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YTS.MX
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大白鲨
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全神贯注
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力大无穷
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意志坚定
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它们的猎食对象通常是海豹
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但有没有可能捕猎更大的生物
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大到超乎想象
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《鲨与鲸》
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南非海岸有大量鲨鱼出没
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体型巨大的虎鲨
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掠夺成性的公牛鲨
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还有成群的乌翅真鲨
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它们都栖息在这里
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这里是掠食者的游乐场
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大约有两百万只海豹生活在非洲南端
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所以地球上
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最多大白鲨打猎的地方之一
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就在这片水域
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其他大型动物也在这里
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现在是南半球的初冬
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像这样的一大群座头鲸正向北迁徙
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四个月来
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它们以南极海域营养丰富的磷虾为食
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为这趟旅程累积鲸脂储量
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每年有超过三万只座头鲸展开大迁徙
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它们的目的地是莫桑比克海峡
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为了在温暖的热带水域生下幼鲸
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非洲南部的海洋对幼鲸来说太冷了
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而且也很危险
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南非
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大白鲨统治着这片南部海域
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座头鲸的迁徙路线
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刚好会经过大白鲨的领地
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那么当座头鲸和大白鲨相遇时
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会发生什么事
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天啊
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远离船只 好了
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瑞安·约翰逊
是南非莫塞尔湾的鲨鱼科学家
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他研究这里的大白鲨已有20多年
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有了 它上钩了
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2017年2月
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他在遥控无人机进行鲨鱼调查时
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电话响了
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国家海上救援协会打电话来
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说他们接到通报 海上有一只鲸鱼
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看起来像是被一条长线缠住了
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这只鲸鱼没有反应
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它死了吗
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鲸鱼开始呼吸吹气
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我才发现这只鲸鱼还活着
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接着瑞安又看到了别的生物
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一只4.3米长的大白鲨
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直接朝这只幼鲸游过去
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它做了一件意想不到的事
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它攻击了鲸鱼
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我懂科学 也懂文学
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我知道这是前所未见的景象
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它咬了鲸鱼的尾巴
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接着把虚弱的鲸鱼翻过身去
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好像想要淹死它一样
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这不是什么偶然相遇事件
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而是大白鲨对鲸鱼有计划的攻击
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一只似乎知道该怎么行动的鲨鱼
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瑞安是第一个目睹鲨鱼这种行为的人
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他不断重复播放无人机画面
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突然认出了这只鲨鱼
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他早在2012年就为了研究
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帮这只鲨鱼植入了标签
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它的名字叫海伦
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背鳍从水面下冒出来
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可以清楚看到它身上残留的卫星标签
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还有它独特的背鳍
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它就是那只猎捕座头鲸的鲨鱼
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一只活生生的座头鲸
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它算是进入了鲨鱼界的名人堂
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它将永远被人们记得
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瑞安提出了一个严肃的问题
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这起鲨鱼攻击是一次性事件
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还是大白鲨真的会捕食活鲸
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只是我们从未见过
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为了得到答案 瑞安决定深入调查
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他跟随座头鲸展开6437公里的大迁徙
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大白鲨突击鲸鱼有没有特定的地方
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攻击行为是否有规律
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为什么在有大量海豹的情况下
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还要猎捕鲸鱼
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瑞安先从他对大白鲨的了解着手探讨
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经过1100万年的演化
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大白鲨具备了高速
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敏捷
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与评估的能力
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大多数种类的鲨鱼都是冷血动物
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必须待在温暖的水域
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大白鲨是能提高体温的七种鲨鱼之一
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作为温血动物
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它们在寒冷的水域中具有优势
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所以在非洲南岸
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没有一只海豹是安全的
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对它们来说
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大白鲨几乎是无法战胜的敌人
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那为什么大白鲨会转为猎捕鲸鱼
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在南非海岸附近
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鲨鱼有大量的海豹可以吃
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南非海狗的栖息地沿着海岸线分布
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海豹全身有一半是海兽脂或脂肪
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那就是大白鲨的目标
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大白鲨的肝脏就像巨大的燃料箱
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储存着脂肪中的卡路里
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把庞大的能量储备和温血
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巨齿 流线型身体
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还有鲨鱼的超级感官结合在一起
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就得到了一台进食机器
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跃出水面瞄准海豹展现了这些鲨鱼
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数百万年来的猎捕方式
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它们知道如何猎捕海豹
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所以瑞安想要回答的问题是
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它们为什么要捕食更大
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更危险的动物
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瑞安在南非莫塞尔湾附近的海豹岛
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开始了他的研究
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这里是大白鲨猎捕海豹的热门地点
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而且距离座头鲸遭受攻击的地点
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只有5.6公里
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海豹和座头鲸截然不同
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是什么原因让鲨鱼
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把它们联想在一起
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大白鲨主要以海洋哺乳动物为食
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但它们对食物有多挑剔
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瑞安用两种大小的海豹诱饵进行实验
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鲨鱼会攻击哪一个
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对我来说 这个实验就是了解鲨鱼
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在衡量攻击猎物的利弊时
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做决定的过程
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它会追求巨大的成功
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得到丰厚的报酬 但承担高风险
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还是会做出比较保守的选择
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因为这直接影响了海伦在面对
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比它大九到十倍的鲸鱼时的决策
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它必须评估风险
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考量受伤的可能
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失败的机率
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以及作为掠食者的生命可能就此结束
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鲨鱼表现出的是一种简单的物种偏好
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还是它们的选择有其他的原因
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转弯时尽量靠近 因为这里没有涌浪
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我们直接朝岛屿边缘前进
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很好
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小鲨鱼攻击了小海豹诱饵
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很好 这就是我们要的结果
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第一次跃出水面
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捕食的是小海豹
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好 把诱饵放回去
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天啊
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一只大鲨鱼跃出水面
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巨大无比
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你能相信吗
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它捕食的是小海豹
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这就对了 正如我们预期
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一样是捕食小诱饵
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看 我们把小海豹换到这边来了
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而鲨鱼朝它攻击
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快得出结论了
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每次跃出水面捕食的都是较小的诱饵
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猎捕小海豹的风险很低
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而且几乎百发百中
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鲨鱼做出了明确的选择
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它们有绝佳的辨识能力
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这表示海伦攻击座头鲸的时候
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也具有辨识能力
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在海豹岛 寻找猎物很容易
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但并非所有猎区都一样
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当环境对它们不利时
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大白鲨的适应能力有多强呢
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为了寻找答案
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瑞安从莫塞尔湾转移到海岸线以东
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128.7千米的罗伯格自然保护区
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座头鲸正好在近海迁徙
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而鲨鱼并不关心
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就像在海豹岛 它们追逐小海豹
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但在这里 鲨鱼不能从深海突击
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水太浅 太清澈
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那么它们要如何猎捕海豹
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鲨鱼适应能力极强
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小海豹躲在成年海豹后面
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在海浪中挣扎
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瑞安以前从来没有机会
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像这样观察大白鲨的行动
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在这里是不可能吓到海豹的
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一只鲨鱼在崖壁边巡逻
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光天化日之下攻击猎物
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它在寻找一只落单的小海豹
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但鲨鱼并非这里唯一适应环境的物种
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体型较大的海豹聚集在一起
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进攻是最好的防守
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但成效有限
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猫捉老鼠的游戏开始了
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瑞安·约翰逊正在南非海岸附近的
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罗伯格自然保护区
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鲨鱼正在打猎
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这里的环境对猎物有利
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目前为止 海豹一分
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大白鲨零分
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但大白鲨不会轻易放弃
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而且它们很有耐心
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接着一只小海豹与同伴分开了
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进攻时机到了
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鲨鱼的攻击速度极快
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海豹受到了致命伤害
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瑞安就在鲨鱼旁边
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这只海豹在打瞌睡
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容易受到攻击
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它付出了生命的代价
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不敢相信我刚才看到的景象
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天啊
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谁来拉我们上船
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现在不适合待在水中
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天啊
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我们刚才经历的一切
221
00:20:27,160 --> 00:20:28,160
天啊 巴瑞
222
00:20:31,560 --> 00:20:33,080
活着真好
223
00:20:33,160 --> 00:20:34,480
天啊
224
00:20:34,560 --> 00:20:36,160
真是不得了
225
00:20:37,200 --> 00:20:38,960
我可以告诉你 那真的很厉害
226
00:20:46,160 --> 00:20:48,120
这是一个明确的讯息
227
00:20:48,200 --> 00:20:49,480
尽管困难重重
228
00:20:49,560 --> 00:20:53,360
大白鲨依然能够选择最佳时机下手
229
00:20:54,960 --> 00:20:56,720
这跟海伦攻击座头鲸时
230
00:20:56,800 --> 00:20:58,960
运用的是相同的能力
231
00:20:59,960 --> 00:21:01,760
绝非偶然
232
00:21:04,160 --> 00:21:07,360
那只鲨鱼如何潜行并猎捕成功
233
00:21:08,560 --> 00:21:10,240
前一秒还潜伏在那里
234
00:21:11,440 --> 00:21:12,760
下一秒就在
235
00:21:13,880 --> 00:21:15,560
捕食猎物 猛烈摆动
236
00:21:19,160 --> 00:21:20,320
天啊
237
00:21:21,440 --> 00:21:23,280
你以为自己见识过一切
238
00:21:23,360 --> 00:21:25,480
但除非下水跟捕猎的大白鲨待在一起
239
00:21:25,560 --> 00:21:27,360
否则都不算什么
240
00:21:33,440 --> 00:21:37,960
打猎的大白鲨具备一种巧妙的能力
241
00:21:38,760 --> 00:21:42,480
它们可以察觉到猎物最脆弱的时刻
242
00:21:42,560 --> 00:21:43,760
把握机会下手
243
00:21:44,960 --> 00:21:48,640
海伦在追逐大鲸鱼时运用了它的直觉
244
00:21:49,760 --> 00:21:53,160
而且它有额外的动力去做这件事
245
00:21:54,480 --> 00:21:58,560
冬天小海豹数量丰富 容易捕食
246
00:22:00,360 --> 00:22:03,080
但到了春天 海豹长大之后
247
00:22:03,160 --> 00:22:04,960
它们就变得更难捕捉
248
00:22:06,560 --> 00:22:09,600
所以鲨鱼必须调整饮食
249
00:22:17,760 --> 00:22:20,120
为了以海兽脂饱餐一顿
250
00:22:20,200 --> 00:22:21,960
大白鲨愿意冒什么样的风险
251
00:22:25,800 --> 00:22:27,400
攻击鲸鱼吗
252
00:22:32,160 --> 00:22:33,280
有可能
253
00:22:36,760 --> 00:22:38,720
超过三万只座头鲸
254
00:22:38,800 --> 00:22:42,360
在南非海岸的鲨鱼水域迁徙
255
00:22:43,760 --> 00:22:45,360
它们要去莫桑比克海峡
256
00:22:47,360 --> 00:22:50,800
座头鲸的体型在鲸鱼当中排名第五
257
00:22:53,760 --> 00:22:55,480
它们能长到18米多
258
00:22:55,560 --> 00:22:57,960
重达40吨 相当惊人
259
00:22:59,760 --> 00:23:03,280
比世界上最大的大白鲨长3倍
260
00:23:03,360 --> 00:23:05,360
重30倍
261
00:23:09,960 --> 00:23:12,120
鲸鱼体型庞大 力大无穷
262
00:23:12,200 --> 00:23:15,160
足以伤害或杀死一只健康的大白鲨
263
00:23:18,360 --> 00:23:21,280
但满满的鲸脂可能太诱人了
264
00:23:21,360 --> 00:23:22,560
让鲨鱼不忍错过
265
00:23:43,560 --> 00:23:46,360
现在南半球正是隆冬时节
266
00:23:49,440 --> 00:23:52,080
这片湛蓝的荒野大海有许多生物
267
00:23:52,160 --> 00:23:53,560
都在活动
268
00:23:57,960 --> 00:24:00,360
瑞安必须把这一切记录下来
269
00:24:04,560 --> 00:24:07,000
他在观察大白鲨的行动
270
00:24:10,960 --> 00:24:12,520
当鲸鱼向北迁徙时
271
00:24:12,600 --> 00:24:13,640
大白鲨会跟着它们吗
272
00:24:15,960 --> 00:24:18,560
海伦曾经展开这样的旅程
273
00:24:19,920 --> 00:24:20,800
南非
274
00:24:20,880 --> 00:24:22,480
2016年冬天
275
00:24:22,560 --> 00:24:25,160
它被追踪到一路前往莫桑比克海峡
276
00:24:25,960 --> 00:24:30,960
那是座头鲸每年繁衍下一代的地方
277
00:24:33,960 --> 00:24:35,960
海伦在等它们吗
278
00:24:37,960 --> 00:24:40,320
瑞安努力寻找大白鲨和座头鲸
279
00:24:40,400 --> 00:24:42,320
互动的证据
280
00:24:43,760 --> 00:24:48,160
海伦攻击座头鲸绝非偶然
281
00:24:56,760 --> 00:24:58,280
每年这个时候
282
00:24:58,360 --> 00:25:01,200
海洋物种都会聚集在一起
283
00:25:05,560 --> 00:25:09,160
一大群沙丁鱼朝同一个方向游去
284
00:25:24,240 --> 00:25:27,360
这是海洋中最大型的进食活动之一
285
00:25:29,960 --> 00:25:32,520
吸引了各种掠食者前来一饱口福
286
00:25:35,160 --> 00:25:38,520
包括海豚 鲣鸟 海豹
287
00:25:38,600 --> 00:25:41,960
数千只鲨鱼和数百只鲸鱼
288
00:25:47,600 --> 00:25:50,600
瑞安寻找身上有咬痕或伤口的鲸鱼
289
00:25:52,560 --> 00:25:54,760
这是被鲨鱼攻击过的有力证据
290
00:25:59,560 --> 00:26:03,200
这些是布氏鲸 它们是来觅食的
291
00:26:15,360 --> 00:26:19,160
但座头鲸没有加入 只是继续前进
292
00:26:21,040 --> 00:26:23,160
它们经过的时候会不会被突击呢
293
00:26:26,160 --> 00:26:27,640
发现疤痕或伤口
294
00:26:27,720 --> 00:26:29,600
可能表示答案是肯定的
295
00:26:30,560 --> 00:26:33,320
我们遇到了第一只正在休息的座头鲸
296
00:26:33,960 --> 00:26:35,760
这是个好机会
297
00:26:35,840 --> 00:26:37,360
下水寻找这些座头鲸
298
00:26:37,440 --> 00:26:38,960
被鲨鱼咬伤或弄伤的地方
299
00:26:39,800 --> 00:26:41,720
有一只鲨鱼跳了起来 看到了吗
300
00:26:41,800 --> 00:26:44,000
有一只鲨鱼跳了起来 很好
301
00:26:46,760 --> 00:26:49,320
我希望在它身上找到一些伤疤
302
00:26:49,400 --> 00:26:51,160
一些鲨鱼咬伤的证据
303
00:26:51,760 --> 00:26:53,080
这样我们就知道
304
00:26:53,160 --> 00:26:56,200
这可能是比最初预期更常见的行为
305
00:26:57,360 --> 00:26:58,760
天啊 你看看 好
306
00:27:12,560 --> 00:27:14,640
鲸鱼摆动胸鳍
307
00:27:14,720 --> 00:27:19,560
拍打水面向附近的其他鲸鱼发出信号
308
00:27:22,760 --> 00:27:24,880
瑞安必须谨慎行动
309
00:27:40,560 --> 00:27:42,360
他没有看到任何咬痕
310
00:27:45,360 --> 00:27:47,560
但他曾经看过一只亚成体鲸鱼
311
00:27:48,240 --> 00:27:49,760
被一群鲨鱼
312
00:27:52,160 --> 00:27:55,160
严重咬伤的画面
313
00:28:09,120 --> 00:28:10,640
这只年轻的座头鲸
314
00:28:10,720 --> 00:28:12,960
是鲨鱼攻击的受害者
315
00:28:13,800 --> 00:28:15,320
这段罕见的画面显示出
316
00:28:15,400 --> 00:28:20,040
鲨鱼试图咬破皮下鲸脂所造成的伤口
317
00:28:23,400 --> 00:28:26,120
但咬痕太小 不像是大白鲨造成的
318
00:28:28,800 --> 00:28:30,560
而且有这么多咬痕
319
00:28:30,640 --> 00:28:33,000
想必是一群鲨鱼所为
320
00:28:34,800 --> 00:28:37,520
有可能是追着沙丁鱼而来的灰真鲨
321
00:28:42,000 --> 00:28:44,400
灰真鲨不会单独行动
322
00:28:46,800 --> 00:28:49,480
一群灰真鲨能杀死一只鲸鱼吗
323
00:28:57,200 --> 00:29:00,120
这个证据表明它们尝试过
324
00:29:05,200 --> 00:29:08,360
但这只幼鲸不知何故逃过一劫
325
00:29:08,440 --> 00:29:09,800
并继续前进
326
00:29:22,440 --> 00:29:25,800
迁徙的座头鲸现在只有一个目标
327
00:29:27,240 --> 00:29:29,600
安全的藏身之处 莫桑比克海峡
328
00:29:32,440 --> 00:29:34,600
这里是鲸鱼繁殖的天堂
329
00:29:35,480 --> 00:29:39,000
远离大白鲨平时的猎区
330
00:29:39,080 --> 00:29:40,440
南非
331
00:29:41,400 --> 00:29:44,520
脆弱的幼鲸可以进食 成长
332
00:29:44,600 --> 00:29:46,040
让身体变强壮
333
00:29:46,120 --> 00:29:48,600
莫桑比克
334
00:29:51,000 --> 00:29:55,000
成年鲸鱼游了6437公里到达安全地带
335
00:29:56,200 --> 00:29:58,920
温暖的海水和极少的掠食者
336
00:29:59,000 --> 00:30:02,400
给了它们最好的生存机会
337
00:30:09,000 --> 00:30:11,000
这是一个神奇的时刻
338
00:30:12,600 --> 00:30:15,360
鲸鱼要花上四个月的时间进行交配
339
00:30:15,440 --> 00:30:17,400
繁殖并哺育幼鲸
340
00:30:42,080 --> 00:30:46,200
这是它们建立感情和互动的时间
341
00:30:52,640 --> 00:30:54,760
但这些成年鲸鱼从几个月前
342
00:30:54,840 --> 00:30:57,280
离开南极海域后就没有吃过东西
343
00:31:00,000 --> 00:31:02,800
它们的体力一天比一天弱
344
00:31:05,000 --> 00:31:07,560
而所有成年鲸鱼和幼鲸
345
00:31:07,640 --> 00:31:09,320
必须游6437公里
346
00:31:09,400 --> 00:31:13,800
回南极海域觅食的时候到了
347
00:31:17,400 --> 00:31:19,520
在莫桑比克海峡待了四个月后
348
00:31:19,600 --> 00:31:21,520
它们开始回归迁徙
349
00:31:21,600 --> 00:31:23,360
这时候就变得非常有趣了
350
00:31:23,440 --> 00:31:25,920
因为这个阶段的鲸鱼非常虚弱
351
00:31:26,000 --> 00:31:29,880
它们没有进食 已经饿了四五个月
352
00:31:29,960 --> 00:31:31,760
而当它们潜入水中时
353
00:31:31,840 --> 00:31:34,600
我认为它们是最容易
354
00:31:34,680 --> 00:31:36,400
被鲨鱼攻击的动物
355
00:31:42,640 --> 00:31:44,200
现在春天到了
356
00:31:47,400 --> 00:31:50,440
座头鲸展开向南迁徙的旅程
357
00:31:50,520 --> 00:31:51,800
返回南极海域
358
00:31:59,280 --> 00:32:01,400
所有条件都对它们不利
359
00:32:08,200 --> 00:32:11,040
新手妈妈必须动用珍贵的能量储备
360
00:32:11,120 --> 00:32:14,000
每天产出45千克的奶水
361
00:32:16,000 --> 00:32:16,880
看看这个景象
362
00:32:16,960 --> 00:32:18,720
你可以看到这些鲸鱼
363
00:32:18,800 --> 00:32:22,880
想游回南极海域的决心
364
00:32:22,960 --> 00:32:23,960
过去三四个月
365
00:32:24,040 --> 00:32:26,560
它都在莫桑比克海峡哺育幼鲸
366
00:32:26,640 --> 00:32:27,840
增加幼鲸的鲸脂层
367
00:32:27,920 --> 00:32:30,360
为它在南极冰冷海水中生存做好准备
368
00:32:30,440 --> 00:32:32,320
现在它有一个任务
369
00:32:32,400 --> 00:32:34,520
那就是下潜经过南非
370
00:32:34,880 --> 00:32:36,720
穿越南极海域 回去觅食
371
00:32:38,880 --> 00:32:40,520
你看这段海岸线
372
00:32:40,600 --> 00:32:42,960
具有原始风貌 美不胜收
373
00:32:43,040 --> 00:32:47,800
但却隐藏着这些鲸鱼所面临的危险
374
00:32:47,880 --> 00:32:50,760
这里有航道 渔网 长线
375
00:32:50,840 --> 00:32:53,000
还有鲨鱼形成的保护网
376
00:32:53,480 --> 00:32:55,960
当它们被缠上 力量被削弱
377
00:32:56,040 --> 00:32:58,120
跟同伴分开来的时候
378
00:32:58,200 --> 00:33:01,000
就变得很容易受到鲨鱼攻击
379
00:33:05,600 --> 00:33:09,160
海伦攻击座头鲸的事件发生在夏末
380
00:33:09,240 --> 00:33:11,760
也就是鲸鱼返回南极海域的时候
381
00:33:14,440 --> 00:33:18,200
它攻击的鲸鱼被沉重的钓鱼线缠住
382
00:33:19,200 --> 00:33:21,320
而且没有同伴
383
00:33:24,400 --> 00:33:27,320
座头鲸有亲密的家庭关系
384
00:33:27,400 --> 00:33:29,800
但群体的安全放在第一位
385
00:33:32,600 --> 00:33:35,200
掉队的鲸鱼就被遗落在后面
386
00:33:37,480 --> 00:33:38,520
南非 莫塞尔湾
387
00:33:38,600 --> 00:33:42,400
这只座头鲸离南极海域还有3219公里
388
00:33:43,600 --> 00:33:45,960
它很脆弱 容易遭受攻击
389
00:33:47,560 --> 00:33:51,080
这正是大白鲨所寻找的猎物
390
00:33:52,200 --> 00:33:53,360
最糟糕的是
391
00:33:53,440 --> 00:33:56,400
它独自待在大白鲨的领地里
392
00:34:05,720 --> 00:34:08,240
返回南极海域的艰辛路程
393
00:34:08,320 --> 00:34:09,800
对鲸鱼来说可能是致命的
394
00:34:15,600 --> 00:34:18,480
有些鲸鱼年纪太大 身体太虚弱
395
00:34:18,560 --> 00:34:21,040
或者只是运气不好
396
00:34:22,920 --> 00:34:24,480
当鲸鱼死亡时
397
00:34:24,560 --> 00:34:26,600
就是鲨鱼饱餐一顿的时候了
398
00:34:48,720 --> 00:34:50,320
它们没有杀死鲸鱼
399
00:34:51,920 --> 00:34:53,840
但那无关紧要
400
00:35:01,880 --> 00:35:04,000
鲸脂是纯脂肪
401
00:35:08,120 --> 00:35:10,640
鲨鱼把脂肪转化为能量
402
00:35:10,720 --> 00:35:12,760
储存在它们巨大的肝脏中
403
00:35:16,520 --> 00:35:19,360
它们必须杀死两百只海豹
404
00:35:19,440 --> 00:35:21,320
才能获得同样的能量
405
00:35:47,320 --> 00:35:49,680
当然 鲨鱼捕食死去的鲸鱼
406
00:35:49,760 --> 00:35:51,320
在科学界并不新奇
407
00:35:54,720 --> 00:35:58,600
但大白鲨攻击活鲸却是新鲜事
408
00:36:07,320 --> 00:36:10,920
为了吃鲸鱼 鲨鱼会采取什么行动呢
409
00:36:14,520 --> 00:36:16,680
如果遇到适当的机会
410
00:36:16,760 --> 00:36:18,920
它们会捕杀鲸鱼吗
411
00:36:20,320 --> 00:36:25,680
捕杀活鲸与掠食鲸鱼尸体截然不同
412
00:36:26,800 --> 00:36:30,680
让我印象深刻的是
413
00:36:30,760 --> 00:36:34,040
海伦在进行这次攻击时
414
00:36:34,120 --> 00:36:35,720
展现出的耐心和策略
415
00:36:36,400 --> 00:36:37,640
它不是要觅食
416
00:36:37,720 --> 00:36:38,880
而是想让鲸鱼变得虚弱
417
00:36:38,960 --> 00:36:40,480
它试图放慢速度
418
00:36:40,560 --> 00:36:43,120
慢慢征服这只鲸鱼
419
00:36:44,120 --> 00:36:46,840
甚至还没考虑吃它
420
00:36:50,520 --> 00:36:51,480
为了做到这一点
421
00:36:51,560 --> 00:36:54,120
海伦首先攻击鲸鱼的尾巴
422
00:37:11,920 --> 00:37:13,680
被冲上岸的尸体显示出
423
00:37:13,760 --> 00:37:17,920
鲨鱼要战胜鲸鱼有多么困难
424
00:37:19,560 --> 00:37:23,640
这条尾巴是座头鲸的主要动力之一
425
00:37:23,720 --> 00:37:27,480
可以把一只40吨重的鲸鱼
426
00:37:27,560 --> 00:37:29,640
推向距离海面18米的高空中
427
00:37:29,720 --> 00:37:32,480
所以即使是最大最强壮的大白鲨
428
00:37:32,560 --> 00:37:34,480
如果被鲸鱼的尾巴撞到
429
00:37:34,560 --> 00:37:35,600
就是死路一条了
430
00:37:37,720 --> 00:37:40,120
显然在虚弱的鲸鱼身上
431
00:37:40,200 --> 00:37:41,800
大白鲨首先瞄准的地方
432
00:37:41,880 --> 00:37:44,280
就是尾巴这里的龙骨
433
00:37:44,360 --> 00:37:45,480
这个想法是
434
00:37:45,560 --> 00:37:47,880
如果我从这里切开 我们会看到
435
00:37:47,960 --> 00:37:52,440
这里的大静脉为肌肉提供能量
436
00:37:52,520 --> 00:37:54,520
当大白鲨瞄准这片区域时
437
00:37:54,720 --> 00:37:57,760
它能做的就是咬开一条静脉
438
00:37:58,880 --> 00:38:00,240
让鲸鱼流血
439
00:38:00,320 --> 00:38:02,840
等它变得非常虚弱 接近死亡时
440
00:38:02,920 --> 00:38:04,840
再瞄准它 把它杀死
441
00:38:06,800 --> 00:38:09,720
这正是海伦的作法
442
00:38:24,920 --> 00:38:30,120
它不断咬鲸鱼的尾巴
443
00:38:40,480 --> 00:38:44,120
最后血开始流出来
444
00:38:52,120 --> 00:38:53,320
接着
445
00:38:54,320 --> 00:38:56,200
随着鲸鱼变得越来越虚弱
446
00:38:56,920 --> 00:39:02,120
海伦做了没有人见过鲨鱼做的事情
447
00:39:06,640 --> 00:39:08,760
在鲨鱼科学史上第一次
448
00:39:08,840 --> 00:39:11,080
瑞安目睹了一只大白鲨
449
00:39:11,160 --> 00:39:12,960
杀死一只座头鲸
450
00:39:18,360 --> 00:39:22,880
鲸鱼被钓鱼线缠住 虚弱而且落单
451
00:39:24,840 --> 00:39:28,840
大白鲨是评估猎物脆弱程度的专家
452
00:39:32,000 --> 00:39:36,040
小座头鲸被鲸群遗留在后面
453
00:39:43,240 --> 00:39:45,040
无处可逃
454
00:39:46,440 --> 00:39:49,560
海伦知道吗 很有可能
455
00:39:49,640 --> 00:39:50,600
这就引出了一个问题
456
00:39:50,680 --> 00:39:53,400
如果这条鲸鱼正处于最强壮的时刻
457
00:39:53,480 --> 00:39:55,000
大白鲨会考虑攻击它吗
458
00:39:55,080 --> 00:39:56,560
我想可能不会
459
00:39:58,440 --> 00:40:03,040
海伦运用了大白鲨猎捕海豹的策略
460
00:40:07,640 --> 00:40:09,600
它谨慎而有耐心
461
00:40:09,680 --> 00:40:13,040
评估鲸鱼的力量和抵抗的能力
462
00:40:19,040 --> 00:40:22,040
鲸鱼失血过多 生命逐渐流逝
463
00:40:26,840 --> 00:40:29,040
海伦耐心地等待
464
00:40:33,040 --> 00:40:35,640
这是大白鲨典型的打猎行为
465
00:40:36,640 --> 00:40:38,440
但也能运用在鲸鱼身上
466
00:40:40,840 --> 00:40:44,040
海伦一直等到鲸鱼最脆弱的时候
467
00:40:46,040 --> 00:40:49,440
等那一刻到来时 它自然能够判断
468
00:40:54,040 --> 00:40:56,200
接着它改变了整个策略
469
00:40:56,280 --> 00:40:57,800
开始把注意力集中在头部
470
00:40:58,640 --> 00:41:01,360
就像这条鲨鱼所做的 它咬住这里
471
00:41:01,440 --> 00:41:02,960
把身体所有重量压在上面
472
00:41:03,040 --> 00:41:04,960
把鲸鱼的头往下压
473
00:41:08,360 --> 00:41:13,360
它用身体的重量把鲸鱼的头推到水下
474
00:41:20,640 --> 00:41:23,120
它的目的是把鲸鱼淹死
475
00:41:37,640 --> 00:41:39,840
大白鲨的作法有条不紊
476
00:41:40,400 --> 00:41:42,640
它知道该怎么做
477
00:41:55,440 --> 00:41:59,360
攻击这只鲸鱼的鲨鱼海伦
478
00:41:59,440 --> 00:42:01,160
可能已经学会了这种行为
479
00:42:01,240 --> 00:42:03,160
而且独一无二
480
00:42:03,240 --> 00:42:04,600
但另一方面
481
00:42:04,680 --> 00:42:07,160
这也可能是一种常见的行为
482
00:42:07,240 --> 00:42:08,600
但由于某种原因
483
00:42:08,680 --> 00:42:11,840
世界各地的科学家以前都没有观察到
484
00:42:12,440 --> 00:42:15,560
当瑞安把这段视频证据
485
00:42:15,640 --> 00:42:18,600
跟海伦有计划的攻击画面整理后
486
00:42:18,680 --> 00:42:21,880
他得出了一个结论
487
00:42:22,840 --> 00:42:25,360
大白鲨猎捕鲸鱼的次数
488
00:42:25,440 --> 00:42:27,360
比我们想象的还多
489
00:42:45,040 --> 00:42:47,600
经过50分钟耐心的等待
490
00:42:47,680 --> 00:42:49,360
和坚持不懈的努力
491
00:42:49,440 --> 00:42:51,960
鲸鱼吸入最后一口气
492
00:42:52,040 --> 00:42:54,440
海伦成功把它淹死了
493
00:43:16,400 --> 00:43:18,160
透过拍摄和实际记录
494
00:43:18,240 --> 00:43:21,360
可以得到确切的证据
495
00:43:21,440 --> 00:43:25,360
证明大白鲨会猎捕鲸鱼
496
00:43:25,440 --> 00:43:27,360
这在科学界是全新的发现
497
00:43:27,440 --> 00:43:29,960
这是前所未见 不曾记载的事实
498
00:43:30,520 --> 00:43:33,640
为研究开辟了一条全新的道路
499
00:43:36,040 --> 00:43:40,920
大白鲨海伦发现了
猎物的弱点和自己的机会
500
00:43:42,440 --> 00:43:47,200
它计算了风险 成功地猎捕一只鲸鱼
501
00:43:47,280 --> 00:43:48,840
而非海豹
502
00:43:48,920 --> 00:43:50,520
并吃掉了它的战利品
503
00:43:52,640 --> 00:43:55,000
大白鲨是地球上最致命
504
00:43:55,080 --> 00:43:57,960
攻击最有效的顶级掠食者之一
505
00:43:59,240 --> 00:44:02,200
而海伦可能不是这片海岸上
506
00:44:02,280 --> 00:44:03,400
唯一的捕鲸者