:27:51.240
Knowing that, on top of it all

484
00:27:51.440 --> 00:27:53.440
surfaces deteriorate over time.

485
00:27:53.640 --> 00:27:57.200
to give you an idea, here is the
roughness of every day materials.

486
00:28:15.000 --> 00:28:16.760
He who was talking
about copper and abrasion.

487
00:28:16.960 --> 00:28:18.800
Believe me when I tell you
that he carefully chooses

488
00:28:19.000 --> 00:28:20.160
his words in front of the camera.

489
00:28:36.000 --> 00:28:37.200
300 kilometers away.

490
00:28:37.400 --> 00:28:39.920
Transporting rocks weighing
a few tons across the Andes

491
00:28:40.120 --> 00:28:43.520
and over such a distance does not
seem to surprise him that much.

492
00:28:43.720 --> 00:28:45.960
Nothing will ever replace
an actual visit.

493
00:28:46.160 --> 00:28:47.520
Although...
Sometimes, from a distance

494
00:28:47.720 --> 00:28:50.080
we may discover certain things.

495
00:28:51.640 --> 00:28:53.040
[mysterious music]

496
00:28:53.240 --> 00:28:55.360
One may notice
this pattern on a slab.

497
00:28:55.560 --> 00:28:57.000
A researcher told me this pattern

498
00:28:57.200 --> 00:28:59.200
was also present at another
enigmatic site in Peru,

499
00:28:59.840 --> 00:29:03.200
over 700 km away as the crow flies.

500
00:29:03.400 --> 00:29:04.520
Nazca.

501
00:29:07.800 --> 00:29:10.960
On this barren plateau, immense
lines and representations of animals

502
00:29:11.160 --> 00:29:13.240
have been drawn on the ground
by the people of Nazca.

503
00:29:13.440 --> 00:29:15.720
The first evidence of the
existence of these people

504
00:29:15.920 --> 00:29:19.000
dates back to about 2300 years ago.

505
00:29:19.200 --> 00:29:21.920
Except for a few stylised
representations of animals

506
00:29:22.120 --> 00:29:23.600
one may observe
mainly straight lines

507
00:29:23.800 --> 00:29:25.680
some spanning
over a few kilometers.

508
00:29:25.880 --> 00:29:28.880
The whole site covers
thousands of square kilometers.

509
00:29:29.760 --> 00:29:31.880
We often hear about
the "tracks of Nazca".

510
00:29:32.080 --> 00:29:34.160
And some did not hesitate
in the past to call these

511
00:29:34.360 --> 00:29:37.800
"landing strips
for extra-terrestrial vessels".

512
00:29:38.000 --> 00:29:39.320
How could you seriously consider

513
00:29:39.520 --> 00:29:41.760
that people capable of flying
across the universe

514
00:29:41.960 --> 00:29:44.480
might need a landing strip
drawn on the ground in order to land

515
00:29:44.680 --> 00:29:46.480
just like one of our planes?

516
00:29:47.320 --> 00:29:49.360
This sounds as stupid
as the hypothesis

517
00:29:49.560 --> 00:29:51.560
stating theses patterns
were destined to call on the gods

518
00:29:51.760 --> 00:29:53.960
asking for water, rare in the area.

519
00:29:54.160 --> 00:29:57.000
that would imply
taking the elders as fools.

520
00:29:57.960 --> 00:29:59.560
At that time, one might
have had better things to do

521
00:29:59.760 --> 00:30:02.440
rather than wasting time in a
barren area where nothing grows.

522
00:30:04.320 --> 00:30:06.360
Here again, we know nothing.

523
00:30:07.560 --> 00:30:09.480
Although these figures are gigantic

524
00:30:09.680 --> 00:30:11.120
their creation
might have been difficult

525
00:30:11.320 --> 00:30:12.880
but far from impossible.

526
00:30:13.320 --> 00:30:15.320
What interests me, is the "why".

527
00:30:15.520 --> 00:30:17.120
We are often shown animal drawings

528
00:30:17.320 --> 00:30:19.360
but the lines
are far more impressive.

529
00:30:19.560 --> 00:30:22.080
And both
curiously overlap in some places

530
00:30:22.280 --> 00:30:25.960
as if we were looking at 2 eras
and 2 very different styles.

531
00:30:26.160 --> 00:30:27.240
On one hand, we have

532
00:30:27.440 --> 00:30:29.640
animal drawings and
representations of living beings,

533
00:30:29.840 --> 00:30:31.600
though none of them
lived at this latitude.

534
00:30:31.800 --> 00:30:35.080
On the other, we find abstract
and immense geometrical lines.

535
00:30:35.280 --> 00:30:38.000
This is inconsistent with a people
supposed to have possessed

536
00:30:38.200 --> 00:30:39.680
only primitive technology.

537
00:30:39.880 --> 00:30:42.320
Similarly to the H-shape blocks
of Puma Punku.

538
00:30:43.000 --> 00:30:44.160
Let's look at what we have.

539
00:30:44.360 --> 00:30:47.200
From the people of Rapa Nui
to the Inca Empire,

540
00:30:47.400 --> 00:30:48.600
partly because
of foreign invasions,

541
00:30:48.800 --> 00:30:50.560
we do not know for certain
the why and the how

542
00:30:50.760 --> 00:30:53.120
of all these constructions.

543
00:30:53.320 --> 00:30:55.040
But we can see they have
usually been executed

544
00:30:55.240 --> 00:30:56.520
in inaccessible areas

545
00:30:56.720 --> 00:30:58.160
in the desert, on top of hills

546
00:30:58.360 --> 00:31:00.000
or on very steep mountainsides.

547
00:31:00.200 --> 00:31:01.160
Each time,

548
00:31:01.360 --> 00:31:03.120
there seems to be
at least 2 different eras

549
00:31:03.320 --> 00:31:04.520
and the most ancient era

550
00:31:04.720 --> 00:31:08.480
appears to have a taste
for abstract geometrical patterns.

551
00:31:08.680 --> 00:31:11.160
[wondrous music]

552
00:31:18.400 --> 00:31:21.080
Peru is a vast and magnificent land

553
00:31:21.280 --> 00:31:22.640
as its people.

554
00:31:28.120 --> 00:31:31.200
It is said there are
over 1200 sites listed

555
00:31:31.400 --> 00:31:34.440
and one would need a lot of time
in order to see them all.

556
00:31:35.240 --> 00:31:37.440
Sometimes I just trust my intuition

557
00:31:37.640 --> 00:31:40.080
and let myself be guided
by the people I meet.

558
00:31:40.280 --> 00:31:43.360
This is how I discovered
the next site.

559
00:31:44.080 --> 00:31:47.040
[wondrous music]

560
00:31:48.800 --> 00:31:51.440
After a drive of about 30 km
of dirt track

561
00:31:51.640 --> 00:31:53.840
this site is difficult to access.

562
00:32:11.080 --> 00:32:14.840
A low stonewall
covers the back wall.

563
00:32:15.040 --> 00:32:16.840
Another stonewall outside

564
00:32:17.040 --> 00:32:19.080
leads us to believe that we are
in some kind of sheepfold.

565
00:32:19.280 --> 00:32:22.040
Up until now, nothing abnormal
except for the fact that,

566
00:32:22.240 --> 00:32:26.200
for some unknown reason,
the other sidewall has been cut.

567
00:32:27.760 --> 00:32:31.240
[wondrous music]

568
00:32:34.920 --> 00:32:38.080
And as we turn around, we discover
that, at the entry of this cave,

569
00:32:38.280 --> 00:32:41.000
the stones have been
entirely sculpted.

570
00:32:44.040 --> 00:32:46.000
[wondrous music]

571
00:32:52.480 --> 00:32:54.240
Here again, the feeling
that you are facing

572
00:32:54.440 --> 00:32:56.560
2 different eras in the building
of the structure

573
00:32:56.760 --> 00:32:58.040
is strong.

574
00:32:58.240 --> 00:33:00.560
This feeling is confirmed
by these outer structures

575
00:33:00.760 --> 00:33:02.360
in the same style as the sheepfold.

576
00:33:02.560 --> 00:33:04.280
A latter imitation?

577
00:33:06.520 --> 00:33:09.040
The work is clean and the cut outs
are beautiful

578
00:33:09.240 --> 00:33:10.320
but wait to see the next site

579
00:33:10.520 --> 00:33:13.120
located far far away from Peru

580
00:33:13.320 --> 00:33:15.720
in India, in the Bihar region.

581
00:33:17.120 --> 00:33:20.000
[traditional indian music]

582
00:33:29.080 --> 00:33:31.920
[singing in foreign language]

583
00:33:39.440 --> 00:33:43.640
We find 7 caves entirely excavated
from massive granite blocks,

584
00:33:43.840 --> 00:33:45.720
spread over 2 main sites.

585
00:33:46.680 --> 00:33:48.560
4 at Barabar

586
00:33:53.520 --> 00:33:55.480
and 3 at Nagarjuni.

587
00:33:57.680 --> 00:34:00.280
Amongst them,
2 remain unfinished.

588
00:34:01.240 --> 00:34:03.320
They are considered
to be the oldest caves in India

589
00:34:03.520 --> 00:34:05.920
and they may have been built
between the 3rd and 2nd century

590
00:34:06.120 --> 00:34:09.040
before our time,
about 2300 years ago

591
00:34:09.240 --> 00:34:10.760
under the reign of King Ashoka,

592
00:34:10.960 --> 00:34:14.480
according to the scriptures carved
at the entrance of 3 of the caves.

593
00:34:14.920 --> 00:34:16.280
There are many other
caves in India

594
00:34:16.480 --> 00:34:18.760
but these are unique
because of their features.

595
00:34:18.960 --> 00:34:19.880
Here again,

596
00:34:20.080 --> 00:34:21.520
one may observe
the same contrast

597
00:34:21.720 --> 00:34:23.240
between
the seniority of the building

598
00:34:23.440 --> 00:34:26.080
and the sobriety
of its geometric shapes.

599
00:34:26.280 --> 00:34:28.000
They were dug
into granite rocks,

600
00:34:28.200 --> 00:34:30.160
a material harder
than hardened steel?

601
00:34:30.360 --> 00:34:33.320
On these images, the surfaces
appear to resemble cement.

602
00:34:33.520 --> 00:34:35.680
However,
this is an optical illusion

603
00:34:35.880 --> 00:34:37.800
due to the light
and the transparent granite crystals

604
00:34:38.000 --> 00:34:41.800
polished to the extreme,
giving the feel of a rough surface.

605
00:34:42.000 --> 00:34:44.200
In reality, they are like this,
everywhere.

606
00:34:45.360 --> 00:34:47.720
I asked Jean-Louis Boistel,
an experienced stone cutter

607
00:34:47.920 --> 00:34:49.880
who has been working granite
for over 40 years

608
00:34:50.080 --> 00:34:52.600
without any modern tools,
for his opinion.

609
00:34:52.800 --> 00:34:54.760
I did not even have the time
to let him know

610
00:34:54.960 --> 00:34:57.280
these images had been taken
with a highly sensitive camera

611
00:34:57.480 --> 00:35:00.240
that allows us to film in the dark
as if in full light.

612
00:35:00.440 --> 00:35:02.120
Indeed, with a normal camera

613
00:35:02.320 --> 00:35:03.920
this is what we get.

614
00:35:19.240 --> 00:35:21.400
[mysterious music]

615
00:36:56.160 --> 00:36:58.320
[epic music]

616
00:37:23.080 --> 00:37:24.960
Yet these caves are at least
2300 years old.

617
00:37:25.160 --> 00:37:26.360
The dating only relies

618
00:37:26.560 --> 00:37:28.960
upon the inscriptions carved
at the entrance of 3 of them.

619
00:37:29.160 --> 00:37:31.560
However, when looking
at these inscriptions in detail,

620
00:37:31.760 --> 00:37:33.520
we can see the work
is far from being as clean

621
00:37:33.720 --> 00:37:36.120
as the work produced
inside the caves.

622
00:37:36.320 --> 00:37:37.200
In the most complex cave,

623
00:37:37.400 --> 00:37:39.720
the granite has literally become
flaky in some parts

624
00:37:39.920 --> 00:37:41.200
which is a natural phenomenon

625
00:37:41.400 --> 00:37:44.720
suggesting that these caves
may be older than we think.

626
00:37:44.920 --> 00:37:46.080
In this massive stone,

627
00:37:46.280 --> 00:37:48.240
2 caves have been carved
on that side.

628
00:37:48.440 --> 00:37:50.880
The one on the left
is fully completed inside

629
00:37:51.080 --> 00:37:53.240
and the entryway
also appears to be finished.

630
00:37:53.440 --> 00:37:55.640
The one on the right
displays a curved porch

631
00:37:55.840 --> 00:37:58.440
Buddhist-style, corresponding
to the era of King Ashoka,

632
00:37:58.640 --> 00:38:01.000
but the inside is unfinished.

633
00:38:01.640 --> 00:38:03.960
The side
is surface-sized over 3 sides.

634
00:38:04.160 --> 00:38:07.280
But the vault, the ground
and the dome are still raw.

635
00:38:08.120 --> 00:38:10.560
We don't understand why
the completed cave

636
00:38:10.760 --> 00:38:12.840
is not the one with the porch,
obviously special,

637
00:38:13.040 --> 00:38:15.240
as it is the only cave to have one.

638
00:38:15.440 --> 00:38:17.520
Why was it not completed?

639
00:38:17.720 --> 00:38:19.560
When looking
at the porch more closely,

640
00:38:19.760 --> 00:38:22.280
we can see the work is easy
on the eye, so to speak.

641
00:38:22.480 --> 00:38:24.240
But, as beautiful as it may look,

642
00:38:24.440 --> 00:38:26.200
it cannot be compared
to the work accomplished

643
00:38:26.400 --> 00:38:27.920
on the inside walls of the cave.

644
00:39:02.120 --> 00:39:04.640
This porch is off-centre
not vertical.

645
00:39:04.840 --> 00:39:06.800
It is nothing
compared to the precision

646
00:39:07.000 --> 00:39:09.280
in the construction of the caves.

647
00:39:09.480 --> 00:39:12.880
[soft music]

648
00:39:17.560 --> 00:39:18.960
According to some archaeologists,

649
00:39:19.600 --> 00:39:21.640
this uncompleted cave
could explain in detail

650
00:39:21.840 --> 00:39:24.240
how the other caves
would have been constructed.

651
00:39:24.440 --> 00:39:26.080
It is hard,
when looking at this work

652
00:39:26.280 --> 00:39:29.200
to imagine it might one day
resemble this.

653
00:39:33.120 --> 00:39:36.000
[soft music]

654
00:39:42.600 --> 00:39:43.840
Even more impossible

655
00:39:44.040 --> 00:39:46.640
as the hits on the vault
go too deep in some areas.

656
00:40:12.080 --> 00:40:13.840
This cave
seems to show a failed attempt

657
00:40:14.040 --> 00:40:16.680
maybe done on a cave
that was discovered unfinished.

658
00:40:19.440 --> 00:40:21.920
A king would not take over a cave
already completed

659
00:40:22.120 --> 00:40:25.200
but would more likely finish a cave
including some modifications.

660
00:40:25.400 --> 00:40:27.640
which would explain the difference
in levels on the ground.

661
00:40:27.840 --> 00:40:29.800
And maybe
his men did not succeed.

662
00:40:30.000 --> 00:40:33.400
Of course this is
pure speculation on my part.

663
00:40:33.600 --> 00:40:35.760
The contrast
between the surface-sized wall

664
00:40:35.960 --> 00:40:38.760
and the ceiling seems
to confirm the idea of a re-use.

665
00:40:38.960 --> 00:40:40.800
We would need
further study of this room

666
00:40:41.000 --> 00:40:43.240
in order to comprehend fully
the chronology in the work

667
00:40:43.440 --> 00:40:46.240
and confirm
or set aside this hypothesis.

668
00:40:46.920 --> 00:40:50.440
We measured the surfaces with
the roughness-measuring device.

669
00:40:52.880 --> 00:40:55.400
[intriguing music]

670
00:41:03.040 --> 00:41:05.480
[speaking foreign language]

671
00:41:12.920 --> 00:41:15.400
There is an average difference
of a few microns.

672
00:41:15.600 --> 00:41:18.760
These surfaces are almost
as smooth as glass.

673
00:41:19.080 --> 00:41:21.760
[mysterious music]

674
00:41:21.960 --> 00:41:23.680
But it was when we took
the measurements

675
00:41:23.880 --> 00:41:26.080
that I started to understand.

676
00:41:26.280 --> 00:41:29.520
The precision tolerance varies
between about 2 and 5 mm.

677
00:41:29.720 --> 00:41:32.000
The takings of measurements
with a rangefinder

678
00:41:32.200 --> 00:41:34.000
are difficult
because the walls are tilted.

679
00:41:34.200 --> 00:41:37.760
What tools were used to accomplish
such an exact work?

680
00:41:38.600 --> 00:41:40.920
Some defects
in the polishing do confirm

681
00:41:41.120 --> 00:41:42.320
that these caves were hand-made

682
00:41:42.520 --> 00:41:44.960
which renders the need for accuracy
even more pronounced.

683
00:41:45.160 --> 00:41:46.640
When I say "hand-made"

684
00:41:46.840 --> 00:41:49.160
I am considering quite powerful
portable tools

685
00:41:49.360 --> 00:41:51.000
besides simple chisels
and hammers.

686
00:41:51.200 --> 00:41:52.440
But why such precision?

687
00:41:52.640 --> 00:41:53.920
What is the point?

688
00:41:55.600 --> 00:41:57.480
[mysterious music]

689
00:41:57.680 --> 00:41:59.280
A gap of a few centimeters

690
00:41:59.480 --> 00:42:02.600
would be difficult to see
with a naked eye and in full light.

691
00:42:02.800 --> 00:42:03.880
I was leaving Barabar

692
00:42:04.080 --> 00:42:06.720
with the feeling that these caves
had more to offer.

693
00:42:06.920 --> 00:42:09.720
However we could no longer settle
for a roughness-measuring device

694
00:42:09.920 --> 00:42:12.440
and a rangefinder,
we needed more precise equipment.

695
00:42:12.640 --> 00:42:14.840
From Easter Island
to India, via Peru,

696
00:42:15.040 --> 00:42:17.160
we may observe
2 very different styles.

697
00:42:17.360 --> 00:42:19.960
The work that is the most ancient
is also the largest

698
00:42:20.160 --> 00:42:22.120
the most precise
and the best assembled.

699
00:42:22.320 --> 00:42:25.520
It is the case on Easter Island,
At Ollantaytambo,

700
00:42:26.000 --> 00:42:27.240
at Machu Picchu

701
00:42:28.200 --> 00:42:29.480
at Naupa Iglesia

702
00:42:30.600 --> 00:42:31.920
and in Egypt.

703
00:42:33.600 --> 00:42:35.000
Why this need for accuracy?

704
00:42:37.000 --> 00:42:39.200
[soft music]

705
00:42:39.400 --> 00:42:41.160
I was leaving for Egypt
with Erik Gonthier

706
00:42:41.360 --> 00:42:42.800
who was growing
more and more embarrassed

707
00:42:43.000 --> 00:42:44.120
by all of our discoveries.

708
00:42:44.680 --> 00:42:47.000
Few scientists accept to appear
in these types of movies,

709
00:42:47.200 --> 00:42:50.320
afraid to look like raving lunatics
in the eyes of their colleagues.

710
00:42:50.520 --> 00:42:52.600
But like me,
he wanted to understand.

711
00:42:52.800 --> 00:42:55.320
Neither he nor I had any hypothesis.

712
00:42:55.520 --> 00:42:57.960
I was just unravelling the facts
following an intuition

713
00:42:58.160 --> 00:43:00.080
I was looking to validate
through reason

714
00:43:00.280 --> 00:43:02.920
whilst he was taking
measurements and data.

715
00:43:22.080 --> 00:43:23.720
The granite
used to build the sarcophagi

716
00:43:23.920 --> 00:43:26.080
comes from one
of the quarries in Aswan

717
00:43:26.280 --> 00:43:28.120
about 900 km away
from Saqqarah

718
00:43:28.320 --> 00:43:30.880
located 1km away
from the Nile river,

719
00:43:31.080 --> 00:43:33.520
distance on which the 22 sarcophagi

720
00:43:33.720 --> 00:43:35.520
had to be transported.

721
00:43:35.720 --> 00:43:37.760
[traditional music]

722
00:43:45.600 --> 00:43:48.480
However, despite it being
an extraordinary work

723
00:43:48.680 --> 00:43:52.400
surfaces are a little less precise
than the ones observed at Barabar.

724
00:44:06.720 --> 00:44:08.640
How did these 22 sarcophagi

725
00:44:08.840 --> 00:44:11.360
and their lids get moved
into such a small space?

726
00:44:13.240 --> 00:44:16.520
Why, yet again,
the need for such accuracy

727
00:44:16.720 --> 00:44:18.400
for sarcophagi
destined to hold bulls

728
00:44:18.600 --> 00:44:20.760
even if these bulls were sacred?

729
00:44:21.640 --> 00:44:22.960
How did they work underground?

730
00:44:23.720 --> 00:44:26.920
How did they get enough light
to accomplish such polishing?

731
00:44:27.120 --> 00:44:29.400
What were their tools?
How did they breathe?

732
00:44:29.600 --> 00:44:33.000
Have Egyptologists looked into these
questions in their publications?

733
00:44:33.200 --> 00:44:34.360
If this is the case

734
00:44:34.560 --> 00:44:36.360
I am more than curious
to know the answers.

735
00:44:36.560 --> 00:44:38.360
Because these are the types
of tools shown

736
00:44:38.560 --> 00:44:40.160
when one talks about
the stone cutting techniques

737
00:44:40.360 --> 00:44:41.640
of Ancient Egypt.

738
00:44:41.840 --> 00:44:44.200
When we're looking to Ancient Egypt

739
00:44:44.400 --> 00:44:49.960
and we follow their civilization
over a 3000 year period,

740
00:44:50.160 --> 00:44:54.680
we are told that they used
very simple tools

741
00:44:54.880 --> 00:44:57.120
at the beginning
of their civilization,

742
00:44:57.320 --> 00:45:00.960
such as copper chisels,
wooden mallets,

743
00:45:01.160 --> 00:45:03.160
stone chisels, stone hammers...

744
00:45:03.360 --> 00:45:06.720
and then you follow the progress
of that civilization

745
00:45:06.920 --> 00:45:09.680
over 3000 years
and it ends up :

746
00:45:09.880 --> 00:45:12.720
they're still using
the same tools as they started with.

747
00:45:12.920 --> 00:45:14.000
that doesn't make sense.

748
00:45:14.680 --> 00:45:16.800
Christopher Dunn offers
the vision of an engineer

749
00:45:17.000 --> 00:45:18.480
through all of his observations,

750
00:45:18.680 --> 00:45:19.840
no matter
what the techniques are

751
00:45:20.040 --> 00:45:23.080
the thought process is rigorously
the same throughout the ages.

752
00:45:23.280 --> 00:45:26.000
Especially regarding the complex
structure of Ancient Egypt.

753
00:45:26.200 --> 00:45:27.400
Tools had to evolve.

754
00:45:27.600 --> 00:45:29.920
we go from a single stone
to a stone tied up to a medium

755
00:45:30.120 --> 00:45:32.200
then, little by little,
the tool is perfected.

756
00:45:32.400 --> 00:45:35.080
However, and despite the fact
that master pieces were created

757
00:45:35.280 --> 00:45:38.640
for some unknown reason,
it may have not happened that way.

758
00:45:43.600 --> 00:45:45.760
[traditional music]

759
00:46:13.000 --> 00:46:17.240
Particularly when you look into
what they created,

760
00:46:17.440 --> 00:46:20.680
because the tools they have found
in the archaeological records

761
00:46:20.880 --> 00:46:25.760
are not capable to create
these artifacts from that period.

762
00:46:26.920 --> 00:46:29.160
Convinced for over 20 years
that the Egyptians

763
00:46:29.360 --> 00:46:31.040
are indeed the creators
of these structures,

764
00:46:31.240 --> 00:46:33.400
Christopher Dunn
has been tracking down their tools.

765
00:46:33.960 --> 00:46:36.960
Clearly more elaborated in regard
to their constructions

766
00:46:37.160 --> 00:46:39.400
which he explains in detail
in his work

767
00:46:41.040 --> 00:46:43.680
[traditional music]

768
00:46:55.280 --> 00:46:59.000
Each stone of the outer wall weighs
between 200 and 400 tons.

769
00:46:59.200 --> 00:47:01.080
It's completely surreal.

770
00:47:01.280 --> 00:47:03.840
So much so in fact that nobody
has tried to discover

771
00:47:04.040 --> 00:47:05.880
how they could have done this.

772
00:47:13.720 --> 00:47:15.600
Theses stones have then been
covered by granite paving

773
00:47:16.240 --> 00:47:18.280
from Aswan, as usual.

774
00:47:20.720 --> 00:47:24.040
We notice that these massive stones
all have different shapes

775
00:47:24.240 --> 00:47:25.880
fitting together accurately.

776
00:47:26.080 --> 00:47:29.400
I have never heard nor read
any serious explanation

777
00:47:29.600 --> 00:47:31.280
regarding
the building of this temple

778
00:47:31.480 --> 00:47:34.720
as if piling up stones
weighing 200 to 400 tons

779
00:47:34.920 --> 00:47:36.200
was just child's play.

780
00:47:36.400 --> 00:47:38.880
For some, the builders would have
used ramps to raise them.

781
00:47:39.080 --> 00:47:40.160
Others mention hoists.

782
00:47:40.360 --> 00:47:41.800
Get some information regarding

783
00:47:42.000 --> 00:47:43.960
the difficulty of transporting
such heavy loads

784
00:47:44.160 --> 00:47:46.080
and you will understand
that the enigma

785
00:47:46.280 --> 00:47:47.560
is far from being solved.

786
00:47:47.760 --> 00:47:51.320
sites which, according to our
History have nothing in common

787
00:47:51.520 --> 00:47:52.560
except for the fact

788
00:47:52.760 --> 00:47:54.320
that they have been
created by people

789
00:47:54.520 --> 00:47:56.440
who were barely clothed.

790
00:47:59.520 --> 00:48:01.760
The temple of the Valley
is located below Giza

791
00:48:01.960 --> 00:48:05.080
some hundred meters away
from the greatest of all pyramids.

792
00:48:05.280 --> 00:48:08.520
On the 30th Parallel,
about 4500 years ago

793
00:48:08.720 --> 00:48:11.120
the Great Pyramid of Giza
would have been built.

794
00:48:11.320 --> 00:48:13.800
if we go by the dating
of Egyptology.

795
00:48:14.000 --> 00:48:15.840
No text mentions its construction

796
00:48:16.040 --> 00:48:17.720
nor the construction
of the Median Pyramid

797
00:48:17.920 --> 00:48:20.400
also known as Khafre Pyramid,

798
00:48:20.600 --> 00:48:23.600
nor the small one, also known as
Mikerinos Pyramid.

799
00:48:23.800 --> 00:48:25.560
In fact, this is not quite right.

800
00:48:25.760 --> 00:48:28.600
fragments of papyrus dated
from the end of the 4th dynasty

801
00:48:28.800 --> 00:48:30.240
discovered in 2013

802
00:48:30.440 --> 00:48:33.040
do mention the transport
of limestone blocks from Tourah,

803
00:48:33.240 --> 00:48:35.640
those used for the cladding
of the great Pyramid,

804
00:48:35.840 --> 00:48:36.640
but nothing else.

805
00:48:36.840 --> 00:48:39.960
no reference to the more than
2 million blocks of limestone

806
00:48:40.160 --> 00:48:42.000
that came from other quarries.

807
00:48:47.600 --> 00:48:49.720
Its construction remains an enigma
to this day.

808
00:48:50.680 --> 00:48:53.400
The site of Giza is built
over a limestone plateau

809
00:48:53.600 --> 00:48:55.280
originally
made of flattened hills

810
00:48:55.480 --> 00:48:57.160
as we can see
on the median Pyramid.

811
00:48:59.560 --> 00:49:02.200
For the Great Pyramid,
the builders kept part of the hill.

812
00:49:02.400 --> 00:49:05.360
Some kind of giant pivot
of about 6 meters high

813
00:49:05.560 --> 00:49:07.480
around which it was built.

814
00:49:08.080 --> 00:49:11.080
First, they paved about 60 000
square meters in surface

815
00:49:11.280 --> 00:49:12.800
minus the surface of the pivot

816
00:49:13.000 --> 00:49:15.000
which allowed them to keep
a great part of the blocks

817
00:49:15.200 --> 00:49:17.360
for the construction.
But these paving blocks,

818
00:49:17.560 --> 00:49:19.800
weighing a ton anda half on average
are not all identical

819
00:49:20.000 --> 00:49:21.120
and have complex shapes

820
00:49:21.320 --> 00:49:23.640
which makes joining them
even more complicated.

821
00:49:23.840 --> 00:49:26.120
This is even more complex
as the ground has been carved

822
00:49:26.320 --> 00:49:28.000
in order to insert these blocks.

823
00:49:28.200 --> 00:49:29.680
It is a giant puzzle in 3D.

824
00:49:30.960 --> 00:49:33.400
Once this was completed
they built the base of the pyramid

825
00:49:33.600 --> 00:49:34.560
which is almost flat

826
00:49:34.760 --> 00:49:36.880
as noted by the Egyptologist
Mark Lehner.

827
00:49:37.080 --> 00:49:39.400
He detected a difference
of only a few centimeters

828
00:49:39.600 --> 00:49:41.600
from one end to the other
of the pavestone

829
00:49:41.800 --> 00:49:45.120
which spreads over 230 meters
in length.

830
00:49:45.320 --> 00:49:47.680
We do wonder a lot about the means
to obtain such precision

831
00:49:47.880 --> 00:49:50.600
with the basic tools commonly
attributed to the Egyptians.

832
00:49:50.800 --> 00:49:53.720
That is, if they were indeed
the builders of this site.

833
00:49:53.920 --> 00:49:56.720
Then, they piled up over 2 million
limestone blocks

834
00:49:56.920 --> 00:49:58.840
in successive rounds up to the top.

835
00:49:59.040 --> 00:50:02.360
There again, we can see the height
of the rounds is not the same

836
00:50:02.560 --> 00:50:04.240
and the blocks
all have different shapes

837
00:50:04.440 --> 00:50:07.040
meaning that they did not place
the blocks randomly.

838
00:50:08.880 --> 00:50:10.640
The work was done
with such precision

839
00:50:10.840 --> 00:50:14.160
that the edges of the pyramid
remain unbroken up to the top.

840
00:50:16.960 --> 00:50:18.440
Today, the blocks of the cladding

841
00:50:18.640 --> 00:50:21.000
made of limestone from Tourah
are missing.

842
00:50:21.200 --> 00:50:23.920
[enigmatic music]

843
00:50:24.120 --> 00:50:26.560
Blocks may have fallen down
following a violent earthquake

844
00:50:26.760 --> 00:50:27.720
in the 14th century,

845
00:50:27.920 --> 00:50:30.800
cladding we can still see
on the top of the median pyramid.

846
00:50:31.000 --> 00:50:33.000
Cladding that rendered
the great pyramid

847
00:50:33.200 --> 00:50:35.040
entirely smooth from the outside.

848
00:50:39.400 --> 00:50:42.320
It was oriented with stupefying
precision to True North

849
00:50:42.520 --> 00:50:44.720
with variation
of only 1/500th of a degree,

850
00:50:44.920 --> 00:50:46.160
precision
that would take us

851
00:50:46.360 --> 00:50:47.640
thousands of years
to achieve again

852
00:50:47.840 --> 00:50:49.960
even
with our modern equipment.

853
00:50:50.920 --> 00:50:52.720
The first difficulty
was to establish

854
00:50:52.920 --> 00:50:55.520
directing lines on the ground
with such precision.

855
00:50:55.720 --> 00:50:56.800
And the second,

856
00:50:57.000 --> 00:50:58.320
to raise the 2 million blocks,

857
00:50:58.520 --> 00:51:00.280
while maintaining this precision.

858
00:51:00.480 --> 00:51:01.840
How did they do it?

859
00:51:02.040 --> 00:51:03.600
No one knows.

860
00:51:05.240 --> 00:51:07.520
The base of the great pyramid
is not a perfect square

861
00:51:07.720 --> 00:51:09.360
but is slightly octagonal.

862
00:51:09.560 --> 00:51:11.880
This indentation is visible
on these images

863
00:51:12.080 --> 00:51:13.680
as well as on satellites pictures.

864
00:51:13.880 --> 00:51:17.560
For unknown reasons, the small
pyramid also has this oddity.

865
00:51:17.760 --> 00:51:19.600
but not the median pyramid.

866
00:51:19.800 --> 00:51:21.640
What does it imply?

867
00:51:21.840 --> 00:51:25.280
On top of managing raising each
round of blocks of various sizes

868
00:51:25.480 --> 00:51:28.680
they also had to deal with this
indentation right up to the top,

869
00:51:28.880 --> 00:51:31.040
considerably complicating
construction.

870
00:51:31.240 --> 00:51:33.320
The great pyramid
was so smooth

871
00:51:33.520 --> 00:51:36.800
that it made it impossible to see
the entryway on the north face.

872
00:51:37.000 --> 00:51:40.040
How can we confirm this
with confidence?

873
00:51:40.840 --> 00:51:42.560
Because, if this was not the case

874
00:51:42.760 --> 00:51:45.360
in the 9th century,
the men of the Caliph Al Mammoun

875
00:51:45.560 --> 00:51:47.880
would not have dug a long tunnel
within the great pyramid,

876
00:51:48.080 --> 00:51:51.240
only a few meters
below the actual entryway.

877
00:51:52.000 --> 00:51:54.560
This confirms
that still at that time,

878
00:51:54.760 --> 00:51:56.600
no entryway was visible.

879
00:51:56.800 --> 00:51:58.560
Moreover, either
they were well informed

880
00:51:58.760 --> 00:51:59.800
or they got really lucky

881
00:52:00.000 --> 00:52:02.440
as the tunnel was dug up on the
accurate face of the Pyramid

882
00:52:02.640 --> 00:52:04.000
and precisely reached the junction

883
00:52:04.200 --> 00:52:06.320
of the ascending
and descending hallways.

884
00:52:06.520 --> 00:52:07.720
We notice, in passing

885
00:52:07.920 --> 00:52:10.440
in this hallway, that all
the inside layers of the blocks

886
00:52:10.640 --> 00:52:12.520
are set up together
accurately.

887
00:52:12.720 --> 00:52:15.080
we feel as though we are
in a compact limestone mass.

888
00:52:15.280 --> 00:52:18.040
It gives an idea
of the overall work.

889
00:52:18.720 --> 00:52:20.640
According to
Professor André Pochan,

890
00:52:20.840 --> 00:52:22.120
mathematician,
physicist and teacher

891
00:52:22.320 --> 00:52:23.880
at Cairo High School
in the thirties,

892
00:52:24.080 --> 00:52:24.880
this indentation

893
00:52:25.080 --> 00:52:26.640
would have allowed
for what he called

894
00:52:26.840 --> 00:52:28.560
"the lightning phenomenon",

895
00:52:28.760 --> 00:52:30.760
precisely indicating the equinoxes

896
00:52:30.960 --> 00:52:33.960
as seen on this aerial picture
by the Royal Air Force.

897
00:52:34.160 --> 00:52:35.960
This led him to photograph
this phenomenon

898
00:52:36.160 --> 00:52:38.120
on the 21st of March 1934,

899
00:52:38.320 --> 00:52:41.320
using infrared cameras, the height
of technology at the time,

900
00:52:41.520 --> 00:52:44.600
in order to show the temperature
differences on the south face,

901
00:52:44.800 --> 00:52:48.600
here in these 3 photographs
taken 15 seconds apart.

902
00:52:48.800 --> 00:52:50.240
Thanks to this indentation

903
00:52:50.440 --> 00:52:52.760
when the sun reaches the ridge
at the time of the equinox,

904
00:52:52.960 --> 00:52:55.840
it first lightens up half of
the south face for a few seconds,

905
00:52:56.040 --> 00:52:57.560
dividing it in 2 equal parts,

906
00:52:57.760 --> 00:52:59.520
then goes on
to illuminate the whole of it

907
00:52:59.720 --> 00:53:01.600
leading to
what Professor Pochan baptised

908
00:53:01.800 --> 00:53:03.240
"the lightning".

909
00:53:03.720 --> 00:53:06.600
For some, Pochan is mistaken
as, according to them,

910
00:53:06.800 --> 00:53:09.680
the cladding of the Great Pyramid
did not have any indentation.

911
00:53:09.880 --> 00:53:12.320
To confirm this, they are looking
at the few cladding blocks

912
00:53:12.520 --> 00:53:14.480
visible on the North face
of the Great Pyramid.

913
00:53:14.680 --> 00:53:16.120
There again,
when you look further,

914
00:53:16.320 --> 00:53:18.720
you will find that these blocks
are not the original ones.

915
00:53:18.920 --> 00:53:19.920
You can see them here,

916
00:53:20.120 --> 00:53:21.600
photographed
by the Morton brothers.

917
00:53:21.800 --> 00:53:24.200
Despite some damage, these blocks
are in excellent condition

918
00:53:24.400 --> 00:53:25.760
when compared
to the blocks behind them,

919
00:53:25.960 --> 00:53:28.960
which have not been exposed
to the air since the 14th Century.

920
00:53:29.160 --> 00:53:31.840
Here you can see them
a century later, quite eroded.

921
00:53:35.600 --> 00:53:36.880
Let's reason logically.

922
00:53:37.080 --> 00:53:40.120
Why would these builders have
considerably complicated their work

923
00:53:40.320 --> 00:53:42.160
by managing the raising
of indented faces

924
00:53:42.360 --> 00:53:43.840
with blocks of various sizes

925
00:53:44.040 --> 00:53:45.440
in order, after that

926
00:53:45.640 --> 00:53:48.840
to set up flat cladding blocks
to fill in this indentation?

927
00:53:49.520 --> 00:53:51.280
Should Professor Pochan be right

928
00:53:51.480 --> 00:53:55.080
Imagine the complexity of both
the design and the execution here.

929
00:53:56.760 --> 00:53:58.520
Let's move
to the internal structure,

930
00:53:58.720 --> 00:54:01.920
considered by many to be
a building site in itself.

931
00:54:03.680 --> 00:54:05.640
It is made up of 2 main hallways.

932
00:54:05.840 --> 00:54:07.760
The descending hallway
crosses the foundation

933
00:54:07.960 --> 00:54:09.680
to then plummet
to the limestone plateau,

934
00:54:09.880 --> 00:54:11.680
oriented at 26,18 degrees.

935
00:54:11.880 --> 00:54:13.480
Please do remember this number.

936
00:54:13.680 --> 00:54:16.600
Leading to the unfinished
underground chamber.

937
00:54:16.800 --> 00:54:19.280
The ascending hallway
leads to the median chamber

938
00:54:19.480 --> 00:54:21.800
then to the high chamber,
crossing the Great Gallery.

939
00:54:22.000 --> 00:54:25.800
It also carries
a gradient of 26,18 degrees.

940
00:54:26.520 --> 00:54:29.120
This internal structure
defies all logic

941
00:54:29.320 --> 00:54:31.800
We are moving from a
1 meter by 1 meter hallway

942
00:54:32.000 --> 00:54:35.680
to a room 8,5 meters high
over 50 meters in length

943
00:54:35.880 --> 00:54:39.280
whose purpose, if any,
remains totally unknown.

944
00:54:40.840 --> 00:54:43.760
The median chamber
is entirely built of limestone.

945
00:54:43.960 --> 00:54:47.760
It has a chevron ceiling
and a curiously off-center niche.

946
00:54:48.000 --> 00:54:50.480
[dramatic music]

947
00:54:50.680 --> 00:54:53.760
And finally the High Chamber.

948
00:54:53.960 --> 00:54:56.680
This chamber is made
exclusively of granite slabs.

949
00:54:56.880 --> 00:54:59.880
It is the only place in the pyramid
where they are found,

950
00:55:00.080 --> 00:55:04.360
granite from Aswan,
located 900 km away from Giza.

951
00:55:04.560 --> 00:55:07.360
These slabs weigh
between 12 and 70 tons

952
00:55:07.880 --> 00:55:09.120
They were extracted here,

953
00:55:09.320 --> 00:55:11.560
may have been
transported over the Nile River

954
00:55:11.760 --> 00:55:13.520
raised 40 meters
on the Giza Plateau

955
00:55:13.720 --> 00:55:15.600
then another 50 meters
in the pyramid

956
00:55:15.800 --> 00:55:17.360
to be precisely configured
to guarantee

957
00:55:17.560 --> 00:55:20.920
the horizontality
and the verticality of the room.

958
00:55:22.880 --> 00:55:25.960
Just this, in itself,
defies all reason.

959
00:55:28.040 --> 00:55:30.760
They needed to manage this building
site at the same time as the site

960
00:55:30.960 --> 00:55:33.640
where the limestone blocks
were extracted from. Why?

961
00:55:33.840 --> 00:55:36.840
The sarcophagus, for example, is
too big to go through the opening.

962
00:55:37.040 --> 00:55:39.200
Therefore
it needed to be placed inside

963
00:55:39.400 --> 00:55:41.920
prior to erecting the sidewalls.

964
00:55:42.120 --> 00:55:44.200
One may talk for a long time
about how to maneuver

965
00:55:44.400 --> 00:55:47.760
and adjust such heavy blocks
with great accuracy.

966
00:55:47.960 --> 00:55:51.720
but Let's talk about Egyptology
and what it has to teach us.

967
00:55:51.920 --> 00:55:54.240
One would have employed
about 15 000 men

968
00:55:54.440 --> 00:55:56.880
over a 20-year period
to build the great pyramid.

969
00:55:57.080 --> 00:55:58.120
We know nothing of the tools

970
00:55:58.320 --> 00:56:00.840
and we can at best speculate
about the methods.

971
00:56:01.040 --> 00:56:03.120
We do not know more
about the complex management

972
00:56:03.320 --> 00:56:04.560
of building such a site.

973
00:56:04.760 --> 00:56:07.520
Getting them to eat, sleep,
healing them if necessary,

974
00:56:07.720 --> 00:56:11.640
since these workers lacked gloves
or any kind of footwear safety.

975
00:56:12.440 --> 00:56:14.600
This great endeavor
was reportedly undertaken

976
00:56:14.800 --> 00:56:17.320
to deliver a cenotaph
for King Kheops when he died,

977
00:56:17.520 --> 00:56:19.280
meaning it was utilized
during a ceremony

978
00:56:19.480 --> 00:56:22.160
allowing the soul of the King
to rise towards the heavens.

979
00:56:22.360 --> 00:56:23.960
Once the ritual
was accomplished,

980
00:56:24.160 --> 00:56:25.720
the pyramid
would be hermetically sealed

981
00:56:25.920 --> 00:56:28.360
and the mummy
would be transported elsewhere.

982
00:56:28.560 --> 00:56:31.800
There is no inscription anywhere,
no gigantic statue, no signature.

983
00:56:32.000 --> 00:56:33.880
the only thing left
from this megalomaniac king

984
00:56:34.080 --> 00:56:35.600
is a 7 cm statue

985
00:56:35.800 --> 00:56:38.480
and the testimony,
sometimes crazy, of Herodotus

986
00:56:38.680 --> 00:56:40.600
more than 2000 years later

987
00:56:40.800 --> 00:56:44.600
which is, in vast parts, the basis
for all of the theses of Egyptology.

988
00:56:46.200 --> 00:56:49.560
No matter what, 20 or even 30 years
to build the Great Pyramid

989
00:56:49.760 --> 00:56:51.440
appears to be totally impossible

990
00:56:51.640 --> 00:56:53.920
with regard
to the example that follows.

991
00:56:54.840 --> 00:56:56.720
Here is the entry
to the temple of Karnak

992
00:56:56.920 --> 00:56:58.760
that measures
about 110 meters in length,

993
00:56:58.960 --> 00:57:01.480
40 meters in height
and 15 meters in width.

994
00:57:01.680 --> 00:57:03.720
it would have taken
17 years to be built.

995
00:57:03.920 --> 00:57:06.520
10 years for the basement, 7 years
for the rest of the building.

996
00:57:06.720 --> 00:57:10.120
And it would have been erected
a lot later than the Great Pyramid.

997
00:57:11.160 --> 00:57:12.600
But let's go back to Puma Punku,

998
00:57:12.800 --> 00:57:15.800
as I have not told you everything
about this site.

999
00:57:16.360 --> 00:57:19.000
It was during an interview
that one of the members of our team

1000
00:57:19.200 --> 00:57:21.840
had the intuition to measure
the H-shape blocks,

1001
00:57:22.040 --> 00:57:24.600
which is what we did straight away.

1002
00:57:24.800 --> 00:57:28.120
This gap is set
at exactly 22 cm.

1003
00:57:29.720 --> 00:57:33.400
On another block, it is 21,9 cm.

1004
00:57:33.600 --> 00:57:35.280
or a 1 mm difference.

1005
00:57:35.480 --> 00:57:37.080
[dramatic music]

1006
00:57:42.440 --> 00:57:44.680
21,9 cm on a third one.

1007
00:57:44.880 --> 00:57:47.080
There again, 1 mm difference.

1008
00:57:47.280 --> 00:57:49.640
In the middle of the site
are 2 H-shaped blocks

1009
00:57:49.840 --> 00:57:51.040
in excellent condition.

1010
00:57:51.240 --> 00:57:52.360
At the back on the blocks,

1011
00:57:52.560 --> 00:57:54.560
one may see a pattern
in the shape of a cross

1012
00:57:54.760 --> 00:57:57.240
that we decided to go and measure.

1013
00:58:05.560 --> 00:58:08.040
[suspenseful action music]

1014
00:58:10.520 --> 00:58:13.120
[device beeping]

1015
00:58:13.320 --> 00:58:15.280
[incredulous laughter]

1016
00:58:58.480 --> 00:59:00.480
The H-shape blocks are 1 meter high.

1017
00:59:00.680 --> 00:59:03.040
The crosses are 30 cm in width.

1018
00:59:03.240 --> 00:59:05.680
This gap here, 22 cm.

1019
00:59:05.880 --> 00:59:07.240
We are in the metric system.

1020
00:59:29.480 --> 00:59:31.320
I told you Erik
was a courageous man.

1021
00:59:31.520 --> 00:59:33.000
The meter in a pre-Inca site

1022
00:59:33.200 --> 00:59:35.960
is not very easy to integrate
into the accepted chronology.

1023
00:59:36.160 --> 00:59:37.960
But why is it so disturbing?

1024
00:59:38.160 --> 00:59:39.160
Because, first of all,

1025
00:59:39.360 --> 00:59:41.320
the meter is based
on the measurements of the Earth.

1026
00:59:41.520 --> 00:59:44.280
So we can't define it
if one has not measured the Earth.

1027
00:59:44.480 --> 00:59:46.360
And secondly because the Earth
was measured

1028
00:59:46.560 --> 00:59:48.480
and the meter was set in 1795.

1029
00:59:48.680 --> 00:59:51.000
So unless one strongly believes
in coincidences,

1030
00:59:51.200 --> 00:59:54.280
logically, we should not find
this unit before this date.

1031
00:59:54.480 --> 00:59:56.600
And it is even more troubling
to find it on blocks

1032
00:59:56.800 --> 00:59:58.320
with such particular shapes,

1033
00:59:58.520 --> 01:00:02.640
which, if they were in wood, would
seem unnoticed in an Ikea store.

1034
01:00:03.440 --> 01:00:05.080
This must have been appreciated

1035
01:00:05.280 --> 01:00:06.960
because it was
identically reproduced

1036
01:00:07.160 --> 01:00:10.120
at an altitude of 4000 meters
in the middle of nowhere,

1037
01:00:10.320 --> 01:00:11.360
measured in meters.

1038
01:00:12.240 --> 01:00:13.760
We measured
three H-shape blocks

1039
01:00:13.960 --> 01:00:16.920
as the others were either
too deteriorated or unreachable.

1040
01:00:17.120 --> 01:00:19.520
They were
more readily available in 1892

1041
01:00:19.720 --> 01:00:22.440
when they were also measured
using the metric system.

1042
01:00:25.120 --> 01:00:26.000
So here is the problem.

1043
01:00:26.680 --> 01:00:29.320
Because the meter is connected
to the measurement of the Earth,

1044
01:00:29.520 --> 01:00:31.320
if pre-Inca people built this site,

1045
01:00:31.520 --> 01:00:33.160
then there are
not many possibilities.

1046
01:00:33.360 --> 01:00:34.200
Either it is by chance

1047
01:00:34.400 --> 01:00:36.400
or pre-Inca people
measured the Earth,

1048
01:00:36.600 --> 01:00:38.360
or this knowledge
was given to them.

1049
01:00:38.560 --> 01:00:40.840
Whether it was deliberate or not,
this meter is found elsewhere.

1050
01:00:41.720 --> 01:00:42.760
Let's go back to Egypt.

1051
01:00:42.960 --> 01:00:44.800
[tape rewinding then stopping]

1052
01:00:45.520 --> 01:00:47.160
This inscription
would have been carved

1053
01:00:47.360 --> 01:00:49.040
at the entrance
of the Plato Academy

1054
01:00:49.240 --> 01:00:50.840
but it could as well
have been carved

1055
01:00:51.040 --> 01:00:53.160
at the entrance
to the Great Pyramid.

1056
01:00:53.840 --> 01:00:55.560
Egyptians were taking
measurements in cubits

1057
01:00:55.760 --> 01:00:58.040
and the original dimensions
of the Great Pyramid

1058
01:00:58.240 --> 01:01:01.160
including its cladding,
dimensions everybody agrees on,

1059
01:01:01.360 --> 01:01:03.520
are 440 cubits at the base,

1060
01:01:03.720 --> 01:01:05.880
and 280 cubits in height.

1061
01:01:06.080 --> 01:01:08.440
In 1859, the Englishman
John Taylor

1062
01:01:08.640 --> 01:01:12.120
noticed that this dimension here,
divided by this one, would give Pi.

1063
01:01:13.200 --> 01:01:15.240
Egyptologists certify
that the Egyptians

1064
01:01:15.440 --> 01:01:17.800
only had a very basic
knowledge of mathematics

1065
01:01:18.000 --> 01:01:19.400
and that they did not know
about Pi

1066
01:01:19.600 --> 01:01:20.960
nor about the Golden Ratio.

1067
01:01:21.160 --> 01:01:23.520
The High Chamber, however
is built on a double square

1068
01:01:23.720 --> 01:01:26.400
which leads us
to the Golden Ratio geometry.

1069
01:01:27.920 --> 01:01:30.640
I know, numbers and mathematics
don't fascinate many people

1070
01:01:30.840 --> 01:01:33.520
but if I, who slept during
math class, manage to understand,

1071
01:01:33.720 --> 01:01:35.920
it can't be
as difficult as it seems.

1072
01:01:36.120 --> 01:01:38.760
First of all, let's introduce
quickly the Golden Ratio

1073
01:01:38.960 --> 01:01:40.400
to those of you who do no know it.

1074
01:01:40.600 --> 01:01:42.120
you will actually find
a lot of videos on the Internet

1075
01:01:42.320 --> 01:01:43.520
that will explain it in detail.

1076
01:01:44.120 --> 01:01:46.960
It is the Italian Leonardo Pisano
that publicized

1077
01:01:47.160 --> 01:01:49.600
in the 13th century,
the Fibonacci sequence,

1078
01:01:49.800 --> 01:01:52.040
where each number divided
by the previous one

1079
01:01:52.240 --> 01:01:56.440
results in a number that
progressively approaches 1,618.

1080
01:01:59.240 --> 01:02:02.280
It is a number, and more precisely
a ratio between 2 numbers

1081
01:02:02.480 --> 01:02:04.560
that is endless, just like Pi.

1082
01:02:04.760 --> 01:02:07.240
but with amazing
mathematical properties.

1083
01:02:07.560 --> 01:02:10.480
[suspenseful dramatic music]

1084
01:02:14.280 --> 01:02:15.680
No need to remember all that.

1085
01:02:15.880 --> 01:02:17.920
All you need to know is the logic.

1086
01:02:20.120 --> 01:02:21.680
Since it is a ratio system

1087
01:02:21.880 --> 01:02:24.080
we will use its variations,
even its square root

1088
01:02:24.280 --> 01:02:26.960
which is equal to 1,272.

1089
01:02:28.840 --> 01:02:30.360
If it has been called
the "divine proportion",

1090
01:02:30.560 --> 01:02:32.480
it is precisely
because we may observe it

1091
01:02:32.680 --> 01:02:35.400
statistically or in its average,
just about everywhere around us

1092
01:02:35.600 --> 01:02:37.720
in the minerals
through their angles,

1093
01:02:37.920 --> 01:02:39.560
in plants through the geometry
of their leaves,

1094
01:02:39.760 --> 01:02:41.320
the distribution of seeds,

1095
01:02:41.520 --> 01:02:43.680
amongst animals and Man,
like Da Vinci showed us,

1096
01:02:43.880 --> 01:02:46.920
or again in the arts, where
it would represent harmony.

1097
01:02:47.120 --> 01:02:49.400
Building when using
the geometry of the Golden Ratio

1098
01:02:49.600 --> 01:02:51.320
means attempting to imitate Nature,

1099
01:02:51.520 --> 01:02:53.200
or to reproduce
what we may perceive.

1100
01:02:53.800 --> 01:02:55.200
Do keep these numbers in mind

1101
01:02:55.400 --> 01:02:57.520
as they will cross our path again.

1102
01:02:57.720 --> 01:02:59.680
In order to take measurements,
one needs a reference:

1103
01:02:59.880 --> 01:03:01.400
the meter,
or the yard, for example.

1104
01:03:01.600 --> 01:03:02.720
In Egypt, they used the cubit

1105
01:03:02.920 --> 01:03:05.000
which actually varied,
according to some.

1106
01:03:05.200 --> 01:03:08.720
But in the Great Pyramid, its value
can be obtained with great certainty

1107
01:03:08.920 --> 01:03:12.280
since the High Chamber is made
of precisely assembled granite.

1108
01:03:12.480 --> 01:03:14.640
The value obtained through
the measurements of this room

1109
01:03:14.840 --> 01:03:20.360
varies between 0,5235 and 0,5236,

1110
01:03:20.560 --> 01:03:25.000
or 52 centimeters 3 millimeters
and 5 or 6 tenths of a millimeter.

1111
01:03:25.200 --> 01:03:27.480
It is the Royal Cubit,
used in the Great Pyramid.

1112
01:03:27.680 --> 01:03:30.160
But then, although these builders
didn't know about the "meter”,

1113
01:03:30.360 --> 01:03:33.080
their cubit is by some miracle
connected to it.

1114
01:03:33.280 --> 01:03:36.360
As the Frenchman Funk Hellet
demonstrated in 1956,

1115
01:03:36.560 --> 01:03:38.600
it can be obtained easily
through geometry.

1116
01:03:38.800 --> 01:03:41.920
This dimension is 1.
No unit, just 1.

1117
01:03:42.120 --> 01:03:44.320
The length of the circle is
this dimension times Pi.

1118
01:03:44.520 --> 01:03:45.840
So there we have Pi.

1119
01:03:46.040 --> 01:03:47.680
We divide the circle into 6 parts.

1120
01:03:47.880 --> 01:03:51.480
Each part equals 0,5236.

1121
01:03:51.680 --> 01:03:54.720
And what we have left
equals 2,618,

1122
01:03:54.920 --> 01:03:56.640
which is
the Golden Ratio squared.

1123
01:03:56.840 --> 01:03:58.960
These 3 numbers are connected
by this circle,

1124
01:03:59.160 --> 01:04:00.480
which has a diameter of 1.

1125
01:04:01.120 --> 01:04:03.040
I went and talked to a man
who's on the field

1126
01:04:03.240 --> 01:04:06.360
who has been working with ancient
measurements for decades.

1127
01:04:30.200 --> 01:04:33.160
If I want to measure this circle,
I will need a measuring unit.

1128
01:04:33.360 --> 01:04:34.960
Let's take the Yard.

1129
01:04:35.160 --> 01:04:36.600
So this dimension equals 1 yard

1130
01:04:36.800 --> 01:04:40.800
and this one here 0.5236 yards

1131
01:04:41.000 --> 01:04:43.280
It does not correspond
to anything in particular.

1132
01:04:43.480 --> 01:04:45.680
On the other hand,
if we choose the meter;

1133
01:04:45.880 --> 01:04:49.920
then this dimension
equals 0.5236 meters,

1134
01:04:50.120 --> 01:04:53.480
which is the value of the royal
cubit of the Great Pyramid.

1135
01:04:54.760 --> 01:04:58.520
This can only be sheer luck
as the meter was adopted in 1795

1136
01:04:58.720 --> 01:05:00.480
after the Earth was measured.

1137
01:05:00.680 --> 01:05:02.320
Sheer luck added to sheer luck

1138
01:05:02.520 --> 01:05:03.880
with simple shapes, our builders

1139
01:05:04.080 --> 01:05:05.960
also got the geometry
of the Golden Ratio

1140
01:05:06.160 --> 01:05:08.200
without even seeing it.

1141
01:05:08.400 --> 01:05:11.120
Let's take now the measurements
of the Great Pyramid in meters.

1142
01:05:11.320 --> 01:05:13.880
Thanks to its proportion,
if we divide this by that,

1143
01:05:14.080 --> 01:05:15.880
whichever measuring unit
we chose to use,

1144
01:05:16.080 --> 01:05:17.520
the result will be Pi.

1145
01:05:17.720 --> 01:05:18.880
But if we choose the meter,

1146
01:05:19.080 --> 01:05:21.440
this dimension
divided by this one equals Pi.

1147
01:05:21.640 --> 01:05:24.760
But this dimension
minus this one equals Pi x 100,

1148
01:05:24.960 --> 01:05:27.200
which only works with the meter.

1149
01:05:27.400 --> 01:05:30.920
Same dimensions,
a division and a subtraction.

1150
01:05:31.760 --> 01:05:33.080
In regard to the High Chamber,

1151
01:05:33.280 --> 01:05:35.120
amongst all the possible
choices of shapes,

1152
01:05:35.320 --> 01:05:37.080
they chose by chance,
a double square

1153
01:05:37.280 --> 01:05:38.760
opening the door to a geometry

1154
01:05:38.960 --> 01:05:40.320
they were not supposed
to know about.

1155
01:05:40.520 --> 01:05:42.400
The geometry of the Golden Ratio.

1156
01:05:42.600 --> 01:05:43.760
Then, to build this Chamber,

1157
01:05:43.960 --> 01:05:45.920
over all of possible
choices in dimensions,

1158
01:05:46.120 --> 01:05:48.160
the builders chose 10 by 20 cubits.

1159
01:05:48.360 --> 01:05:50.960
This dimension here is Pi
times 10 meters,

1160
01:05:51.160 --> 01:05:53.960
and this is only possible in meters.

1161
01:05:54.160 --> 01:05:58.440
This dimension here plus 2,618
meters equals this dimension.

1162
01:05:58.640 --> 01:06:02.560
This dimension plus 2,618 meters
equals this dimension.

1163
01:06:02.760 --> 01:06:05.920
Plus 2,618,
it is this dimension.

1164
01:06:06.120 --> 01:06:09.560
It can only happen because
the room measures 10 by 20 cubits.

1165
01:06:09.760 --> 01:06:12.800
If it had been 9 times 18,
or 11 times 22,

1166
01:06:13.000 --> 01:06:15.560
we would have had the Golden Ratio
or Pi in proportion,

1167
01:06:15.760 --> 01:06:17.200
but not in meters.

1168
01:06:17.400 --> 01:06:19.840
All of this makes no sense,
since, as I told you,

1169
01:06:20.040 --> 01:06:21.920
the meter was set in 1795.

1170
01:06:22.120 --> 01:06:23.440
Something is not right.

1171
01:06:23.640 --> 01:06:25.000
Need a break?

1172
01:06:28.360 --> 01:06:31.480
In a book on the Golden Ratio,
we learn that, in the Middle Ages

1173
01:06:31.680 --> 01:06:34.080
builders of Churches and Cathedrals
also used the cubit

1174
01:06:34.280 --> 01:06:36.800
which belongs to a measuring system
called the Quine.

1175
01:07:07.080 --> 01:07:09.280
Which means it is in proportion
with the Golden Ratio.

1176
01:07:09.480 --> 01:07:12.720
Look how its all arranging itself
ingenuously around a pentagon

1177
01:07:12.920 --> 01:07:14.960
so dear to the French Companions.

1178
01:07:35.440 --> 01:07:37.320
Amongst all these different cubits
in the Middle Ages,

1179
01:07:37.520 --> 01:07:38.840
one is very particular.

1180
01:07:39.040 --> 01:07:41.680
the Royal Cubit, carrying
the same value as the cubit

1181
01:07:41.880 --> 01:07:42.720
of the Great Pyramid.

1182
01:07:42.920 --> 01:07:44.720
but where does this medieval cubit
come from?

1183
01:08:07.480 --> 01:08:09.760
Which means that this cubit
was imposed by royalty,

1184
01:08:09.960 --> 01:08:12.000
who, more than 3500 years

1185
01:08:12.200 --> 01:08:13.760
after the building
of the Great Pyramid,

1186
01:08:13.960 --> 01:08:14.720
would have, by chance,

1187
01:08:14.920 --> 01:08:16.520
run into the same unit
of measurement.

1188
01:08:16.720 --> 01:08:19.160
A surprising choice
that we can't explain.

1189
01:08:34.120 --> 01:08:35.760
Exactly 20 cm,

1190
01:08:35.960 --> 01:08:38.520
Which is surprising, since the span
was widely established

1191
01:08:38.720 --> 01:08:40.560
prior to the meter.

1192
01:08:40.760 --> 01:08:44.120
By the way,
how was the meter established?

1193
01:08:45.000 --> 01:08:46.480
It was in 1795,

1194
01:08:46.680 --> 01:08:49.200
in relation to the meridional
circumference of our planet,

1195
01:08:49.400 --> 01:08:51.040
which means in relation to a circle

1196
01:08:51.240 --> 01:08:53.360
that goes round the Earth,
via the poles.

1197
01:08:54.800 --> 01:08:56.960
It was decided
that this circle would be divided

1198
01:08:57.160 --> 01:09:00.080
into 40 million parts,
or 40 million meters

1199
01:09:00.280 --> 01:09:03.320
which then gave the length
of the meter as we know it today.

1200
01:09:04.400 --> 01:09:05.920
If, instead of 40 million,

1201
01:09:06.120 --> 01:09:08.680
the circle had been divided
into 50 million parts,

1202
01:09:08.880 --> 01:09:11.440
the meter would have been
shorter by about 20 cm.

1203
01:09:12.440 --> 01:09:13.840
I then wondered,

1204
01:09:14.040 --> 01:09:16.320
"but why was it divided
into 40 million parts"?

1205
01:09:16.520 --> 01:09:18.600
Why not 36 million,
which would have been logical

1206
01:09:18.800 --> 01:09:21.080
since we divide a circle into 360°?

1207
01:09:21.280 --> 01:09:22.680
I did not find any response.

1208
01:09:22.880 --> 01:09:25.440
What did surprise me,
was that this choice of 40 million

1209
01:09:25.640 --> 01:09:27.040
has surprising consequences.

1210
01:09:28.200 --> 01:09:29.400
But, before we discuss that,

1211
01:09:29.600 --> 01:09:31.320
let's talk with Frenchman
Quentin Leplat

1212
01:09:31.520 --> 01:09:34.160
who wanted to statistically verify
the presence of the meter

1213
01:09:34.360 --> 01:09:37.400
by measuring all the churches' doors
within a specific region.

1214
01:10:39.680 --> 01:10:41.920
Obviously, some will say
that these medieval builders

1215
01:10:42.120 --> 01:10:43.920
were not thinking "meters"
but "spans"

1216
01:10:44.120 --> 01:10:46.200
and that we should not read
1 meter, but 5 spans.

1217
01:10:46.400 --> 01:10:49.240
Maybe, but when we put
all these facts back in order,

1218
01:10:49.440 --> 01:10:52.720
we realize what History
is usually asking us to adhere to.

1219
01:10:52.920 --> 01:10:54.640
The fact that the builders
of the Great Pyramid

1220
01:10:54.840 --> 01:10:56.880
may have, by chance
and without knowing it,

1221
01:10:57.080 --> 01:10:59.480
discovered a value
of the cubit connected with Pi,

1222
01:10:59.680 --> 01:11:02.560
the Golden Ratio
and, later, the meter.

1223
01:11:02.760 --> 01:11:05.360
That, in the Middle Ages,
and at the initiative of royalty,

1224
01:11:05.560 --> 01:11:08.040
medieval builders, by sheer luck,
may have implemented

1225
01:11:08.240 --> 01:11:10.880
the same royal cubit as the builders
of the Great Pyramid.

1226
01:11:11.080 --> 01:11:13.080
That, centuries later, by chance

1227
01:11:13.280 --> 01:11:15.320
one decided to divide
the circumference of the Earth

1228
01:11:15.520 --> 01:11:16.720
into 40 million parts

1229
01:11:16.920 --> 01:11:18.560
which would have given,
still by chance,

1230
01:11:18.760 --> 01:11:20.400
a value of the meter
equal to 5 spans,

1231
01:11:20.600 --> 01:11:23.760
and a royal cubit equal to Pi
divided by 6.

1232
01:11:23.960 --> 01:11:25.240
And when we chose
the meter,

1233
01:11:25.440 --> 01:11:27.000
nobody realized
that 5 spans

1234
01:11:27.200 --> 01:11:28.960
equalled precisely
1 meter.

1235
01:11:29.160 --> 01:11:30.400
By chance.

1236
01:11:30.600 --> 01:11:34.080
I don't know about you
but for me, it does not add-up.

1237
01:11:34.280 --> 01:11:36.840
Unless one is an unconditional
believer in chance

1238
01:11:37.040 --> 01:11:39.160
would it not be
more rational to imagine

1239
01:11:39.360 --> 01:11:40.560
that the person
who suggested to divide

1240
01:11:40.760 --> 01:11:43.000
the circumference of Earth
into 40 million parts

1241
01:11:43.200 --> 01:11:45.200
actually knew what he was doing?

1242
01:11:45.400 --> 01:11:47.240
And that,
as surprising as it might sound,

1243
01:11:47.440 --> 01:11:50.160
be a discrete and long multi
millennial transmission chain?

1244
01:11:51.440 --> 01:11:52.840
Because, what we also see

1245
01:11:53.040 --> 01:11:55.080
is that the choice to divide
the circumference of the Earth

1246
01:11:55.280 --> 01:11:56.520
into 40 million parts

1247
01:11:56.720 --> 01:11:58.000
means that the diameter
of our planet

1248
01:11:58.200 --> 01:12:00.960
almost equals the square root
of the Golden Ratio.

1249
01:12:02.000 --> 01:12:05.440
[wondrous music]

1250
01:12:05.640 --> 01:12:07.320
In any case, based on facts

1251
01:12:07.520 --> 01:12:10.240
the Royal Cubit, Pi,
the Golden Ratio and the meter

1252
01:12:10.440 --> 01:12:11.760
are all connected.

1253
01:12:11.960 --> 01:12:15.040
Everyone is free to verify this,
or to believe what they want.

1254
01:12:15.240 --> 01:12:17.600
Because what we believe
influences what we see.

1255
01:12:17.800 --> 01:12:21.080
Such is the case when facing certain
surprising objects from the past.

1256
01:12:23.400 --> 01:12:25.600
On this site, about 4500 years old,

1257
01:12:26.360 --> 01:12:28.720
one may find
these alabaster tanks.

1258
01:12:29.160 --> 01:12:31.960
And this second model,
a bit different.

1259
01:12:32.160 --> 01:12:34.360
[mysterious music]

1260
01:12:34.560 --> 01:12:36.840
We are told these tanks
were used during sacrifices

1261
01:12:37.040 --> 01:12:39.400
to collect the blood of the victims.

1262
01:12:41.440 --> 01:12:44.400
They look more like filling holes
rather than evacuation holes

1263
01:12:44.600 --> 01:12:46.920
since they are raised,
but what for?

1264
01:12:49.760 --> 01:12:51.720
These peculiar objects
lead us to believe

1265
01:12:51.920 --> 01:12:54.120
that they might have more
of a technical function

1266
01:12:54.320 --> 01:12:56.920
rather than a religious
or ritualistic one.

1267
01:13:02.520 --> 01:13:05.000
[soaring music]

1268
01:13:07.200 --> 01:13:08.800
This green schist discus

1269
01:13:09.000 --> 01:13:11.160
with a diameter of about 60 cm

1270
01:13:11.360 --> 01:13:14.200
was discovered in 1937
in the tomb of a prince

1271
01:13:14.400 --> 01:13:16.240
who lived about 5000 years ago.

1272
01:13:16.440 --> 01:13:18.200
We know this was a valuable
object for him

1273
01:13:18.400 --> 01:13:19.960
since he decided
to be buried with it.

1274
01:13:20.160 --> 01:13:22.520
However,
80 years after its discovery

1275
01:13:22.720 --> 01:13:24.920
we still have no idea
what its use may have been.

1276
01:13:25.120 --> 01:13:27.280
It was therefore put away
in the catch-all box

1277
01:13:27.480 --> 01:13:29.280
of "religious or decorative objects”

1278
01:13:29.480 --> 01:13:32.360
along with all other elements
that we do not understand.

1279
01:13:37.120 --> 01:13:39.160
Yet, looking at
the precision of its shape

1280
01:13:39.360 --> 01:13:41.240
we feel there is more to it.

1281
01:13:41.440 --> 01:13:45.240
Its central hub also seems
like it is intended to rotate.

1282
01:13:45.440 --> 01:13:47.760
But there is no proof
it has a technical function.

1283
01:13:47.960 --> 01:13:49.800
On the other hand
there's absolutely no doubt

1284
01:13:50.000 --> 01:13:51.960
about the nature of the object
that follows.

1285
01:13:52.160 --> 01:13:54.800
It represents,
at least 2000 years later

1286
01:13:55.000 --> 01:13:58.400
the mechanical expression
of the genius of the human spirit.

1287
01:13:58.600 --> 01:14:00.600
In the 50s,
a physician rediscovered

1288
01:14:00.800 --> 01:14:03.240
in the Athens museum,
this misunderstood fragment

1289
01:14:03.440 --> 01:14:06.680
coming from the shipwreck of a boat
that sank about 20 centuries ago.

1290
01:14:06.880 --> 01:14:08.120
Convinced of its importance,

1291
01:14:08.320 --> 01:14:10.320
he spent the rest
of his life studying it

1292
01:14:10.520 --> 01:14:13.480
but he died 20 years before
technology confirmed his intuition

1293
01:14:13.680 --> 01:14:15.800
when the object
was scanned slice by slice

1294
01:14:16.000 --> 01:14:17.320
in its depth.

1295
01:14:18.000 --> 01:14:21.000
[heart beating]

1296
01:15:34.840 --> 01:15:37.440
This represents
the skies at a given time

1297
01:15:37.640 --> 01:15:41.680
or to determine a date from
a specific pattern in the skies.

1298
01:15:41.880 --> 01:15:44.320
It models all the movements
of the visible planets

1299
01:15:44.520 --> 01:15:47.240
of the sun and the moon
and in a single movement,

1300
01:15:47.440 --> 01:15:48.360
turning the crank,

1301
01:15:48.560 --> 01:15:51.800
one will rotate the skies
up to where one wants them to be.

1302
01:16:00.040 --> 01:16:01.520
It is a perpetual mechanism.

1303
01:16:01.720 --> 01:16:05.440
It carries no less than
300 gears and toothed parts.

1304
01:16:05.640 --> 01:16:06.840
To design it,

1305
01:16:07.040 --> 01:16:10.480
the inventors needed necessarily
to know that the Earth is a sphere

1306
01:16:10.680 --> 01:16:13.040
and that the stars
rotate around the sun.

1307
01:16:25.720 --> 01:16:28.000
They knew precisely the cycles
of each of the planets

1308
01:16:28.200 --> 01:16:29.720
including the issue of the offset

1309
01:16:29.920 --> 01:16:31.520
between the lunar
and solar calendars

1310
01:16:31.720 --> 01:16:33.440
identified by the Greek Meton.

1311
01:16:41.200 --> 01:16:42.680
A calculation
that would be fine-tuned

1312
01:16:42.880 --> 01:16:45.400
a century later,
by Calipe de Cyzique.

1313
01:17:10.160 --> 01:17:11.840
On Mathias Buttet's initiative

1314
01:17:12.040 --> 01:17:14.640
the Hublot society decided
to reproduce this device.

1315
01:17:14.840 --> 01:17:16.400
But the first time
Mathias heard about it

1316
01:17:16.600 --> 01:17:18.080
he thought it was a joke.

1317
01:17:52.640 --> 01:17:54.120
As for the level
of mathematics required,

1318
01:17:54.320 --> 01:17:55.920
it is stupefying,

1319
01:17:56.120 --> 01:17:58.160
as the Antykithera mechanism
involves

1320
01:17:58.360 --> 01:18:00.080
complex differential movements.

1321
01:18:23.520 --> 01:18:26.200
The orbit of the moon
around the Earth is not circular

1322
01:18:26.400 --> 01:18:28.880
but elliptic which gives it,
from the Earth

1323
01:18:29.080 --> 01:18:29.880
a variable speed.

1324
01:18:30.080 --> 01:18:31.800
This is complicated to reproduce

1325
01:18:32.000 --> 01:18:35.280
as the gears generate
constant circular movements.

1326
01:19:18.720 --> 01:19:19.680
To this knowledge,

1327
01:19:19.880 --> 01:19:22.880
you have to add the mastery
in the fabrication of the gears.

1328
01:19:47.440 --> 01:19:49.240
What they might not dare
to say in front of the camera

1329
01:19:49.440 --> 01:19:51.360
in fear of upsetting
some archaeologists

1330
01:19:51.560 --> 01:19:54.880
is the level of mathematics required
to design such a mechanism

1331
01:19:55.080 --> 01:19:58.080
far beyond what is usually
attributed to the ancient Greeks.

1332
01:19:58.280 --> 01:20:01.200
Otherwise they would have needed
thousands of prototypes

1333
01:20:01.400 --> 01:20:03.560
to reach such a precise result.

1334
01:20:10.640 --> 01:20:11.720
Yes, because, in practice

1335
01:20:11.920 --> 01:20:13.760
it is way more complicated
than it looks.

1336
01:20:13.960 --> 01:20:17.040
Let's take the main wheel
which carries 223 teeth.

1337
01:20:17.240 --> 01:20:22.480
how do you easily break down
a circle into 223 equal parts?

1338
01:20:40.600 --> 01:20:42.360
Now, with the knowledge
of this device

1339
01:20:42.560 --> 01:20:44.800
some Greek scriptures
sound different.

1340
01:21:01.560 --> 01:21:02.480
If one needed proof

1341
01:21:02.680 --> 01:21:04.920
that tools or machines
did not survive the test of time,

1342
01:21:05.120 --> 01:21:07.360
this mechanism gives us
something to think about.

1343
01:21:07.560 --> 01:21:09.320
It was only 2000 years ago.

1344
01:21:09.520 --> 01:21:11.640
Egypt is 5000 years ago.

1345
01:21:25.440 --> 01:21:28.480
And the device would still work
had it not remained underwater.

1346
01:21:28.680 --> 01:21:31.880
How could a major episode
in the history of human engineering

1347
01:21:32.080 --> 01:21:33.560
have been lost from our History?

1348
01:21:33.760 --> 01:21:35.600
That the device was lost
is one thing

1349
01:21:35.800 --> 01:21:38.560
but that the very idea
of its existence be lost

1350
01:21:38.760 --> 01:21:41.280
is even more surprising
than this discovery

1351
01:21:41.480 --> 01:21:43.800
who was almost entirely
overlooked by Archaeology.

1352
01:22:14.640 --> 01:22:17.760
Just before leaving Athens,
go to the Acropolis.

1353
01:22:17.960 --> 01:22:20.360
I was not even surprised
to see such walls.

1354
01:22:20.560 --> 01:22:22.880
Chance is indeed a persistent thing.

1355
01:22:25.240 --> 01:22:26.960
[plane beeps]

1356
01:22:27.160 --> 01:22:29.440
If the Antikythera mechanism
forces us

1357
01:22:29.640 --> 01:22:32.760
to reconsider the evolution
of human science and technology,

1358
01:22:32.960 --> 01:22:34.840
one archaeological site

1359
01:22:35.040 --> 01:22:37.360
completely disrupts the chronology
of the settlements.

1360
01:22:37.560 --> 01:22:39.960
Its discovery is a live grenade.

1361
01:22:40.160 --> 01:22:41.680
You will see the problem.

1362
01:22:43.200 --> 01:22:45.840
The site of Gobekli Tepe
was discovered in the 90s

1363
01:22:46.040 --> 01:22:47.600
by shepherds in Turkey.

1364
01:22:47.920 --> 01:22:50.680
[mysterious music]

1365
01:23:13.480 --> 01:23:16.520
At the heart of the enclosures,
there are central pillars.

1366
01:23:38.480 --> 01:23:40.320
And this is
where the problem starts.

1367
01:24:11.400 --> 01:24:14.320
According to History,
this is prior to civilization

1368
01:24:14.520 --> 01:24:17.200
Something is not right.
But it goes even further.

1369
01:24:36.200 --> 01:24:38.000
I had been trying for months
to interview

1370
01:24:38.200 --> 01:24:40.160
one of the best researchers
in the world on this matter,

1371
01:24:40.360 --> 01:24:41.920
the author
of "Fingerprints of the Gods"

1372
01:24:42.120 --> 01:24:43.720
carefully documented
and sourced,

1373
01:24:43.920 --> 01:24:45.720
that opened the way
for a lot of people.

1374
01:24:45.920 --> 01:24:48.320
Graham Hancock came
just at the right time.

1375
01:24:48.520 --> 01:24:50.560
he was going to give me
the keys I was missing.

1376
01:24:50.760 --> 01:24:52.800
Here we have
a giant megalithic site

1377
01:24:53.000 --> 01:24:55.600
much larger than Stonehenge,
for example

1378
01:24:55.800 --> 01:24:58.280
which is 11 500 years old,

1379
01:24:58.480 --> 01:25:01.600
which appears suddenly
in a community that, apparently

1380
01:25:01.800 --> 01:25:03.520
are entirely hunter-gatherers.

1381
01:25:03.720 --> 01:25:06.080
Where did they learn the skills
to do this?

1382
01:25:06.280 --> 01:25:07.560
We don't see them practicing.

1383
01:25:07.760 --> 01:25:10.320
The oldest material
at Gobekli Tepe is the best.

1384
01:25:10.920 --> 01:25:13.320
Did they wake up one morning

1385
01:25:13.520 --> 01:25:16.320
with some sort
of magical inspiration

1386
01:25:16.520 --> 01:25:20.440
that enabled them
to quarry and cut stone

1387
01:25:20.640 --> 01:25:22.160
to put up the world's first

1388
01:25:22.360 --> 01:25:24.080
perfectly North-South
aligned building,

1389
01:25:24.280 --> 01:25:26.120
which requires astronomy?

1390
01:25:26.320 --> 01:25:29.240
Since we do wonder about
the true purpose of the site...

1391
01:25:40.400 --> 01:25:43.520
One of its pillars raises
the issue of agriculture.

1392
01:26:07.600 --> 01:26:09.080
In the usual chronology,

1393
01:26:09.280 --> 01:26:11.040
nomadic people
would settle at one place

1394
01:26:11.240 --> 01:26:12.520
by becoming farmers and breeders

1395
01:26:12.720 --> 01:26:15.440
then they would specialize
and then be able to build temples

1396
01:26:15.640 --> 01:26:17.480
Meanwhile, here
it all happened in reverse.

1397
01:26:23.720 --> 01:26:25.440
Agriculture appears suddenly,

1398
01:26:25.640 --> 01:26:28.120
at the same moment
that Gobekli Tepe appears.

1399
01:26:28.320 --> 01:26:29.920
Actually, when I spoke
to the late Klaus Schmidt,

1400
01:26:30.120 --> 01:26:31.560
he found that Gobekli Tepe

1401
01:26:31.760 --> 01:26:34.760
had functioned as a center
of innovation in that area.

1402
01:26:35.320 --> 01:26:38.880
That it was a place that people
were drawn to and were taught skills

1403
01:26:39.080 --> 01:26:40.680
and this raises a question
in my mind.

1404
01:26:40.880 --> 01:26:42.200
Who taught them the skills?

1405
01:26:42.400 --> 01:26:45.160
Because what I think
we're looking at, at Gobekli Tepe,

1406
01:26:45.360 --> 01:26:47.760
the sudden emergence
of megalithic architecture,

1407
01:26:49.600 --> 01:26:53.320
the sudden emergence of
evolved agricultural knowledge,

1408
01:26:53.520 --> 01:26:55.560
it looks to me like
a transfer of technology.

1409
01:26:55.760 --> 01:26:57.840
It looks to me like people
came to that area

1410
01:26:58.040 --> 01:27:00.880
who already knew how to make
megalithic architecture,

1411
01:27:01.080 --> 01:27:02.960
who already knew agriculture,

1412
01:27:03.160 --> 01:27:06.480
and who knew how to mobilise
and organise work forces.

1413
01:27:07.040 --> 01:27:09.680
And they put that infrastructure
into place there

1414
01:27:09.880 --> 01:27:12.080
and they passed on their skills
in megalithic construction

1415
01:27:12.280 --> 01:27:13.800
and in agriculture

1416
01:27:14.000 --> 01:27:16.800
to the local hunter-gatherers
that they had settled amongst.

1417
01:27:17.000 --> 01:27:19.080
So who were these people?

1418
01:27:19.280 --> 01:27:20.520
- One can see on the pillars

1419
01:27:20.720 --> 01:27:23.120
patterns similar
to others around the planet.

1420
01:27:23.320 --> 01:27:26.520
- I don't know how much we should
make up these connections.

1421
01:27:26.720 --> 01:27:29.560
But it's interesting to note,
for example

1422
01:27:30.160 --> 01:27:33.560
that the Gobekli Tepe megaliths
are tall pillars

1423
01:27:33.760 --> 01:27:35.600
sometimes weighing
as much as 20 tons

1424
01:27:35.800 --> 01:27:38.120
with a kind of shape of a letter T.

1425
01:27:38.320 --> 01:27:40.920
The T-shape
at the top of the pillar

1426
01:27:41.120 --> 01:27:43.120
represents a human head.

1427
01:27:43.320 --> 01:27:44.520
We can say this for sure

1428
01:27:44.720 --> 01:27:47.040
because many of the pillars
have arms carved into the side,

1429
01:27:47.240 --> 01:27:49.920
and the hands
meet in front of the belly.

1430
01:27:50.120 --> 01:27:52.640
The positioning of the hands
of the Gobekli Tepe figures

1431
01:27:52.840 --> 01:27:54.840
is just identical to the positioning
of the hands

1432
01:27:55.040 --> 01:27:56.400
on the Easter Island statues.

1433
01:27:56.600 --> 01:28:00.320
On this belt, is cut the letter,

1434
01:28:00.520 --> 01:28:03.640
a sign that we would
recognize as the letter H.

1435
01:28:03.840 --> 01:28:04.720
And oddly enough,

1436
01:28:04.920 --> 01:28:07.560
that exact same H-shape,
as you know

1437
01:28:07.760 --> 01:28:11.120
appears in the H blocks,
at Tihuanaco.

1438
01:28:11.320 --> 01:28:13.800
There are certain creatures
and animals

1439
01:28:14.000 --> 01:28:16.480
which are cut
on the Gobekli Tepe megaliths

1440
01:28:16.680 --> 01:28:21.040
which are reproduced exactly
in structures in Peru.

1441
01:28:21.240 --> 01:28:23.840
And I went into this in some depth
in my book

1442
01:28:24.040 --> 01:28:25.920
"Magicians of the Gods".

1443
01:28:26.120 --> 01:28:28.480
- One can see baskets
on one of the pillars.

1444
01:28:28.680 --> 01:28:31.360
This is also what attracted
Graham Hancock's attention

1445
01:28:31.560 --> 01:28:33.240
since there are
similar types of baskets

1446
01:28:33.440 --> 01:28:36.200
in the representations
of the Mesopotamian god Oannes,

1447
01:28:36.400 --> 01:28:38.120
who is said
to have brought civilization

1448
01:28:38.320 --> 01:28:39.440
to this part of the world.

1449
01:28:39.640 --> 01:28:42.000
A motif that we also find
in Central-America

1450
01:28:42.200 --> 01:28:45.240
in the hand of a god, who will later
be called Quetzalcoatl.

1451
01:28:45.440 --> 01:28:47.680
Also a transmitter of civilisation.

1452
01:28:48.280 --> 01:28:51.400
- What we are often seeing
in these similarities

1453
01:28:51.600 --> 01:28:53.360
is what we would expect to see

1454
01:28:53.560 --> 01:28:56.000
if one culture
on one side of the world

1455
01:28:56.200 --> 01:28:58.560
and another culture
on the other side of the world

1456
01:28:58.760 --> 01:29:02.520
had both received a legacy
from the same third party culture.

1457
01:29:02.720 --> 01:29:04.840
- How else can one explain
these parallels?

1458
01:29:05.040 --> 01:29:06.480
And what about
the sudden appearance

1459
01:29:06.680 --> 01:29:09.240
of this temple and agriculture,
12 000 years ago?

1460
01:29:38.880 --> 01:29:39.960
It is interesting to notice

1461
01:29:40.160 --> 01:29:42.680
that Gobekli Tepe curiously means
"the hill of the navel".

1462
01:29:42.880 --> 01:29:43.920
Another one.

1463
01:29:44.120 --> 01:29:45.880
As Klaus Schmidt
actually discovered,

1464
01:29:46.080 --> 01:29:47.840
this navel
has been deliberately buried

1465
01:29:48.040 --> 01:29:50.080
which allowed for it
to be precisely dated

1466
01:29:50.280 --> 01:29:52.560
11 600 years ago,

1467
01:29:52.760 --> 01:29:55.720
with a margin of error
of about 150 years.

1468
01:29:55.920 --> 01:29:58.080
But why go the extra mile
to build this site

1469
01:29:58.280 --> 01:30:00.000
for it later to be buried?

1470
01:30:00.200 --> 01:30:02.120
Would it be for it to be preserved?

1471
01:30:02.320 --> 01:30:04.880
We could think of it as a message,
left for posterity.

1472
01:30:05.080 --> 01:30:07.080
We've noticed these 11 600 years

1473
01:30:07.280 --> 01:30:09.000
correspond to the brutal end
of a time,

1474
01:30:09.200 --> 01:30:12.440
of intense terrestrial changes
called the Younger Dryas.

1475
01:30:14.000 --> 01:30:15.320
As Earth was getting warmer

1476
01:30:15.520 --> 01:30:17.640
and was progressively coming
out of the last ice age,

1477
01:30:17.840 --> 01:30:20.680
the temperature
brutally fell by 7 degrees.

1478
01:30:20.880 --> 01:30:22.520
[Graham Hancock]
This Younger Dryas episode

1479
01:30:22.720 --> 01:30:25.480
has for a long time
been mysterious to geologists.

1480
01:30:25.680 --> 01:30:27.080
We know it happened

1481
01:30:27.280 --> 01:30:28.760
but they've not known
why it happened.

1482
01:30:28.960 --> 01:30:30.880
- About 1 300 years later

1483
01:30:31.080 --> 01:30:33.960
the temperature climbed up again
brutally by 10 degrees.

1484
01:30:34.160 --> 01:30:36.160
- There was a second episode
of cataclysm

1485
01:30:36.360 --> 01:30:38.920
a second episode
of global flooding.

1486
01:30:39.120 --> 01:30:41.720
Geologists call it
Meltwater Pulse 1B.

1487
01:30:42.280 --> 01:30:44.200
- According to several
scientific studies

1488
01:30:44.400 --> 01:30:46.600
these two events might have been
due to comet impacts

1489
01:30:46.800 --> 01:30:49.120
hitting the Earth twice,
1 300 years apart,

1490
01:30:49.320 --> 01:30:52.600
creating cataclysms our ancestors
might have witnessed.

1491
01:30:53.600 --> 01:30:55.800
- Every account that I'm aware of

1492
01:30:56.000 --> 01:30:59.720
that exists
of a former human civilization

1493
01:30:59.920 --> 01:31:03.320
that was brought low
by a cataclysm.

1494
01:31:03.520 --> 01:31:04.680
There are no exceptions.

1495
01:31:04.920 --> 01:31:06.720
- If large debris
indeed hit our planet,

1496
01:31:06.920 --> 01:31:09.440
one can understand why people
might be under the impression

1497
01:31:09.640 --> 01:31:11.680
they were enduring
some divine retribution

1498
01:31:11.880 --> 01:31:14.000
This "impact" hypothesis
is nowadays considered

1499
01:31:14.200 --> 01:31:16.320
as serious possibility
by science

1500
01:31:16.520 --> 01:31:19.640
which has just published a full
article about it in Nature magazine.

1501
01:31:19.840 --> 01:31:21.920
In the layer
of the earth corresponding

1502
01:31:22.120 --> 01:31:23.560
to the beginning
of the Younger Dryas period,

1503
01:31:23.760 --> 01:31:26.000
we found massive quantities
of platinum

1504
01:31:26.200 --> 01:31:28.680
associated with Nano-diamonds
and carbon spherules.

1505
01:31:28.880 --> 01:31:31.240
Minerals melted at a temperature
of 2000 degrees

1506
01:31:31.440 --> 01:31:34.120
and vast quantities of ashes
resulted from fires.

1507
01:31:34.320 --> 01:31:36.000
That may confirm
the "impact" hypothesis

1508
01:31:36.200 --> 01:31:39.080
when nothing else can explain the
cause of the Younger Dryas period.

1509
01:31:39.800 --> 01:31:41.320
We can constrain it
to the period between

1510
01:31:41.520 --> 01:31:45.160
12 800 and 11 600 years ago.

1511
01:31:45.360 --> 01:31:47.520
[Narrator]
Again, as stated by Graham Hancock,

1512
01:31:47.720 --> 01:31:48.560
we do have records.

1513
01:31:48.760 --> 01:31:50.920
Solon reported to Plato
that the Atlantis sunk

1514
01:31:51.120 --> 01:31:53.720
9 000 years
prior to his visit in Egypt.

1515
01:31:53.920 --> 01:31:55.680
in -600 before of our time,

1516
01:31:55.880 --> 01:31:57.920
or 11 600 years ago,

1517
01:31:58.120 --> 01:32:01.480
which coincides with the end
of the Younger Dryas period.

1518
01:32:01.680 --> 01:32:03.680
We must not
take literally all legends

1519
01:32:03.880 --> 01:32:05.880
but we must not
dismiss them all either.

1520
01:32:06.080 --> 01:32:08.720
Let's talk about the legendary city
of Kumari Kandam

1521
01:32:08.920 --> 01:32:11.240
of the Tamil people,
in Southern India.

1522
01:32:11.680 --> 01:32:13.960
[mysterious music]

1523
01:32:14.160 --> 01:32:15.920
This very evolved civilization

1524
01:32:16.120 --> 01:32:18.080
may have occupied
a vast extension of land

1525
01:32:18.280 --> 01:32:20.680
with massive libraries
and universities.

1526
01:32:21.520 --> 01:32:24.040
However, 11 600 years ago

1527
01:32:24.240 --> 01:32:25.960
the date of the end
of the Younger Dryas,

1528
01:32:26.160 --> 01:32:29.440
Kumari Kandam disappeared
totally during a cataclysm.

1529
01:32:29.640 --> 01:32:33.440
Sea level has risen 120 meters.

1530
01:32:33.640 --> 01:32:36.320
More than 27 million
square kilometers of land

1531
01:32:36.520 --> 01:32:39.960
which is roughly Europe
and China added together

1532
01:32:40.160 --> 01:32:41.720
was above water

1533
01:32:43.080 --> 01:32:46.160
during the last ice age
and is underwater now.

1534
01:32:46.360 --> 01:32:48.400
I would suggest that
the civilization

1535
01:32:48.600 --> 01:32:51.360
we're dealing with was
a maritime seafaring civilization,

1536
01:32:51.560 --> 01:32:53.280
that did occupy the very best lands

1537
01:32:53.480 --> 01:32:54.920
available
in the ice age world.

1538
01:32:55.880 --> 01:32:58.440
And those very best lands,
actually as is the case today,

1539
01:32:58.640 --> 01:33:01.080
were the coastal lands,
lands close to the sea.

1540
01:33:01.280 --> 01:33:02.960
Those were the lands
that were flooded

1541
01:33:03.160 --> 01:33:05.800
by rising sea levels
at the end of the ice age.

1542
01:33:06.000 --> 01:33:08.200
- Local fishermen had been
complaining for a long time

1543
01:33:08.400 --> 01:33:10.720
of underwater remnants in which
their nets were getting caught

1544
01:33:10.920 --> 01:33:12.200
but nobody believed them.

1545
01:33:12.400 --> 01:33:14.160
They talked about it
to Graham Hancock

1546
01:33:14.360 --> 01:33:15.800
who decided to go dive with them.

1547
01:33:16.640 --> 01:33:19.560
- We went out and
dived at Mahabalipuram

1548
01:33:19.760 --> 01:33:21.040
with the local fishermen in 2002

1549
01:33:21.240 --> 01:33:23.720
and lo and behold, everything
that they'd said was true.

1550
01:33:23.920 --> 01:33:25.720
There is an underwater city there.

1551
01:33:25.920 --> 01:33:30.360
and, what's more, it extends more
than five kilometers from the shore,

1552
01:33:30.560 --> 01:33:33.360
down to depths
of more than 30 meters.

1553
01:33:34.200 --> 01:33:36.840
- But during the 2004 tsunami
when the ocean withdrew,

1554
01:33:37.040 --> 01:33:39.360
the bay was exposed
for about 30 minutes.

1555
01:33:39.560 --> 01:33:42.280
[Graham Hancock]
And many people saw the ruins.

1556
01:33:42.480 --> 01:33:43.640
[Narrator] Since then,
the site is being studied.

1557
01:33:43.840 --> 01:33:46.880
[Hancock] But not investigating
in a satisfactory manner.

1558
01:33:47.080 --> 01:33:50.000
They're still working
in the intertidal zone,

1559
01:33:50.200 --> 01:33:52.280
down to a depth of 5 meters.

1560
01:33:52.480 --> 01:33:55.040
They should be out 5 kilometers
from shore at 30 meters,

1561
01:33:55.240 --> 01:33:56.720
looking at what's lying down there.

1562
01:33:56.920 --> 01:33:58.800
because it has the potentiel
to rewrite history,

1563
01:33:59.000 --> 01:34:02.680
Because we know from sea level
studies that that area

1564
01:34:02.880 --> 01:34:06.520
has been underwater
for about 11 500 years

1565
01:34:06.720 --> 01:34:09.280
exactly as is given
in the Kumari Kandam story.

1566
01:34:10.280 --> 01:34:11.120
With time,

1567
01:34:11.320 --> 01:34:14.160
tales are often embellished,
deformed, or disappear.

1568
01:34:14.360 --> 01:34:16.040
Is this the reason
why Egyptian priests

1569
01:34:16.240 --> 01:34:19.000
engraved the history of Egypt
on the walls of a temple?

1570
01:34:20.200 --> 01:34:21.800
- As my friend
John Anthony West puts it,

1571
01:34:22.000 --> 01:34:25.360
the Ancient Egyptians
are telling us very clearly

1572
01:34:25.560 --> 01:34:29.120
that their civilization
was not a development.

1573
01:34:29.320 --> 01:34:30.760
It was a legacy.

1574
01:34:30.960 --> 01:34:33.200
It was a legacy
from the first time

1575
01:34:33.400 --> 01:34:37.320
and the first time I associate
with the arrival of the survivors

1576
01:34:37.520 --> 01:34:43.320
of a lost civilization in Egypt
around 12 800 years ago.

1577
01:34:43.520 --> 01:34:45.240
And that story, as a matter of fact

1578
01:34:45.440 --> 01:34:49.120
is told in full detail
in the Edfu building text.

1579
01:34:49.320 --> 01:34:52.680
The priests of that time,
around 330 BC

1580
01:34:52.880 --> 01:34:54.560
had inherited the archives

1581
01:34:54.760 --> 01:34:56.840
of the earlier temples.

1582
01:34:57.040 --> 01:34:58.440
Amongst these archives,

1583
01:34:58.640 --> 01:35:02.120
written on animal skins,
and falling into pieces

1584
01:35:02.320 --> 01:35:05.160
was the story of the time
when the gods came to Egypt

1585
01:35:05.360 --> 01:35:08.480
after the destruction
of their former homeland,

1586
01:35:08.680 --> 01:35:10.280
which was an island!

1587
01:35:11.120 --> 01:35:15.120
They came to Egypt and they brought
the gifts of civilization,

1588
01:35:15.320 --> 01:35:18.120
and the priests
decided to copy

1589
01:35:18.320 --> 01:35:22.960
those crumbling,
ruined and ancient texts

1590
01:35:23.160 --> 01:35:27.280
and make them permanent
on the walls of the Edfu temple.

1591
01:35:27.480 --> 01:35:29.600
- This is the story
that was told to Solon

1592
01:35:29.800 --> 01:35:31.000
who came to Egypt to learn

1593
01:35:31.200 --> 01:35:33.240
like almost all the illustrious
Greek wise men

1594
01:35:33.440 --> 01:35:35.840
who then communicated it
to Plato.

1595
01:35:36.040 --> 01:35:38.600
For some, it is only a tale
but it would be arrogant

1596
01:35:38.800 --> 01:35:40.440
to forget
how illustrious Solon was,

1597
01:35:40.640 --> 01:35:43.040
a member
of the 7 wisemen council.

1598
01:35:43.760 --> 01:35:44.600
Similar to Plato,

1599
01:35:44.800 --> 01:35:47.160
nowadays accused
of being senile or a deceiver,

1600
01:35:47.360 --> 01:35:49.760
what he has to say does not
correspond to what we believe

1601
01:35:49.960 --> 01:35:51.360
or what we would like to hear.

1602
01:35:51.560 --> 01:35:54.440
It is however, what is written
on the walls of this temple.

1603
01:35:54.640 --> 01:35:57.080
Kumari Kandam,
or the Antykithera mechanism

1604
01:35:57.280 --> 01:35:58.800
remind us to remain prudent.

1605
01:35:59.000 --> 01:36:00.920
Only one or two generations

1606
01:36:01.120 --> 01:36:03.440
are enough to wipe out the memory
of a whole population.

1607
01:36:03.640 --> 01:36:04.760
How many other objects or texts

1608
01:36:04.960 --> 01:36:07.040
could have been lost
in the same way?

1609
01:36:08.520 --> 01:36:10.080
We knew that, 13 000 years ago

1610
01:36:10.280 --> 01:36:12.640
our planet was subject
to a major climate shift.

1611
01:36:12.840 --> 01:36:14.960
The ice caps melted
in the northern territories.

1612
01:36:15.160 --> 01:36:16.600
A mass extinction occurred.

1613
01:36:16.800 --> 01:36:19.160
The level of the oceans
rose by over a 100 meters.

1614
01:36:19.360 --> 01:36:22.440
And the cold came back
and prevailed for 1 300 years.

1615
01:36:22.640 --> 01:36:25.880
However we cannot explain
the brutal cause of it all.

1616
01:36:26.080 --> 01:36:28.240
We also know our ancestors
lived through this event,

1617
01:36:28.440 --> 01:36:30.840
that it lead to migrations
of entire populations

1618
01:36:31.040 --> 01:36:34.160
but we thought they were still
only hunter-gatherers.

1619
01:36:34.360 --> 01:36:36.680
Gobekli Tepe reveals
this was not the case.

1620
01:36:36.880 --> 01:36:38.760
From there,
it is only a small step

1621
01:36:38.960 --> 01:36:40.880
to picture a level
of development of civilisation

1622
01:36:41.080 --> 01:36:42.960
greater than what we thought.

1623
01:36:43.160 --> 01:36:45.920
We should not expect
the remnants of that civilization

1624
01:36:46.120 --> 01:36:47.480
to be the same as our own.

1625
01:36:47.680 --> 01:36:50.280
They're going to be very different
and may even be unrecognizable.

1626
01:36:51.080 --> 01:36:53.800
- As we have built over
the quasi totality of the planet,

1627
01:36:54.000 --> 01:36:56.360
mined and drilled the underground
in many places,

1628
01:36:56.560 --> 01:36:59.120
our civilization has left
remnants everywhere.

1629
01:36:59.320 --> 01:37:01.480
But what if this civilization
had evolved differently?

1630
01:37:02.240 --> 01:37:04.360
Although some believe
all the common features between

1631
01:37:04.560 --> 01:37:06.680
these particular sites
have some divine origin,

1632
01:37:06.880 --> 01:37:09.760
I personally cannot imagine they
were built by the hand of a god.

1633
01:37:09.960 --> 01:37:11.240
Unless this god was small enough

1634
01:37:11.440 --> 01:37:13.840
to walk through the hallway
of the Great Pyramid.

1635
01:37:14.040 --> 01:37:16.800
Others, on the contrary state
that all these common features

1636
01:37:17.000 --> 01:37:18.720
are connected by the fact
that Homo Sapiens

1637
01:37:18.920 --> 01:37:20.640
having settled
everywhere on the planet,

1638
01:37:20.840 --> 01:37:22.640
found the same solutions
to the same problems.

1639
01:37:22.840 --> 01:37:25.280
And, indeed, we can ironically
appreciate the fact

1640
01:37:25.480 --> 01:37:28.480
that humankind started with
precisely adjusted, massive stones

1641
01:37:28.680 --> 01:37:30.920
to end up with small blocks
and cement.

1642
01:37:31.120 --> 01:37:33.280
But another connection
defies this hypothesis,

1643
01:37:33.480 --> 01:37:35.440
both in time and in History.

1644
01:37:36.760 --> 01:37:39.760
In 1965, the French Ethnologist
Francis Mazière

1645
01:37:39.960 --> 01:37:42.920
talked about a connection between
Easter Island, Peru and Egypt,

1646
01:37:43.120 --> 01:37:45.480
stating that all three are located,
according to him

1647
01:37:45.680 --> 01:37:48.320
on some sort of "magnetic equator"
of the Earth.

1648
01:37:48.720 --> 01:37:51.120
In 1997,
the American Jim Alison

1649
01:37:51.320 --> 01:37:53.320
baptized it "the great circle".

1650
01:37:55.320 --> 01:37:56.840
A great circle that was invisible

1651
01:37:57.040 --> 01:37:58.840
prior to having mapped
the entire earth,

1652
01:37:59.040 --> 01:38:01.680
which is, as you will see,
a huge problem.

1653
01:38:03.880 --> 01:38:06.680
[suspenseful music]

1654
01:38:08.760 --> 01:38:10.080
Let's go from Easter Island

1655
01:38:10.280 --> 01:38:12.040
taking a 30 degree orientation

1656
01:38:12.240 --> 01:38:14.600
and drawing a line
about 100 kilometers wide.

1657
01:38:15.960 --> 01:38:19.040
[suspenseful music]

1658
01:38:21.200 --> 01:38:23.000
The strip passes
through Nazca in Peru

1659
01:38:23.200 --> 01:38:26.160
then Machu Picchu,
Ollantaytambo, Sacsayhuaman,

1660
01:38:26.360 --> 01:38:28.440
Cuzco and Naupa Iglesia.

1661
01:38:32.880 --> 01:38:35.640
It crosses the Atlantic to go
over the sacred caves

1662
01:38:35.840 --> 01:38:37.840
at Tassili N'Ajjer in Algeria.

1663
01:38:39.840 --> 01:38:41.760
Then through the Oasis of Siwa.

1664
01:38:43.560 --> 01:38:45.680
By the Giza Pyramids in Egypt.

1665
01:38:47.840 --> 01:38:49.520
Over Petra in Jordan.

1666
01:38:50.920 --> 01:38:52.480
Ur in Irak.

1667
01:38:53.400 --> 01:38:55.040
Persepolis in Iran.

1668
01:38:57.160 --> 01:38:59.080
Mohenjo Dar in Pakistan.

1669
01:39:00.680 --> 01:39:02.520
Khajuraho in India.

1670
01:39:03.600 --> 01:39:06.920
Pyay in Burma.
Sukhotai in Thailand.

1671
01:39:08.560 --> 01:39:10.600
Angkor Vat and Preah Vihear
in Cambodia,

1672
01:39:10.800 --> 01:39:13.760
highly likely to be connected
a long time ago.

1673
01:39:13.960 --> 01:39:16.720
Then over to the little known
islands of Aneityum

1674
01:39:16.920 --> 01:39:18.480
in New Caledonia.

1675
01:39:21.520 --> 01:39:22.400
In this alignment,

1676
01:39:22.600 --> 01:39:25.040
we are not looking at the date
of construction of the structures

1677
01:39:25.240 --> 01:39:27.440
as some are spread in time
over many centuries

1678
01:39:27.640 --> 01:39:28.680
or thousands of years

1679
01:39:28.880 --> 01:39:30.760
but we are rather looking
at their locations,

1680
01:39:30.960 --> 01:39:32.640
most of them
being built and rebuilt

1681
01:39:32.840 --> 01:39:34.960
over the ruins
of ancient temples.

1682
01:39:35.160 --> 01:39:37.040
[mystical music]

1683
01:39:37.240 --> 01:39:40.280
Let's first look at the distance
ratio between some of these sites.

1684
01:39:41.680 --> 01:39:43.520
Let's look
at the Earth from above.

1685
01:39:44.720 --> 01:39:47.680
The red circle that surrounds it
is our Great Circle.

1686
01:39:48.680 --> 01:39:50.760
The distance between
Angkor Vat and Nazca

1687
01:39:50.960 --> 01:39:54.160
equals the distance between
Mohenjo Daro and Easter Island.

1688
01:39:54.360 --> 01:39:56.640
The distance between Angkor Vat
and Mohenjo Daro

1689
01:39:56.840 --> 01:39:59.200
equals the distance
of Mohenjo Daro between Giza

1690
01:39:59.400 --> 01:40:02.360
and also the distance between
Nazca and Easter Island.

1691
01:40:02.560 --> 01:40:04.840
I believe that
at this stage of the investigation,

1692
01:40:05.040 --> 01:40:08.400
no one will be surprised to see
the Golden Ratio showing up again.

1693
01:40:08.600 --> 01:40:10.520
The distance Angkor Vat
and Giza

1694
01:40:10.720 --> 01:40:11.840
times the Golden Ratio

1695
01:40:12.040 --> 01:40:14.200
equals the distance
between Giza and Nazca

1696
01:40:14.400 --> 01:40:16.160
and the distance
between Giza and Nazca

1697
01:40:16.360 --> 01:40:17.280
times the Golden Ratio

1698
01:40:17.480 --> 01:40:19.840
equals the distance between Nazca
and Angkor Vat.

1699
01:40:20.880 --> 01:40:21.800
Using the metric system

1700
01:40:22.000 --> 01:40:23.720
in the same way we did
with the Great Pyramid,

1701
01:40:23.920 --> 01:40:26.960
let's measure the distance
between Easter Island and Giza.

1702
01:40:27.680 --> 01:40:30.560
10 000 times the Golden Ratio.
Or again,

1703
01:40:31.040 --> 01:40:33.960
a quarter around the Earth
times the Golden Ratio.

1704
01:40:35.440 --> 01:40:36.880
This is where Jim Alison stops

1705
01:40:37.080 --> 01:40:39.480
as like many other
Anglo-Saxon researchers,

1706
01:40:39.680 --> 01:40:42.320
he measures distances in miles
and not in meters.

1707
01:40:43.640 --> 01:40:44.600
Up until 2012,

1708
01:40:44.800 --> 01:40:49.080
Google Earth gave the figure
of 16 179 km between both sites.

1709
01:40:49.960 --> 01:40:53.560
Today, it is 16 168 km.

1710
01:40:53.760 --> 01:40:57.120
Simple reason: the method
of calculation has changed.

1711
01:40:57.320 --> 01:41:00.360
So, depending on the method used,
the result can change.

1712
01:41:00.560 --> 01:41:01.400
But let's be serious.

1713
01:41:01.600 --> 01:41:03.360
Even with a difference
of about 20 km,

1714
01:41:03.560 --> 01:41:06.080
to find an island positioned
on this tilted equator

1715
01:41:06.280 --> 01:41:08.000
is nothing short of a miracle.

1716
01:41:09.800 --> 01:41:12.280
[mystical music]

1717
01:41:12.480 --> 01:41:13.920
Once we checked
this distance on-site

1718
01:41:14.120 --> 01:41:15.720
with the "Maps" application
for smartphones,

1719
01:41:15.920 --> 01:41:18.480
and taking the GPS coordinates
of the Great Pyramid in Giza

1720
01:41:18.680 --> 01:41:19.720
as the starting point,

1721
01:41:19.920 --> 01:41:23.000
we were able to validate
a new discovery by Jim Alison.

1722
01:41:24.240 --> 01:41:27.880
The point indicating precisely
the 16 180 km

1723
01:41:28.080 --> 01:41:29.880
is located
at the center of the triangle

1724
01:41:30.080 --> 01:41:32.640
created by 3 remarkable positions
of this island,

1725
01:41:32.840 --> 01:41:35.320
the two highest summits,
Terevaka and Poike

1726
01:41:35.520 --> 01:41:36.720
and the center of the crater

1727
01:41:36.920 --> 01:41:38.160
of Rano Kao.

1728
01:41:38.360 --> 01:41:39.280
And this triangle

1729
01:41:39.480 --> 01:41:40.520
is even more unique.

1730
01:41:40.720 --> 01:41:42.320
Both its sides are identical

1731
01:41:42.520 --> 01:41:44.600
and have an angle
of 108 degrees.

1732
01:41:45.320 --> 01:41:47.960
It is the portion of the golden
pentagon of the Companions,

1733
01:41:48.160 --> 01:41:50.120
connected to the Golden Ratio.

1734
01:41:52.320 --> 01:41:53.520
How is it possible?

1735
01:41:53.720 --> 01:41:56.800
It is quite obvious that
the volcanoes were not "built".

1736
01:41:58.040 --> 01:42:00.800
[mysterious music]

1737
01:42:01.000 --> 01:42:04.840
And how to explain these
16 180 km between the sites

1738
01:42:05.040 --> 01:42:07.880
without relying
once more on sheer luck?

1739
01:42:08.080 --> 01:42:09.360
It is very simple in fact.

1740
01:42:09.560 --> 01:42:11.040
the builders of Giza
had to position this site

1741
01:42:11.240 --> 01:42:12.600
according to Easter Island

1742
01:42:12.800 --> 01:42:14.120
which they must have
known about,

1743
01:42:14.320 --> 01:42:15.840
same as the metric system.

1744
01:42:16.920 --> 01:42:19.560
[mysterious music]

1745
01:42:20.320 --> 01:42:22.800
A private geologist,
who is not seeking recognition

1746
01:42:23.000 --> 01:42:24.880
shared with me
his surprising observations,

1747
01:42:25.080 --> 01:42:28.720
humbly thinking that he was not able
to draw conclusions on his own.

1748
01:42:30.160 --> 01:42:31.440
First, he found that Easter Island

1749
01:42:31.640 --> 01:42:33.200
was located
on a hot point of the Earth,

1750
01:42:33.400 --> 01:42:36.320
points that have the surprising
particularity to remain fixed

1751
01:42:36.520 --> 01:42:38.200
while the Earth's crust is moving.

1752
01:42:38.720 --> 01:42:40.640
Which means that,
millions of years ago,

1753
01:42:40.840 --> 01:42:42.480
there was no certainty
that Easter Island

1754
01:42:42.680 --> 01:42:44.400
was located above this hot point.

1755
01:42:45.840 --> 01:42:48.120
Then, he realized that
the alignment of he sites

1756
01:42:48.320 --> 01:42:50.760
on this great circle
are located on what we call

1757
01:42:50.960 --> 01:42:53.360
"zones of discontinuity
of the Earth's crust"

1758
01:42:53.560 --> 01:42:54.920
which means, simply said,

1759
01:42:55.120 --> 01:42:57.480
the equivalent of the junction
of 2 stone blocks.

1760
01:42:57.680 --> 01:42:59.640
If shaken,
this is where it will break.

1761
01:42:59.840 --> 01:43:01.760
There are obviously
other zones of discontinuity

1762
01:43:01.960 --> 01:43:02.960
on the Earth's crust

1763
01:43:03.160 --> 01:43:06.080
but the important fact is that
each site of this great circle

1764
01:43:06.280 --> 01:43:09.320
is located precisely
over a discontinuity point.

1765
01:43:09.520 --> 01:43:10.920
This geologist could not explain

1766
01:43:11.120 --> 01:43:13.000
why one would have built
temples at places

1767
01:43:13.200 --> 01:43:15.440
where they were
the most at risk of collapsing,

1768
01:43:15.640 --> 01:43:18.560
when only a few kilometers away,
it would have been much safer.

1769
01:43:19.320 --> 01:43:21.960
Worse, when
the discontinuity point is at sea

1770
01:43:22.160 --> 01:43:24.440
then the site is built
as close as possible to land,

1771
01:43:24.640 --> 01:43:25.840
which is the case for Nazca,

1772
01:43:26.040 --> 01:43:28.000
where the ocean and the Andes
land formations

1773
01:43:28.200 --> 01:43:30.800
did not leave much choice
in regards to its location.

1774
01:43:34.080 --> 01:43:37.280
Why confer such an importance
to these discontinuity points?

1775
01:43:39.280 --> 01:43:42.160
The placement
of sites around the world

1776
01:43:42.360 --> 01:43:45.280
at specific longitude distances
from one another,

1777
01:43:45.480 --> 01:43:47.680
and those longitude distances
are all part

1778
01:43:47.880 --> 01:43:49.560
of the ancient system of numbers

1779
01:43:49.760 --> 01:43:52.360
that we find in myths and traditions
all around the world.

1780
01:43:52.560 --> 01:43:55.680
And that system of numbers
are generated

1781
01:43:55.880 --> 01:43:59.840
by the precessional wobble
of the Earth's axis.

1782
01:44:00.040 --> 01:44:03.240
It's a number system
based on the number 72,

1783
01:44:03.440 --> 01:44:05.120
and there's
an astonishing number

1784
01:44:05.320 --> 01:44:06.760
of ancient monuments
around the world

1785
01:44:06.960 --> 01:44:09.200
that are precisely
separated from one another

1786
01:44:09.400 --> 01:44:12.000
in terms of degrees of longitude
by that number system.

1787
01:44:12.760 --> 01:44:15.000
- These sites are therefore
located on a great circle

1788
01:44:15.200 --> 01:44:16.520
but not just any circle.

1789
01:44:16.720 --> 01:44:18.800
The North pole of this great circle
is in Canada,

1790
01:44:19.000 --> 01:44:21.160
in the north west
of British Columbia.

1791
01:44:21.400 --> 01:44:23.840
[mysterious music]

1792
01:44:24.040 --> 01:44:27.080
And this happens to be the place
where the magnetic pole oscillates.

1793
01:44:27.280 --> 01:44:28.800
The pole, indicated
by the compasses

1794
01:44:29.000 --> 01:44:30.840
is the one
that enables life on earth.

1795
01:44:31.040 --> 01:44:34.360
It also generates a magnetic field
that filters solar radiation,

1796
01:44:34.560 --> 01:44:37.880
enabling life and also allowing us
to produce electricity.

1797
01:44:40.400 --> 01:44:43.360
Is this the reason Francis Mazière
spoke of a "magnetic equator",

1798
01:44:43.560 --> 01:44:46.160
referring
to ancient esoteric tradition?

1799
01:44:47.880 --> 01:44:49.080
Like any group of humans,

1800
01:44:49.280 --> 01:44:52.240
the world of esoterism
is not free from ideological bias

1801
01:44:52.440 --> 01:44:54.520
but this is no reason
to discard information

1802
01:44:54.720 --> 01:44:57.400
especially when it could resonate
with modern science.

1803
01:44:58.040 --> 01:44:59.000
This late discovery

1804
01:44:59.200 --> 01:45:01.400
regarding the existence
of the Earth's magnetic field

1805
01:45:01.600 --> 01:45:04.920
was made by the Englishman
William Gilbert in 1600's.

1806
01:45:05.120 --> 01:45:07.440
Similar to that of another
researcher, and it allowed me

1807
01:45:07.640 --> 01:45:10.040
to better understand the building
of these ancient sites.

1808
01:45:10.920 --> 01:45:13.320
Ian S.Stewart, from
the University of Plymouth

1809
01:45:13.520 --> 01:45:15.760
wondered why the ancient Greeks
decided to build temples

1810
01:45:15.960 --> 01:45:18.680
precisely on spots
subject to seismic activity.

1811
01:45:20.360 --> 01:45:21.840
Journalists jokingly wondered

1812
01:45:22.040 --> 01:45:24.280
whether Greeks worshipped
some Earthquake cult.

1813
01:45:24.480 --> 01:45:25.760
You know, cults, gods,

1814
01:45:25.960 --> 01:45:28.200
all the folklore
of our semi-naked ancestors.

1815
01:45:28.400 --> 01:45:32.040
[somber music]

1816
01:45:32.880 --> 01:45:34.000
For this researcher,

1817
01:45:34.200 --> 01:45:36.680
reasons could be both spiritual
and perhaps medical,

1818
01:45:36.880 --> 01:45:39.840
since he realized these sites
had pristine water sources.

1819
01:45:40.040 --> 01:45:43.120
I don't believe any of this has much
to do with some ritualistic cult

1820
01:45:43.320 --> 01:45:45.320
at least not the way
we think of them.

1821
01:45:47.800 --> 01:45:49.720
Ask for an expert
in civil engineering.

1822
01:45:49.920 --> 01:45:52.480
A polygonal assemblage,
therefore non-periodic

1823
01:45:52.680 --> 01:45:54.880
stands better against earthquakes
than our modern walls

1824
01:45:55.080 --> 01:45:57.040
made of same size bricks.

1825
01:45:57.240 --> 01:45:59.360
Here again,
on earthquake-prone sites,

1826
01:45:59.560 --> 01:46:02.080
they built
earthquake-proof structures.

1827
01:46:02.280 --> 01:46:06.000
This is what I had already seen on
the hill of the Nymphs, in Athens.

1828
01:46:06.200 --> 01:46:09.280
[epic music]

1829
01:46:09.480 --> 01:46:12.040
And on Easter Island,
the site of Te Pito Kura,

1830
01:46:12.240 --> 01:46:15.680
navel of the world, this egg-shaped
stone which is magnetic.

1831
01:46:16.120 --> 01:46:17.480
A lot of stones are magnetic.

1832
01:46:17.680 --> 01:46:18.920
you can check that
with a compass.

1833
01:46:19.120 --> 01:46:21.200
But how do you know about it
without a compass?

1834
01:46:21.400 --> 01:46:23.600
Is it yet again a coincidence
if this sacred stone

1835
01:46:23.800 --> 01:46:24.840
is specifically magnetic

1836
01:46:25.040 --> 01:46:27.600
and set on a discontinuity point
of the Earth's crust,

1837
01:46:27.800 --> 01:46:30.200
and even more, on a hot point?

1838
01:46:32.240 --> 01:46:33.160
Same thing in Giza

1839
01:46:33.360 --> 01:46:34.760
where the Great Pyramid
is located

1840
01:46:34.960 --> 01:46:37.000
over a remarkable point
of the Earth's crust,

1841
01:46:37.200 --> 01:46:38.800
where they built the high chamber
with granite slabs

1842
01:46:39.000 --> 01:46:42.880
that they had to get painstakingly
from about 900 km away.

1843
01:46:45.480 --> 01:46:46.400
One can keep thinking

1844
01:46:46.600 --> 01:46:48.440
the only reason
for this structure's existence

1845
01:46:48.640 --> 01:46:51.560
was to glorify God
and its earthly representative

1846
01:46:51.760 --> 01:46:54.040
the despotic
and megalomaniac Kheops.

1847
01:46:55.880 --> 01:46:57.560
You can think what you wish.

1848
01:47:00.240 --> 01:47:02.200
What can we learn from all of this?

1849
01:47:02.400 --> 01:47:03.520
That these sites are built

1850
01:47:03.720 --> 01:47:05.360
in the most
earthquake-sensitive areas

1851
01:47:05.560 --> 01:47:08.520
in regard to the geological
activity of our planet.

1852
01:47:08.720 --> 01:47:10.200
That they belong
to the Great Circle,

1853
01:47:10.400 --> 01:47:12.000
our magnetic equator,

1854
01:47:12.200 --> 01:47:15.200
which might be related to the
magnetic activity of our planet.

1855
01:47:15.400 --> 01:47:17.640
That we carefully place
specific stones

1856
01:47:17.840 --> 01:47:20.320
in particular locations
on the Earth.

1857
01:47:20.520 --> 01:47:22.440
- The separation
in degrees of longitude

1858
01:47:22.640 --> 01:47:24.560
between Giza
and Angkor is 72.

1859
01:47:24.760 --> 01:47:27.200
- Which is yet another way
to talk about the proportions

1860
01:47:27.400 --> 01:47:29.240
between these sites
of the Great Circle.

1861
01:47:29.440 --> 01:47:32.040
But after discovering the Golden
Ratio and the metric system,

1862
01:47:32.240 --> 01:47:33.520
we go into degrees.

1863
01:47:33.720 --> 01:47:35.200
Unless this is by chance, again,

1864
01:47:35.400 --> 01:47:37.360
that we run into whole numbers
when measuring degrees

1865
01:47:37.560 --> 01:47:39.360
between Giza and Angkor Vat.

1866
01:47:45.280 --> 01:47:49.080
[epic music]

1867
01:48:53.840 --> 01:48:56.200
Nothing in common
at first glance, right?

1868
01:48:56.400 --> 01:48:58.680
But are you sure
you saw everything?

1869
01:48:58.880 --> 01:48:59.920
Take this, for example.

1870
01:49:14.040 --> 01:49:15.320
Polygonal shape of stones.

1871
01:49:15.520 --> 01:49:17.720
[percussive music]

1872
01:49:28.600 --> 01:49:30.520
Shape of the paving stones.

1873
01:49:32.600 --> 01:49:34.840
A specific system
of anchoring of the stones.

1874
01:49:39.600 --> 01:49:41.320
And even symmetries.

1875
01:49:43.400 --> 01:49:45.640
[percussive music continues]

1876
01:49:53.440 --> 01:49:55.400
The stones are not
particularly large,

1877
01:49:55.600 --> 01:49:58.120
and their work closely
resembles European cathedrals.

1878
01:49:58.320 --> 01:50:00.280
If Angkor Wat, Ta Prohm or Bayon

1879
01:50:00.480 --> 01:50:02.160
are indeed dated back
to the Middle Ages,

1880
01:50:02.360 --> 01:50:03.840
they do seem to be inspired
by the same style

1881
01:50:04.720 --> 01:50:07.640
as in Peru, Easter Island or Egypt.

1882
01:50:08.120 --> 01:50:10.160
The question is more
in regards to their location

1883
01:50:10.360 --> 01:50:13.000
as these temples were built
on the ruins of an ancient complex.

1884
01:50:13.200 --> 01:50:16.600
and spread over almost
250 square kilometers.

1885
01:50:16.800 --> 01:50:19.360
- Even the name "Angkor"
has a meaning

1886
01:50:19.560 --> 01:50:20.760
in the Ancient Egyptian language.

1887
01:50:21.520 --> 01:50:23.520
Angkor means "Life to the Horus"

1888
01:50:24.480 --> 01:50:27.720
Archeologists say it's all
a coincidence but I wonder

1889
01:50:27.920 --> 01:50:29.760
if something
deeper is going on.

1890
01:50:29.960 --> 01:50:31.840
Some deeper game.

1891
01:50:32.040 --> 01:50:33.960
They all share this common DNA,

1892
01:50:34.160 --> 01:50:37.040
this common legacy that goes
right back to the beginning.

1893
01:50:37.560 --> 01:50:40.760
- Graham Hancock and John Grigsby
demonstrated in 1998

1894
01:50:40.960 --> 01:50:42.120
that the whole of the site

1895
01:50:42.320 --> 01:50:44.200
was also positioned
according to the stars,

1896
01:50:44.400 --> 01:50:46.280
on the constellation
of the dragon.

1897
01:50:46.480 --> 01:50:47.640
This is another common point

1898
01:50:47.840 --> 01:50:49.840
to all the archaeological
sites of our past

1899
01:50:50.040 --> 01:50:53.400
to reflect a specific position
of the skies at a given time.

1900
01:50:53.600 --> 01:50:55.800
- Gobekli Tepe encodes
the winter solstice

1901
01:50:56.000 --> 01:50:57.520
12 800 years ago.

1902
01:50:57.720 --> 01:51:00.440
Giza encodes the equinox
12 800 years ago

1903
01:51:00.640 --> 01:51:01.880
The three pyramids on the ground,

1904
01:51:02.080 --> 01:51:03.800
the great Sphinx,
the constellation of Leo,

1905
01:51:04.000 --> 01:51:06.960
Orion, the Milky Way,
they're all part of the picture.

1906
01:51:07.160 --> 01:51:08.400
Mathieu Laveau and Georges Vermard

1907
01:51:08.600 --> 01:51:10.160
also got interested
in the connection

1908
01:51:10.360 --> 01:51:12.720
between the site of Giza
and the Orion constellation,

1909
01:51:12.920 --> 01:51:14.000
same as Robert Bauval.

1910
01:52:20.240 --> 01:52:22.760
- 10 500 years prior to our era,

1911
01:52:22.960 --> 01:52:24.960
or 12 500 years ago,

1912
01:52:25.160 --> 01:52:26.960
a time relatively close
to the beginning

1913
01:52:27.160 --> 01:52:28.960
of the Younger Dryas period.

1914
01:52:29.160 --> 01:52:32.080
Graham Hancock mentioned
an astronomical cycle of the Earth

1915
01:52:32.280 --> 01:52:33.720
called
precession of the equinoxes.

1916
01:52:33.920 --> 01:52:37.080
The reason why one refers
to equinoxes and constellations.

1917
01:52:38.760 --> 01:52:40.760
As explained by Mathieu Laveau
regarding Giza,

1918
01:52:40.960 --> 01:52:43.200
these constellations,
once transferred to the ground,

1919
01:52:43.400 --> 01:52:45.920
would work as time stamps

1920
01:52:46.120 --> 01:52:49.320
But what is
the precession of the equinoxes?

1921
01:52:49.520 --> 01:52:51.840
In reality,
with respect to the Earth,

1922
01:52:52.040 --> 01:52:53.440
stars are not fixed over time.

1923
01:52:53.640 --> 01:52:56.880
the sky looks like it is moving on
whole of 1° every 72 years.

1924
01:52:57.080 --> 01:53:00.440
and you will need almost
26 000 years for a whole circle.

1925
01:53:00.640 --> 01:53:02.280
One turn of the Celestial Wheel.

1926
01:53:02.480 --> 01:53:04.240
It is called a Zodiac.

1927
01:53:04.440 --> 01:53:06.760
[mysterious music]

1928
01:53:06.960 --> 01:53:08.360
To find our way in this zodiac

1929
01:53:08.560 --> 01:53:10.800
we connect the stars together,
which creates shapes,

1930
01:53:11.000 --> 01:53:13.080
which then permits us
to easily identify

1931
01:53:13.280 --> 01:53:14.480
these periods in the sky.

1932
01:53:14.680 --> 01:53:16.840
This is a gigantic
astronomical clock

1933
01:53:17.040 --> 01:53:18.960
that never goes wrong.

1934
01:53:19.160 --> 01:53:20.800
As per Plato,
a tour of the zodiac

1935
01:53:21.000 --> 01:53:23.840
lasts precisely
25 920 years.

1936
01:53:24.040 --> 01:53:28.080
Modern science establishes it
at 25 760 years.

1937
01:53:28.280 --> 01:53:29.440
That Plato managed

1938
01:53:29.640 --> 01:53:32.200
to obtain such a close estimate,
2500 years ago,

1939
01:53:32.400 --> 01:53:35.400
is an enigma that does not seem
to interest anyone.

1940
01:53:35.600 --> 01:53:36.600
Let's give him credit

1941
01:53:36.800 --> 01:53:39.320
and let's take the value
of 25 920 years,

1942
01:53:39.520 --> 01:53:42.720
Which represents a "big year",
divided into 12 months, or eras,

1943
01:53:42.920 --> 01:53:45.160
each lasting about
2 160 years.

1944
01:53:45.360 --> 01:53:47.640
When talking about the modern era,

1945
01:53:47.840 --> 01:53:50.120
it is probably in relation
to the era of the Pisces

1946
01:53:50.320 --> 01:53:52.280
which started about 2000 years ago.

1947
01:53:52.480 --> 01:53:54.880
See our famous
fishermen in Catholicism.

1948
01:53:55.080 --> 01:53:57.280
And consider this:
each of the precessional eras

1949
01:53:57.480 --> 01:54:00.520
is carefully represented
on the ancient sites.

1950
01:54:00.720 --> 01:54:03.200
- There's no doubt the Ancients
paid attention to those.

1951
01:54:03.400 --> 01:54:05.720
During the age of Taurus,
the bull

1952
01:54:05.920 --> 01:54:08.640
was the primary icon
in Ancient Egypt

1953
01:54:08.840 --> 01:54:10.360
and in Ancient Mesopotamia.

1954
01:54:10.880 --> 01:54:12.880
As we shift into the age of Aries

1955
01:54:13.080 --> 01:54:15.400
suddenly rams
become the primary icon

1956
01:54:15.600 --> 01:54:17.840
Just look at that column
of ram-headed sphinxes

1957
01:54:18.040 --> 01:54:19.800
at Karnak, for example,

1958
01:54:20.000 --> 01:54:22.400
As we shift again
into the age of Pisces,

1959
01:54:22.600 --> 01:54:23.840
suddenly, it's the fish.

1960
01:54:24.040 --> 01:54:27.240
The early Christians
used the fish as their symbol.

1961
01:54:27.440 --> 01:54:28.720
So ancient cultures
were aware of this

1962
01:54:28.920 --> 01:54:30.920
and these broad changes
in the heavens

1963
01:54:31.120 --> 01:54:34.200
do seem to be accompanied
by broad changes on Earth.

1964
01:54:34.800 --> 01:54:37.200
- According to ancient myths
and beliefs of various people,

1965
01:54:37.400 --> 01:54:39.080
Earth fits into cycles.

1966
01:54:39.280 --> 01:54:41.320
The most famous being
that of the Mayan suns

1967
01:54:41.520 --> 01:54:43.000
or that of the 4 ages of the Earth.

1968
01:54:43.200 --> 01:54:46.360
As per the doctrine of Hermeticism
the science of Hermes,

1969
01:54:46.560 --> 01:54:48.320
which despite bearing
the name of a Greek God,

1970
01:54:48.520 --> 01:54:50.720
actually dates back
to ancient Egypt.

1971
01:54:50.920 --> 01:54:54.240
So it is a question of cycles
or periods of time.

1972
01:54:54.440 --> 01:54:55.760
Throughout history,

1973
01:54:55.960 --> 01:54:57.480
the end of Time
has often been mentioned.

1974
01:54:57.680 --> 01:55:00.200
but more in reference
to the end of "a" time.

1975
01:55:00.400 --> 01:55:02.960
The end of a precessional era.

1976
01:55:03.160 --> 01:55:06.040
Was this what French writer André
Malraux was referring to when saying

1977
01:55:06.240 --> 01:55:09.760
"The 21st century shall be
spiritual, or won't be at all"?

1978
01:55:09.960 --> 01:55:13.320
But what is the importance
of the procession of the equinoxes?

1979
01:55:13.520 --> 01:55:17.000
For us, I do not know.
But for them, it was important.

1980
01:55:17.200 --> 01:55:18.320
They were convinced
that the planets,

1981
01:55:18.520 --> 01:55:20.360
the gods
often representing these planets,

1982
01:55:20.560 --> 01:55:23.040
had an influence
on the destiny of humankind.

1983
01:55:23.240 --> 01:55:26.400
The idea of the planet-gods
is evident in Ancient Greece,

1984
01:55:26.600 --> 01:55:28.320
where the Antykithera Mechanism,

1985
01:55:28.520 --> 01:55:30.440
which allows to establish
with stupefying precision

1986
01:55:30.640 --> 01:55:32.040
the position of our stars,

1987
01:55:32.240 --> 01:55:33.480
could have a new meaning?

1988
01:55:33.680 --> 01:55:35.720
But if Aries and Taurus
are indeed marking correctly

1989
01:55:35.920 --> 01:55:37.520
the corresponding
astronomical eras,

1990
01:55:37.720 --> 01:55:41.200
what is to be said about the Sphinx
in Giza, connected to the Lion?

1991
01:55:41.400 --> 01:55:44.160
The previous era of the Lion started
indeed about 13 000 years ago

1992
01:55:44.360 --> 01:55:46.720
just before the beginning
of the Younger Dryas period.

1993
01:55:47.640 --> 01:55:48.480
It was at the time

1994
01:55:48.680 --> 01:55:50.560
when I was wondering
about the meaning of all of this

1995
01:55:50.760 --> 01:55:53.240
that the results
came back from Barabar.

1996
01:55:53.440 --> 01:55:56.280
We had indeed decided to go
back there for a very short time

1997
01:55:56.480 --> 01:55:58.160
with a 3D scanner
and someone to operate it.

1998
01:55:58.360 --> 01:56:00.320
A sound level meter
for acoustic studies,

1999
01:56:00.520 --> 01:56:03.960
a laser level to measure
horizontality, verticality,

2000
01:56:04.160 --> 01:56:06.240
and to check the regularity
of the curves.

2001
01:56:06.440 --> 01:56:10.040
[mysterious humming]

2002
01:56:12.720 --> 01:56:15.600
The images you will see
are the result of 3D scans

2003
01:56:15.800 --> 01:56:19.600
done by a laser rotating double-beam
all over the surfaces.

2004
01:56:19.800 --> 01:56:21.920
They are the equivalent of an MRI.

2005
01:56:22.120 --> 01:56:24.760
The impacts of the lasers
determine millions of points

2006
01:56:24.960 --> 01:56:28.760
allowing to later recreate volumes
with a precision to the millimeter

2007
01:56:28.960 --> 01:56:31.280
and to obtain
tri-dimensional pictures

2008
01:56:31.480 --> 01:56:35.280
which I will show you in raw form,
with no touch-up.

2009
01:56:35.480 --> 01:56:37.960
Let's start
with the two unfinished caves.

2010
01:56:43.720 --> 01:56:47.920
[intriguing ambiance]

2011
01:57:13.400 --> 01:57:15.360
Then on to the completed caves.

2012
01:57:15.560 --> 01:57:18.840
We can see a logical evolution
of the shapes.

2013
01:57:19.040 --> 01:57:21.000
The first one
is a trapeze-shaped cave

2014
01:57:21.200 --> 01:57:22.680
with a vaulted ceiling,

2015
01:57:22.880 --> 01:57:24.120
entryway in its width.

2016
01:57:26.840 --> 01:57:30.000
[intriguing ambiance]

2017
01:57:40.600 --> 01:57:43.440
The second one is trapeze-shaped
with a vaulted ceiling,

2018
01:57:43.640 --> 01:57:45.280
entryway in its length.

2019
01:57:45.480 --> 01:57:48.000
[intriguing ambiance]

2020
01:58:00.480 --> 01:58:03.640
The third one is entirely vaulted,
entryway in its width

2021
01:58:03.840 --> 01:58:05.920
and the back wall is curved.

2022
01:58:09.680 --> 01:58:12.000
[intriguing ambiance]

2023
01:58:23.120 --> 01:58:25.560
The fourth one is trapeze-shaped
with a vaulted ceiling,

2024
01:58:26.240 --> 01:58:27.520
entryway in its length,

2025
01:58:27.720 --> 01:58:29.720
curved at each of its extremities.

2026
01:58:30.960 --> 01:58:34.000
[intriguing ambiance]

2027
01:58:39.880 --> 01:58:41.720
The fifth one is the most complex,

2028
01:58:41.920 --> 01:58:43.800
trapeze-shaped
with a vaulted ceiling,

2029
01:58:44.000 --> 01:58:47.520
hemisphere over a cylinder,
truncated at one end.

2030
01:58:52.800 --> 01:58:55.880
[intriguing ambiance]

2031
01:59:09.160 --> 01:59:12.440
This is what was accomplished
in granite about 2 300 years ago,

2032
01:59:13.600 --> 01:59:14.600
in India.

2033
01:59:14.800 --> 01:59:17.040
These caves are the oldest
of their kind in India

2034
01:59:17.240 --> 01:59:18.520
and for some unknown reason

2035
01:59:18.720 --> 01:59:21.560
all those built in the centuries
that followed never managed

2036
01:59:21.760 --> 01:59:24.360
the same level of precision
and finish once constructed.

2037
01:59:26.360 --> 01:59:28.400
Using material
harder than reinforced steel,

2038
01:59:28.600 --> 01:59:30.800
complex shapes were built
with a degree of precision

2039
01:59:31.000 --> 01:59:32.920
ranging from 2 to 8 millimeters

2040
01:59:33.120 --> 01:59:35.360
over a length
often exceeding 13 meters.

2041
01:59:35.560 --> 01:59:38.560
this is more than a
"good enough for the eye" work.

2042
01:59:38.760 --> 01:59:41.520
These caves are the most
vertically symmetrical,

2043
01:59:41.720 --> 01:59:45.480
a real accomplishment, given
the available means at the time.

2044
01:59:45.680 --> 01:59:47.520
Let us put aside the question
about the tools

2045
01:59:47.720 --> 01:59:50.120
that enabled the constructions
of the caves

2046
01:59:50.320 --> 01:59:52.920
under such conditions and discuss
the geometry of the shapes.

2047
01:59:53.920 --> 01:59:54.760
Vapiyaka,

2048
01:59:54.960 --> 01:59:55.960
Karan Chopar,

2049
01:59:56.160 --> 01:59:57.240
Gopika

2050
01:59:57.440 --> 02:00:00.040
and the Sudama room
all contain trapezoidal sections.

2051
02:00:00.240 --> 02:00:02.880
The vertical walls are
in fact slightly tilted

2052
02:00:03.080 --> 02:00:06.240
with a constant angle
of less than three degrees.

2053
02:00:06.440 --> 02:00:08.360
In these rooms
with trapezoidal sections

2054
02:00:08.560 --> 02:00:11.040
we place portions of cylinders
in the form of arcs

2055
02:00:11.240 --> 02:00:15.440
whose central axe height varies
from one cave to the other.

2056
02:00:15.640 --> 02:00:16.600
In Vapiyaka,

2057
02:00:16.800 --> 02:00:20.240
the axe is located approximately
13 cm over the floor.

2058
02:00:20.440 --> 02:00:21.400
In Karan Chopar,

2059
02:00:21.600 --> 02:00:24.960
the axis is located approximately
1,20 m over the floor.

2060
02:00:25.880 --> 02:00:26.840
In the room in Sudama,

2061
02:00:27.040 --> 02:00:30.560
the axis is located approximately
1,10 m over the floor.

2062
02:00:30.760 --> 02:00:32.880
But in Gopika,
it is more complicated

2063
02:00:33.080 --> 02:00:38.000
since the axe is located
approximately 47 cm under the floor.

2064
02:00:38.200 --> 02:00:41.080
Building an arc whose axis
is located 47 cm under the floor

2065
02:00:41.280 --> 02:00:44.480
greatly complicates measurements
during its construction.

2066
02:00:44.680 --> 02:00:46.880
A requirement
to verify proper curvature.

2067
02:00:47.080 --> 02:00:49.640
Nothing mandates that arcs
be made from portions of cylinders

2068
02:00:49.840 --> 02:00:51.440
unless this is explicitly required.

2069
02:00:51.640 --> 02:00:53.840
And everything is done
with a glass finish.

2070
02:00:54.040 --> 02:00:55.040
Let us simplify things.

2071
02:00:55.240 --> 02:00:57.680
We do not aim
for such precision for no reason.

2072
02:00:57.880 --> 02:00:59.160
In the case of the caves,

2073
02:00:59.360 --> 02:01:02.480
it must have been a necessary part
of the architectural specifications.

2074
02:01:02.680 --> 02:01:06.520
Construction plans with such precise
dimensions had a specific reason,

2075
02:01:06.720 --> 02:01:08.840
all which enlightens us
about the knowledge and the skills

2076
02:01:09.040 --> 02:01:10.320
required for their execution,

2077
02:01:10.520 --> 02:01:12.760
which would have required
at least one engineer

2078
02:01:12.960 --> 02:01:15.880
and several highly skilled
laborers during construction.

2079
02:01:16.080 --> 02:01:17.240
Something that appears
quite advanced

2080
02:01:17.440 --> 02:01:18.800
with respect to the knowledge

2081
02:01:19.000 --> 02:01:20.880
and the technical means
available during the Ashoka period,

2082
02:01:21.080 --> 02:01:23.760
indicated by the quality
in the realization of the porch

2083
02:01:23.960 --> 02:01:26.400
and the inscriptions
on certain caves.

2084
02:01:27.480 --> 02:01:30.400
OK, but why construct
such peculiar rooms?

2085
02:01:30.800 --> 02:01:33.080
Something surprising
about the caves is the sound,

2086
02:01:33.280 --> 02:01:36.400
and the way it propagates due to
the slight inclination of the walls,

2087
02:01:36.600 --> 02:01:38.640
which leads
to a suppression of echo

2088
02:01:38.840 --> 02:01:40.840
in favor of acoustic resonance.

2089
02:01:41.040 --> 02:01:43.160
If it is not
an extraordinary coincidence,

2090
02:01:43.360 --> 02:01:45.440
which is likely when confronted
with the evidence,

2091
02:01:45.640 --> 02:01:47.360
then where can
the preliminary tests

2092
02:01:47.560 --> 02:01:50.120
leading to such degree
of expertise be found?

2093
02:01:50.320 --> 02:01:52.520
Once again, like with
the Antikythera mechanism,

2094
02:01:52.720 --> 02:01:55.920
it was necessary to experiment,
to conceive prototypes.

2095
02:01:56.120 --> 02:01:58.800
Caves of such precisions are not
conceivable without prior tests.

2096
02:01:59.000 --> 02:02:00.920
Yet no prototype is found anywhere

2097
02:02:01.120 --> 02:02:03.360
other than these two
incomplete caves.

2098
02:02:03.560 --> 02:02:05.920
And the work performed
in the following centuries in India

2099
02:02:06.120 --> 02:02:10.160
would never equal, or come close
to the level of these masterpieces.

2100
02:02:10.360 --> 02:02:12.880
These spaces behave
like resonance chambers.

2101
02:02:13.080 --> 02:02:14.680
Tests conducted in the Sudama cave

2102
02:02:14.880 --> 02:02:17.360
show that when one is placed
in the center of the dome,

2103
02:02:17.560 --> 02:02:22.040
certain frequencies make precise
parts of the organism vibrate.

2104
02:02:22.240 --> 02:02:25.120
But Let's be more concrete.
Data analysis using a sonometer

2105
02:02:25.320 --> 02:02:27.240
yields incredible results
for three of the caves.

2106
02:02:27.440 --> 02:02:28.960
Measurements taken in the last two

2107
02:02:29.160 --> 02:02:32.120
are not sufficient at the moment
and will need further completion.

2108
02:02:32.320 --> 02:02:34.320
Let us start by Karan Chopar.

2109
02:02:34.520 --> 02:02:36.920
This cave resonates
at a frequency of 200 Hz

2110
02:02:37.120 --> 02:02:38.960
as well as at multiples
of this frequency:

2111
02:02:39.160 --> 02:02:43.880
400 Hz, 800 Hz,
1000 Hz and 1200 Hz.

2112
02:02:44.080 --> 02:02:46.280
Gopika resonates at 200 Hz

2113
02:02:46.480 --> 02:02:49.960
400 Hz, 800 Hz and 1200 hz.

2114
02:02:50.160 --> 02:02:52.920
And Vadathika resonates
at 200 Hz and 1000 Hz.

2115
02:02:53.120 --> 02:02:55.160
[loud thud]

2116
02:02:55.360 --> 02:02:58.160
Are you aware of the implications?

2117
02:02:58.360 --> 02:03:00.240
Those who conceived
and built these three caves

2118
02:03:00.440 --> 02:03:02.240
ith their specific shapes
and dimensions

2119
02:03:02.440 --> 02:03:05.280
knew that they would resonate
at these frequencies.

2120
02:03:05.480 --> 02:03:08.080
Can we attribute this
to mere coincidence?

2121
02:03:08.280 --> 02:03:12.160
Precise frequency calculations,
2300 years ago.

2122
02:03:12.360 --> 02:03:14.840
Since these three shapes
resonate at precise frequencies,

2123
02:03:15.040 --> 02:03:16.760
how can we know it
before making them?

2124
02:03:16.960 --> 02:03:19.480
How to calculate their dimensions?

2125
02:03:19.680 --> 02:03:20.800
In regards to Sudama,

2126
02:03:21.000 --> 02:03:22.840
the circular diameter
on the ground of the chamber

2127
02:03:23.040 --> 02:03:24.960
measures 6 meters,
to the millimieter.

2128
02:03:25.160 --> 02:03:27.400
On this complex shape
of truncated cone

2129
02:03:27.600 --> 02:03:30.200
they placed half a sphere
of about 3 meters in diameter

2130
02:03:30.400 --> 02:03:32.520
with a 5cm difference this time,

2131
02:03:32.720 --> 02:03:34.640
whose center is
1 meter above the ground,

2132
02:03:34.840 --> 02:03:36.440
give or take 1 cm.

2133
02:03:36.640 --> 02:03:39.320
No, I won't sell you the meter
over other measuring units

2134
02:03:39.520 --> 02:03:41.920
but, recurrent luck
or a hint from the builders,

2135
02:03:42.120 --> 02:03:44.080
this circle is about
6 meters in diameter

2136
02:03:44.280 --> 02:03:46.840
or Pi in royal cubits
in diameter.

2137
02:03:47.040 --> 02:03:48.000
Divided by 6,

2138
02:03:48.200 --> 02:03:50.440
the arc equals Pi
in meters.

2139
02:03:51.840 --> 02:03:54.760
[mysterious music]

2140
02:03:56.920 --> 02:03:59.640
What if I told you
these granite caves are also located

2141
02:03:59.840 --> 02:04:02.560
ver a discontinuity point
of Earth's crust?

2142
02:04:02.760 --> 02:04:04.640
It is up to each of you
to conclude what you want

2143
02:04:04.840 --> 02:04:06.640
in regard to these masterpieces.

2144
02:04:06.840 --> 02:04:08.960
That with the help
of chisels and good will

2145
02:04:09.160 --> 02:04:11.560
builders might have accomplished
this useless miracle

2146
02:04:11.760 --> 02:04:13.400
or maybe we are indeed facing

2147
02:04:13.600 --> 02:04:16.840
the illustration of a science
totally unknown to us.

2148
02:04:17.440 --> 02:04:19.480
Ritualistic or religious reason

2149
02:04:19.680 --> 02:04:22.920
or remnants of a science
misunderstood and forgotten?

2150
02:04:23.120 --> 02:04:25.080
I believe we have greatly mistaken

2151
02:04:25.280 --> 02:04:27.040
about the true function
of these sacred temples

2152
02:04:27.240 --> 02:04:28.800
of our past.

2153
02:04:29.000 --> 02:04:32.240
If one spends so much energy
maneuvering such massive stones.

2154
02:04:32.440 --> 02:04:34.840
Of one adjusts
and fits them so precisely.

2155
02:04:35.040 --> 02:04:36.280
Of one positions them

2156
02:04:36.480 --> 02:04:38.200
at the intersections
of the magnetic equator

2157
02:04:38.400 --> 02:04:39.400
with discontinuity points.

2158
02:04:39.600 --> 02:04:42.160
If one builds them
with such unique rocks.

2159
02:04:42.360 --> 02:04:44.280
If one uses such special numbers.

2160
02:04:44.480 --> 02:04:47.440
If one meticulously orients
the structures with the stars,

2161
02:04:47.640 --> 02:04:50.400
it is obviously because
there is more to it.

2162
02:04:52.240 --> 02:04:54.320
We still have a lot to learn
from Barabar and Giza.

2163
02:04:54.520 --> 02:04:55.920
I am sure.

2164
02:04:56.560 --> 02:04:59.000
[hopeful music]

2165
02:04:59.200 --> 02:05:01.760
Before placing the last and
necessary piece of this puzzle

2166
02:05:01.960 --> 02:05:04.960
I will restate
what we have thus found.

2167
02:05:06.600 --> 02:05:08.000
Enigmatic ancient sites

2168
02:05:08.200 --> 02:05:09.880
built according
to similar techniques

2169
02:05:10.080 --> 02:05:12.800
everywhere on the planet implying
a transmission of knowledge.

2170
02:05:14.320 --> 02:05:16.440
Absence of archives or explanations

2171
02:05:16.640 --> 02:05:18.320
about the means
and techniques utilized.

2172
02:05:18.520 --> 02:05:20.680
A particular care
in the choice of rocks.

2173
02:05:22.960 --> 02:05:24.440
Unfinished elements.

2174
02:05:26.040 --> 02:05:29.040
[mysterious music]

2175
02:05:29.800 --> 02:05:32.680
An advanced design accompanied
by a precise construction

2176
02:05:32.880 --> 02:05:34.440
contrary to the knowledge
and simple means

2177
02:05:34.640 --> 02:05:35.960
supposedly used at the time.

2178
02:05:39.320 --> 02:05:41.680
Astronomical orientation
of major sites

2179
02:05:41.880 --> 02:05:44.760
in reference to the precession
of the equinoxes.

2180
02:05:44.960 --> 02:05:47.520
An archaeological site
pushing back the certainty

2181
02:05:47.720 --> 02:05:49.320
of the beginnings
of human sedentarization

2182
02:05:49.520 --> 02:05:51.800
to the start of the last era

2183
02:05:52.000 --> 02:05:55.240
of brutal climate changes of our
planet, about 13 000 years ago.

2184
02:05:55.920 --> 02:05:58.800
An archaeological site implying
the use of sound frequencies

2185
02:05:59.000 --> 02:06:00.520
for reasons still unknown.

2186
02:06:01.320 --> 02:06:03.120
Presence of the
Golden Ratio geometry

2187
02:06:03.320 --> 02:06:06.840
opposing the knowledge
commonly attributed at the time

2188
02:06:07.040 --> 02:06:09.200
A connection between the cubit
of the Great Pyramid,

2189
02:06:09.400 --> 02:06:10.920
the royal Quine and the meter.

2190
02:06:11.120 --> 02:06:13.240
implying a knowledge
of the dimensions of the Earth

2191
02:06:13.440 --> 02:06:15.520
before its measurement in 1795

2192
02:06:15.720 --> 02:06:17.840
and its transmission
throughout the ages.

2193
02:06:18.640 --> 02:06:21.600
The positioning of ancient sites
within a geometric planetary frame

2194
02:06:21.800 --> 02:06:23.120
connected to the Golden Ratio,

2195
02:06:23.320 --> 02:06:25.440
the dregrees
and the metric system.

2196
02:06:25.640 --> 02:06:27.800
The location of sites
at the intersection of points

2197
02:06:28.000 --> 02:06:29.640
of discontinuity of Earth's crust

2198
02:06:29.840 --> 02:06:31.280
and the magnetic equator.

2199
02:06:32.080 --> 02:06:34.280
Scriptures, myths
or sacred texts mentioning one

2200
02:06:34.480 --> 02:06:36.680
or more advanced
civilisations vanishing

2201
02:06:36.880 --> 02:06:39.840
confirmed at various places
by the discovery of remains.

2202
02:06:41.960 --> 02:06:43.720
Facing all these facts and
connections,

2203
02:06:43.920 --> 02:06:46.480
I put forward that
instead of chance, I choose

2204
02:06:46.680 --> 02:06:48.680
what seems to be
the most rational explanation.

2205
02:06:48.880 --> 02:06:51.920
The existence of a very advanced
civilisation in the past

2206
02:06:52.120 --> 02:06:54.960
who would have disappeared
following a cataclysm.

2207
02:06:55.160 --> 02:06:57.480
I have wondered how it could
have transmitted its knowledge

2208
02:06:57.680 --> 02:06:59.520
through a unique way
to see the world.

2209
02:06:59.720 --> 02:07:00.920
not knowing whether it could be

2210
02:07:01.120 --> 02:07:03.200
understood
by other civilizations after it.

2211
02:07:03.400 --> 02:07:06.480
And it appeared to me,
in all its splendor.

2212
02:07:06.680 --> 02:07:10.280
So, "genius builders” or
"fruit of our imagination"?

2213
02:07:10.480 --> 02:07:12.640
[epic music]

2214
02:07:12.840 --> 02:07:14.560
In the Apocalypse
according to St John,

2215
02:07:14.760 --> 02:07:17.360
the prophetic text ending
the New Testament of the Christians,

2216
02:07:17.560 --> 02:07:19.920
he mentions the end
of a particular era.

2217
02:07:20.120 --> 02:07:23.160
One may read this
rather enigmatic sentence.

2218
02:07:34.840 --> 02:07:38.080
On a card of the Marseille tarot,
the arcane 21, called "The World"

2219
02:07:38.280 --> 02:07:39.840
one may find these 3 animals

2220
02:07:40.040 --> 02:07:43.200
as well as the man,
represented by an angel.

2221
02:07:43.400 --> 02:07:45.320
We are told about
astronomical constellations.

2222
02:07:46.760 --> 02:07:49.800
Taurus, Lion, Scorpio
that used to be the Eagle,

2223
02:07:50.000 --> 02:07:52.240
and Aquarius,
formerly the angel.

2224
02:07:52.440 --> 02:07:55.520
Aldebaraan, Regulus,
Antares and Fomalhaut.

2225
02:07:55.720 --> 02:07:57.880
The Fixed Cross
of the Elders.

2226
02:07:58.080 --> 02:08:00.520
Printed in a double square
on the Tarot card.

2227
02:08:00.720 --> 02:08:04.280
A double square opening
to the Golden Ratio geometry.

2228
02:08:06.240 --> 02:08:07.920
Contrary to popular belief,

2229
02:08:08.120 --> 02:08:10.840
"apocalypse" in Greek
does not mean "the end of the world"

2230
02:08:11.040 --> 02:08:14.520
but "disclosure of knowledge".

2231
02:08:16.000 --> 02:08:18.080
A religious scripture,
a card game, structures

2232
02:08:18.840 --> 02:08:20.760
Multiple communication mediums

2233
02:08:20.960 --> 02:08:22.760
conveying
the same invisible knowledge

2234
02:08:22.960 --> 02:08:24.760
to those who don't know
how to read it,

2235
02:08:24.960 --> 02:08:27.400
But will keep playing it
and telling stories

2236
02:08:27.600 --> 02:08:30.240
since this is the way humans are.

2237
02:08:32.360 --> 02:08:34.360
In the animal kingdom
which we belong to,

2238
02:08:34.560 --> 02:08:37.360
game has always been
the best learning aide.

2239
02:08:37.560 --> 02:08:39.320
Similar to the stories
that we are told

2240
02:08:39.520 --> 02:08:42.360
and are sometimes teaching us,
without even seeming to.

2241
02:08:42.560 --> 02:08:44.160
[mysterious music]

2242
02:08:45.080 --> 02:08:46.280
This type of transmission

2243
02:08:46.480 --> 02:08:48.760
would have more chance
to hide from the various powers

2244
02:08:48.960 --> 02:08:50.600
that inevitably appeared
on our planet,

2245
02:08:50.800 --> 02:08:53.120
with the disturbing habit
to try and rewrite the past,

2246
02:08:53.720 --> 02:08:56.120
to better justify
their domineering position.

2247
02:08:57.880 --> 02:09:01.080
But they will always let people
play and tell tales.

2248
02:09:02.880 --> 02:09:04.120
Even the almighty Church

2249
02:09:04.320 --> 02:09:07.280
with its tetramorph supposedly
representing the 4 evangelists

2250
02:09:07.480 --> 02:09:09.360
Mathew, Mark, Luke and John

2251
02:09:09.560 --> 02:09:11.520
would not have
seen anything.

2252
02:09:11.720 --> 02:09:13.720
[mysterious music]

2253
02:09:13.920 --> 02:09:16.920
Otherwise why would it reverse
the Lion and the Taurus?

2254
02:09:18.680 --> 02:09:20.520
It may have all been
laid before our eyes

2255
02:09:20.720 --> 02:09:22.920
everywhere all the time,
and since the beginning.

2256
02:09:24.000 --> 02:09:26.640
Ways to transmit,
throughout thousands of years

2257
02:09:26.840 --> 02:09:28.960
information
impossible to understand

2258
02:09:29.160 --> 02:09:31.200
before reaching
a certain level of development.

2259
02:09:31.920 --> 02:09:36.160
What an extraordinary act of wisdom
provided by these builders.

2260
02:09:36.360 --> 02:09:38.240
And what an extraordinary
lesson of humility

2261
02:09:38.440 --> 02:09:40.920
and self-sacrifice
from these humble people

2262
02:09:41.120 --> 02:09:43.760
who discreetly transmitted
this precious information

2263
02:09:43.960 --> 02:09:44.880
throughout time

2264
02:09:45.080 --> 02:09:48.400
for the time when we will be
able to understand it again.

2265
02:09:49.440 --> 02:09:52.120
Given what we can see regarding
these complex structures,

2266
02:09:52.320 --> 02:09:54.080
it appears that we are still
very far away

2267
02:09:54.280 --> 02:09:55.520
from reaching
their level of knowledge

2268
02:09:55.720 --> 02:09:57.440
and simplicity
in expression,

2269
02:09:57.640 --> 02:10:00.160
which I find is truly genius.

2270
02:10:02.840 --> 02:10:05.520
Which makes it impossible
to comprehend to the eyes of those

2271
02:10:05.720 --> 02:10:08.720
who see without seeing and have
no other choice than to giggle,

2272
02:10:08.920 --> 02:10:10.600
For with the caves at Barabar,

2273
02:10:10.800 --> 02:10:12.200
the sound and science of frequencies

2274
02:10:12.400 --> 02:10:14.680
comes into play
through the front door.

2275
02:10:14.880 --> 02:10:16.960
The one,
open but not understood

2276
02:10:17.160 --> 02:10:19.440
of the High Chamber
of the Great Pyramid at Giza,

2277
02:10:19.640 --> 02:10:20.560
also made of granite,

2278
02:10:20.760 --> 02:10:24.240
seemingly a concentration
of all of our ancestors' knowledge.

2279
02:10:25.640 --> 02:10:26.840
This prodigious High Chamber

2280
02:10:27.040 --> 02:10:29.360
protected by such
an inefficient security system

2281
02:10:29.560 --> 02:10:32.000
that considering their high level
of technical mastery

2282
02:10:32.200 --> 02:10:33.960
we could only see as symbolic.

2283
02:10:34.160 --> 02:10:36.960
A system that would lead one
to expect a precious treasure

2284
02:10:37.160 --> 02:10:39.840
But there is nothing more
than an austere granite trunk

2285
02:10:40.040 --> 02:10:42.560
too big to pass through the door
and the hallways.

2286
02:10:42.760 --> 02:10:44.000
Why?

2287
02:10:44.640 --> 02:10:46.840
The ritualistic
or religious explanation

2288
02:10:47.040 --> 02:10:48.320
prevents further thinking.

2289
02:10:48.520 --> 02:10:50.560
However
after all that we have seen

2290
02:10:50.760 --> 02:10:53.480
its significance is self evident.

2291
02:10:55.960 --> 02:10:58.360
This chamber contains
the ultimate treasure.

2292
02:10:58.560 --> 02:11:00.760
The treasure of knowledge.

2293
02:11:00.960 --> 02:11:03.280
It's a sublime
mathematical symphony.

2294
02:11:03.480 --> 02:11:05.240
The true music of the spheres,

2295
02:11:05.440 --> 02:11:07.960
written in the universal
language of the numbers,

2296
02:11:08.160 --> 02:11:11.080
creating
the invisible frame of our world.

2297
02:11:12.040 --> 02:11:15.360
[ominous music]

2298
02:11:15.560 --> 02:11:18.120
For the few experiences
I could have in this chamber

2299
02:11:18.320 --> 02:11:20.440
the sound seems to play
an important role.

2300
02:11:20.640 --> 02:11:21.880
The spectral audio analysis

2301
02:11:22.080 --> 02:11:24.560
performed on the voice
recording data in this room

2302
02:11:24.760 --> 02:11:27.120
exhibits a set a frequences
sensibly equal

2303
02:11:27.320 --> 02:11:29.440
to that found in the three
first caves of Barabar.

2304
02:11:30.240 --> 02:11:32.440
It is possible it consists,
as in Barabar,

2305
02:11:32.640 --> 02:11:36.640
of the ancient musical skill,
based on 432 Hz.

2306
02:11:36.840 --> 02:11:38.480
But all requires further analysis

2307
02:11:38.680 --> 02:11:41.000
with more sophisticated material.

2308
02:11:41.200 --> 02:11:42.920
But what if I suspect is proving

2309
02:11:43.120 --> 02:11:45.240
the perspectives
are mind-blowing.

2310
02:11:47.240 --> 02:11:49.720
This debauchery
of technical prowess

2311
02:11:49.920 --> 02:11:51.520
accomplished
all around our planet,

2312
02:11:51.720 --> 02:11:54.720
in specific locations that can only
be determined with certainty

2313
02:11:54.920 --> 02:11:56.760
with the help of an elaborate
scientific knowledge,

2314
02:11:57.400 --> 02:11:59.240
all these clues left
everywhere around us

2315
02:11:59.440 --> 02:12:00.840
represent in my eyes,

2316
02:12:01.040 --> 02:12:03.440
the indisputable trace
of these builders.

2317
02:12:04.200 --> 02:12:07.160
[epic music]

2318
02:12:08.160 --> 02:12:09.880
These builders,
whose recollection

2319
02:12:10.080 --> 02:12:11.480
seems to be
lost in the memory,

2320
02:12:11.680 --> 02:12:15.400
but whose footprints, left in stone,
are more than eloquent.

2321
02:12:16.880 --> 02:12:19.680
These footprints,
we also find in scriptures.

2322
02:12:19.880 --> 02:12:20.960
To the readers of the Koran,

2323
02:12:21.160 --> 02:12:22.760
I wish to dedicate
this sentence.

2324
02:12:31.720 --> 02:12:33.760
And to those reading the Bible,
this one.

2325
02:12:37.480 --> 02:12:39.600
For the site of Gobekli Tepe
does not cry out.

2326
02:12:39.800 --> 02:12:42.160
It screams.
And it is not the only one.

2327
02:12:43.800 --> 02:12:45.760
[ominous music]

2328
02:12:45.960 --> 02:12:48.720
If we exclude from the equations
the disrupting elements,

2329
02:12:48.920 --> 02:12:51.000
then one will not find
what one is looking for.

2330
02:12:51.200 --> 02:12:52.960
It is the same thing
when an archaeologist

2331
02:12:53.160 --> 02:12:55.000
who does not believe
in the existence

2332
02:12:55.200 --> 02:12:57.640
of sophisticated mechanical
tools in the past

2333
02:12:57.840 --> 02:12:59.440
does not see the point
in measuring a surface

2334
02:12:59.640 --> 02:13:02.040
with the roughness-measuring
device or to scan it in 3D.

2335
02:13:02.240 --> 02:13:03.560
If he is already convinced

2336
02:13:03.760 --> 02:13:05.680
that it is
the by-product of basic tools

2337
02:13:05.880 --> 02:13:07.520
then why bother checking?

2338
02:13:07.720 --> 02:13:10.000
This goes against
the true scientific approach

2339
02:13:10.200 --> 02:13:11.240
which, since Descartes,

2340
02:13:11.440 --> 02:13:12.840
needs to wipe the slate clean

2341
02:13:13.040 --> 02:13:15.320
of assumptions
and prejudice.

2342
02:13:16.320 --> 02:13:17.720
At the end of the 18th century

2343
02:13:17.920 --> 02:13:19.600
a scientist as brilliant
as Lavoisier

2344
02:13:19.800 --> 02:13:20.720
was smiling at the fact

2345
02:13:20.920 --> 02:13:23.440
that stones might be able
to fall from the sky.

2346
02:13:23.640 --> 02:13:26.880
A few decades before the existence
of meteorites was proven.

2347
02:13:27.080 --> 02:13:28.400
So be let's be prudent.

2348
02:13:28.600 --> 02:13:30.440
since tomorrow's science
will probably

2349
02:13:30.640 --> 02:13:32.080
shatter today's convictions.

2350
02:14:17.480 --> 02:14:20.800
The hypothesis of a lost
civilisation is disruptive.

2351
02:14:21.000 --> 02:14:24.160
Most of the time it is ridiculed
and those who defend this theory

2352
02:14:24.360 --> 02:14:26.360
as serious as they might be,
are ignored,

2353
02:14:26.560 --> 02:14:29.040
which prevents us from
discussing their arguments.

2354
02:14:29.240 --> 02:14:30.920
As educated as one may be,

2355
02:14:31.120 --> 02:14:33.720
no one is exempt from their own
prejudice and emotions

2356
02:14:33.920 --> 02:14:36.560
otherwise, how would we explain
that such a hypothesis

2357
02:14:36.760 --> 02:14:38.600
could bother us so much?

2358
02:14:38.800 --> 02:14:41.320
For this reason, I wanted to pay
respect to all these researchers

2359
02:14:41.520 --> 02:14:44.320
who are fighting silently
away from all of the media's chaos

2360
02:14:44.520 --> 02:14:46.240
and mockeries of their colleagues

2361
02:14:46.440 --> 02:14:48.520
Because in the end
only the facts count.

2362
02:14:48.720 --> 02:14:50.160
In summary
what I am trying to say

2363
02:14:50.360 --> 02:14:53.440
is that we will most likely need
to change our way of thinking

2364
02:14:53.640 --> 02:14:55.040
if we want to understand the science

2365
02:14:55.240 --> 02:14:57.400
of these builders
of the ancient world.

2366
02:14:57.600 --> 02:14:59.360
I know it is not easy
to reconsider

2367
02:14:59.560 --> 02:15:01.320
the founding principles
of our society,

2368
02:15:01.520 --> 02:15:04.560
on which we have built
our current vision of the world.

2369
02:15:04.760 --> 02:15:06.560
Yet all these kings,
emperors, dictators,

2370
02:15:06.760 --> 02:15:08.520
political leaders
and religious heads

2371
02:15:08.720 --> 02:15:11.640
throughout our history have
each time arranged the stories,

2372
02:15:11.840 --> 02:15:13.280
erased the records
of the losers

2373
02:15:13.480 --> 02:15:15.240
and surely wiped out
or rewritten the past

2374
02:15:15.440 --> 02:15:17.920
in order to legitimize their power.

2375
02:15:18.120 --> 02:15:20.320
[epic music]

2376
02:15:20.520 --> 02:15:22.360
But the structures from the past
are speaking to us

2377
02:15:22.560 --> 02:15:23.800
if we deign listen to them.

2378
02:15:24.000 --> 02:15:25.720
The city of Caral
shows it is possible

2379
02:15:25.920 --> 02:15:28.200
to live a long period in time
without any conflict.

2380
02:15:28.400 --> 02:15:31.480
Ancient Egypt also, since it did not
start any expansion wars.

2381
02:15:32.040 --> 02:15:34.440
The Inca Empire again,
who showed us that

2382
02:15:34.640 --> 02:15:36.720
if all the people were not
properly integrated

2383
02:15:36.920 --> 02:15:38.160
in the respect of their identity

2384
02:15:38.360 --> 02:15:41.600
and not by force, sooner
or later, conflict would ensue.

2385
02:15:43.520 --> 02:15:46.280
Our Earth also,
is perhaps speaking to us.

2386
02:15:46.480 --> 02:15:49.600
Our magnetic pole has sped up
its pace in the last 30 years

2387
02:15:49.800 --> 02:15:50.920
and one would need to be blind

2388
02:15:51.120 --> 02:15:52.880
not to see
that our climate is disrupted.

2389
02:15:53.360 --> 02:15:55.720
The ground is rumbling
more often and more loudly.

2390
02:15:56.920 --> 02:15:58.640
We still have so much to discover

2391
02:15:58.840 --> 02:16:01.760
it is now up to you to go
and see these sites.

2392
02:16:01.960 --> 02:16:03.040
Wake up!

2393
02:16:06.840 --> 02:16:08.760
[whooshing]

2394
02:16:11.960 --> 02:16:14.760
[mysterious music]