1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 3 00:00:09,618 --> 00:00:11,315 CREWMAN: I don't know if you know this, 4 00:00:11,446 --> 00:00:13,491 but there's some water if you need it at any point, okay? 5 00:00:13,622 --> 00:00:15,058 So both cameras are rolling. We'll just slate it here. 6 00:00:15,189 --> 00:00:17,234 - Is that a good spot, Robert? - ROBERT: Yep. 7 00:00:17,365 --> 00:00:18,844 Here we go. 8 00:00:22,631 --> 00:00:24,328 - All right. - CREWMAN: Okay, we're rolling. 9 00:00:24,459 --> 00:00:27,201 SMICK: Okay, we're at a moment of crisis in this country. 10 00:00:27,331 --> 00:00:29,551 But even before the coronavirus appeared, 11 00:00:29,681 --> 00:00:31,988 America was suffering from another epidemic-- 12 00:00:32,119 --> 00:00:34,773 an ongoing epidemic of hate. 13 00:00:34,904 --> 00:00:36,688 Will the bitterness, acrimony, and division 14 00:00:36,819 --> 00:00:39,474 prevent us from ever coming together to solve our problems? 15 00:00:39,604 --> 00:00:42,042 Why is there this rise in hate? 16 00:00:42,172 --> 00:00:44,827 [ dramatic music ] 17 00:00:45,001 --> 00:00:46,394 ♪ 18 00:00:46,481 --> 00:00:48,309 NIALL: Something's gone very wrong 19 00:00:48,396 --> 00:00:50,615 in the fabric of American society, 20 00:00:50,746 --> 00:00:52,878 which leaves people vulnerable 21 00:00:53,009 --> 00:00:56,578 to the appeal of the political hate industry. 22 00:00:56,708 --> 00:00:58,754 [ dramatic music ] 23 00:00:58,884 --> 00:01:01,496 We are living in James Madison's nightmare. 24 00:01:01,670 --> 00:01:04,020 ♪ 25 00:01:04,107 --> 00:01:05,978 We live in a zero-sum world. 26 00:01:06,109 --> 00:01:08,111 We are absolutely convinced 27 00:01:08,242 --> 00:01:10,113 that for one side to get ahead, 28 00:01:10,244 --> 00:01:12,420 the other side has got to lose. 29 00:01:15,292 --> 00:01:17,033 We know what happens with empires 30 00:01:17,164 --> 00:01:19,514 when they lose sight of the values 31 00:01:19,601 --> 00:01:21,429 that made them great. 32 00:01:21,516 --> 00:01:24,519 SMICK: Historians suggest empires last, on average, 33 00:01:24,649 --> 00:01:27,087 only about 250 years. 34 00:01:27,217 --> 00:01:29,263 How old is America? 35 00:01:29,350 --> 00:01:31,700 250 years old. 36 00:01:31,830 --> 00:01:33,832 HOST: The statement, which was how horrible it is, 37 00:01:33,963 --> 00:01:35,443 - is talking about-- - WHOOPI: No, no, that's what you-- 38 00:01:35,573 --> 00:01:37,662 I'm sorry, that's what you said. 39 00:01:37,793 --> 00:01:39,403 - But you know what's horrible- - WHOOPI: You said 40 00:01:39,534 --> 00:01:41,318 - that it was--it's okay. - When people who shouldn't be here 41 00:01:41,449 --> 00:01:43,755 end up murdering the children of American citizens. 42 00:01:43,886 --> 00:01:45,757 - You know what's horrible? - NIALL: Five days a week, 43 00:01:45,888 --> 00:01:49,413 I am confident that the U.S. Constitution 44 00:01:49,544 --> 00:01:51,763 will withstand whatever is thrown at it. 45 00:01:51,894 --> 00:01:53,896 ROSEANNE: [ screaming ] God damn it! 46 00:01:54,026 --> 00:01:56,812 I thought the bitch was white! 47 00:01:56,942 --> 00:01:59,858 Two days a week, I wonder if it must have been like this 48 00:01:59,989 --> 00:02:03,297 in the later stages of the Roman Republic. 49 00:02:03,427 --> 00:02:05,342 - Is Hamas-- - Sir, you invited me on here-- 50 00:02:05,473 --> 00:02:07,866 Do something about your dad's immigration practices, 51 00:02:07,953 --> 00:02:09,346 you feckless [ bleep ]. 52 00:02:09,477 --> 00:02:12,219 Is that a patriot or a wannabe dictator's butt boy? 53 00:02:12,349 --> 00:02:15,657 If you're a baby mama, you just might be a redneck. 54 00:02:15,744 --> 00:02:17,659 When John Boehner played golf with President Obama-- 55 00:02:17,789 --> 00:02:20,140 It'd be like Hitler playing golf with Netanyahu. 56 00:02:20,227 --> 00:02:21,489 They're the enemy. 57 00:02:21,619 --> 00:02:24,231 - HOST: Who's the enemy? - Obama and Biden! 58 00:02:24,361 --> 00:02:25,797 HANK JR: Are you kidding? The three stooges! 59 00:02:25,928 --> 00:02:27,538 AMY: I think you'd have to be 60 00:02:27,669 --> 00:02:29,714 crazy or a hermit 61 00:02:29,845 --> 00:02:31,629 not to be worried about the country at this point. 62 00:02:31,760 --> 00:02:34,023 - [ bleep ]! - LEON: We're living at a time 63 00:02:34,154 --> 00:02:36,634 when the institutions created by our forefathers 64 00:02:36,765 --> 00:02:38,027 are being tested. 65 00:02:41,857 --> 00:02:43,511 If a tree falls in the woods, 66 00:02:43,641 --> 00:02:46,296 how do we get Kellyanne under that tree? 67 00:02:46,427 --> 00:02:48,516 America's like a dysfunctional couple 68 00:02:48,646 --> 00:02:49,865 on the way to divorce court. 69 00:02:49,995 --> 00:02:51,301 Say something funny and I'll laugh. 70 00:02:51,432 --> 00:02:52,215 Okay, how's this? Knock, knock. 71 00:02:52,346 --> 00:02:53,521 - Who's there? 72 00:02:53,651 --> 00:02:55,000 - I'm miserable every waking second. 73 00:02:55,131 --> 00:02:56,698 [ forced laughter ] 74 00:02:56,785 --> 00:02:59,135 - Hilarious! 75 00:03:00,919 --> 00:03:02,747 - Nobody's making progress, 76 00:03:02,878 --> 00:03:04,793 because everybody's on opposite ends of the spectrum. 77 00:03:04,880 --> 00:03:06,838 I will not yield to the gentleman, 78 00:03:06,969 --> 00:03:08,797 and the gentleman will observe regular order! 79 00:03:08,927 --> 00:03:10,320 This is a political food fight. 80 00:03:10,451 --> 00:03:13,323 Food fight! 81 00:03:13,454 --> 00:03:15,717 I don't want to name any names, 82 00:03:15,804 --> 00:03:18,459 but leadership of both of our major political parties 83 00:03:18,589 --> 00:03:20,243 contains a lot of old people, 84 00:03:20,374 --> 00:03:22,593 and before people reach the stage of dementia, 85 00:03:22,724 --> 00:03:25,640 they often turn nasty. 86 00:03:25,770 --> 00:03:27,032 We've always had partisanship. 87 00:03:27,163 --> 00:03:28,599 We've never had this level of dysfunction 88 00:03:28,730 --> 00:03:31,385 because of partisanship. 89 00:03:31,515 --> 00:03:33,865 FRANCIS: We do face this real danger 90 00:03:33,996 --> 00:03:35,650 of a center falling apart in the country 91 00:03:35,780 --> 00:03:39,044 being guided by the extremists on both sides. 92 00:03:40,481 --> 00:03:42,309 SMICK: We are right at the edge 93 00:03:42,439 --> 00:03:45,573 where we have so many things going for us as a country. 94 00:03:45,703 --> 00:03:49,577 The one thing that could take us down is politics. 95 00:03:50,491 --> 00:03:54,059 Politics isn't broken. It's fixed. 96 00:03:54,973 --> 00:03:56,758 When we look under the hood of the political system, 97 00:03:56,845 --> 00:04:00,544 what we find is so corrupt and so rigged, 98 00:04:00,675 --> 00:04:02,024 that the American political system 99 00:04:02,154 --> 00:04:05,288 is flirting with a crack-up. 100 00:04:05,419 --> 00:04:08,900 SMICK: A lot of people are making big money sowing division. 101 00:04:08,987 --> 00:04:10,946 ARTHUR: Powerful people are getting rich and famous 102 00:04:11,076 --> 00:04:13,165 and building their careers by making us hate each other. 103 00:04:13,296 --> 00:04:15,167 SMICK: If you look at the flash points in America, 104 00:04:15,298 --> 00:04:17,213 whether it's terrorism 105 00:04:17,344 --> 00:04:20,564 or dealing with rogue states like North Korea, Iran, 106 00:04:20,695 --> 00:04:24,220 whether it's dealing with Russia and China, cyber... 107 00:04:24,351 --> 00:04:27,745 NIALL: Plus climate change, alarmingly high debt, 108 00:04:27,876 --> 00:04:31,183 the worst drugs crisis in American history. 109 00:04:31,314 --> 00:04:34,622 LEON: All of those ingredients are churning out there, 110 00:04:34,752 --> 00:04:36,580 and the country is divided. 111 00:04:36,711 --> 00:04:38,495 [ gunshots ] 112 00:04:38,626 --> 00:04:40,628 NEWSCASTER: Six people injured, 113 00:04:40,715 --> 00:04:43,239 including Congressman Steve Scalise, now in critical condition. 114 00:04:44,196 --> 00:04:47,939 When you look at the threats to America, they're terrifying. 115 00:04:48,070 --> 00:04:50,942 What if we faced a challenge even worse than COVID-19? 116 00:04:51,073 --> 00:04:53,989 Our enemies now know how to penetrate our defenses. 117 00:04:54,119 --> 00:04:56,687 Biological warfare, not missiles and tanks, 118 00:04:56,818 --> 00:04:59,690 can kill our people and ruin our economy. 119 00:04:59,821 --> 00:05:03,041 Cyberwarfare can destroy our democracy. 120 00:05:03,172 --> 00:05:06,393 Can we come together and protect ourselves... 121 00:05:06,480 --> 00:05:08,482 or are we divided forever? 122 00:05:10,135 --> 00:05:14,531 [ "If You Are But a Dream" begins ] 123 00:05:14,662 --> 00:05:16,620 TECHNICAL ENGINEER: Sinatra recording, take three. 124 00:05:16,794 --> 00:05:21,886 SINATRA: ♪ If you are but a dream ♪ 125 00:05:22,060 --> 00:05:26,935 ♪ I hope I never awaken ♪ 126 00:05:27,109 --> 00:05:29,590 ♪ 127 00:05:29,764 --> 00:05:34,551 ♪ It's more than I could bear ♪ 128 00:05:34,725 --> 00:05:38,599 ♪ To find that I'm forsaken ♪ 129 00:05:38,773 --> 00:05:40,818 ♪ 130 00:05:40,905 --> 00:05:44,344 ♪ If our romance ♪ 131 00:05:44,518 --> 00:05:47,347 ♪ Should break up ♪ 132 00:05:47,521 --> 00:05:52,613 ♪ I hope I never wake up ♪ 133 00:05:52,787 --> 00:05:54,223 ♪ 134 00:05:54,397 --> 00:05:56,878 ♪ If you ♪ 135 00:05:56,965 --> 00:06:01,317 ♪ Are but ♪ 136 00:06:01,491 --> 00:06:05,321 ♪ A dream ♪ 137 00:06:05,495 --> 00:06:08,368 ♪ 138 00:06:11,283 --> 00:06:13,895 [ kids shouting ] 139 00:06:16,637 --> 00:06:18,290 Hold on, hold on. Who started this battle? 140 00:06:18,421 --> 00:06:19,683 Somebody in for a lickin'? 141 00:06:19,814 --> 00:06:21,511 You bet! We're gonna smear him! 142 00:06:21,642 --> 00:06:23,078 - [ overlapping shouting ] - Hold on! 143 00:06:23,208 --> 00:06:25,820 - What's it all about? - BOY: None of your business! 144 00:06:25,950 --> 00:06:28,605 - Scared to tell me? - No, I'm not a-scared. 145 00:06:28,692 --> 00:06:30,607 - I'll fight you, even! - [ chuckles ] 146 00:06:30,738 --> 00:06:33,436 - Not if I can help it. - We don't like his religion. 147 00:06:33,523 --> 00:06:35,699 - His religion? - BOY: Look, mister. 148 00:06:35,830 --> 00:06:37,788 - He's a dirty-- - Now, hold on! 149 00:06:37,919 --> 00:06:40,487 Do you know what this wonderful country is made of? 150 00:06:40,574 --> 00:06:43,707 It's made up of a hundred different kind of people 151 00:06:43,838 --> 00:06:45,840 and a hundred different ways of talking 152 00:06:45,970 --> 00:06:48,320 and a hundred different ways of goin' to church. 153 00:06:48,451 --> 00:06:50,888 But they're all American ways. 154 00:06:51,019 --> 00:06:53,804 Close your eyes and let me tell you about it. 155 00:06:53,935 --> 00:06:56,720 [ lightly edgy music ] 156 00:06:56,807 --> 00:06:59,680 ♪ 157 00:07:01,986 --> 00:07:04,685 DAVID: I was in Munich, in Germany, 158 00:07:04,772 --> 00:07:07,078 talking about international security... 159 00:07:10,430 --> 00:07:11,996 And I looked around, and I thought, 160 00:07:12,127 --> 00:07:16,523 you know, bad things can happen to good countries. 161 00:07:20,222 --> 00:07:22,398 A terrible thing happened in Germany, 162 00:07:22,529 --> 00:07:25,314 a Germany that was becoming modern 163 00:07:25,445 --> 00:07:28,099 and that was increasingly dominant in the world 164 00:07:28,230 --> 00:07:31,451 in the 1920s. 165 00:07:31,581 --> 00:07:33,453 It encountered a populous movement... 166 00:07:35,106 --> 00:07:38,327 That tapped a deep anger, resentment 167 00:07:38,458 --> 00:07:40,547 in the German population. 168 00:07:40,677 --> 00:07:42,462 [ dramatic music ] 169 00:07:42,592 --> 00:07:45,334 It's very easy for our passions, 170 00:07:45,421 --> 00:07:48,729 our resentments to become inflamed by politicians. 171 00:07:48,859 --> 00:07:50,774 And when that happens, 172 00:07:50,905 --> 00:07:54,125 even the best countries aren't immune. 173 00:07:59,522 --> 00:08:01,698 SMICK: Those of us who are of a certain age, 174 00:08:01,829 --> 00:08:04,527 we worry about our children and grandchildren 175 00:08:04,658 --> 00:08:06,007 and what kind of world we're going to leave them. 176 00:08:06,094 --> 00:08:09,097 I'm frankly worried about the slime pit of partisanship 177 00:08:09,184 --> 00:08:12,013 that's keeping Washington from getting anything done. 178 00:08:12,143 --> 00:08:13,710 And most of all, 179 00:08:13,797 --> 00:08:16,931 I'm worried about our country gorging on hate. 180 00:08:17,061 --> 00:08:20,412 [ lightly edgy music ] 181 00:08:20,543 --> 00:08:22,502 They brought the world economy and financial system 182 00:08:22,632 --> 00:08:24,329 back from the brink, 183 00:08:24,460 --> 00:08:26,636 but they haven't dealt with the fundamental problem 184 00:08:26,723 --> 00:08:29,770 that got us into this difficulty in the first place. 185 00:08:29,900 --> 00:08:31,206 NEWSCASTER: That's very interesting. 186 00:08:31,336 --> 00:08:32,729 You could move the market 187 00:08:32,860 --> 00:08:33,774 - with a statement like that. - SMICK: Well... 188 00:08:33,904 --> 00:08:36,646 [ lightly edgy music ] 189 00:08:36,820 --> 00:08:39,736 ♪ 190 00:08:44,262 --> 00:08:47,265 NEWSCASTER: David Smick was in the room in the 1980s 191 00:08:47,352 --> 00:08:50,573 when tax reform was being hammered out. 192 00:08:50,660 --> 00:08:53,533 ♪ 193 00:08:57,711 --> 00:09:00,452 I think America's going through an identity crisis. 194 00:09:00,540 --> 00:09:02,672 We don't understand our heritage, 195 00:09:02,803 --> 00:09:04,979 we're terribly worried about where the country's going 196 00:09:05,109 --> 00:09:06,894 in the next 10 to 20 years. 197 00:09:06,981 --> 00:09:11,246 Are we even allowed to think of ourselves as Americans anymore? 198 00:09:11,376 --> 00:09:14,597 America is a story that was supposed to end well. 199 00:09:14,684 --> 00:09:16,294 Is this is it for the Constitution? 200 00:09:16,425 --> 00:09:17,905 Is capitalism finished? 201 00:09:17,992 --> 00:09:20,864 Or has America only just begun? 202 00:09:20,995 --> 00:09:24,172 There are a lot of people who believe that America's over, 203 00:09:24,302 --> 00:09:27,349 that the only thing left is the fight over a dying carcass. 204 00:09:27,479 --> 00:09:29,612 But I've always believed in the power of ideas 205 00:09:29,743 --> 00:09:31,788 and creative solutions. 206 00:09:31,919 --> 00:09:34,182 So I'm on a journey in search of answers. 207 00:09:34,312 --> 00:09:37,489 I began by talking to people with unique experiences, 208 00:09:37,620 --> 00:09:39,361 and a lot of them appear in this film. 209 00:09:39,448 --> 00:09:41,102 My biggest question is, 210 00:09:41,189 --> 00:09:44,845 why are we wasting so much of our nation's energy on hate 211 00:09:44,975 --> 00:09:47,021 when we could be spending that energy 212 00:09:47,151 --> 00:09:48,979 doing some amazing things? 213 00:09:55,377 --> 00:09:58,859 I'm probably pretty sensitive to the notion of change. 214 00:09:58,989 --> 00:10:01,731 When I was 14, our house burned down. 215 00:10:01,818 --> 00:10:06,170 We lost everything. I was just absolutely stunned. 216 00:10:06,301 --> 00:10:08,608 I had one valuable possession-- 217 00:10:08,695 --> 00:10:10,348 shoebox full of baseball cards, 218 00:10:10,479 --> 00:10:12,786 but that was gone, too. 219 00:10:12,916 --> 00:10:14,962 I saw my parents in crisis. 220 00:10:15,092 --> 00:10:17,312 Here we were living in a Holiday Inn. 221 00:10:17,442 --> 00:10:19,749 From that point on, I have stamped on my brain 222 00:10:19,880 --> 00:10:21,446 that change is the one constant. 223 00:10:21,577 --> 00:10:23,623 Assume nothing. 224 00:10:23,710 --> 00:10:26,408 Stability is not a certainty. 225 00:10:27,975 --> 00:10:30,064 Look at how quickly the coronavirus 226 00:10:30,194 --> 00:10:33,154 has turned our lives upside down. 227 00:10:33,284 --> 00:10:36,897 And there are other threats out there just as horrifying. 228 00:10:37,027 --> 00:10:39,029 It's got me frightened for the United States, 229 00:10:39,116 --> 00:10:41,641 for our country, because I'm worried-- 230 00:10:41,771 --> 00:10:44,034 all that anger and division, 231 00:10:44,121 --> 00:10:46,863 Washington out of control, a hate show-- 232 00:10:46,994 --> 00:10:49,257 we think we're going to get a free pass. 233 00:10:49,344 --> 00:10:51,563 I wouldn't bet on it. 234 00:10:51,651 --> 00:10:54,349 America succeeds when we build each other up, 235 00:10:54,479 --> 00:10:56,481 not when we tear each other down, 236 00:10:56,612 --> 00:10:58,048 particularly when we come together 237 00:10:58,179 --> 00:11:00,790 to address the threats to our future. 238 00:11:00,921 --> 00:11:03,314 United we stand, divided we fall. 239 00:11:03,445 --> 00:11:06,535 America succeeds when it has a purpose. 240 00:11:06,666 --> 00:11:10,495 So buckle up-- we're on a roller-coaster ride of uncertainty. 241 00:11:10,626 --> 00:11:12,759 It doesn't have to end in disaster, 242 00:11:12,889 --> 00:11:16,153 but we're going to have to step in and end the clown show. 243 00:11:16,284 --> 00:11:18,199 - [ gavel pounding ] - [ overlapping voices ] 244 00:11:18,329 --> 00:11:20,157 PRESIDENT PRO TEMP: The Senate will come to order, please. 245 00:11:20,288 --> 00:11:22,943 There's been a pattern of disruption. 246 00:11:23,030 --> 00:11:25,772 - SENATOR: Mr. Chairman, it's outrageous! - [ overlapping shouting ] 247 00:11:25,859 --> 00:11:27,425 Shouting at members of Congress so loud, 248 00:11:27,556 --> 00:11:29,123 at times police are called in. 249 00:11:29,253 --> 00:11:30,907 [ crowd chanting indistinctly ] 250 00:11:31,038 --> 00:11:32,387 MAXINE WATERS: I reserve the balance of my time-- 251 00:11:32,517 --> 00:11:34,302 - MAN: The gentlelady yield. - And, no, I do not yield 252 00:11:34,389 --> 00:11:36,652 not one second to you! 253 00:11:36,783 --> 00:11:39,568 MAN: Mr. Chairman, this is an intolerable harassment of the witness. 254 00:11:39,699 --> 00:11:41,918 BONNIE COLEMAN: What is wrong with that? You need your medication! 255 00:11:42,049 --> 00:11:44,225 I've got a valium pill that you might want to take 256 00:11:44,355 --> 00:11:46,183 before the second round. 257 00:11:46,314 --> 00:11:48,403 - Are you stupid? - They've decided that we're just stupid. 258 00:11:48,533 --> 00:11:50,622 You're willing to bring this country to its knees! 259 00:11:50,753 --> 00:11:52,712 Not the American way-- 260 00:11:52,799 --> 00:11:55,236 these damned bills that come out of here all the damned time! 261 00:12:01,808 --> 00:12:04,027 When you listen to politics today, 262 00:12:04,158 --> 00:12:06,203 people talk to each other with contempt, 263 00:12:06,290 --> 00:12:08,728 as if the other side were actually worthless. 264 00:12:08,815 --> 00:12:11,643 We can discuss these issues without being uncivilized. 265 00:12:11,731 --> 00:12:13,907 It's the same thing I tell my six-year-old. 266 00:12:14,037 --> 00:12:16,387 ARTHUR: Every time the Republicans say, 267 00:12:16,518 --> 00:12:18,520 "The Democrats cannot be trusted," 268 00:12:18,650 --> 00:12:20,609 the trust for Congress goes down. 269 00:12:20,740 --> 00:12:22,306 When the Democrats say, 270 00:12:22,437 --> 00:12:24,656 "The Republicans are just all a bunch of crooks," 271 00:12:24,787 --> 00:12:26,310 that weakens the trust 272 00:12:26,441 --> 00:12:28,922 that Americans have in the institution writ large. 273 00:12:29,052 --> 00:12:31,011 [ camera shutters clicking ] 274 00:12:31,141 --> 00:12:33,753 LEON: In my over 50 years of public life, 275 00:12:33,883 --> 00:12:36,668 Washington today is probably the meanest 276 00:12:36,799 --> 00:12:39,149 and most partisan I've ever seen it. 277 00:12:39,236 --> 00:12:42,892 [ light classical music ] 278 00:12:43,023 --> 00:12:45,808 [ woman singing operatically ] 279 00:12:45,939 --> 00:12:47,070 [ camera shutters clicking ] 280 00:12:47,244 --> 00:12:49,681 ♪ 281 00:12:53,250 --> 00:12:54,686 [ plane engine rumbling ] 282 00:12:54,817 --> 00:12:58,038 Good job tonight. Good job tonight. 283 00:12:58,212 --> 00:12:59,909 ♪ 284 00:13:00,040 --> 00:13:01,345 LEON: For me, when I was in Congress, 285 00:13:01,476 --> 00:13:03,130 governing was good politics. 286 00:13:03,260 --> 00:13:04,609 I don't think they think 287 00:13:04,740 --> 00:13:07,090 that governing is good politics anymore. 288 00:13:07,177 --> 00:13:09,484 They think stopping the other side, 289 00:13:09,614 --> 00:13:12,443 beating the other side up-- that's good politics. 290 00:13:12,574 --> 00:13:14,315 Hell, I went back to Congress, 291 00:13:14,445 --> 00:13:16,534 and I talked to a group of new members, 292 00:13:16,665 --> 00:13:20,669 and I described to them how the legislative process 293 00:13:20,800 --> 00:13:23,193 worked when I was there. 294 00:13:23,324 --> 00:13:25,674 Introduce a bill, goes to the committee, 295 00:13:25,805 --> 00:13:27,110 goes to the subcommittee. 296 00:13:27,241 --> 00:13:29,373 You have hearings, you have markup. 297 00:13:29,504 --> 00:13:31,201 Goes to the floor. 298 00:13:31,332 --> 00:13:33,247 Everybody felt like they were part of a process. 299 00:13:33,377 --> 00:13:35,075 And that's missing now. 300 00:13:35,162 --> 00:13:37,077 Nobody wants to go out into no-man's-land 301 00:13:37,164 --> 00:13:38,774 and try to cut a deal 302 00:13:38,905 --> 00:13:40,645 because they'll get shot in the back. 303 00:13:43,126 --> 00:13:45,563 I, James A. Baker do solemnly swear... 304 00:13:45,694 --> 00:13:48,915 JAMES: Back in my day, we all went to Washington 305 00:13:49,045 --> 00:13:52,222 with the idea that we wanted to do the nation's business-- 306 00:13:52,353 --> 00:13:54,442 Democrats and Republicans. 307 00:13:54,529 --> 00:13:57,358 [ dramatic musical sting ] 308 00:13:57,488 --> 00:14:00,578 [ dynamic music ] 309 00:14:00,752 --> 00:14:03,233 ♪ 310 00:14:14,810 --> 00:14:18,118 [ overlapping shouting ] 311 00:14:18,292 --> 00:14:19,249 ♪ 312 00:14:19,380 --> 00:14:20,729 REPORTER: Mr. Secretary. 313 00:14:20,860 --> 00:14:22,992 - REPORTER: Mr. Baker-- - Mr. Secretary. 314 00:14:24,689 --> 00:14:27,518 JAMES: We got some responsible Democrats 315 00:14:27,649 --> 00:14:30,521 and responsible Republicans together. 316 00:14:30,652 --> 00:14:33,220 They both were willing to give a little here, 317 00:14:33,350 --> 00:14:34,830 take a little there. 318 00:14:34,961 --> 00:14:36,571 And sadly, I think today, 319 00:14:36,701 --> 00:14:39,879 we elect representatives to the Congress, 320 00:14:40,009 --> 00:14:41,358 and they go up there 321 00:14:41,489 --> 00:14:44,274 and they don't get the country's business done. 322 00:14:44,361 --> 00:14:48,104 Two bits, four bits, six bits, a dollar. 323 00:14:48,235 --> 00:14:51,325 All for the Gators-- stand up and holler! 324 00:14:51,455 --> 00:14:55,633 It was an obscene period in our nation's history. 325 00:14:55,764 --> 00:14:59,986 Not our nation's, but at World War II. 326 00:15:00,116 --> 00:15:02,727 I mean, we-we all... lived in this century. 327 00:15:02,858 --> 00:15:05,774 I didn't live in this century, but in this century's history. 328 00:15:05,905 --> 00:15:10,300 Because we did not have-- matter of fact, we fought-- 329 00:15:10,431 --> 00:15:11,693 Hitlerism. 330 00:15:11,823 --> 00:15:14,696 [ light music ] 331 00:15:14,783 --> 00:15:18,874 Look, unfortunately, 332 00:15:19,005 --> 00:15:22,008 the most qualified people in America 333 00:15:22,095 --> 00:15:24,662 don't run for public office. 334 00:15:25,925 --> 00:15:28,753 When you look at the ideas that both parties want to do, 335 00:15:28,884 --> 00:15:30,451 maybe we're better off with gridlock. 336 00:15:30,581 --> 00:15:32,670 The only thing worse than the clown show 337 00:15:32,757 --> 00:15:34,324 would be if the clowns 338 00:15:34,411 --> 00:15:36,109 actually get some of their ideas implemented. 339 00:15:36,239 --> 00:15:40,200 Imagine, Mr. Speaker, a world without balloons, 340 00:15:40,287 --> 00:15:44,160 the injustice of there being no helium 341 00:15:44,291 --> 00:15:46,554 to get that high-pitched voice 342 00:15:46,684 --> 00:15:51,124 that we all hold near and dear to our hearts. 343 00:15:52,734 --> 00:15:54,518 JAMES: The Congressmen particularly, 344 00:15:54,649 --> 00:15:57,217 their week is from Tuesday afternoon 345 00:15:57,304 --> 00:15:59,219 till Thursday afternoon, 346 00:15:59,349 --> 00:16:03,266 then they go home to raise money for the next election. 347 00:16:03,397 --> 00:16:06,269 They don't bring their families to Washington with them. 348 00:16:06,400 --> 00:16:09,577 Many of the things that we were successful in accomplishing 349 00:16:09,664 --> 00:16:12,928 when I was there, and throughout our history, 350 00:16:13,015 --> 00:16:16,323 were accomplished because we had people 351 00:16:16,453 --> 00:16:20,718 on both sides of the aisle who were somewhat friendly. 352 00:16:20,849 --> 00:16:24,200 Even though they shared different policy goals, 353 00:16:24,331 --> 00:16:26,811 they socialized together from time to time. 354 00:16:26,942 --> 00:16:28,683 We don't have that anymore. 355 00:16:28,813 --> 00:16:30,554 - MAN: Leon. - LEON: Part of the problem 356 00:16:30,685 --> 00:16:32,426 is we forget history. 357 00:16:32,556 --> 00:16:37,170 There are some common bonds that bring us together. 358 00:16:37,300 --> 00:16:38,780 I mean, de Tocqueville understood that. 359 00:16:38,910 --> 00:16:40,956 When de Tocqueville came here, 360 00:16:41,087 --> 00:16:44,960 he wrote that there's an ingredient in the American people 361 00:16:45,091 --> 00:16:47,919 that he did not see in Europe. 362 00:16:48,050 --> 00:16:50,313 People cared for one another. 363 00:16:50,444 --> 00:16:53,925 There was a sense of community, a sense of compassion. 364 00:16:54,056 --> 00:16:57,277 There is a spirit of the American people. 365 00:16:57,407 --> 00:16:59,670 I think it's a good impulse 366 00:16:59,801 --> 00:17:02,804 that we not whitewash our history. 367 00:17:02,934 --> 00:17:05,937 But I think a lot of young students don't know 368 00:17:06,068 --> 00:17:08,636 what is it that makes America distinctive? 369 00:17:08,766 --> 00:17:12,770 [ drumming ] 370 00:17:12,857 --> 00:17:15,469 [ "Seventy Six Trombones" begins ] 371 00:17:15,643 --> 00:17:18,602 ♪ 372 00:17:26,132 --> 00:17:28,525 You know, I was Secretary of State 373 00:17:28,656 --> 00:17:31,224 of the United States of America for 40 years. 374 00:17:31,354 --> 00:17:35,315 I traveled to over 90 countries, 375 00:17:35,402 --> 00:17:39,406 and I saw firsthand the way people feel 376 00:17:39,536 --> 00:17:41,799 about the United States of America. 377 00:17:41,930 --> 00:17:45,716 We have been historically a force for good. 378 00:17:45,803 --> 00:17:48,937 We've won three hot wars and one cold one, 379 00:17:49,068 --> 00:17:50,591 and we've never asked for anything 380 00:17:50,721 --> 00:17:54,029 more than enough ground to bury our dead. 381 00:17:54,203 --> 00:17:57,250 ♪ 382 00:17:57,380 --> 00:18:00,514 ALAN: We are the good guys. 383 00:18:00,644 --> 00:18:02,211 You begin to wonder, maybe there's something 384 00:18:02,342 --> 00:18:06,346 indigenous to the psyche of the American people 385 00:18:06,433 --> 00:18:10,263 that always gets us to the top. 386 00:18:10,393 --> 00:18:12,221 KEN: Look at us! 387 00:18:12,352 --> 00:18:14,919 We weren't around 300 years ago. 388 00:18:15,050 --> 00:18:19,620 You go to Italy, there's nothing younger than 500 years. 389 00:18:19,750 --> 00:18:21,578 Go to France. 390 00:18:21,665 --> 00:18:23,450 Go to Ger-- go wherever you want. 391 00:18:23,580 --> 00:18:26,627 They had multiple centuries' jump on us. 392 00:18:26,757 --> 00:18:30,848 Look at what we did. And we're all a bunch of mutts! 393 00:18:30,979 --> 00:18:33,634 [ "Seventy Six Trombones" continues ] 394 00:18:33,721 --> 00:18:37,725 ♪ 395 00:18:39,335 --> 00:18:42,904 LEON: My father and mother were Italian immigrants to this country. 396 00:18:43,034 --> 00:18:46,212 I used to ask my dad, why the hell did you come all that distance? 397 00:18:46,299 --> 00:18:48,779 No money, no skills, no language ability. 398 00:18:48,910 --> 00:18:51,347 And my dad said, "You know, the reason was 399 00:18:51,478 --> 00:18:53,349 "because your mother and I believed 400 00:18:53,436 --> 00:18:56,265 we could give our children a better life in this country." 401 00:18:56,396 --> 00:18:58,963 AMY: I grew up in the Midwest with my three younger sisters, 402 00:18:59,094 --> 00:19:02,402 and my parents were immigrants from Asia. 403 00:19:02,532 --> 00:19:05,187 They were actually Chinese minorities from the Philippines, 404 00:19:05,318 --> 00:19:08,277 so they're sort of like triple outsiders. 405 00:19:08,408 --> 00:19:10,801 SMICK: My grandmother, when she was 19 living in Norway, 406 00:19:10,932 --> 00:19:14,153 faced the prospect of an arranged marriage 407 00:19:14,240 --> 00:19:16,633 with a much older man that she couldn't stand. 408 00:19:16,764 --> 00:19:18,418 And she and her sister got on a boat, 409 00:19:18,548 --> 00:19:21,421 came to the United States, didn't speak English, 410 00:19:21,508 --> 00:19:23,118 both worked as maids. 411 00:19:23,205 --> 00:19:24,728 This was the American dream, 412 00:19:24,859 --> 00:19:27,949 to have her daughter and her grandchildren prosper. 413 00:19:28,036 --> 00:19:30,169 CHRISSY: My father was a survivor of the Holocaust. 414 00:19:30,299 --> 00:19:31,996 He was what's called a "hidden child," 415 00:19:32,127 --> 00:19:34,782 so he was placed with a Christian family during the war. 416 00:19:34,912 --> 00:19:37,219 And he came here as a very, very small child, 417 00:19:37,350 --> 00:19:39,308 at the grace of our great country. 418 00:19:39,439 --> 00:19:42,616 AMY: A lot of people are desperate to come to this country, 419 00:19:42,746 --> 00:19:44,618 and there's a reason for it. 420 00:19:44,705 --> 00:19:47,186 And it doesn't mean that this country is perfect. 421 00:19:47,316 --> 00:19:49,666 FRANCIS: My grandfather came from Japan, 422 00:19:49,753 --> 00:19:52,974 and they were put in relocation camps during the war. 423 00:19:53,104 --> 00:19:54,323 He lost his business, you know, 424 00:19:54,454 --> 00:19:55,846 that he had spent a lifetime building. 425 00:19:55,977 --> 00:19:58,022 And so, you know, they've suffered 426 00:19:58,153 --> 00:20:00,024 from that kind of racism. 427 00:20:00,155 --> 00:20:02,636 AMY: The founding fathers did own slaves. 428 00:20:02,766 --> 00:20:05,116 And a lot of the principles in our Constitution 429 00:20:05,247 --> 00:20:07,989 were not extended to most of the people in the country. 430 00:20:08,119 --> 00:20:10,339 But the United States, at its best, 431 00:20:10,470 --> 00:20:13,995 is a country where someone could be Croatian American 432 00:20:14,082 --> 00:20:15,692 or Italian American, 433 00:20:15,823 --> 00:20:17,912 Irish American, or Korean American 434 00:20:17,999 --> 00:20:21,002 and intensely patriotic at the same time. 435 00:20:21,132 --> 00:20:25,267 [ helicopter blades thrumming ] 436 00:20:25,354 --> 00:20:27,008 - HAWK: I... - CROWD: I... 437 00:20:27,138 --> 00:20:29,010 - I believe... - I believe... 438 00:20:29,140 --> 00:20:31,186 I believe that we will win! 439 00:20:31,317 --> 00:20:33,319 CROWD: I believe that we will win! 440 00:20:33,449 --> 00:20:35,756 HAWK: It's like an abusive relationship 441 00:20:35,886 --> 00:20:37,323 that black people have with America. 442 00:20:37,453 --> 00:20:39,063 It's like the country beats the crap out of us, 443 00:20:39,194 --> 00:20:40,369 but we love our country. 444 00:20:40,500 --> 00:20:42,153 I'm Hawk Newsome. 445 00:20:42,241 --> 00:20:44,852 I'm the president of Black Lives Matter in New York. 446 00:20:44,982 --> 00:20:48,638 Real Americans, everyday hardworking Americans, 447 00:20:48,769 --> 00:20:51,075 regardless of socioeconomic status, 448 00:20:51,206 --> 00:20:54,557 are people with love in their hearts. 449 00:20:54,688 --> 00:20:57,299 And I believe in that America. 450 00:20:57,430 --> 00:21:00,476 I believe in that idealistic America. 451 00:21:01,564 --> 00:21:03,305 GOLDSTEIN: The United States of America 452 00:21:03,436 --> 00:21:05,829 was a gift from God to the world 453 00:21:05,960 --> 00:21:07,527 that became a haven 454 00:21:07,657 --> 00:21:11,226 for all mankind to come to, 455 00:21:11,357 --> 00:21:13,359 especially for the Jewish people, 456 00:21:13,489 --> 00:21:16,275 right after the Holocaust. 457 00:21:16,405 --> 00:21:19,234 It gave us a chance to rebuild ourselves. 458 00:21:21,497 --> 00:21:25,284 ROGER: A number of years ago, I took our youngest son 459 00:21:25,414 --> 00:21:27,677 with me to New York for a couple of days. 460 00:21:27,808 --> 00:21:29,113 And among other things, 461 00:21:29,244 --> 00:21:32,856 we climbed the Statue of Liberty. 462 00:21:32,943 --> 00:21:37,034 And we found ourselves next to a British fellow 463 00:21:37,121 --> 00:21:40,386 and discovered that he was an entrepreneur. 464 00:21:40,516 --> 00:21:41,996 And I said, "Well, what are you doing here?" 465 00:21:42,126 --> 00:21:43,606 And he said, 466 00:21:43,737 --> 00:21:45,913 "There is no place 467 00:21:46,043 --> 00:21:48,655 "that I am aware of on the Earth 468 00:21:48,785 --> 00:21:52,833 "where you can come with a new idea 469 00:21:52,920 --> 00:21:56,271 "and get it funded and embraced 470 00:21:56,402 --> 00:21:58,969 as you can in the United States." 471 00:21:59,056 --> 00:22:00,884 SMICK: That's the genius of the American spirit. 472 00:22:01,015 --> 00:22:03,713 People sense that they can start with nothing, 473 00:22:03,844 --> 00:22:06,586 and they can end up at or near the top. 474 00:22:06,716 --> 00:22:08,892 They're dreamers. They mortgage their homes, 475 00:22:09,023 --> 00:22:11,155 they max out their credit cards. 476 00:22:11,286 --> 00:22:15,856 They want that idea to succeed so badly, their teeth hurt. 477 00:22:15,943 --> 00:22:19,076 LARRY: You know, there was no closer student of America 478 00:22:19,207 --> 00:22:22,079 than Winston Churchill. 479 00:22:22,210 --> 00:22:24,952 And he famously said that the United States always, 480 00:22:25,039 --> 00:22:26,693 always gets it right, 481 00:22:26,823 --> 00:22:29,304 but only after exhausting the alternatives. 482 00:22:31,175 --> 00:22:32,873 We've got our problems, 483 00:22:33,003 --> 00:22:36,050 but I'd rather play the hand of the United States 484 00:22:36,137 --> 00:22:39,793 than play the hand of any other major economy in this world. 485 00:22:39,923 --> 00:22:42,665 [ bombastic music ] 486 00:22:42,839 --> 00:22:45,755 ♪ 487 00:22:49,933 --> 00:22:53,546 ALICE: I love the myth of American exceptionalism, 488 00:22:53,676 --> 00:22:55,548 the can-do spirit, 489 00:22:55,678 --> 00:22:57,898 the impossible takes a little longer 490 00:22:57,985 --> 00:22:59,856 "we can fix it" kind of attitude. 491 00:23:02,206 --> 00:23:05,253 We have believed it over a long time, 492 00:23:05,384 --> 00:23:07,124 and I think it's a very useful belief-- 493 00:23:07,255 --> 00:23:10,258 to believe that you're unique and you're special. 494 00:23:10,389 --> 00:23:13,087 [ stirring music ] 495 00:23:13,174 --> 00:23:15,785 ♪ 496 00:23:15,916 --> 00:23:17,613 ALICE: I am very grateful that the president 497 00:23:17,744 --> 00:23:21,400 has expressed confidence in me and my abilities. 498 00:23:23,793 --> 00:23:26,230 But you have to reckon with the fact 499 00:23:26,361 --> 00:23:29,059 that we are not even talking about 500 00:23:29,190 --> 00:23:32,759 the major issues that this economy has to grapple with, 501 00:23:32,889 --> 00:23:37,024 because politics has become so partisan. 502 00:23:37,154 --> 00:23:39,635 [ car horn honks ] 503 00:23:39,766 --> 00:23:42,116 Too much debt is a problem. 504 00:23:42,246 --> 00:23:44,423 And inequality is a huge problem, 505 00:23:44,510 --> 00:23:48,862 especially the decline of opportunity 506 00:23:48,992 --> 00:23:52,474 for people to move into the middle class. 507 00:23:52,605 --> 00:23:55,085 HOGAN: The average person doesn't want to spend their lives 508 00:23:55,216 --> 00:23:56,957 arguing with their neighbors and friends 509 00:23:57,087 --> 00:23:59,176 about the vice of an angry politics. 510 00:23:59,307 --> 00:24:01,265 They're worried about, you know, paying their bills 511 00:24:01,396 --> 00:24:02,963 and worrying about their sick kid 512 00:24:03,093 --> 00:24:06,183 or taking care of their elderly, you know, parent 513 00:24:06,314 --> 00:24:08,272 or, you know, the issues that they're dealing with every day. 514 00:24:08,403 --> 00:24:11,058 [ edgy music ] 515 00:24:11,232 --> 00:24:14,148 ♪ 516 00:24:17,934 --> 00:24:19,458 SMICK: I grew up a public-school kid 517 00:24:19,588 --> 00:24:21,982 in a blue-collar neighborhood in Baltimore 518 00:24:22,112 --> 00:24:24,027 in which most of the neighborhood 519 00:24:24,158 --> 00:24:27,030 faced tough financial times. 520 00:24:27,161 --> 00:24:29,380 My next-door neighbor drove a cement truck. 521 00:24:29,511 --> 00:24:31,992 My best friend's father was a plumber. 522 00:24:32,122 --> 00:24:35,517 As a child, I was always terrified 523 00:24:35,604 --> 00:24:38,215 that my parents weren't gonna make it financially. 524 00:24:38,302 --> 00:24:40,609 They never talked about it openly, 525 00:24:40,696 --> 00:24:43,438 but you felt that sense of, you know, we're up against the wall, 526 00:24:43,525 --> 00:24:45,309 even though it was a very happy childhood. 527 00:24:45,440 --> 00:24:47,094 I don't think people in Washington understand 528 00:24:47,224 --> 00:24:49,357 that half the country 529 00:24:49,488 --> 00:24:52,534 experiences this kind of nagging financial anxiety 530 00:24:52,665 --> 00:24:55,015 on a daily basis. 531 00:24:55,145 --> 00:24:56,712 And they were experiencing this anxiety 532 00:24:56,843 --> 00:24:59,149 even before the economic meltdown 533 00:24:59,280 --> 00:25:01,195 as a result of the coronavirus. 534 00:25:01,325 --> 00:25:03,371 [ background chatter ] 535 00:25:03,458 --> 00:25:06,156 [ distant siren wailing ] 536 00:25:11,161 --> 00:25:14,425 GOLDSTEIN: My parents had ten children. 537 00:25:14,556 --> 00:25:16,993 It was no easy task to bring up ten children. 538 00:25:17,080 --> 00:25:19,779 My dad always came home with a smile, 539 00:25:19,909 --> 00:25:21,737 always had something good to say. 540 00:25:21,868 --> 00:25:26,002 You never heard a negative word out of his mouth. 541 00:25:26,089 --> 00:25:28,265 SMICK: My father was a Presbyterian minister, 542 00:25:28,352 --> 00:25:30,398 and I was the black sheep of the family. 543 00:25:30,529 --> 00:25:32,879 I was the guy who asked all the bad questions. 544 00:25:33,009 --> 00:25:34,184 But we were close. 545 00:25:34,315 --> 00:25:36,360 And when my father died, 546 00:25:36,491 --> 00:25:39,494 at his funeral, I was really struck, 547 00:25:39,625 --> 00:25:42,192 because there was a common theme 548 00:25:42,323 --> 00:25:47,067 that my dad had a gift for loving the unlovely. 549 00:25:47,197 --> 00:25:50,679 The people that no one cared about--he was there. 550 00:25:50,810 --> 00:25:54,030 Americans, whether Republicans, Democrats or Independents, 551 00:25:54,161 --> 00:25:57,468 we need to learn how to love the unlovely. 552 00:25:57,556 --> 00:26:00,515 In some cases, it might be an immigrant, 553 00:26:00,646 --> 00:26:04,345 and for others, it might be someone living in the Rust Belt 554 00:26:04,432 --> 00:26:07,653 who didn't benefit from the globalization lottery, 555 00:26:07,783 --> 00:26:11,526 who lost everything when their factory and jobs moved overseas 556 00:26:11,657 --> 00:26:14,790 and their families fell into opioid addiction. 557 00:26:19,795 --> 00:26:22,668 America's divisions are no longer based just on party, 558 00:26:22,755 --> 00:26:24,626 race, or ethnicity. 559 00:26:24,757 --> 00:26:27,281 They're now based on class and even geography. 560 00:26:27,368 --> 00:26:30,153 You have the elites, mostly on the coasts, 561 00:26:30,284 --> 00:26:32,939 versus average folk, who are caregivers, 562 00:26:33,069 --> 00:26:36,159 first responders-- the people who work with their hands. 563 00:26:36,290 --> 00:26:37,683 The elites from both political parties 564 00:26:37,813 --> 00:26:39,685 have a bad track record. 565 00:26:39,815 --> 00:26:41,469 It started in Vietnam. 566 00:26:41,600 --> 00:26:43,863 The heartland sent its sons to be butchered. 567 00:26:43,993 --> 00:26:47,388 The sons of the elite took college deferments. 568 00:26:47,518 --> 00:26:50,130 During 9/11, the first responders went up the stairs. 569 00:26:50,260 --> 00:26:52,611 The young investment bankers came down. 570 00:26:52,741 --> 00:26:54,482 And then less than a decade later, 571 00:26:54,613 --> 00:26:56,223 the bankers nearly tanked the world economy, 572 00:26:56,310 --> 00:26:58,051 yet no one went to jail. 573 00:26:58,181 --> 00:27:01,010 Instead, they got a tax break called "carried interest." 574 00:27:01,141 --> 00:27:02,838 [ dramatic music ] 575 00:27:02,969 --> 00:27:06,625 Wonder why people are so resentful and angry today? 576 00:27:06,755 --> 00:27:08,975 Our leaders have consistently failed 577 00:27:09,105 --> 00:27:11,281 to look out for the little guy. 578 00:27:11,412 --> 00:27:14,850 The velvet-rope economy has enabled a new aristocracy 579 00:27:14,981 --> 00:27:16,373 in brains and money 580 00:27:16,504 --> 00:27:19,855 to cut itself off from the rest of America, 581 00:27:19,942 --> 00:27:23,729 and that's dangerous for our democracy. 582 00:27:23,859 --> 00:27:25,731 [ dramatic musical sting ] 583 00:27:25,818 --> 00:27:27,994 ALICE: We can't afford to be two countries 584 00:27:28,124 --> 00:27:30,866 where one country 585 00:27:30,997 --> 00:27:34,696 is cities and coast 586 00:27:34,783 --> 00:27:36,959 and the other is the heartland. 587 00:27:37,046 --> 00:27:39,527 I grew up in the Middle West, so I relate to this. 588 00:27:39,658 --> 00:27:43,400 But is where small towns and small cities 589 00:27:43,531 --> 00:27:45,359 are not doing well. 590 00:27:47,970 --> 00:27:49,972 The greatest economic problem we face today 591 00:27:50,103 --> 00:27:53,497 is something called "social mobility." 592 00:27:53,584 --> 00:27:56,544 The American dream is vanishing for a lot of people. 593 00:27:56,675 --> 00:27:59,416 30 years ago, a person born into 594 00:27:59,547 --> 00:28:01,941 the bottom 25% of the country economically 595 00:28:02,071 --> 00:28:04,378 could study hard and work hard, 596 00:28:04,508 --> 00:28:09,035 and they had about a 25% chance of rising to the top 25%. 597 00:28:09,122 --> 00:28:11,733 Today... 598 00:28:11,820 --> 00:28:14,040 only a 5% chance. 599 00:28:14,127 --> 00:28:16,216 Restoring upward mobility should be viewed 600 00:28:16,346 --> 00:28:18,697 as a national emergency. 601 00:28:18,827 --> 00:28:22,439 The traditional route to wealth and success 602 00:28:22,570 --> 00:28:24,659 has been cut off for many Americans. 603 00:28:24,790 --> 00:28:27,183 [ edgy music ] 604 00:28:27,314 --> 00:28:28,794 ARTHUR: For my money, the most interesting question 605 00:28:28,924 --> 00:28:30,926 is not income inequality. 606 00:28:31,013 --> 00:28:33,363 It's opportunity inequality. 607 00:28:33,494 --> 00:28:36,149 In point of fact, mobility's gotten harder in this country. 608 00:28:38,325 --> 00:28:40,980 SMICK: When I first came to Washington in the 1970s, 609 00:28:41,067 --> 00:28:44,070 everybody was worried about the high cost of capital-- 610 00:28:44,200 --> 00:28:48,030 in other words, it's going to make us globally uncompetitive. 611 00:28:48,117 --> 00:28:50,032 But now capital is cheap. 612 00:28:50,163 --> 00:28:53,601 And our next job is to worry about human capital. 613 00:28:58,432 --> 00:29:00,739 I believe that capitalism has been the greater creator 614 00:29:00,869 --> 00:29:05,134 of wealth and opportunity that the world has ever known. 615 00:29:06,179 --> 00:29:08,007 The integration of our global economy 616 00:29:08,137 --> 00:29:11,488 has made life better for billions of men, 617 00:29:11,619 --> 00:29:13,577 women, and children. 618 00:29:13,708 --> 00:29:16,842 Free market capitalism has taken billions of people out of poverty. 619 00:29:16,929 --> 00:29:20,106 But the coronavirus changes everything. 620 00:29:20,236 --> 00:29:22,630 We need to rethink global capitalism. 621 00:29:22,761 --> 00:29:25,981 Do we really want our industrial supply chains 622 00:29:26,112 --> 00:29:29,419 in ruthless and unstable parts of the world? 623 00:29:29,550 --> 00:29:32,988 Can we psychologically withstand global financial meltdowns 624 00:29:33,119 --> 00:29:35,599 that seem to come every decade or so? 625 00:29:37,906 --> 00:29:40,039 The American economy's out of balance. 626 00:29:40,169 --> 00:29:42,955 Finance and banking have become more important 627 00:29:43,085 --> 00:29:45,479 than coming up with revolutionary ideas 628 00:29:45,609 --> 00:29:48,177 and inventing and making things. 629 00:29:48,308 --> 00:29:50,049 Our financial markets 630 00:29:50,179 --> 00:29:52,703 are propelled by computer-driven investors. 631 00:29:52,834 --> 00:29:56,969 Algorithms, not people, are driving the stock market 632 00:29:57,099 --> 00:29:59,493 and sometimes driving it into the ground. 633 00:30:02,539 --> 00:30:04,367 In addition, free market capitalism 634 00:30:04,498 --> 00:30:08,589 has become a lot more top-down than bottom-up. 635 00:30:08,676 --> 00:30:11,505 Large corporations overwhelm the small enterprises. 636 00:30:11,592 --> 00:30:14,421 They lobby for special corporate welfare, 637 00:30:14,551 --> 00:30:17,380 manipulate patent laws, they get special tax breaks, 638 00:30:17,511 --> 00:30:20,688 they change the rules to stifle competitors-- 639 00:30:20,775 --> 00:30:23,038 anything to avoid a level playing field. 640 00:30:23,169 --> 00:30:26,259 In the grand battle between David versus Goliath, 641 00:30:26,346 --> 00:30:28,957 David doesn't have a chance. 642 00:30:29,044 --> 00:30:31,525 Washington doesn't get much done. 643 00:30:31,655 --> 00:30:34,833 But there's one area where both parties seem to come together-- 644 00:30:34,920 --> 00:30:36,573 when they're working on a bill 645 00:30:36,704 --> 00:30:39,663 that benefits a large multinational corporation 646 00:30:39,794 --> 00:30:41,709 in their own district or state. 647 00:30:41,840 --> 00:30:43,363 Then both parties work together. 648 00:30:43,493 --> 00:30:46,061 So consider this analogy about two cows. 649 00:30:46,192 --> 00:30:47,584 - [ clank ] - [ moo ] 650 00:30:49,325 --> 00:30:50,849 You have two cows. 651 00:30:50,979 --> 00:30:53,286 Under communism, the state takes both 652 00:30:53,416 --> 00:30:54,853 and gives you some milk. 653 00:30:54,983 --> 00:30:56,506 Under socialism, you have two cows. 654 00:30:56,637 --> 00:30:58,465 You give one to your neighbor, 655 00:30:58,595 --> 00:31:01,294 but your neighbor lacks the incentive to milk the cow, 656 00:31:01,381 --> 00:31:04,079 so total milk production drops. 657 00:31:04,210 --> 00:31:05,951 Under fascism, you have two cows. 658 00:31:06,081 --> 00:31:07,953 The state takes both, 659 00:31:08,083 --> 00:31:12,000 shoots one, milks the other, and then throws the milk away. 660 00:31:12,087 --> 00:31:14,742 Under corporate capitalism, or Wall Street capitalism, 661 00:31:14,873 --> 00:31:16,787 which dominates today's economy, 662 00:31:16,918 --> 00:31:20,226 you have two cows and engage in financial engineering. 663 00:31:20,356 --> 00:31:21,923 This is a little like Adam Smith 664 00:31:22,054 --> 00:31:24,012 meets the Twilight Zone. 665 00:31:24,143 --> 00:31:26,319 You sell three cows to your publicly traded company 666 00:31:26,449 --> 00:31:28,321 using letters of credit 667 00:31:28,451 --> 00:31:30,366 opened by your brother-in-law at the bank, 668 00:31:30,497 --> 00:31:32,716 then you execute a debt equity swap 669 00:31:32,847 --> 00:31:34,675 with an associated general offer 670 00:31:34,805 --> 00:31:36,895 so that you get all four cows back 671 00:31:37,025 --> 00:31:39,898 with a tax exemption for five cows. 672 00:31:40,028 --> 00:31:41,421 The milk rights of the six cows 673 00:31:41,551 --> 00:31:44,119 are transferred to a Panamanian company 674 00:31:44,250 --> 00:31:46,556 secretly owned by the majority shareholder 675 00:31:46,687 --> 00:31:48,471 who sells the rights to all seven cows 676 00:31:48,602 --> 00:31:50,517 back to your listed company. 677 00:31:50,647 --> 00:31:53,259 Your annual report says the company owns eight cows 678 00:31:53,389 --> 00:31:56,653 with an option on one more. Phew! 679 00:31:56,784 --> 00:31:59,482 Under Main Street capitalism, you have two cows. 680 00:31:59,613 --> 00:32:01,484 You sell one and buy a bull. 681 00:32:01,615 --> 00:32:04,661 Your herd multiplies, and the economy grows. 682 00:32:04,748 --> 00:32:06,359 Everyone benefits. 683 00:32:06,489 --> 00:32:08,796 You sell your herd and retire on the income. 684 00:32:08,927 --> 00:32:11,016 We need more Main Street capitalism-- 685 00:32:11,146 --> 00:32:13,801 capitalism for the little guy. 686 00:32:15,150 --> 00:32:16,804 You know, Americans historically have been tinkerers, 687 00:32:16,935 --> 00:32:20,155 inventors, and outside-the-box thinkers. 688 00:32:20,286 --> 00:32:22,810 They engage in what some economists call 689 00:32:22,941 --> 00:32:25,030 "mass flourishing" from the bottom up. 690 00:32:25,160 --> 00:32:27,423 We take on challenges and risks 691 00:32:27,554 --> 00:32:29,773 that a lot of other countries don't do. 692 00:32:29,904 --> 00:32:32,689 That has been the secret to our success. 693 00:32:32,820 --> 00:32:35,649 But this spirit of dynamism, of creativity, 694 00:32:35,779 --> 00:32:37,999 is under assault. 695 00:32:38,130 --> 00:32:39,958 It's very tough if you're a small business. 696 00:32:40,088 --> 00:32:42,047 It's very tough if you're an entrepreneur. 697 00:32:42,177 --> 00:32:45,964 The system seems to be rigged against you. 698 00:32:46,094 --> 00:32:48,705 The American economy has gotten more rigid 699 00:32:48,836 --> 00:32:50,185 over the past couple of decades, 700 00:32:50,316 --> 00:32:52,535 and especially since the financial crisis. 701 00:32:52,666 --> 00:32:54,624 And that's what really freaks Americans out, 702 00:32:54,755 --> 00:32:56,626 and it's making us hate each other. 703 00:32:56,757 --> 00:33:00,195 Hate comes from feelings of humiliation. 704 00:33:00,326 --> 00:33:04,417 When people feel humiliated, particularly in the economy, 705 00:33:04,547 --> 00:33:07,072 that humiliation turns to anger. 706 00:33:07,202 --> 00:33:10,466 And then the anger becomes hate. 707 00:33:10,597 --> 00:33:12,816 There is a very intimate relationship 708 00:33:12,947 --> 00:33:16,864 between economics and identity. 709 00:33:16,995 --> 00:33:19,736 If you have a job, it's not just a source of resources, 710 00:33:19,823 --> 00:33:23,349 it's also a source of your identity or your dignity, 711 00:33:23,479 --> 00:33:25,090 your self-esteem. 712 00:33:25,220 --> 00:33:27,440 Where is the dignity in poverty, 713 00:33:27,570 --> 00:33:30,269 in going home and looking at your family 714 00:33:30,399 --> 00:33:33,011 and realizing that there's no food in the refrigerator, 715 00:33:33,141 --> 00:33:34,969 your lights are about to get cut off, 716 00:33:35,100 --> 00:33:37,841 and you're about a payment away from being evicted. 717 00:33:37,972 --> 00:33:41,715 How can you hold your head up, you know? 718 00:33:41,845 --> 00:33:44,674 And this isn't just black neighborhoods. 719 00:33:44,805 --> 00:33:47,503 You look at poor white people. 720 00:33:47,634 --> 00:33:50,202 They may own homes, but they have rising property taxes. 721 00:33:50,289 --> 00:33:51,986 They can't make their mortgages. 722 00:33:52,117 --> 00:33:53,509 Jobs are being outsourced, 723 00:33:53,640 --> 00:33:55,250 factories that are used to employing them 724 00:33:55,381 --> 00:33:56,860 are no longer there. 725 00:33:56,991 --> 00:33:59,994 This is not what the American dream is supposed to be. 726 00:34:00,125 --> 00:34:02,562 FRANCIS: So one of the big problems is simply 727 00:34:02,649 --> 00:34:04,999 people that thought they were middle class or working class 728 00:34:05,086 --> 00:34:06,914 that have lost status. 729 00:34:07,045 --> 00:34:08,611 And if you lose that job, 730 00:34:08,742 --> 00:34:11,484 it means that society has somehow devalued you. 731 00:34:11,614 --> 00:34:13,051 It's that loss of value 732 00:34:13,181 --> 00:34:15,357 that actually creates the greatest anger. 733 00:34:15,488 --> 00:34:17,142 [ bell dinging ] 734 00:34:17,229 --> 00:34:19,274 NEWSCASTER: The Dow tumbled more than 500 points 735 00:34:19,361 --> 00:34:22,582 after two pillars of the Street tumbled over the weekend. 736 00:34:22,712 --> 00:34:25,498 Lehman Brothers, a 158-year-old firm, 737 00:34:25,628 --> 00:34:27,369 filed for bankruptcy. 738 00:34:27,456 --> 00:34:29,850 Brought down by bad mortgage investments, Lehman, 739 00:34:29,937 --> 00:34:33,375 which has 25,000 employees, will be liquidated. 740 00:34:33,462 --> 00:34:34,985 I'm starting to find another job. 741 00:34:35,073 --> 00:34:37,205 [ indistinct chanting ] 742 00:34:37,336 --> 00:34:40,034 [ bluesy music ] 743 00:34:40,208 --> 00:34:43,037 ♪ 744 00:34:43,168 --> 00:34:46,910 Banks got bailed out, we got sold out! 745 00:34:47,041 --> 00:34:50,914 ALICE: We allowed the crisis of 2008 to happen. 746 00:34:51,001 --> 00:34:53,787 It should never have happened. 747 00:34:53,917 --> 00:34:56,659 A lot of the animosity towards capitalism today, 748 00:34:56,790 --> 00:34:58,574 a lot of the resentment, 749 00:34:58,705 --> 00:35:02,056 is borne of what those kids saw in 2008. 750 00:35:02,143 --> 00:35:06,191 ALICE: Young people and wage earners whose wages were not going up 751 00:35:06,321 --> 00:35:10,978 were looking at this and saying, "These fat cats aren't like us. 752 00:35:11,109 --> 00:35:13,633 They're making out like bandits." 753 00:35:13,763 --> 00:35:15,765 And they were right. 754 00:35:15,896 --> 00:35:18,072 The people who lived through the financial crash are still angry. 755 00:35:18,203 --> 00:35:20,422 - I get kind of sick and tired-- - With all due respect, 756 00:35:20,553 --> 00:35:22,468 I get sick and tired of the richest people in this country 757 00:35:22,555 --> 00:35:24,905 - who are getting richer and richer and richer-- - MAN: Regular order! 758 00:35:25,035 --> 00:35:26,950 After the financial crisis, 759 00:35:27,081 --> 00:35:29,910 both parties had walked away from capitalism. 760 00:35:29,997 --> 00:35:32,826 It's an irony, because capitalism is under attack, 761 00:35:32,913 --> 00:35:35,481 but I don't even think we're doing capitalism anymore. 762 00:35:35,611 --> 00:35:38,266 The most important price in the world 763 00:35:38,397 --> 00:35:40,355 is long-term interest rates. 764 00:35:40,486 --> 00:35:43,532 And post-financial crisis, 765 00:35:43,619 --> 00:35:46,840 we went from what were emergency measures 766 00:35:46,927 --> 00:35:49,930 to literally having central banks 767 00:35:50,017 --> 00:35:52,062 setting the price of money. 768 00:35:52,193 --> 00:35:55,370 So we're not engaging in capitalism here anymore. 769 00:35:55,501 --> 00:35:57,764 There's no price signals to Congress, 770 00:35:57,894 --> 00:36:01,637 and it's all about free money. 771 00:36:01,768 --> 00:36:04,727 SMICK: Zombie corporations that are loaded with debt, 772 00:36:04,858 --> 00:36:08,775 but they're walking around buying back their stock. 773 00:36:08,905 --> 00:36:12,561 As we saw during the coronavirus market meltdown, 774 00:36:12,692 --> 00:36:15,825 these companies are the financial systems' dangerous soft underbelly. 775 00:36:15,956 --> 00:36:17,958 It's not free market capitalism, 776 00:36:18,088 --> 00:36:20,613 it's free money capitalism. 777 00:36:20,743 --> 00:36:23,093 What we're looking at here is America shutting down. 778 00:36:23,224 --> 00:36:24,356 These stay-at-home orders 779 00:36:24,443 --> 00:36:25,748 are effectively shutting down the economy. 780 00:36:25,835 --> 00:36:29,883 Can the economy handle a month's long shutdown? 781 00:36:30,013 --> 00:36:32,277 SMICK: In response to the global pandemic, 782 00:36:32,407 --> 00:36:35,018 our economy was put into a medically induced coma. 783 00:36:38,587 --> 00:36:40,415 For once, Washington did the right thing 784 00:36:40,546 --> 00:36:43,331 and gave people and small businesses money 785 00:36:43,462 --> 00:36:45,725 simply so they could survive. 786 00:36:45,855 --> 00:36:48,771 Now, how quickly we come out of the coma depends on one thing-- 787 00:36:48,902 --> 00:36:51,078 our confidence. 788 00:36:51,209 --> 00:36:54,212 Will average families and consumers and small-business people 789 00:36:54,342 --> 00:36:58,564 still be as optimistic as they once were about America's future? 790 00:36:58,694 --> 00:37:02,002 Will they still dream big and dare big? 791 00:37:02,132 --> 00:37:04,178 One way to restore confidence 792 00:37:04,309 --> 00:37:06,485 is for our leaders to come together 793 00:37:06,572 --> 00:37:09,966 to address problems that they so far have ignored. 794 00:37:10,097 --> 00:37:12,186 Never before in history 795 00:37:12,317 --> 00:37:15,320 has the world created this much money, credit, and debt. 796 00:37:15,450 --> 00:37:17,496 We're in uncharted territory. 797 00:37:17,583 --> 00:37:19,759 Washington needs a road map 798 00:37:19,889 --> 00:37:23,415 for navigating this brave, new world. 799 00:37:23,545 --> 00:37:26,331 We have trillion-dollar budget deficits, 800 00:37:26,461 --> 00:37:29,377 and nobody cares. 801 00:37:29,508 --> 00:37:32,337 Light a match under that, 802 00:37:32,467 --> 00:37:35,992 and deficits will upend the system. 803 00:37:36,123 --> 00:37:37,994 STAN: It's interesting that young people 804 00:37:38,125 --> 00:37:41,520 can see climate change 30 to 50 years out, 805 00:37:41,650 --> 00:37:44,958 but for some reason, they can't focus on the debt problem 806 00:37:45,088 --> 00:37:46,699 15 or 20 years out. 807 00:37:46,786 --> 00:37:48,178 There's no question 808 00:37:48,266 --> 00:37:49,876 there'll be a day of reckoning. 809 00:37:50,006 --> 00:37:52,705 Capital is being misallocated, 810 00:37:52,792 --> 00:37:54,707 and when it finally ends, 811 00:37:54,837 --> 00:37:57,710 it's going to be really, really bloody. 812 00:37:59,842 --> 00:38:01,844 NIALL: The economics is important, 813 00:38:01,975 --> 00:38:04,891 but it doesn't explain the intensity 814 00:38:05,021 --> 00:38:07,110 of partisan feeling. 815 00:38:07,241 --> 00:38:09,765 [ overlapping shouting ] 816 00:38:09,896 --> 00:38:12,290 Then I think you need to turn to culture. 817 00:38:12,420 --> 00:38:14,553 [ crowd shouting ] 818 00:38:14,683 --> 00:38:17,382 I grew up in Glasgow, in the west of Scotland, 819 00:38:17,512 --> 00:38:20,123 where for centuries, there had been tension 820 00:38:20,254 --> 00:38:22,517 between Roman Catholics and Protestants. 821 00:38:22,648 --> 00:38:24,824 And you didn't just kind of wake up and say, 822 00:38:24,954 --> 00:38:26,782 "I'll be a Catholic today." 823 00:38:26,913 --> 00:38:28,828 It was something that you were born with 824 00:38:28,958 --> 00:38:31,134 and stuck with for life. 825 00:38:31,221 --> 00:38:33,659 But go to an American baseball game, 826 00:38:33,789 --> 00:38:37,227 and the level of hatred for the other side is incredibly low 827 00:38:37,358 --> 00:38:38,968 by the standards of Rangers and Celtic, 828 00:38:39,099 --> 00:38:41,406 the two soccer teams I grew up with. 829 00:38:41,536 --> 00:38:43,538 ANNOUNCER: And it'll run out of play. 830 00:38:46,324 --> 00:38:49,544 That was nice of him. 831 00:38:49,631 --> 00:38:51,764 ANNOUNCER 2: That is very nice of that young man. 832 00:38:51,894 --> 00:38:53,853 - Oh, my God. - Aww. 833 00:38:53,983 --> 00:38:56,072 NIALL: People sit there eating hot dogs, 834 00:38:56,203 --> 00:38:57,987 and I'm always struck by the fact 835 00:38:58,118 --> 00:39:03,036 that nobody's really hating even the Yankees in Boston. 836 00:39:04,124 --> 00:39:07,257 In the United States, people join tribes, 837 00:39:07,388 --> 00:39:11,087 often at times of personal crisis. 838 00:39:11,218 --> 00:39:15,353 Teenagers are particularly prone to join a tribe. 839 00:39:15,483 --> 00:39:16,876 So I think to understand the United State, 840 00:39:17,006 --> 00:39:18,486 you have to understand what is it 841 00:39:18,573 --> 00:39:22,795 that leads somebody to become woke 842 00:39:22,925 --> 00:39:24,797 or, for that matter, a neo-Nazi. 843 00:39:28,844 --> 00:39:30,977 CROWD: [ chanting ] Move, move, move, move! 844 00:39:31,107 --> 00:39:33,240 AMY: We are at a moment where every group in America 845 00:39:33,327 --> 00:39:35,155 feels threatened. 846 00:39:35,285 --> 00:39:37,462 It's not just religious minorities, 847 00:39:37,549 --> 00:39:40,552 like Jews and Muslims who now feel threatened. 848 00:39:40,639 --> 00:39:42,641 Christians feel threatened. 849 00:39:42,728 --> 00:39:45,078 When groups feel threatened, 850 00:39:45,208 --> 00:39:47,602 that's when they retreat into tribalism. 851 00:39:47,733 --> 00:39:50,779 They become more insular, more us-versus-them, 852 00:39:50,910 --> 00:39:54,130 more defensive and demonizing the other side. 853 00:39:54,261 --> 00:39:56,045 I think in the last few years, 854 00:39:56,176 --> 00:39:58,918 we've seen a rise in hate, race-based hate, 855 00:39:59,005 --> 00:40:02,487 religion-based hate, gender-based hate. 856 00:40:02,617 --> 00:40:04,576 If we want to get to that place of racial harmony, 857 00:40:04,663 --> 00:40:08,536 which I think we're closer to now than ever before-- 858 00:40:08,667 --> 00:40:11,887 things might become a little bumpier before we get there, 859 00:40:11,974 --> 00:40:14,890 but I think we're closer to that place that we need to be. 860 00:40:15,021 --> 00:40:16,849 We're just going to have to be realistic 861 00:40:16,979 --> 00:40:19,068 about what's happening in this country. 862 00:40:19,199 --> 00:40:20,243 CREW WOMAN: We're ready, if you want. 863 00:40:20,374 --> 00:40:21,767 Okay. Great. 864 00:40:24,030 --> 00:40:26,641 SMICK: You've had a hell of a life. Tell us your story. 865 00:40:26,772 --> 00:40:29,557 DEREK: When I was born, my family had already been building up 866 00:40:29,688 --> 00:40:33,822 their ideology of sanitized white supremacy. 867 00:40:33,953 --> 00:40:36,738 [ dramatic music ] 868 00:40:36,912 --> 00:40:39,741 ♪ 869 00:40:46,313 --> 00:40:48,141 So-called Civil Rights Movement produces 870 00:40:48,271 --> 00:40:51,144 anti-white preference in a majority-white country. 871 00:40:51,274 --> 00:40:52,754 WOMAN: Derek was the most prominent 872 00:40:52,841 --> 00:40:55,757 young white supremacist in the United States. 873 00:40:55,888 --> 00:40:59,065 My parents were fairly typical middle-class 874 00:40:59,195 --> 00:41:01,284 white families in America, 875 00:41:01,371 --> 00:41:04,505 and they became much more extreme in college. 876 00:41:04,636 --> 00:41:08,204 My father is the one who popularized the term "white nationalism." 877 00:41:08,335 --> 00:41:11,120 My dad had worked on my godfather's campaign 878 00:41:11,251 --> 00:41:13,601 of cleverly worded white supremacy. 879 00:41:13,688 --> 00:41:15,864 The current outbreak of violence over the shooting 880 00:41:15,951 --> 00:41:17,866 of an African American is how 881 00:41:17,997 --> 00:41:20,869 Jewish supremacist-dominated mass media 882 00:41:20,956 --> 00:41:23,872 engages in deliberate incitement 883 00:41:24,003 --> 00:41:27,136 of racist hatred against European Americans. 884 00:41:27,223 --> 00:41:30,879 My nationalism is rooted in anti-Semitism. 885 00:41:35,144 --> 00:41:37,582 If you actually break apart their ideology, 886 00:41:37,669 --> 00:41:41,760 they want separation of people, they want mass deportation. 887 00:41:41,890 --> 00:41:44,153 We believe we have the right to maintain 888 00:41:44,284 --> 00:41:46,329 our countries as white nations. 889 00:41:46,460 --> 00:41:48,854 We believe we're being subject to genocide. 890 00:41:48,984 --> 00:41:52,553 I was 19 years old, and I totally believed the entire ideology. 891 00:41:52,684 --> 00:41:56,296 I ran for a local county seat and won it. 892 00:41:56,383 --> 00:41:57,950 I made national news. 893 00:41:58,037 --> 00:41:59,560 It really seemed like 894 00:41:59,691 --> 00:42:01,867 I was going to take over this movement. 895 00:42:03,564 --> 00:42:05,305 The white nationalist movement 896 00:42:05,392 --> 00:42:08,264 provides a lot of social support to people. 897 00:42:08,395 --> 00:42:10,353 You can't discount that. 898 00:42:10,484 --> 00:42:12,312 They join a movement of people 899 00:42:12,442 --> 00:42:14,053 who are completely unapologetic, 900 00:42:14,140 --> 00:42:16,969 who become godparents for each other's children 901 00:42:17,099 --> 00:42:18,971 and support each other financially. 902 00:42:19,101 --> 00:42:21,626 It's like that level of commitment is almost religious. 903 00:42:21,713 --> 00:42:24,933 SMICK: I think many Americans are lonely. 904 00:42:25,064 --> 00:42:26,631 They're no longer associated with a club 905 00:42:26,718 --> 00:42:28,458 or a church or a community group. 906 00:42:28,546 --> 00:42:30,939 The family structure is broken down. 907 00:42:31,070 --> 00:42:32,811 So they reach out to these activist groups 908 00:42:32,941 --> 00:42:34,943 and political parties, 909 00:42:35,030 --> 00:42:36,858 but they have a loyalty that's so fierce, 910 00:42:36,989 --> 00:42:38,860 they want to destroy the other side. 911 00:42:38,991 --> 00:42:41,776 And the effect is almost like a drug... 912 00:42:41,907 --> 00:42:44,039 and studies show that human beings 913 00:42:44,170 --> 00:42:47,652 actually take pleasure when the other side fails, 914 00:42:47,782 --> 00:42:49,828 or suffers a misfortune. 915 00:42:49,958 --> 00:42:50,872 Our brains actually light up. 916 00:42:51,003 --> 00:42:52,613 [ crowd chanting ] 917 00:42:52,744 --> 00:42:54,310 DEREK: My father started 918 00:42:54,441 --> 00:42:56,269 the first white supremacist website. 919 00:42:56,399 --> 00:42:58,445 He really brought the movement onto the Internet. 920 00:42:58,576 --> 00:43:00,969 The number of self-described "hate organizations" 921 00:43:01,100 --> 00:43:03,493 has increased 69% in our country. 922 00:43:03,581 --> 00:43:05,321 Many of their sympathizers keep in touch 923 00:43:05,452 --> 00:43:07,759 through stormfront.org, 924 00:43:07,889 --> 00:43:10,413 which was founded by our guest, Don Black. 925 00:43:10,544 --> 00:43:12,459 DEREK: He viewed that as a total sea change 926 00:43:12,590 --> 00:43:15,462 and how he was able to talk to a few hundred people 927 00:43:15,593 --> 00:43:17,899 and instead start talking to millions. 928 00:43:18,030 --> 00:43:19,205 DON: Over the years, I've distributed 929 00:43:19,335 --> 00:43:21,337 tens of thousands of leaflets. 930 00:43:21,468 --> 00:43:24,514 But we never were able to reach the kind of audience 931 00:43:24,602 --> 00:43:27,866 that we can now so easily and inexpensively. 932 00:43:27,953 --> 00:43:30,695 You can't understand the polarization 933 00:43:30,825 --> 00:43:32,784 of American politics and society 934 00:43:32,914 --> 00:43:35,438 without realizing that the public's fear 935 00:43:35,569 --> 00:43:37,049 has been completely, 936 00:43:37,179 --> 00:43:41,314 structurally transformed by the Internet. 937 00:43:41,444 --> 00:43:43,795 Things that we thought were going to be beneficial 938 00:43:43,925 --> 00:43:46,449 oftentimes are just the opposite. 939 00:43:46,580 --> 00:43:51,019 In 1900, you could buy heroin in a Sears, Roebuck catalog. 940 00:43:51,150 --> 00:43:53,195 Dentists prescribed cocaine. 941 00:43:53,326 --> 00:43:56,024 Social media--it's supposed to be this great thing 942 00:43:56,155 --> 00:43:58,026 that would connect the world, 943 00:43:58,157 --> 00:44:00,072 but it's clearly been less than that. 944 00:44:00,202 --> 00:44:02,074 Good news doesn't sell newspapers. 945 00:44:02,161 --> 00:44:03,510 Predicting imminent disaster-- 946 00:44:03,641 --> 00:44:05,904 now, that's what gets people's attention. 947 00:44:06,948 --> 00:44:09,168 SHELBY: Flame-throwing, hot headlines 948 00:44:09,298 --> 00:44:10,996 are what get the instant clicks. 949 00:44:11,126 --> 00:44:14,173 Clicks bring ads, clicks bring money. 950 00:44:14,260 --> 00:44:16,479 It then becomes a feedback loop 951 00:44:16,566 --> 00:44:18,568 that is changing journalism for good. 952 00:44:18,699 --> 00:44:21,876 It's not just social media, it's all kinds of media. 953 00:44:22,007 --> 00:44:23,748 There really isn't enough news to talk about 954 00:44:23,878 --> 00:44:25,880 24-7, 7 days a week. 955 00:44:25,967 --> 00:44:29,014 There's just not. You know, turn it off. 956 00:44:29,101 --> 00:44:31,886 You got to snap out of it, like Cher said. 957 00:44:32,017 --> 00:44:33,540 Snap out of it! 958 00:44:33,671 --> 00:44:34,672 LIZA: You don't have to keep the TV on. 959 00:44:34,802 --> 00:44:36,151 We don't need that. 960 00:44:36,282 --> 00:44:38,110 NIALL: The algorithms used on Twitter 961 00:44:38,197 --> 00:44:39,894 or on YouTube 962 00:44:40,025 --> 00:44:42,984 are designed to exacerbate polarization. 963 00:44:43,071 --> 00:44:47,336 On Twitter, every emotive word that you use in a tweet 964 00:44:47,467 --> 00:44:49,382 will increase the probability 965 00:44:49,512 --> 00:44:51,906 of its being retweeted by 20%. 966 00:44:52,037 --> 00:44:54,169 If you look at the number of followers, 967 00:44:54,300 --> 00:44:56,563 the more extreme they are, the more followers they have. 968 00:44:56,694 --> 00:44:59,697 The centrists are nowhere in the world of social media, 969 00:44:59,827 --> 00:45:02,917 because to be in the center is, by definition, 970 00:45:03,048 --> 00:45:04,310 not to be retweeted. 971 00:45:04,440 --> 00:45:07,139 You can see opinions that would, in the past, 972 00:45:07,269 --> 00:45:09,184 have been considered the village crank 973 00:45:09,315 --> 00:45:12,144 talking at the bar with one or two buddies. 974 00:45:12,274 --> 00:45:16,104 And now the village crank can connect with 30,000 people 975 00:45:16,235 --> 00:45:18,541 around the country or around the world. 976 00:45:18,672 --> 00:45:21,327 ALEX: Sandy Hook is a synthetic, 977 00:45:21,414 --> 00:45:24,069 completely fake, with actors, 978 00:45:24,199 --> 00:45:26,158 in my view, manufactured. 979 00:45:26,245 --> 00:45:28,638 The odd thing is that the promise of the Internet, 980 00:45:28,769 --> 00:45:31,816 which was to be a highly decentralized network 981 00:45:31,903 --> 00:45:33,600 in which everybody would have a voice... 982 00:45:33,731 --> 00:45:35,384 Hello, good morning, good afternoon. 983 00:45:35,515 --> 00:45:37,778 NIALL: Has been greatly betrayed 984 00:45:37,909 --> 00:45:41,086 by the giant companies like Google, Facebook 985 00:45:41,216 --> 00:45:43,479 that now dominate the public sphere. 986 00:45:43,566 --> 00:45:45,960 It's always a shock to discover that there's evil in the world. 987 00:45:46,091 --> 00:45:48,267 But this evil was there before Google, Facebook-- 988 00:45:48,397 --> 00:45:50,965 But it was never so exponentially distributed. 989 00:45:51,096 --> 00:45:53,228 I don't know how, in a world 990 00:45:53,359 --> 00:45:55,535 where humans can upload over and over again 991 00:45:55,665 --> 00:45:58,146 things which are evil, how you can prevent that 992 00:45:58,277 --> 00:46:00,540 without having a censorship regime. 993 00:46:00,627 --> 00:46:03,238 Do you really want to put in government sensors 994 00:46:03,369 --> 00:46:05,545 on what people say? I don't think so. 995 00:46:05,675 --> 00:46:07,765 SMICK: I think Schmidt's offering a false choice. 996 00:46:07,895 --> 00:46:10,593 What if these companies that now edit for content 997 00:46:10,680 --> 00:46:12,552 face the same libel laws asThe New York Times 998 00:46:12,682 --> 00:46:14,728 and other news media outlets? 999 00:46:14,815 --> 00:46:16,164 What if Google and Facebook 1000 00:46:16,295 --> 00:46:18,384 turned down all political advertising 1001 00:46:18,514 --> 00:46:20,125 and turned off the algorithms 1002 00:46:20,255 --> 00:46:21,822 that keep conservatives and liberals 1003 00:46:21,909 --> 00:46:23,476 from ever hearing the other side? 1004 00:46:23,606 --> 00:46:25,826 The American people would avoid a lot of heartache, 1005 00:46:25,957 --> 00:46:27,654 and Google and Facebook 1006 00:46:27,785 --> 00:46:29,656 would still be two of the world's richest companies. 1007 00:46:29,787 --> 00:46:32,398 A lot of people want to destroy our tech companies. 1008 00:46:32,528 --> 00:46:34,095 But does that really make sense, 1009 00:46:34,182 --> 00:46:36,010 given that the Chinese 1010 00:46:36,097 --> 00:46:38,839 are in the process of building up their tech sector? 1011 00:46:38,970 --> 00:46:42,103 But we need reforms. The status quo is unacceptable. 1012 00:46:42,234 --> 00:46:46,499 The notorious trolling boards, such as 4chan and 8chan, 1013 00:46:46,629 --> 00:46:48,718 they were supposed to be bulletin boards 1014 00:46:48,849 --> 00:46:50,895 for unregulated free speech. 1015 00:46:51,025 --> 00:46:53,027 But they actually have become breeding grounds 1016 00:46:53,158 --> 00:46:55,203 for conspiracy theorists, 1017 00:46:55,290 --> 00:46:59,555 manifestos that sometimes lead to violent acts. 1018 00:46:59,642 --> 00:47:01,514 GUARD: Keep going! Run out that way! 1019 00:47:01,601 --> 00:47:03,733 NEWSCASTER: Moments before the mass murder in El Paso, 1020 00:47:03,864 --> 00:47:06,432 the suspect detailed his plans and ideology 1021 00:47:06,519 --> 00:47:08,913 in a post on the Internet forum 8chan, 1022 00:47:09,043 --> 00:47:11,263 a haven for white extremists. 1023 00:47:11,350 --> 00:47:14,527 That diatribe also inspiring an apparent copycat 1024 00:47:14,657 --> 00:47:16,703 who, five weeks later, opened fire 1025 00:47:16,790 --> 00:47:18,400 at a Poway, California, synagogue 1026 00:47:18,531 --> 00:47:20,141 after posting on 8chan. 1027 00:47:22,317 --> 00:47:24,972 GOLDSTEIN: What happened to me... 1028 00:47:25,103 --> 00:47:27,627 it was a fraction of a second. 1029 00:47:31,413 --> 00:47:33,633 I'm heading to wash my hands. 1030 00:47:33,763 --> 00:47:37,724 I listened to the children that were playing behind me, 1031 00:47:37,811 --> 00:47:40,770 and then I hear gunshots, and I turn around, 1032 00:47:40,858 --> 00:47:42,729 and then I see a terrorist 1033 00:47:42,816 --> 00:47:45,819 standing in the lobby of my sanctuary. 1034 00:47:45,906 --> 00:47:49,692 And he's lifting up his AR-15 1035 00:47:49,823 --> 00:47:51,912 to shoot at me. 1036 00:47:52,043 --> 00:47:54,262 And in my mind, whatever happens to me, 1037 00:47:54,393 --> 00:47:56,786 whether he shoots and gets me or not, that's irrelevant. 1038 00:47:56,917 --> 00:47:59,833 I got to go attempt to save the children. 1039 00:47:59,920 --> 00:48:04,272 I knew the chances of me surviving that was almost zero. 1040 00:48:04,403 --> 00:48:06,231 I mean, 15 feet away, 1041 00:48:06,361 --> 00:48:09,190 as I turned to gather the children, 1042 00:48:09,321 --> 00:48:11,236 that's when the bullets ran out. 1043 00:48:11,366 --> 00:48:14,848 Inexplainable how just two fingers got hit. 1044 00:48:14,979 --> 00:48:18,591 Nothing else on my body got harmed. 1045 00:48:18,678 --> 00:48:20,854 But I was able to get the kids out of the room. 1046 00:48:23,422 --> 00:48:25,685 NEWSCASTER: Worshippers describe the heart-stopping moment 1047 00:48:25,815 --> 00:48:28,949 a gunman stormed into a Poway synagogue and opened fire. 1048 00:48:29,080 --> 00:48:31,865 Right now we know that one person was killed, 1049 00:48:31,996 --> 00:48:33,998 three others were injured. 1050 00:48:34,128 --> 00:48:37,523 This all played out on the last day of Passover, 1051 00:48:37,653 --> 00:48:40,482 one of the most holy days of the year for Jews. 1052 00:48:40,613 --> 00:48:43,659 We've built engines of polarization, 1053 00:48:43,790 --> 00:48:46,314 and they now dominate the Internet. 1054 00:48:46,445 --> 00:48:48,490 This is a key reason 1055 00:48:48,621 --> 00:48:52,364 why politics has become so toxic. 1056 00:48:52,494 --> 00:48:55,106 The politicians have become activists, 1057 00:48:55,236 --> 00:48:58,196 and extreme is the new norm. 1058 00:48:58,326 --> 00:48:59,806 You think I don't realize 1059 00:48:59,937 --> 00:49:02,461 that the Democrats are promoting issues 1060 00:49:02,591 --> 00:49:05,333 and drawing things out to keep people mad? 1061 00:49:05,464 --> 00:49:08,554 You think that the Republicans aren't starting fires 1062 00:49:08,684 --> 00:49:10,382 to promote hate in their base? 1063 00:49:10,512 --> 00:49:11,731 [ carnival music ] 1064 00:49:11,818 --> 00:49:14,038 It's like a magic show. 1065 00:49:14,168 --> 00:49:16,257 They are showing us one thing and doing another. 1066 00:49:16,431 --> 00:49:18,390 ♪ 1067 00:49:18,520 --> 00:49:21,219 I think everybody has had repeatedly the conversation, 1068 00:49:21,349 --> 00:49:22,829 "Washington is broken." 1069 00:49:22,960 --> 00:49:24,309 - MAN: Every vote... - Must count! 1070 00:49:24,439 --> 00:49:26,354 Our political system 1071 00:49:26,441 --> 00:49:30,358 essentially puts the voter at the bottom. 1072 00:49:30,489 --> 00:49:33,405 We need to elevate the power of the voter 1073 00:49:33,492 --> 00:49:35,102 as the premier customer 1074 00:49:35,233 --> 00:49:38,279 and make the currency of votes 1075 00:49:38,366 --> 00:49:41,456 more important than the currency of money. 1076 00:49:41,543 --> 00:49:43,719 SMICK: During each election cycle in America, 1077 00:49:43,850 --> 00:49:45,547 a whopping $16 billion 1078 00:49:45,634 --> 00:49:48,637 is funneled to only 19,000 insiders. 1079 00:49:48,768 --> 00:49:50,030 That's about the number of people 1080 00:49:50,161 --> 00:49:52,119 that fit into a basketball arena. 1081 00:49:52,250 --> 00:49:53,903 Why? 1082 00:49:53,991 --> 00:49:57,037 They want access to the largest industry there is-- 1083 00:49:57,168 --> 00:50:00,780 the $4 trillion U.S. federal budget. 1084 00:50:00,910 --> 00:50:04,740 Politics is big money, and it's also dark money. 1085 00:50:04,914 --> 00:50:06,090 - [ thunder rumbles ] - ♪ Ain't there somethin' ♪ 1086 00:50:06,264 --> 00:50:08,179 ♪ That money can't buy? ♪ 1087 00:50:08,309 --> 00:50:10,355 SMICK: Dark money has grabbed the American political system 1088 00:50:10,442 --> 00:50:12,661 by the throat. 1089 00:50:12,748 --> 00:50:16,709 The 2010 Supreme Court decision, Citizens United, 1090 00:50:16,839 --> 00:50:18,667 allows billionaires and corporations 1091 00:50:18,798 --> 00:50:21,235 to spend virtually unlimited amounts 1092 00:50:21,366 --> 00:50:22,541 on indirect support 1093 00:50:22,671 --> 00:50:24,586 of candidates and their causes, 1094 00:50:24,717 --> 00:50:26,632 and they do so anonymously. 1095 00:50:26,806 --> 00:50:28,547 ♪ 1096 00:50:28,634 --> 00:50:30,375 Combine this with the Internet, 1097 00:50:30,505 --> 00:50:32,638 including the deep and dark web, 1098 00:50:32,768 --> 00:50:36,033 where the truth goes missing and hate lurks everywhere, 1099 00:50:36,120 --> 00:50:40,428 and the result is the poisoning of politics in America. 1100 00:50:40,515 --> 00:50:43,431 First Republicans were the dark money masters. 1101 00:50:43,562 --> 00:50:45,607 Now it's both parties. 1102 00:50:45,694 --> 00:50:48,132 Dark money is swamping our politics. 1103 00:50:48,262 --> 00:50:51,048 Is this the day democracy died? 1104 00:50:53,876 --> 00:50:55,835 The risk is that any billionaire or government 1105 00:50:55,965 --> 00:50:57,271 anywhere in the world 1106 00:50:57,402 --> 00:50:59,882 can quietly help decide our elections. 1107 00:51:00,013 --> 00:51:02,798 Foreign governments already use Internet bots and trolls 1108 00:51:02,929 --> 00:51:04,844 to foment division. 1109 00:51:04,974 --> 00:51:08,282 Global criminal syndicates regularly roam the Internet. 1110 00:51:08,456 --> 00:51:10,371 - [ funky music continues ] - ♪ Whose money? ♪ 1111 00:51:10,502 --> 00:51:12,199 SMICK: We are risking the fundamental thing 1112 00:51:12,330 --> 00:51:14,854 that defines us as Americans-- 1113 00:51:14,984 --> 00:51:17,813 the confidence that our elections are legitimate. 1114 00:51:19,946 --> 00:51:21,948 75 years ago during D-Day, 1115 00:51:22,079 --> 00:51:24,472 a lot of brave people sacrificed their lives 1116 00:51:24,603 --> 00:51:26,648 to save our democracy. 1117 00:51:26,779 --> 00:51:29,521 Is this how we repay them, 1118 00:51:29,651 --> 00:51:32,741 putting Congress and the White House up for sale? 1119 00:51:32,872 --> 00:51:35,179 Is there an adult in the room in Washington, D.C. 1120 00:51:35,309 --> 00:51:39,270 willing to say, "Stop this insanity"? 1121 00:51:39,357 --> 00:51:41,489 KATHERINE: Why is there so much money in politics? 1122 00:51:41,620 --> 00:51:42,969 Because it delivers 1123 00:51:43,100 --> 00:51:46,103 a phenomenal return on investment. 1124 00:51:46,233 --> 00:51:47,582 Politicians around money 1125 00:51:47,713 --> 00:51:50,890 are like drug addicts around cocaine. 1126 00:51:51,020 --> 00:51:53,719 We need to have the money come in, 1127 00:51:53,849 --> 00:51:56,765 more from guys like me. 1128 00:51:56,896 --> 00:51:59,855 Why would I care if I pay more taxes now? 1129 00:51:59,986 --> 00:52:01,814 I can afford to pay more, and I should. 1130 00:52:01,944 --> 00:52:03,381 I agree with that. 1131 00:52:03,511 --> 00:52:05,339 But that money should not be used 1132 00:52:05,470 --> 00:52:08,821 for the politicians to enhance their own status 1133 00:52:08,951 --> 00:52:10,562 for the next election. 1134 00:52:10,692 --> 00:52:12,999 That's what this is all about. 1135 00:52:15,088 --> 00:52:18,004 George Washington, in his famous farewell address said, 1136 00:52:18,135 --> 00:52:20,180 "Beware of political parties." 1137 00:52:21,703 --> 00:52:24,053 Political parties are nowhere mentioned 1138 00:52:24,184 --> 00:52:25,881 in the U.S. Constitution. 1139 00:52:25,968 --> 00:52:28,232 [ frenetic music ] 1140 00:52:28,362 --> 00:52:29,320 A person can give 1141 00:52:29,450 --> 00:52:34,542 $847,500 annually 1142 00:52:34,673 --> 00:52:37,893 to either or both of our political parties. 1143 00:52:41,158 --> 00:52:43,029 But someone running as an Independent 1144 00:52:43,160 --> 00:52:47,686 is limited to receiving only $5,400 every two years. 1145 00:52:50,602 --> 00:52:54,214 The parties have colluded to create fundraising rules 1146 00:52:54,345 --> 00:52:56,912 that allow their candidates to receive 1147 00:52:57,043 --> 00:53:00,133 313 times more money 1148 00:53:00,264 --> 00:53:03,005 than an Independent candidate. 1149 00:53:03,136 --> 00:53:06,705 Roughly a third of Americans identify as Independents. 1150 00:53:06,835 --> 00:53:09,186 But to the recent immigrant, there is a mystery. 1151 00:53:09,316 --> 00:53:10,535 And I'm a newly minted American 1152 00:53:10,665 --> 00:53:12,798 who only became a citizen last year. 1153 00:53:12,928 --> 00:53:14,930 Hey, where's the Independent party headquarters? 1154 00:53:15,061 --> 00:53:17,846 Where's the leader of the Independent party? I'd like to join. 1155 00:53:17,933 --> 00:53:21,502 Parties have colluded where the bar is so high 1156 00:53:21,633 --> 00:53:23,591 to be on the presidential debate stage. 1157 00:53:23,722 --> 00:53:25,071 And if an Independent 1158 00:53:25,202 --> 00:53:26,986 can't get on the presidential debate stage, 1159 00:53:27,116 --> 00:53:28,944 that Independent has no chance 1160 00:53:29,075 --> 00:53:31,556 of crossing the finish line in November. 1161 00:53:33,253 --> 00:53:37,605 We have a classic duopoly. There's only two players. 1162 00:53:37,736 --> 00:53:41,130 You've got choice A, Democrats, choice B, Republicans. 1163 00:53:41,261 --> 00:53:43,655 The only thing either side has to do is convince the voter 1164 00:53:43,785 --> 00:53:46,135 to choose them as the lesser of two evils... 1165 00:53:48,050 --> 00:53:52,141 And neither side has to deliver results. 1166 00:53:52,272 --> 00:53:54,492 And this lack of accountability 1167 00:53:54,579 --> 00:53:57,103 is a key reason 1168 00:53:57,234 --> 00:53:59,888 why we have gridlock, drama, and dysfunction 1169 00:54:00,019 --> 00:54:01,803 instead of results in the public interest. 1170 00:54:01,934 --> 00:54:05,677 [ farcical music ] 1171 00:54:05,807 --> 00:54:08,462 SMICK: People think that if their political party wins, 1172 00:54:08,593 --> 00:54:10,595 they'll control Washington forever. 1173 00:54:10,725 --> 00:54:12,988 Of the last 14 presidents, 1174 00:54:13,119 --> 00:54:16,470 7 have been Republican, 7 have been Democrat. 1175 00:54:16,601 --> 00:54:19,473 Presidents Clinton, Obama, and Trump came into office 1176 00:54:19,604 --> 00:54:22,215 controlling both houses of Congress. 1177 00:54:22,346 --> 00:54:24,652 But at the mid-term elections, 1178 00:54:24,783 --> 00:54:28,830 most of the time that majority has been lost. 1179 00:54:28,961 --> 00:54:32,007 Two years later-- back to divided government. 1180 00:54:32,138 --> 00:54:34,009 Control of the U.S. Senate 1181 00:54:34,140 --> 00:54:35,837 has regularly switched back and forth 1182 00:54:35,968 --> 00:54:37,709 every four to six years. 1183 00:54:37,839 --> 00:54:41,321 Voters don't seem to trust either party for very long. 1184 00:54:41,452 --> 00:54:42,931 What does that mean? 1185 00:54:43,062 --> 00:54:45,978 Partisan legislative solutions seldom last. 1186 00:54:46,108 --> 00:54:49,242 The other party comes in and reverses direction. 1187 00:54:49,329 --> 00:54:52,724 Complex politically thorny issues are never addressed. 1188 00:54:52,854 --> 00:54:55,335 The American people lose out. 1189 00:54:55,466 --> 00:54:56,945 KATHERINE: In the United States, 1190 00:54:57,076 --> 00:54:59,774 elections are won with a plurality, 1191 00:54:59,905 --> 00:55:01,863 which means that you just have to have the most votes, 1192 00:55:01,994 --> 00:55:04,039 but you don't really have to have a true majority. 1193 00:55:04,170 --> 00:55:06,781 So in a three-way race, someone could win with 34%, 1194 00:55:06,912 --> 00:55:09,175 which means they won, but it also means 1195 00:55:09,306 --> 00:55:11,699 that 66% of the people preferred someone else. 1196 00:55:11,786 --> 00:55:13,397 The big swing to the Silly Party and, of course, 1197 00:55:13,527 --> 00:55:15,268 the very large swing back to the Sensible Party 1198 00:55:15,399 --> 00:55:16,704 and a tendency to wobble up and down in the middle, 1199 00:55:16,835 --> 00:55:18,402 because the, ah, screw's loose. 1200 00:55:18,532 --> 00:55:20,186 LARRY: The most conservative Republican wins, 1201 00:55:20,317 --> 00:55:22,406 the most liberal Democrat wins, 1202 00:55:22,536 --> 00:55:26,584 and neither one of them has to appeal to the average person. 1203 00:55:26,714 --> 00:55:29,151 FRANCIS: It's crazy that we allow the two political parties 1204 00:55:29,282 --> 00:55:30,892 to manage and run elections. 1205 00:55:31,023 --> 00:55:32,677 They're gonna advantage themselves 1206 00:55:32,807 --> 00:55:35,810 to the extent they can while they're in power. 1207 00:55:37,508 --> 00:55:39,858 KATHERINE: I was talking to a Washington insider, and he said to me, 1208 00:55:39,988 --> 00:55:42,600 "Everybody knows Washington doesn't work for anyone 1209 00:55:42,687 --> 00:55:45,167 except for those of us who work here." 1210 00:55:46,255 --> 00:55:49,215 SMICK: A political system that serves only a few 1211 00:55:49,346 --> 00:55:51,043 is politically unsustainable. 1212 00:55:51,173 --> 00:55:53,654 A lot of the big money in politics 1213 00:55:53,741 --> 00:55:55,961 is used to sow division, to preserve the status quo. 1214 00:55:56,091 --> 00:55:58,267 They don't want change. 1215 00:55:58,355 --> 00:55:59,878 The American people need to ask, 1216 00:56:00,008 --> 00:56:03,098 why do we want money to play this great role 1217 00:56:03,229 --> 00:56:05,057 as a political divider? 1218 00:56:05,144 --> 00:56:06,754 The majority of us, 1219 00:56:06,841 --> 00:56:08,930 on both sides of the political spectrum, 1220 00:56:09,061 --> 00:56:12,325 are tired of this-this angst. 1221 00:56:12,456 --> 00:56:14,066 They're tired of these extremes. 1222 00:56:14,153 --> 00:56:16,895 They're tired of this constant state of polarization. 1223 00:56:17,025 --> 00:56:20,551 We want to make progress. We want to come together. 1224 00:56:20,681 --> 00:56:23,597 But we have to do it in a real way. 1225 00:56:24,772 --> 00:56:27,558 There have been a number of demonstrations in recent months, 1226 00:56:27,688 --> 00:56:29,951 including this one in Charlottesville that turned deadly. 1227 00:56:30,082 --> 00:56:32,606 Now a group is planning what it calls 1228 00:56:32,737 --> 00:56:34,869 the "Mother of all Rallies." 1229 00:56:35,000 --> 00:56:37,176 HAWK: We went to Washington, D.C., 1230 00:56:37,306 --> 00:56:39,134 and we had a reporter in the car. 1231 00:56:39,221 --> 00:56:42,094 He was like, "You remember that Mother of all Rallies is down here." 1232 00:56:42,224 --> 00:56:45,140 So we're like, "Okay, we're gonna go to the Mother of all Rallies." 1233 00:56:45,227 --> 00:56:48,230 [ overlapping shouting, cheering ] 1234 00:56:48,361 --> 00:56:51,320 [ tense music ] 1235 00:56:51,451 --> 00:56:53,322 We get out of the car, we suit up, 1236 00:56:53,453 --> 00:56:56,587 we get our signs and our flags ready. 1237 00:56:56,717 --> 00:56:58,415 We start to march over to the Mall. 1238 00:57:02,114 --> 00:57:04,116 As we're walking up, 1239 00:57:04,246 --> 00:57:06,901 the closer we got to the actual rally, 1240 00:57:07,032 --> 00:57:09,164 we heard people were calling us, 1241 00:57:09,295 --> 00:57:10,514 you know, the N-word. 1242 00:57:15,910 --> 00:57:17,259 As far as I'm concerned, 1243 00:57:17,346 --> 00:57:20,175 black people built America for free, 1244 00:57:20,262 --> 00:57:23,962 so this is as much our country as it is anyone else's. 1245 00:57:24,092 --> 00:57:27,748 But there was one fella who was standing in front of us. 1246 00:57:27,879 --> 00:57:30,098 He said, "Would you like to go onstage?" 1247 00:57:30,229 --> 00:57:33,667 And I kind of look around, survey the group. 1248 00:57:33,754 --> 00:57:35,321 And folks nodded, like, 1249 00:57:35,452 --> 00:57:36,844 "Yeah, let's go up there and let's give it to 'em!" 1250 00:57:36,975 --> 00:57:39,630 CROWD: USA, USA! 1251 00:57:39,760 --> 00:57:42,154 USA, USA! 1252 00:57:42,284 --> 00:57:44,156 HAWK: As we approached the stage, 1253 00:57:44,286 --> 00:57:47,420 people start to gather around us. 1254 00:57:47,551 --> 00:57:50,989 And then the police officers, they were sweating profusely 1255 00:57:51,076 --> 00:57:54,253 because they knew if these people rushed us 1256 00:57:54,383 --> 00:57:56,777 that they're going down with us. 1257 00:57:56,908 --> 00:57:59,171 What a lot of people don't know is, 1258 00:57:59,301 --> 00:58:01,956 we were almost kicked off the stage. 1259 00:58:02,087 --> 00:58:05,220 And this man was, like, "All right, you stand there and line up 1260 00:58:05,351 --> 00:58:07,571 and put your fist in the air." 1261 00:58:07,701 --> 00:58:10,008 And my response was, "Who do you think you're talking to?" 1262 00:58:10,095 --> 00:58:11,923 And he says, "If you don't want to do that, 1263 00:58:12,053 --> 00:58:13,490 then you get offstage." 1264 00:58:13,620 --> 00:58:15,535 MAN: They want to get they spotlight, 1265 00:58:15,666 --> 00:58:17,929 I'm gonna get they spotlight on my spotlight. 1266 00:58:18,016 --> 00:58:20,888 I go on this rant. "I'm not leaving this stage. 1267 00:58:20,975 --> 00:58:22,934 You brought me up here. I'm going to speak." 1268 00:58:23,021 --> 00:58:25,240 And Tommy Gunn says, "No, they came up here, 1269 00:58:25,327 --> 00:58:27,373 they're going to say their piece." 1270 00:58:27,504 --> 00:58:30,071 I'm standing here and letting our presence be felt 1271 00:58:30,202 --> 00:58:34,859 and letting them know that we are in direct opposition 1272 00:58:34,946 --> 00:58:36,817 to everything that they're promoting. 1273 00:58:38,558 --> 00:58:40,647 I was going to go up there-- 1274 00:58:40,778 --> 00:58:44,216 And there's terms we use in the streets called "read them to filth"-- 1275 00:58:44,303 --> 00:58:46,871 it means tell them exactly who they are 1276 00:58:47,001 --> 00:58:48,829 and how we feel about them. 1277 00:58:48,960 --> 00:58:52,964 But it was like the skies open up 1278 00:58:53,051 --> 00:58:54,922 and-and God spoke to me directly. 1279 00:58:55,053 --> 00:58:56,576 I know it sounds crazy, 1280 00:58:56,707 --> 00:59:00,624 but God spoke to me and said, 1281 00:59:00,754 --> 00:59:03,627 "Let them know who you are." 1282 00:59:03,757 --> 00:59:05,716 After months of divisive rhetoric, 1283 00:59:05,803 --> 00:59:08,283 a moment of unity in an unexpected place. 1284 00:59:08,414 --> 00:59:10,024 NEWSCASTER: When members of Black Lives Matter 1285 00:59:10,155 --> 00:59:12,549 went to a rally in D.C., they were prepared to protest. 1286 00:59:12,679 --> 00:59:15,073 But what they did not expect was this. 1287 00:59:15,203 --> 00:59:17,379 We're going to give you two minutes of our platform 1288 00:59:17,510 --> 00:59:19,294 to put your message out. 1289 00:59:19,425 --> 00:59:22,950 Now, whether they disagree or agree with your message is irrelevant. 1290 00:59:23,081 --> 00:59:24,996 It's the fact that you have the right to have the message. 1291 00:59:25,126 --> 00:59:27,520 The first thing out of my mouth was, "I'm an American." 1292 00:59:27,651 --> 00:59:30,262 I am an American! 1293 00:59:30,392 --> 00:59:32,264 [ crowd cheering ] 1294 00:59:32,394 --> 00:59:35,049 They all went crazy. Like, "What do you mean? 1295 00:59:35,180 --> 00:59:37,617 "You're a protestor. You're a civil rights activist. 1296 00:59:37,704 --> 00:59:39,619 "You're a self-proclaimed liberator. 1297 00:59:39,750 --> 00:59:41,578 You love America?" 1298 00:59:41,708 --> 00:59:43,667 Yes! I love America! 1299 00:59:43,797 --> 00:59:47,409 And the beauty of America 1300 00:59:47,540 --> 00:59:51,370 is that when you see something broke in your country, 1301 00:59:51,457 --> 00:59:54,068 you can mobilize to fix it! 1302 00:59:54,155 --> 00:59:56,070 [ stirring music ] 1303 00:59:56,201 --> 00:59:58,246 And now they're clapping. They're going. 1304 00:59:58,377 --> 01:00:02,076 So when you see a man murdered, 1305 01:00:02,207 --> 01:00:06,080 choked to death after he calls for his life 11 times 1306 01:00:06,211 --> 01:00:09,301 and nothing happens, you have to do something about that. 1307 01:00:09,388 --> 01:00:11,956 And then there was, like, this awkward 1308 01:00:12,086 --> 01:00:14,611 "I can't believe I'm clapping for this guy." 1309 01:00:14,741 --> 01:00:19,006 We say, "If a cop is bad, he needs to get fired 1310 01:00:19,137 --> 01:00:22,836 like a bad lawyer, like a bad [ bleep ] politician!" 1311 01:00:22,923 --> 01:00:24,664 [ crowd cheering ] 1312 01:00:24,795 --> 01:00:26,840 "You know, this is not what I believe in, 1313 01:00:26,971 --> 01:00:29,103 but he's kind of right." 1314 01:00:29,234 --> 01:00:31,584 Secondly, I said, "I'm a Christian." 1315 01:00:31,671 --> 01:00:33,847 "Raahhr!" Everybody's going crazy. 1316 01:00:33,978 --> 01:00:35,501 [ loud cheering ] 1317 01:00:35,632 --> 01:00:38,504 I don't think my Bible is any different from yours 1318 01:00:38,635 --> 01:00:42,247 when it says, "Love thy neighbor"! 1319 01:00:42,334 --> 01:00:45,598 What I really wanted was to show these folks 1320 01:00:45,729 --> 01:00:46,904 there are two guiding principles 1321 01:00:47,034 --> 01:00:48,514 that we both have in common, 1322 01:00:48,601 --> 01:00:51,735 which are the Bible and the Constitution. 1323 01:00:51,865 --> 01:00:54,694 [ cheers and applause ] 1324 01:00:58,480 --> 01:00:59,960 I think we made progress. 1325 01:01:00,091 --> 01:01:02,702 I don't think that activists 1326 01:01:02,833 --> 01:01:05,270 received the message well. 1327 01:01:05,400 --> 01:01:08,882 I don't think that politicians received the message well. 1328 01:01:09,013 --> 01:01:13,060 But Americans, they saw that as a coming together 1329 01:01:13,191 --> 01:01:16,107 to find common ground, and they appreciated that. 1330 01:01:16,237 --> 01:01:19,937 At some point, we're going to have to talk 1331 01:01:20,067 --> 01:01:21,895 to the other side. 1332 01:01:22,026 --> 01:01:26,813 And, I mean, the rest is, I guess, viral history, right? 1333 01:01:26,944 --> 01:01:29,424 SMICK: I don't believe we're born haters. 1334 01:01:29,555 --> 01:01:31,949 Hate is something we learn. 1335 01:01:32,079 --> 01:01:34,342 And it can be unlearned. 1336 01:01:34,473 --> 01:01:38,085 The opposite of hatred and anger is not love. 1337 01:01:38,216 --> 01:01:40,305 The opposite of hatred is empathy. 1338 01:01:40,435 --> 01:01:42,263 Now, back to your story-- 1339 01:01:42,394 --> 01:01:44,744 you decided to go to New College. 1340 01:01:44,875 --> 01:01:47,747 So what's the one big thing you learned 1341 01:01:47,834 --> 01:01:51,098 from your experience of breaking away? 1342 01:01:51,229 --> 01:01:54,101 DEREK: When I showed up to this little liberal arts college, 1343 01:01:54,232 --> 01:01:56,495 at first, no one knew my background. 1344 01:01:56,582 --> 01:01:59,803 I was still doing a radio show in the morning with my dad. 1345 01:01:59,933 --> 01:02:01,674 Nobody happened to Google me. 1346 01:02:01,805 --> 01:02:04,198 It was only in the second semester where it came out, 1347 01:02:04,329 --> 01:02:06,113 and it became an enormous controversy 1348 01:02:06,244 --> 01:02:08,028 on this little campus. 1349 01:02:08,115 --> 01:02:11,118 People who I'd made friends with felt really betrayed. 1350 01:02:11,249 --> 01:02:12,337 But the next thing I did 1351 01:02:12,424 --> 01:02:14,861 was start attending a Shabbat dinner 1352 01:02:14,948 --> 01:02:17,821 from a practicing Orthodox Jewish student 1353 01:02:17,951 --> 01:02:19,126 who lived next to me. 1354 01:02:19,257 --> 01:02:20,954 I went just because 1355 01:02:21,085 --> 01:02:23,609 there weren't that many social invitations. 1356 01:02:23,696 --> 01:02:26,046 And what was unexpected is that I kept coming back. 1357 01:02:26,177 --> 01:02:27,569 [ soft music ] 1358 01:02:27,700 --> 01:02:30,311 His dinners were very diverse, 1359 01:02:30,442 --> 01:02:33,750 and that was a space where we were able to talk. 1360 01:02:33,880 --> 01:02:36,883 My ideology said that they didn't belong in the country. 1361 01:02:37,014 --> 01:02:40,234 Having to reconcile that was extremely difficult for them, 1362 01:02:40,365 --> 01:02:42,976 and also keep in mind this wasn't a couple of weeks. 1363 01:02:43,107 --> 01:02:45,326 It was years of engagement. 1364 01:02:45,500 --> 01:02:47,764 ♪ 1365 01:02:47,894 --> 01:02:49,026 TREVOR: From the very beginning, 1366 01:02:49,156 --> 01:02:53,160 you were taught to think a certain way. 1367 01:02:53,291 --> 01:02:55,075 How do you even begin the journey 1368 01:02:55,162 --> 01:02:56,860 of starting to think differently? 1369 01:02:57,034 --> 01:02:59,340 ♪ 1370 01:02:59,427 --> 01:03:01,647 DEREK: Leaving a community and a whole ideology 1371 01:03:01,778 --> 01:03:03,344 that felt very central to my life 1372 01:03:03,475 --> 01:03:05,129 was extremely difficult. 1373 01:03:05,216 --> 01:03:09,089 Condemning it meant condemning everybody who was in my life. 1374 01:03:09,220 --> 01:03:11,396 It was not changing my mind that was so hard. 1375 01:03:11,526 --> 01:03:13,006 It was changing community. 1376 01:03:13,093 --> 01:03:14,703 ♪ 1377 01:03:14,791 --> 01:03:16,270 It was not clear whether there was 1378 01:03:16,401 --> 01:03:18,142 any sort of family relationship 1379 01:03:18,272 --> 01:03:20,579 beyond the ideology for a long time. 1380 01:03:22,799 --> 01:03:24,539 David Duke was committed to the idea 1381 01:03:24,670 --> 01:03:26,237 that it was Stockholm syndrome 1382 01:03:26,367 --> 01:03:30,197 because I had been among lefty, anti-racists for too long. 1383 01:03:30,328 --> 01:03:32,896 I think over time, my family came to recognize 1384 01:03:33,026 --> 01:03:35,594 that I could be the same person 1385 01:03:35,724 --> 01:03:38,945 and have realized how we were wrong. 1386 01:03:39,119 --> 01:03:41,818 ♪ 1387 01:03:41,905 --> 01:03:46,083 I think community is the essential element. 1388 01:03:46,213 --> 01:03:47,606 People don't change their minds 1389 01:03:47,736 --> 01:03:49,826 because you throw facts at them. 1390 01:03:49,956 --> 01:03:51,088 People change their minds 1391 01:03:51,218 --> 01:03:53,481 because their community changes, 1392 01:03:53,568 --> 01:03:57,268 because the people that are important to them change. 1393 01:03:59,400 --> 01:04:01,098 So now not only are you not racist, 1394 01:04:01,228 --> 01:04:03,056 your last name is Black, which... 1395 01:04:03,143 --> 01:04:05,145 - [ laughter ] - Is like an added... 1396 01:04:05,276 --> 01:04:07,060 is like an added part of the story. 1397 01:04:07,147 --> 01:04:09,454 The most satisfying kind of connections are not bonds, 1398 01:04:09,584 --> 01:04:12,892 they're bridges where we find the common story between us, 1399 01:04:13,023 --> 01:04:14,938 despite our differences. 1400 01:04:15,068 --> 01:04:17,288 Bonding can actually lead to in-groups and out-groups. 1401 01:04:17,418 --> 01:04:19,507 The bridging commonalities 1402 01:04:19,638 --> 01:04:23,468 are so much more satisfying on a deep, human level 1403 01:04:23,598 --> 01:04:26,558 and leads to an enduringly good and healthy and strong society. 1404 01:04:26,645 --> 01:04:28,734 [ light music ] 1405 01:04:28,865 --> 01:04:31,563 America is a country where the idea was 1406 01:04:31,693 --> 01:04:33,521 that the national identity, 1407 01:04:33,652 --> 01:04:36,046 the glue that held everybody together, 1408 01:04:36,176 --> 01:04:37,656 was going to be a document. 1409 01:04:37,786 --> 01:04:39,136 It was going to be adherence 1410 01:04:39,266 --> 01:04:41,138 to the principles in the Constitution. 1411 01:04:41,268 --> 01:04:42,922 SMICK: The rights granted by the Constitution 1412 01:04:43,053 --> 01:04:44,402 are unique and precious. 1413 01:04:44,532 --> 01:04:46,795 The rule of law was largely responsible 1414 01:04:46,926 --> 01:04:50,277 for making America the dominant economy in the world. 1415 01:04:50,364 --> 01:04:53,585 Even if the other party takes over, your rights endure-- 1416 01:04:53,715 --> 01:04:56,457 the right of ownership and to express your opinion. 1417 01:04:56,588 --> 01:04:59,808 You can't say that about some other countries. 1418 01:04:59,896 --> 01:05:01,636 What's unique about our Constitution 1419 01:05:01,723 --> 01:05:03,551 is that it basically said 1420 01:05:03,682 --> 01:05:08,208 that this country is open to anyone of any race, 1421 01:05:08,339 --> 01:05:10,994 any background, any ethnicity, any religion 1422 01:05:11,124 --> 01:05:12,778 who was willing to subscribe 1423 01:05:12,909 --> 01:05:14,519 to the principles of the Constitution. 1424 01:05:14,649 --> 01:05:17,739 I am often not happy with my country, 1425 01:05:17,826 --> 01:05:20,481 but I'm happy that we have the ability 1426 01:05:20,612 --> 01:05:23,354 to voice our opinions in this country, 1427 01:05:23,441 --> 01:05:25,791 to assemble in this country. 1428 01:05:25,922 --> 01:05:29,012 SMICK: We desperately need to teach civics in our schools. 1429 01:05:29,099 --> 01:05:31,101 The Constitution doesn't limit our rights. 1430 01:05:31,188 --> 01:05:33,059 It's the reason we have those rights. 1431 01:05:33,190 --> 01:05:35,932 The Constitution protects minority rights in particular. 1432 01:05:36,062 --> 01:05:38,195 It brings reason to the national debate. 1433 01:05:38,325 --> 01:05:39,674 Look around the world 1434 01:05:39,805 --> 01:05:41,850 at countries that rely on emotional will, 1435 01:05:41,981 --> 01:05:44,636 the will of extremist mobs, to make decisions. 1436 01:05:44,766 --> 01:05:46,333 It's pretty ugly. 1437 01:05:46,420 --> 01:05:49,293 And their economies are ugly, too. 1438 01:05:49,423 --> 01:05:50,729 If you're a new immigrant, 1439 01:05:50,859 --> 01:05:52,861 you're required to take a citizenship test. 1440 01:05:52,992 --> 01:05:54,428 That means you have to show 1441 01:05:54,559 --> 01:05:55,952 your understanding of the Constitution 1442 01:05:56,082 --> 01:05:58,432 and our basic form of government. 1443 01:05:58,563 --> 01:06:02,784 Why not have every high-school graduate pass a similar test? 1444 01:06:02,871 --> 01:06:05,918 It could be pass-fail, but it's part of the history curriculum. 1445 01:06:08,181 --> 01:06:09,661 AMY: What I worry about today 1446 01:06:09,748 --> 01:06:13,839 is that you're seeing attack on the Constitution now 1447 01:06:13,926 --> 01:06:16,929 coming from both the left and the right. 1448 01:06:17,016 --> 01:06:21,368 The Constitutional Convention was built on compromise. 1449 01:06:21,499 --> 01:06:24,284 The Constitution was only ratified because of compromise, 1450 01:06:24,415 --> 01:06:27,984 and the framers believed that the reason to slow down deliberation, 1451 01:06:28,114 --> 01:06:30,334 so that people could be guided by reason rather than passion, 1452 01:06:30,464 --> 01:06:33,206 was to allow compromise to prevail. 1453 01:06:33,293 --> 01:06:35,687 [ stirring music ] 1454 01:06:35,817 --> 01:06:37,950 NEWSCASTER: Five hours after the House passes the measure, 1455 01:06:38,081 --> 01:06:40,474 the Civil Rights Act of 1964 1456 01:06:40,605 --> 01:06:43,477 is signed at the White House by President Johnson 1457 01:06:43,608 --> 01:06:46,132 before an audience of legislators and civil rights leaders 1458 01:06:46,263 --> 01:06:48,917 who have labored long and hard for passage of the bill. 1459 01:06:49,048 --> 01:06:51,268 There's warm applause from members of both parties 1460 01:06:51,398 --> 01:06:53,096 as the President sets to work. 1461 01:06:53,226 --> 01:06:55,489 SMICK: There are examples of tremendous efforts 1462 01:06:55,620 --> 01:06:57,056 at bipartisanship. 1463 01:06:57,187 --> 01:07:00,407 In 1983, when Ronald Reagan was president, 1464 01:07:00,538 --> 01:07:03,019 the Social Security system was going broke. 1465 01:07:03,106 --> 01:07:05,238 Everybody said, there's no way 1466 01:07:05,369 --> 01:07:08,067 Republicans and Democrats will get together. 1467 01:07:08,198 --> 01:07:10,461 It's not gonna happen. It happened. 1468 01:07:10,591 --> 01:07:13,072 Take whatever problem you have, 1469 01:07:13,159 --> 01:07:15,727 and Jim Baker you put out to solve it-- 1470 01:07:15,857 --> 01:07:17,729 it got solved. 1471 01:07:17,859 --> 01:07:20,166 JAMES: We were fortunate in 1983 1472 01:07:20,253 --> 01:07:22,299 that we were able to touch the third rail 1473 01:07:22,429 --> 01:07:24,779 of American politics, Social Security, 1474 01:07:24,910 --> 01:07:26,781 and do it on a bipartisan basis 1475 01:07:26,868 --> 01:07:30,394 with two really strongly ideological leaders 1476 01:07:30,524 --> 01:07:32,787 of each party, Tip O'Neill of the Democrats 1477 01:07:32,918 --> 01:07:35,312 and Ronald Reagan of the Republicans. 1478 01:07:35,399 --> 01:07:37,357 Political disagreements-- 1479 01:07:37,488 --> 01:07:39,664 Sure, I said some things about Tip, 1480 01:07:39,794 --> 01:07:41,970 and Tip said some things about me, 1481 01:07:42,058 --> 01:07:44,016 but that's all history. 1482 01:07:44,147 --> 01:07:46,192 And anyway, you know how it is-- 1483 01:07:46,323 --> 01:07:48,760 - I forget. - [ laughter ] 1484 01:07:48,890 --> 01:07:52,546 ALICE: I'm a veteran of the 1990s 1485 01:07:52,677 --> 01:07:56,550 successful effort to balance the budget. 1486 01:07:56,681 --> 01:07:58,944 By golly, we're gonna balance that budget. 1487 01:07:59,031 --> 01:08:02,295 And, Alice Rivlin, did that-- I see skepticism. 1488 01:08:02,426 --> 01:08:04,776 That was a bipartisan effort. 1489 01:08:04,906 --> 01:08:08,345 The first President Bush gets a lot of credit for it. 1490 01:08:08,432 --> 01:08:10,782 Bill Clinton gets a lot of credit for it. 1491 01:08:10,912 --> 01:08:13,393 Newt Gingrich gets a lot of credit. 1492 01:08:13,480 --> 01:08:15,047 RAHM: Gingrich and the Republicans in the House 1493 01:08:15,178 --> 01:08:16,788 have presented pediatric care-- 1494 01:08:16,918 --> 01:08:19,007 no eye and dental-- but outside of Medicaid. 1495 01:08:19,138 --> 01:08:21,706 And Bill Clinton's health care was pediatric, eye, and dental 1496 01:08:21,793 --> 01:08:25,405 by expanding Medicaid into kids whose parents worked. 1497 01:08:25,492 --> 01:08:27,233 We made compromises. 1498 01:08:27,364 --> 01:08:29,409 A lot of people in the Democratic party hated that deal. 1499 01:08:29,540 --> 01:08:30,845 It created the political space 1500 01:08:30,976 --> 01:08:32,586 to get a health-care deal done. 1501 01:08:32,717 --> 01:08:36,373 Purists in the party got-- we sold out. 1502 01:08:36,503 --> 01:08:38,984 On the other hand, today they're defending the package, 1503 01:08:39,071 --> 01:08:42,553 but back then, we were nothing but slime-bag whores. 1504 01:08:42,683 --> 01:08:46,078 Pragmatism should not be a dirty word. 1505 01:08:46,209 --> 01:08:48,646 The responsible center in American politics 1506 01:08:48,776 --> 01:08:50,387 is disappearing. 1507 01:08:50,474 --> 01:08:52,606 That is a real problem, 1508 01:08:52,737 --> 01:08:56,480 because it is from the center that we get things done. 1509 01:08:56,567 --> 01:08:58,830 It is from the center that we govern. 1510 01:08:58,960 --> 01:09:02,399 [ quiet music ] 1511 01:09:02,529 --> 01:09:03,791 There are a lot of ingredients 1512 01:09:03,878 --> 01:09:05,663 that go into a successful economy. 1513 01:09:05,750 --> 01:09:08,970 But one of them is a political system 1514 01:09:09,057 --> 01:09:10,929 that works. 1515 01:09:11,016 --> 01:09:14,672 If you go back and examine the period of Ronald Reagan 1516 01:09:14,802 --> 01:09:16,630 and Bill Clinton, 1517 01:09:16,761 --> 01:09:19,024 those were the years where, when they had no other choice, 1518 01:09:19,111 --> 01:09:22,680 both parties were willing to compromise to get things done. 1519 01:09:22,810 --> 01:09:27,424 The economy grew at 3.8% per year, on average. 1520 01:09:27,554 --> 01:09:29,034 It may be coincidental, 1521 01:09:29,165 --> 01:09:31,645 but compare the years after that 1522 01:09:31,776 --> 01:09:34,474 of George W. Bush and Barack Obama, 1523 01:09:34,605 --> 01:09:36,737 in which compromise seldom happened. 1524 01:09:36,824 --> 01:09:39,436 The economy grew at half that rate-- 1525 01:09:39,523 --> 01:09:42,352 1.88%. 1526 01:09:42,482 --> 01:09:44,397 There are some things 1527 01:09:44,528 --> 01:09:47,879 that have been accomplished constructively 1528 01:09:48,009 --> 01:09:49,794 on a bipartisan basis. 1529 01:09:49,924 --> 01:09:53,624 We're here today to begin debate 1530 01:09:53,754 --> 01:09:55,147 on a piece of legislation 1531 01:09:55,278 --> 01:09:58,977 called the "First Step Act of 2018." 1532 01:09:59,107 --> 01:10:00,935 This happens to be 1533 01:10:01,022 --> 01:10:03,895 the most significant criminal justice reform bill 1534 01:10:04,025 --> 01:10:06,376 in a generation. 1535 01:10:06,506 --> 01:10:10,815 SMICK: The crime bill was an effort to ease up on the 1990 reforms 1536 01:10:10,945 --> 01:10:12,947 that led to the incarceration 1537 01:10:13,078 --> 01:10:16,821 of large segments of America's young, black male population. 1538 01:10:16,951 --> 01:10:18,692 It's called the First Step Act, 1539 01:10:18,823 --> 01:10:22,218 which said black people are incarcerated at higher rates 1540 01:10:22,305 --> 01:10:24,045 than white people for the same crimes. 1541 01:10:24,132 --> 01:10:26,091 They have longer jail sentences. 1542 01:10:26,222 --> 01:10:29,312 People realize that such high rates of incarceration 1543 01:10:29,442 --> 01:10:31,836 weren't keeping a safer society, 1544 01:10:31,923 --> 01:10:36,449 were a moral blight in terms of discrimination, 1545 01:10:36,580 --> 01:10:38,451 and were an enormous economic burden. 1546 01:10:38,582 --> 01:10:39,844 This is not a partisan issue. 1547 01:10:39,974 --> 01:10:41,541 Republicans and Democrats both agree 1548 01:10:41,628 --> 01:10:43,804 that you should not go to prison 1549 01:10:43,935 --> 01:10:46,372 based upon how much money you have. 1550 01:10:46,459 --> 01:10:48,287 The Senate overwhelmingly passed 1551 01:10:48,418 --> 01:10:50,724 a criminal justice reform bill on Tuesday night. 1552 01:10:50,855 --> 01:10:52,248 Right now you're witnessing history 1553 01:10:52,335 --> 01:10:53,510 on the floor of the U.S. Senate. 1554 01:10:53,640 --> 01:10:56,339 It is a Christmas miracle under way. 1555 01:10:56,469 --> 01:10:58,515 NEWSCASTER: The First Step Act, as it is known, 1556 01:10:58,645 --> 01:11:00,778 would change sentencing laws, 1557 01:11:00,865 --> 01:11:03,520 establish more early-release programs, 1558 01:11:03,607 --> 01:11:07,001 and expand job training meant to reduce recidivism. 1559 01:11:07,132 --> 01:11:10,135 CHUCK: None of us expected an 87 to 12 vote. 1560 01:11:10,266 --> 01:11:12,050 When people trust each other, 1561 01:11:12,180 --> 01:11:16,184 you can sit down and, uh, get legislation, uh, 1562 01:11:16,315 --> 01:11:18,186 that's good for the country. 1563 01:11:18,317 --> 01:11:19,753 The net result of it last night 1564 01:11:19,840 --> 01:11:22,321 is nothing short of an historic vote. 1565 01:11:22,452 --> 01:11:24,715 Although it was a difficult negotiation session, 1566 01:11:24,845 --> 01:11:27,326 what we came out with in the end was a good bill. 1567 01:11:27,457 --> 01:11:29,720 And in many ways, it was made better by the fact 1568 01:11:29,850 --> 01:11:31,461 that we had reached out to someone 1569 01:11:31,591 --> 01:11:33,680 who initially didn't share our view at all. 1570 01:11:33,811 --> 01:11:35,334 You've got literally 1571 01:11:35,465 --> 01:11:37,162 the National Association of Manufacturers, 1572 01:11:37,293 --> 01:11:39,643 Fox News, and Sean Hannity on the same page 1573 01:11:39,773 --> 01:11:44,169 with Nancy Pelosi, Cory Booker, the ACLU, cut50. 1574 01:11:44,300 --> 01:11:46,519 Something beautiful is happening. 1575 01:11:46,650 --> 01:11:50,828 It was the product of a long period 1576 01:11:50,958 --> 01:11:54,353 of discussion, deliberation, and negotiation 1577 01:11:54,440 --> 01:11:56,312 involving both political parties. 1578 01:11:56,442 --> 01:11:59,837 LARRY: We've got to elect leaders who are committed 1579 01:11:59,924 --> 01:12:03,884 to look at evidence, analyze, debate, 1580 01:12:04,015 --> 01:12:06,757 and ultimately compromise. 1581 01:12:06,887 --> 01:12:09,107 Why can't every day on Capitol Hill be Christmas? 1582 01:12:12,023 --> 01:12:14,895 The answer is that to compromise, 1583 01:12:15,026 --> 01:12:16,375 you have to give up something. 1584 01:12:16,506 --> 01:12:18,551 Too many people are afraid of compromise 1585 01:12:18,682 --> 01:12:20,684 'cause they feel that the other side 1586 01:12:20,814 --> 01:12:22,250 is not willing to give up anything, 1587 01:12:22,381 --> 01:12:24,296 so they're going to be looked at as the sucker. 1588 01:12:26,254 --> 01:12:27,691 So how do we get out of this? 1589 01:12:27,821 --> 01:12:29,823 We need to champion the politicians 1590 01:12:29,954 --> 01:12:32,391 who are willing to come together 1591 01:12:32,522 --> 01:12:34,654 and reach bipartisan solutions. 1592 01:12:36,047 --> 01:12:38,223 The House will be in order. 1593 01:12:38,354 --> 01:12:40,704 SMICK: There is a myth that nothing can pass Congress. 1594 01:12:40,791 --> 01:12:43,794 Yet there are a number of proposals that would pass 1595 01:12:43,924 --> 01:12:46,405 if simply put to a vote. 1596 01:12:46,536 --> 01:12:50,104 When you basically consign the bottom 25% of society 1597 01:12:50,235 --> 01:12:52,411 to substandard schools 1598 01:12:52,542 --> 01:12:55,936 and to earning less than their marginal value product 1599 01:12:56,067 --> 01:12:58,461 and to being on, basically, public assistance, 1600 01:12:58,591 --> 01:12:59,853 you've said, "We don't need them." 1601 01:12:59,940 --> 01:13:01,681 Well, we do need them. 1602 01:13:01,812 --> 01:13:05,293 You need every oar in the water in the modern world economy. 1603 01:13:07,339 --> 01:13:08,819 SMICK: You know, sometimes higher paying jobs 1604 01:13:08,949 --> 01:13:10,298 are in one part of the country 1605 01:13:10,386 --> 01:13:13,258 and the potential employees in another. 1606 01:13:13,345 --> 01:13:15,347 So why not provide federal vouchers 1607 01:13:15,478 --> 01:13:18,306 for average working families to help with the moving expenses 1608 01:13:18,437 --> 01:13:21,571 so they can take these jobs? 1609 01:13:21,701 --> 01:13:23,964 Let's have Wall Street private equity firms 1610 01:13:24,095 --> 01:13:26,750 give up their absurd carried interest tax break 1611 01:13:26,880 --> 01:13:29,100 and then use that extra revenue 1612 01:13:29,187 --> 01:13:30,754 to really build up the middle class 1613 01:13:30,884 --> 01:13:33,670 by expanding a provision in the tax code 1614 01:13:33,757 --> 01:13:35,715 called the Earned Income Credit. 1615 01:13:35,802 --> 01:13:38,675 ♪ 1616 01:13:38,762 --> 01:13:41,939 The first step to reforming capitalism is quite simple-- 1617 01:13:42,026 --> 01:13:44,420 make a lot more average folk capitalists. 1618 01:13:44,507 --> 01:13:46,857 [ babies crying ] 1619 01:13:46,944 --> 01:13:49,120 Let's make every child at birth a capitalist. 1620 01:13:49,207 --> 01:13:52,253 Set up an investment account and a stock index fund 1621 01:13:52,384 --> 01:13:54,865 with a $5,000 low-interest-rate loan. 1622 01:13:54,952 --> 01:13:57,389 Not a handout--a loan. 1623 01:13:57,520 --> 01:13:59,957 And then as they get older, let them add to the account 1624 01:14:00,044 --> 01:14:01,915 and use some of it for education. 1625 01:14:02,046 --> 01:14:04,004 Pay it back in 50 to 60 years. 1626 01:14:04,135 --> 01:14:05,745 By then, that account could easily reach 1627 01:14:05,876 --> 01:14:07,878 half a million dollars or more. 1628 01:14:08,008 --> 01:14:09,662 Let these kids experience 1629 01:14:09,793 --> 01:14:12,056 the same miracle of financial compounding 1630 01:14:12,186 --> 01:14:13,927 that made Warren Buffett rich. 1631 01:14:14,058 --> 01:14:18,323 I admit it--I have a bias in favor of startups. 1632 01:14:18,410 --> 01:14:21,935 They are essential to raising the level of social mobility. 1633 01:14:22,066 --> 01:14:25,112 Companies are incubators for new ideas. 1634 01:14:25,243 --> 01:14:27,245 It's a continuous series of reinvention 1635 01:14:27,332 --> 01:14:29,116 based on innovation. 1636 01:14:29,247 --> 01:14:31,249 That's the nature of a dynamic economy. 1637 01:14:31,379 --> 01:14:34,339 That's the economy that produces opportunity. 1638 01:14:34,470 --> 01:14:37,255 Startups are also the great equalizer. 1639 01:14:37,342 --> 01:14:39,649 I mean, women today are at the forefront 1640 01:14:39,779 --> 01:14:42,129 in reinventing the American economy. 1641 01:14:42,260 --> 01:14:44,915 I love startups for one other reason: 1642 01:14:45,002 --> 01:14:47,178 they start up in America. 1643 01:14:47,308 --> 01:14:49,485 Multinational corporations create jobs, 1644 01:14:49,615 --> 01:14:51,791 but a lot of them are overseas. 1645 01:14:51,922 --> 01:14:53,967 When the person starts a company, 1646 01:14:54,098 --> 01:14:56,753 it's less a matter of the head than it is of the heart, 1647 01:14:56,883 --> 01:14:58,972 because the head would tell you it's too risky. 1648 01:14:59,059 --> 01:15:02,628 But the heart says, "I have this desire to create. 1649 01:15:02,759 --> 01:15:04,369 "I have an idea. 1650 01:15:04,456 --> 01:15:07,720 I will risk everything to have this business succeed." 1651 01:15:07,851 --> 01:15:10,375 That's what free market capitalism is all about. 1652 01:15:10,506 --> 01:15:13,334 We cannot have a corporate sector 1653 01:15:13,421 --> 01:15:17,295 with huge political connections shut down this process. 1654 01:15:17,425 --> 01:15:21,342 There needs to be a huge moral element to capitalism. 1655 01:15:21,473 --> 01:15:23,562 Capitalism was originally designed 1656 01:15:23,649 --> 01:15:27,523 for the betterment of mankind using the competitive process. 1657 01:15:29,350 --> 01:15:32,440 It was not, get yours and forget everybody else. 1658 01:15:32,571 --> 01:15:34,268 It's mine, you understand? Mine. 1659 01:15:34,399 --> 01:15:35,835 All mine! Get back in there! 1660 01:15:35,966 --> 01:15:38,359 Down, down, down, go, go, go, mine, mine, mine! 1661 01:15:38,490 --> 01:15:40,187 [ chortling ] 1662 01:15:42,015 --> 01:15:44,235 In America, attacking billionaires has become 1663 01:15:44,365 --> 01:15:47,151 the new national pastime, and with good reason. 1664 01:15:47,238 --> 01:15:51,895 I know some billionaires who are incredibly greedy bastards. 1665 01:15:52,025 --> 01:15:55,551 MAN: Go back to Davos with the other billionaire elite 1666 01:15:55,681 --> 01:15:58,466 who think they know how to run the world! 1667 01:15:58,597 --> 01:16:01,687 - That's not what democracy means! - [ crowd booing ] 1668 01:16:02,732 --> 01:16:04,472 SMICK: But other contributions to society-- 1669 01:16:04,603 --> 01:16:05,952 using their wealth 1670 01:16:06,083 --> 01:16:08,738 to eradicate entire diseases worldwide. 1671 01:16:08,868 --> 01:16:12,568 Inequality is a problem that desperately needs to be addressed, 1672 01:16:12,698 --> 01:16:14,613 but it's important that our politicians 1673 01:16:14,744 --> 01:16:16,833 don't demonize success. 1674 01:16:16,963 --> 01:16:18,791 It takes a lot of nerve to start a company. 1675 01:16:18,878 --> 01:16:20,924 It takes incredible talent 1676 01:16:21,054 --> 01:16:23,579 to make it a world-class success and jobs producer. 1677 01:16:25,406 --> 01:16:27,365 It's easy to see wildly successful people 1678 01:16:27,495 --> 01:16:30,107 and think they're superheroes with special powers. 1679 01:16:30,194 --> 01:16:33,632 They're just people with extraordinary visions. 1680 01:16:33,763 --> 01:16:36,330 Plus, they have the nerve and the courage 1681 01:16:36,461 --> 01:16:38,419 to actualize those visions. 1682 01:16:38,550 --> 01:16:42,598 KEN: I sleep so well at night, in spite of the fact 1683 01:16:42,685 --> 01:16:45,078 that I became very financially successful. 1684 01:16:45,209 --> 01:16:47,994 NEWSCASTER: Business icon Ken Langone 1685 01:16:48,125 --> 01:16:49,692 is onForbes Magazine's 1686 01:16:49,779 --> 01:16:51,563 list of the richest people in the world. 1687 01:16:51,694 --> 01:16:53,957 NEWSCASTER 2: Ken Langone is a legend on Wall Street 1688 01:16:54,087 --> 01:16:56,176 and throughout the business community. 1689 01:16:56,307 --> 01:16:59,876 LESLEY: Ken Langone made his fortune as a cofounder of Home Depot. 1690 01:17:00,006 --> 01:17:02,052 WOMAN: Who better to discuss 1691 01:17:02,182 --> 01:17:06,709 if the American dream is alive and well than Ken Langone? 1692 01:17:06,839 --> 01:17:09,973 KEN: I was born to a wonderful family, a loving family. 1693 01:17:10,060 --> 01:17:12,932 My father was a plumber, and he went to the eighth grade. 1694 01:17:13,063 --> 01:17:14,325 My mother worked in a school cafeteria, 1695 01:17:14,455 --> 01:17:15,718 and she went to the seventh grade. 1696 01:17:15,848 --> 01:17:18,285 Great values, great example, 1697 01:17:18,416 --> 01:17:21,071 great work ethic, 1698 01:17:21,201 --> 01:17:23,334 but always struggled financially. 1699 01:17:23,464 --> 01:17:26,076 I wake up every morning with a fear of going broke. 1700 01:17:27,904 --> 01:17:31,298 Don't ask me why. It's totally irrational. 1701 01:17:31,429 --> 01:17:33,344 But it's there. 1702 01:17:33,474 --> 01:17:36,216 [ quiet music ] 1703 01:17:36,347 --> 01:17:39,742 I had a burning desire to not be poor. 1704 01:17:41,395 --> 01:17:43,876 I liked to work. I enjoyed working. 1705 01:17:43,963 --> 01:17:45,791 ♪ 1706 01:17:45,922 --> 01:17:48,446 I worked in construction, 1707 01:17:48,533 --> 01:17:50,970 delivered newspapers, 1708 01:17:51,101 --> 01:17:54,104 collected cardboard, worked at a butcher shop. 1709 01:17:54,234 --> 01:17:57,020 I sold beer, I dug ditches, caddied, 1710 01:17:57,107 --> 01:17:59,152 I gave out cigarettes for R.J. Reynolds, 1711 01:17:59,283 --> 01:18:01,546 sold Christmas wreaths, sold neckties. 1712 01:18:01,677 --> 01:18:04,201 As long as I could see a way to sell something 1713 01:18:04,331 --> 01:18:07,291 for more than I paid for it-- that was me. 1714 01:18:07,465 --> 01:18:09,728 ♪ 1715 01:18:09,859 --> 01:18:11,904 There's no sin in getting rich, 1716 01:18:12,035 --> 01:18:15,038 as long as getting rich is not the only objective. 1717 01:18:15,168 --> 01:18:17,954 We've created over a half a million jobs right now, 1718 01:18:18,084 --> 01:18:21,697 working, health-care benefits, feeding their kids, 1719 01:18:21,827 --> 01:18:24,003 paying their mortgages, from four of us, 1720 01:18:24,134 --> 01:18:27,311 four guys with an idea and no money. 1721 01:18:27,441 --> 01:18:31,576 There are people in the world 1722 01:18:31,663 --> 01:18:34,971 who understand 1723 01:18:35,101 --> 01:18:37,495 that the more you give away, the more you have. 1724 01:18:37,582 --> 01:18:39,932 I went to NYU for medical school, 1725 01:18:40,063 --> 01:18:42,892 and NYU just received an endowment 1726 01:18:43,022 --> 01:18:46,199 from the guy who owns Home Depot. 1727 01:18:46,330 --> 01:18:48,854 LESLEY: Going to medical school today takes a willingness 1728 01:18:48,985 --> 01:18:51,552 to incur a crushing amount of debt. 1729 01:18:51,683 --> 01:18:53,990 But now one of the country's top schools 1730 01:18:54,077 --> 01:18:56,993 has come up with a radical solution. 1731 01:18:57,123 --> 01:18:59,822 Ken Langone, Chairman of the Board of Trustees, 1732 01:18:59,952 --> 01:19:04,000 and his wife, Elaine, let everyone in on a secret. 1733 01:19:04,087 --> 01:19:08,787 As of this very moment, the NYU School of Medicine 1734 01:19:08,918 --> 01:19:11,094 is now a tuition-free medical school-- 1735 01:19:11,224 --> 01:19:13,139 [ cheers applause ] 1736 01:19:13,270 --> 01:19:15,315 Oh, my God! 1737 01:19:15,446 --> 01:19:17,491 [ uplifting music ] 1738 01:19:17,578 --> 01:19:20,494 That day... 1739 01:19:20,625 --> 01:19:23,889 was without question... 1740 01:19:24,020 --> 01:19:27,414 where I felt the most satisfaction... 1741 01:19:27,545 --> 01:19:29,677 for my success. 1742 01:19:29,808 --> 01:19:32,463 These kids went nuts! 1743 01:19:32,593 --> 01:19:34,117 And one father yells out, 1744 01:19:34,247 --> 01:19:35,771 "I told you you picked the right place!" 1745 01:19:35,901 --> 01:19:37,511 [ chuckles ] 1746 01:19:37,642 --> 01:19:40,906 It all of a sudden gave a meaning to what I'd done 1747 01:19:41,037 --> 01:19:44,867 far beyond what I thought I had done to that point. 1748 01:19:44,954 --> 01:19:48,087 But you can never take away from me this moment 1749 01:19:48,218 --> 01:19:50,263 where I'm looking at 100 kids in the eye, 1750 01:19:50,350 --> 01:19:51,743 and they know they're going to be relieved 1751 01:19:51,874 --> 01:19:55,921 the burden of $200,000, average, each, in their life. 1752 01:19:56,052 --> 01:19:58,184 Gone. Over. 1753 01:19:58,315 --> 01:19:59,969 More than half the kids in our medical school, 1754 01:20:00,099 --> 01:20:02,362 this new class, are females. 1755 01:20:02,536 --> 01:20:04,234 ♪ 1756 01:20:04,364 --> 01:20:07,628 There was a redemption in the effort. 1757 01:20:07,759 --> 01:20:10,588 [ stirring music ] 1758 01:20:10,762 --> 01:20:12,851 ♪ 1759 01:20:12,982 --> 01:20:14,984 SMICK: Capitalism needs to be measured 1760 01:20:15,114 --> 01:20:19,249 not just by the bottom line, but by the people it serves. 1761 01:20:19,379 --> 01:20:21,904 I mean, it's really the good shepherd model. 1762 01:20:21,991 --> 01:20:23,819 We must all move ahead. 1763 01:20:23,949 --> 01:20:26,517 But we can't afford to leave anyone behind. 1764 01:20:26,647 --> 01:20:30,564 I think we need a return to the idea of government 1765 01:20:30,651 --> 01:20:33,654 as a protector of the middle class. 1766 01:20:33,785 --> 01:20:37,267 I think we need a recognition on the part of business leaders 1767 01:20:37,354 --> 01:20:40,836 that they have shareholders but they also have stakeholders. 1768 01:20:40,966 --> 01:20:42,750 And the values of their stakeholders 1769 01:20:42,881 --> 01:20:46,711 count in terms of how they treat their workers. 1770 01:20:46,842 --> 01:20:48,452 You know, Americans, 1771 01:20:48,582 --> 01:20:50,933 they don't want to hate each other. 1772 01:20:51,020 --> 01:20:54,284 This whole populist, tribal, 1773 01:20:54,414 --> 01:20:57,722 dogmatic, lockdown, 1774 01:20:57,853 --> 01:21:01,421 contemptuous set of politics-- that's a crummy product. 1775 01:21:01,508 --> 01:21:03,510 You know what I love about Democratic capitalism? 1776 01:21:03,641 --> 01:21:06,122 We won't put up with a crummy product forever. 1777 01:21:06,252 --> 01:21:10,735 KATHERINE: Any other industry where you had consumer dissatisfaction 1778 01:21:10,866 --> 01:21:13,303 at the 80%, 90% levels, 1779 01:21:13,433 --> 01:21:16,567 you would see an entrepreneur 1780 01:21:16,697 --> 01:21:18,699 who would come in with a new product 1781 01:21:18,830 --> 01:21:22,007 designed to serve dissatisfied customers. 1782 01:21:22,094 --> 01:21:24,705 So the question is, why don't we see that in politics? 1783 01:21:27,230 --> 01:21:29,014 I think there are actually some structural reasons 1784 01:21:29,145 --> 01:21:31,364 for the polarization in Washington 1785 01:21:31,451 --> 01:21:32,713 that you could actually fix. 1786 01:21:32,844 --> 01:21:34,367 So one of the big problems 1787 01:21:34,498 --> 01:21:37,240 is simply a "first past the post" electoral system. 1788 01:21:37,370 --> 01:21:40,330 American voter turnout, overall, is low. 1789 01:21:40,460 --> 01:21:42,375 In a primary, it's super low. 1790 01:21:42,506 --> 01:21:44,508 The only people that vote in primaries 1791 01:21:44,638 --> 01:21:46,858 are almost always more extreme 1792 01:21:46,989 --> 01:21:48,686 than the average voter in the party. 1793 01:21:48,860 --> 01:21:51,167 ♪ 1794 01:21:51,297 --> 01:21:53,778 Partisan primaries forces candidates 1795 01:21:53,909 --> 01:21:55,301 to go right and left. 1796 01:21:55,432 --> 01:21:57,608 Someone's elected, they go to Congress, 1797 01:21:57,738 --> 01:21:58,914 they're presented with an opportunity 1798 01:21:59,001 --> 01:22:00,828 to solve a huge national issue 1799 01:22:00,959 --> 01:22:04,832 with a bipartisan compromise on immigration or health care, 1800 01:22:04,963 --> 01:22:06,834 and they have to vote no because they don't think 1801 01:22:06,965 --> 01:22:08,532 they can get re-elected through their partisan primary 1802 01:22:08,662 --> 01:22:09,794 if they vote for it. 1803 01:22:09,925 --> 01:22:11,317 So here's what we need to do-- 1804 01:22:11,448 --> 01:22:13,667 eliminate partisan primaries. 1805 01:22:13,798 --> 01:22:15,495 When a voter goes to the polls, 1806 01:22:15,626 --> 01:22:17,149 there's just one ballot, 1807 01:22:17,280 --> 01:22:19,195 be they Democrats, Republicans, Independents, 1808 01:22:19,325 --> 01:22:21,675 and the top four vote-getters 1809 01:22:21,806 --> 01:22:23,982 advance to the general election. 1810 01:22:24,069 --> 01:22:28,204 Now, same piece of legislation, same legislator. 1811 01:22:28,291 --> 01:22:30,902 This is an outstanding bill for the country, 1812 01:22:30,989 --> 01:22:33,426 so now I won't get kicked out in my primary. 1813 01:22:33,557 --> 01:22:37,953 My vote can finally be yes on bipartisan compromise, 1814 01:22:38,040 --> 01:22:41,304 in opposition to the kind of gridlock that we see today. 1815 01:22:41,391 --> 01:22:42,653 KATY: The state of Maine 1816 01:22:42,783 --> 01:22:45,047 made history during the 2018 mid-term elections. 1817 01:22:45,134 --> 01:22:48,180 It is the first state to use a ranked-choice ballot 1818 01:22:48,311 --> 01:22:49,834 to select members 1819 01:22:49,965 --> 01:22:52,228 of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives. 1820 01:22:52,358 --> 01:22:54,230 NEWSCASTER: Proponents say it leads to fewer attack ads 1821 01:22:54,360 --> 01:22:56,362 and more voter voices. 1822 01:22:56,493 --> 01:22:58,190 FRANCIS: Rank-choice voting permit third parties 1823 01:22:58,321 --> 01:22:59,713 to run more easily. 1824 01:22:59,844 --> 01:23:01,454 Actually creates an incentive 1825 01:23:01,585 --> 01:23:04,501 for politicians to cooperate with one another. 1826 01:23:04,631 --> 01:23:05,806 In rank-choice voting, 1827 01:23:05,937 --> 01:23:08,157 you have to win with a true majority. 1828 01:23:08,287 --> 01:23:11,551 So let's say that you had four candidates on the ballot. 1829 01:23:11,638 --> 01:23:14,902 When you go into the voting booth, you pick your favorite. 1830 01:23:14,990 --> 01:23:17,775 But then you also pick second choice, 1831 01:23:17,862 --> 01:23:20,125 third choice, fourth choice. 1832 01:23:20,256 --> 01:23:24,042 Then the polls close, and the first place votes are counted. 1833 01:23:24,173 --> 01:23:26,914 If someone has a true majority, over 50%, 1834 01:23:27,045 --> 01:23:28,829 the elect's over, there's a winner. 1835 01:23:28,916 --> 01:23:31,354 But if nobody has the support 1836 01:23:31,484 --> 01:23:33,660 of a majority of the electorate, 1837 01:23:33,791 --> 01:23:36,750 then the candidate who came in last is eliminated, 1838 01:23:36,881 --> 01:23:39,231 and voters who had selected that candidate 1839 01:23:39,362 --> 01:23:43,061 now have their second choice votes counted instead. 1840 01:23:43,192 --> 01:23:46,021 And that process of elimination continues 1841 01:23:46,151 --> 01:23:48,545 until you have a true majority winner. 1842 01:23:48,675 --> 01:23:51,548 This always results in the election of the candidate 1843 01:23:51,635 --> 01:23:56,292 with the broadest appeal to the most number of voters. 1844 01:23:56,422 --> 01:23:59,382 But that requires two thirds of the country-- 1845 01:23:59,512 --> 01:24:01,253 what I call the "common sense middle"-- 1846 01:24:01,384 --> 01:24:04,474 to have the same knowledge about all the candidates 1847 01:24:04,561 --> 01:24:06,606 that those on the extremes do. 1848 01:24:06,693 --> 01:24:10,088 If our two political parties have a better idea for reform, 1849 01:24:10,175 --> 01:24:12,003 put up or shut up. 1850 01:24:12,134 --> 01:24:15,311 But the status quo of division and stalemate is unacceptable. 1851 01:24:15,398 --> 01:24:16,703 It's getting late. 1852 01:24:16,834 --> 01:24:19,271 Americans are becoming suspicious 1853 01:24:19,402 --> 01:24:21,143 of the partisan swindle. 1854 01:24:21,273 --> 01:24:24,059 They now know what's going on. They're tired of the spin. 1855 01:24:24,146 --> 01:24:26,713 They're desperate for truth. 1856 01:24:26,844 --> 01:24:28,019 STAN: We've got a lot of divisions, 1857 01:24:28,150 --> 01:24:30,674 but probably a more likely scenario 1858 01:24:30,804 --> 01:24:34,330 would be a new party from the center. 1859 01:24:34,460 --> 01:24:38,073 I have to believe they're 60% to 70% of the country. 1860 01:24:38,203 --> 01:24:40,118 I don't know why it hasn't happened yet. 1861 01:24:40,249 --> 01:24:42,555 We've seen in some of the other countries, 1862 01:24:42,686 --> 01:24:44,166 these things just evolve. 1863 01:24:44,296 --> 01:24:46,690 And I wouldn't be shocked to see it here. 1864 01:24:48,561 --> 01:24:50,868 If you want to feel encouraged in America today, 1865 01:24:50,998 --> 01:24:52,348 look at cities and states. 1866 01:24:52,478 --> 01:24:55,133 We're seeing less polarization in the legislatures, 1867 01:24:55,264 --> 01:24:57,527 more cross-partisan compromise. 1868 01:24:59,398 --> 01:25:00,791 LIZA: What happened with gay rights? 1869 01:25:00,921 --> 01:25:04,621 State by state by state started passing legislation 1870 01:25:04,751 --> 01:25:06,188 for gay rights. 1871 01:25:06,275 --> 01:25:07,711 It happens on the local level. 1872 01:25:07,841 --> 01:25:09,887 [ uplifting music ] 1873 01:25:10,017 --> 01:25:11,802 I believe in the American people. 1874 01:25:11,889 --> 01:25:13,325 ♪ 1875 01:25:13,456 --> 01:25:15,066 We all have our politics. 1876 01:25:15,197 --> 01:25:17,982 We all have our hates and our fears, but deep down, 1877 01:25:18,113 --> 01:25:22,160 there is a love of country that I think prevails. 1878 01:25:24,423 --> 01:25:26,730 SMICK: You've been through an horrendous experience 1879 01:25:26,860 --> 01:25:29,167 that is, no doubt, life-changing. 1880 01:25:29,254 --> 01:25:32,997 If America's political leaders were in this room, 1881 01:25:33,128 --> 01:25:35,130 what would you tell them? 1882 01:25:35,217 --> 01:25:38,089 After the attack, 1883 01:25:38,220 --> 01:25:41,919 I saw my members huddled in horror. 1884 01:25:42,049 --> 01:25:43,834 I grabbed a chair, and I stood up, 1885 01:25:43,964 --> 01:25:47,054 and I saw these downtrodden, horror-stricken members 1886 01:25:47,142 --> 01:25:48,578 of our congregation. 1887 01:25:48,708 --> 01:25:50,188 What do I tell them? 1888 01:25:50,319 --> 01:25:52,930 And I gave them the strength to know, 1889 01:25:53,017 --> 01:25:56,542 "Let this not consume us. Let is not swallow us up. 1890 01:25:56,673 --> 01:25:57,891 We're going to rise up." 1891 01:25:57,978 --> 01:25:59,589 You know what happened? 1892 01:25:59,719 --> 01:26:02,766 Every single member that was there did not go home. 1893 01:26:02,896 --> 01:26:05,856 They continued the service. 1894 01:26:05,943 --> 01:26:08,859 We were not shut down for a moment. 1895 01:26:10,339 --> 01:26:11,731 These members, 1896 01:26:11,862 --> 01:26:13,646 who had all the right to run away from there, 1897 01:26:13,777 --> 01:26:16,693 run home into their beds, and cry their hearts out, 1898 01:26:16,823 --> 01:26:18,390 they did not. 1899 01:26:18,521 --> 01:26:21,654 [ voice breaking ] They made sure the services continued. 1900 01:26:21,785 --> 01:26:24,657 That's what our leaders need to do. 1901 01:26:24,744 --> 01:26:28,357 You need to empower it with rhetoric of positivity, 1902 01:26:28,444 --> 01:26:31,708 of kindness, generosity, and love. 1903 01:26:31,795 --> 01:26:34,798 That's what will make the difference to change. 1904 01:26:34,928 --> 01:26:36,887 We are all the same. 1905 01:26:36,974 --> 01:26:38,758 We're all God's children. 1906 01:26:38,889 --> 01:26:40,456 I'm living on borrowed time. 1907 01:26:40,586 --> 01:26:43,589 Every breath is a gift. 1908 01:26:43,720 --> 01:26:45,765 Ask yourself-- 1909 01:26:45,896 --> 01:26:48,333 God has given me another day. 1910 01:26:48,420 --> 01:26:50,466 Am I going to use this day 1911 01:26:50,596 --> 01:26:54,600 to spread negativism or positivism? 1912 01:26:54,731 --> 01:26:56,950 Let us demonstrate 1913 01:26:57,081 --> 01:26:59,779 that we love peace more than hatred. 1914 01:26:59,910 --> 01:27:01,738 - WOMAN: That's wonderful. - I'm getting there. 1915 01:27:01,825 --> 01:27:03,609 [ laughter ] 1916 01:27:03,696 --> 01:27:06,699 The key to our time 1917 01:27:06,830 --> 01:27:09,441 is the complacency that set in 1918 01:27:09,572 --> 01:27:12,227 after the Cold War ended 1919 01:27:12,357 --> 01:27:14,925 and then after the Iraq War failed. 1920 01:27:15,012 --> 01:27:18,668 We're still in one of those moments of self-absorption. 1921 01:27:18,798 --> 01:27:20,931 We want the rest of the world to just go away. 1922 01:27:21,061 --> 01:27:22,802 Please leave us alone. 1923 01:27:22,933 --> 01:27:25,675 We're trying to have an argument on Twitter here. 1924 01:27:25,805 --> 01:27:27,894 And at some point, that illusion 1925 01:27:28,025 --> 01:27:30,941 that we can be alone will be shattered. 1926 01:27:31,028 --> 01:27:32,464 The lesson of American history 1927 01:27:32,595 --> 01:27:36,207 is that it usually takes a major humiliation 1928 01:27:36,338 --> 01:27:38,601 to alert us to the peril that we're in. 1929 01:27:38,688 --> 01:27:41,908 [ siren wailing ] 1930 01:27:42,039 --> 01:27:44,041 [ somber music ] 1931 01:27:44,215 --> 01:27:45,521 ♪ 1932 01:27:45,608 --> 01:27:49,046 We are transitioning to some dangerous times. 1933 01:27:49,176 --> 01:27:51,135 We live in a world that is curved. 1934 01:27:51,266 --> 01:27:53,746 That is, we can't see all the risks, 1935 01:27:53,877 --> 01:27:55,879 but they're just over the horizon. 1936 01:27:57,794 --> 01:28:02,059 Things we thought could never happen are happening now. 1937 01:28:02,233 --> 01:28:04,844 ♪ 1938 01:28:04,975 --> 01:28:06,933 [ train whistle blows ] 1939 01:28:07,064 --> 01:28:09,109 The horrific George Floyd murder 1940 01:28:09,240 --> 01:28:10,981 taught us that chasing the devil of racism 1941 01:28:11,111 --> 01:28:13,723 is never ending, 1942 01:28:13,853 --> 01:28:15,812 but the dark forces of division in America 1943 01:28:15,942 --> 01:28:17,857 must be defeated. 1944 01:28:17,988 --> 01:28:20,817 Democracy's on the run. 1945 01:28:20,947 --> 01:28:22,601 So, if ever there was a time for unity 1946 01:28:22,688 --> 01:28:24,908 and, to be frank, some humility, 1947 01:28:25,038 --> 01:28:26,997 the time is now. 1948 01:28:27,084 --> 01:28:28,912 When we're dancing with the angels, 1949 01:28:29,042 --> 01:28:30,827 the question will be asked, 1950 01:28:30,957 --> 01:28:33,308 what did we do... 1951 01:28:33,395 --> 01:28:38,356 to make sure we kept our democracy intact? 1952 01:28:38,487 --> 01:28:41,664 The first rule of holes is to stop digging. 1953 01:28:41,794 --> 01:28:46,408 We've got to make a market economy work for everyone. 1954 01:28:46,538 --> 01:28:47,626 Good evening, everyone. 1955 01:28:47,713 --> 01:28:49,193 Americans getting the reality check 1956 01:28:49,324 --> 01:28:50,716 of where we are tonight. 1957 01:28:50,847 --> 01:28:52,370 REPORTER: With infection spreading fast... 1958 01:28:52,501 --> 01:28:53,937 REPORTER 2: Jobless claims are surging 1959 01:28:54,067 --> 01:28:55,852 REPORTER 3: A pitched battle to keep patients alive. 1960 01:28:55,982 --> 01:28:59,203 [ reporters talking over each other ] 1961 01:28:59,334 --> 01:29:03,076 SMICK: The coronavirus crisis has taught us many things-- 1962 01:29:03,207 --> 01:29:06,732 to protect our future, to stop the hate, 1963 01:29:06,863 --> 01:29:09,735 to respect our scientists and inventors, 1964 01:29:09,866 --> 01:29:11,563 to bring together the best 1965 01:29:11,694 --> 01:29:13,739 of the public and private sectors, 1966 01:29:13,826 --> 01:29:15,262 to stand up for the little guy. 1967 01:29:15,393 --> 01:29:18,614 And last but not least, to remind ourselves every day 1968 01:29:18,701 --> 01:29:21,094 that an America at war with itself 1969 01:29:21,225 --> 01:29:22,792 is an America doomed. 1970 01:29:22,922 --> 01:29:26,970 [ dramatic music ] 1971 01:29:27,100 --> 01:29:28,972 LEON: As Secretary of Defense, 1972 01:29:29,102 --> 01:29:32,410 I used to look at these young men and women in uniform, 1973 01:29:32,541 --> 01:29:33,933 look in their eyes, 1974 01:29:34,064 --> 01:29:35,674 and I would say to myself, 1975 01:29:35,805 --> 01:29:38,155 "These are people who are willing 1976 01:29:38,285 --> 01:29:39,852 "to put their lives on the line 1977 01:29:39,983 --> 01:29:42,899 and fight and die for their country." 1978 01:29:43,029 --> 01:29:44,857 [ light music ] 1979 01:29:44,944 --> 01:29:47,469 And if there are young people that are willing to fight 1980 01:29:47,556 --> 01:29:49,906 and die for their country, 1981 01:29:50,036 --> 01:29:53,910 it's not too much to ask political leaders 1982 01:29:54,040 --> 01:29:56,695 to maybe take a few risks 1983 01:29:56,826 --> 01:29:59,394 in order to govern this country. 1984 01:29:59,524 --> 01:30:01,352 You know, John F. Kennedy once said, 1985 01:30:01,483 --> 01:30:04,268 "Let's not seek the Democratic answer or the Republican answer, 1986 01:30:04,399 --> 01:30:06,357 but the right answer." 1987 01:30:06,488 --> 01:30:09,665 You've got to be willing to listen to the other side. 1988 01:30:09,752 --> 01:30:12,058 Any issue-- somebody tries to find it, 1989 01:30:12,189 --> 01:30:14,452 where it sits on the ideological plane. 1990 01:30:14,539 --> 01:30:16,062 My view is, does it move you forward, 1991 01:30:16,193 --> 01:30:17,629 or does it move you backwards? 1992 01:30:17,760 --> 01:30:19,196 And that's a different way to look at things. 1993 01:30:19,370 --> 01:30:22,112 ♪ 1994 01:30:22,242 --> 01:30:25,724 We have to come together as a country by breaking the habit of contempt. 1995 01:30:25,855 --> 01:30:29,467 And the only way that you break the habit of contempt is with love. 1996 01:30:29,598 --> 01:30:34,472 Why do people say no to ending racism? 1997 01:30:34,603 --> 01:30:38,345 A lot of people want to get to the finish line 1998 01:30:38,433 --> 01:30:39,782 without running the race. 1999 01:30:39,912 --> 01:30:41,261 It's a marathon. 2000 01:30:41,392 --> 01:30:44,700 We have to keep taking steps to get to a place 2001 01:30:44,830 --> 01:30:46,789 where we can heal as a country. 2002 01:30:46,919 --> 01:30:49,052 [ music building ] 2003 01:30:49,139 --> 01:30:52,229 I have this phrase that I chant in the streets. 2004 01:30:52,359 --> 01:30:54,579 - It's, like, I... - CROWD: I... 2005 01:30:54,710 --> 01:30:56,538 - I believe... - CROWD: I believe... 2006 01:30:56,668 --> 01:30:59,105 I believe that we will win! 2007 01:30:59,236 --> 01:31:00,672 - CROWD: I believe that we will win! - I believe that we will win! 2008 01:31:00,803 --> 01:31:03,240 In my heart, with my faith 2009 01:31:03,327 --> 01:31:05,503 and what I'm seeing in this country, 2010 01:31:05,634 --> 01:31:06,809 I believe that we will win. 2011 01:31:06,939 --> 01:31:09,681 I believe that we'll find a way to love 2012 01:31:09,768 --> 01:31:11,683 and respect one another. 2013 01:31:11,814 --> 01:31:13,468 As Assata Shakur said, 2014 01:31:13,555 --> 01:31:15,165 "We have nothing to lose but our chains." 2015 01:31:15,295 --> 01:31:18,168 [ pensive music ] 2016 01:31:18,298 --> 01:31:20,387 SMICK: Okay, final question. Warren Buffett, 2017 01:31:20,475 --> 01:31:23,347 who knows something about future valuations, 2018 01:31:23,478 --> 01:31:27,177 he has said, "America's best days lie ahead." 2019 01:31:27,307 --> 01:31:28,395 Do you buy this? 2020 01:31:28,483 --> 01:31:31,050 I am inherently optimistic 2021 01:31:31,181 --> 01:31:33,226 about the strength of this country. 2022 01:31:33,357 --> 01:31:34,967 The problems we're having today, 2023 01:31:35,098 --> 01:31:37,796 they pale in comparison to the problems 2024 01:31:37,883 --> 01:31:41,191 we had in advance of the Civil War. 2025 01:31:41,321 --> 01:31:45,543 We've prevailed over those. We will prevail over these. 2026 01:31:45,674 --> 01:31:46,979 I would love to believe 2027 01:31:47,110 --> 01:31:48,807 that America's best days lie ahead. 2028 01:31:48,938 --> 01:31:51,244 But, of course, I'm a historian. 2029 01:31:51,375 --> 01:31:53,246 I'm alive to the reality 2030 01:31:53,333 --> 01:31:56,249 that most great powers, 2031 01:31:56,380 --> 01:31:58,904 at some point, peak. 2032 01:31:58,991 --> 01:32:02,734 I am optimistic about America's future. 2033 01:32:02,865 --> 01:32:04,301 If you go back through history, 2034 01:32:04,431 --> 01:32:06,433 people thought the Russians would surpass us. 2035 01:32:06,564 --> 01:32:08,827 We got it together, and it didn't happen. 2036 01:32:08,958 --> 01:32:10,350 The President of the United States 2037 01:32:10,481 --> 01:32:13,528 declared a crisis of the national spirit. 2038 01:32:13,658 --> 01:32:15,834 The malaise lifted. 2039 01:32:15,965 --> 01:32:19,403 People felt that the Cold War was over and Japan had won, 2040 01:32:19,534 --> 01:32:21,405 and we had a period 2041 01:32:21,536 --> 01:32:23,450 of remarkable economic prosperity. 2042 01:32:23,538 --> 01:32:25,191 Patrick Henry declared 2043 01:32:25,278 --> 01:32:27,585 that the spirit of the Revolution had been lost. 2044 01:32:27,716 --> 01:32:31,067 That was in 1792, and he was wrong. 2045 01:32:31,197 --> 01:32:35,941 And so it is the great strength of America 2046 01:32:36,072 --> 01:32:40,206 that America can change and shape its future 2047 01:32:40,293 --> 01:32:42,600 that makes it very resilient. 2048 01:32:42,731 --> 01:32:44,994 STAN: We've borrowed so much from the future. 2049 01:32:45,081 --> 01:32:47,344 But one of the things that's made me hopeful, 2050 01:32:47,474 --> 01:32:49,433 I believe we're going through 2051 01:32:49,564 --> 01:32:51,740 one of the great productivity booms 2052 01:32:51,870 --> 01:32:53,306 since the Industrial Revolution, 2053 01:32:53,437 --> 01:32:55,134 driven by the tech sector, 2054 01:32:55,265 --> 01:32:57,572 artificial intelligence, and the cloud. 2055 01:32:57,702 --> 01:32:59,878 A lot of this, of course, goes unmeasured. 2056 01:33:00,052 --> 01:33:01,880 ♪ 2057 01:33:02,011 --> 01:33:03,621 SMICK: Long before the coronavirus hit, 2058 01:33:03,708 --> 01:33:05,144 the world was already experiencing 2059 01:33:05,275 --> 01:33:08,452 an industrial decline, with shrinking global trade. 2060 01:33:08,583 --> 01:33:10,889 Yet America's flexible and innovative economy 2061 01:33:10,976 --> 01:33:12,543 was best positioned to take advantage 2062 01:33:12,630 --> 01:33:14,284 of these global challenges. 2063 01:33:14,414 --> 01:33:16,895 And we still are. 2064 01:33:17,026 --> 01:33:19,985 ALICE: I believe that America's best days 2065 01:33:20,072 --> 01:33:21,421 are ahead of it. 2066 01:33:21,552 --> 01:33:25,948 At least they could be if we come to our senses 2067 01:33:26,078 --> 01:33:30,430 and start managing the problems that beset us, 2068 01:33:30,561 --> 01:33:32,650 rather than denying them. 2069 01:33:32,781 --> 01:33:36,306 DAVID: In the end, it's gonna depend on your kids, my kids-- 2070 01:33:36,436 --> 01:33:37,655 their resilience. 2071 01:33:37,786 --> 01:33:39,309 They're gonna live in this world 2072 01:33:39,439 --> 01:33:41,920 that's going to have problems we never dreamed of. 2073 01:33:42,007 --> 01:33:45,924 The genius of the system is that it is very adaptable. 2074 01:33:46,055 --> 01:33:50,059 America moves to correct its mistakes. 2075 01:33:50,189 --> 01:33:54,585 That gives it a tremendous resilience. 2076 01:33:54,716 --> 01:33:55,978 America's not losing its soul. 2077 01:33:56,108 --> 01:33:59,024 America is always in the long and bumpy, 2078 01:33:59,155 --> 01:34:01,548 choppy process of finding its soul. 2079 01:34:01,636 --> 01:34:05,204 I believe in Warren Buffett. [ laughing ] 2080 01:34:05,335 --> 01:34:08,251 If Warren Buffett says the great days are coming, 2081 01:34:08,381 --> 01:34:10,470 I bet on Warren Buffett! 2082 01:34:10,601 --> 01:34:12,734 [ laughter ] 2083 01:34:12,864 --> 01:34:15,040 KATHERINE: There is, without a doubt, 2084 01:34:15,171 --> 01:34:19,349 a road to best days ahead for the country. 2085 01:34:19,479 --> 01:34:21,786 But let me be clear. We are not on that road. 2086 01:34:21,917 --> 01:34:23,440 And I... 2087 01:34:23,614 --> 01:34:26,312 ♪ 2088 01:34:26,443 --> 01:34:28,575 I don't think 2089 01:34:28,706 --> 01:34:31,535 that we do ourselves justice 2090 01:34:31,666 --> 01:34:35,974 to pretend that that road is just around the corner, 2091 01:34:36,061 --> 01:34:39,717 and that it's somehow part of America's birthright 2092 01:34:39,848 --> 01:34:43,895 or our pre-destiny because it's happened that way before. 2093 01:34:44,026 --> 01:34:46,768 This best days ahead 2094 01:34:46,898 --> 01:34:51,381 is both an opportunity and a responsibility. 2095 01:34:51,511 --> 01:34:54,863 But it's also, most importantly, a choice. 2096 01:34:54,993 --> 01:34:56,125 [ bleep ]! 2097 01:34:56,212 --> 01:34:59,128 ♪ 2098 01:35:03,088 --> 01:35:05,003 LEON: Washington's not gonna change from the top down. 2099 01:35:05,134 --> 01:35:07,745 I wish it could. It's gonna change from the bottom up, 2100 01:35:07,876 --> 01:35:10,052 when we elect new representatives 2101 01:35:10,182 --> 01:35:12,184 who say the most important thing to them 2102 01:35:12,271 --> 01:35:15,100 is not party, it's country. 2103 01:35:15,187 --> 01:35:17,015 [ funky music ] 2104 01:35:17,189 --> 01:35:18,756 ♪ 2105 01:35:18,887 --> 01:35:20,366 LARRY: There'll never be another America. 2106 01:35:20,497 --> 01:35:21,324 We're it! 2107 01:35:21,498 --> 01:35:23,543 ♪ 2108 01:35:23,674 --> 01:35:26,416 It's an experiment in humanity. 2109 01:35:26,546 --> 01:35:28,505 It almost would be impossible to duplicate. 2110 01:35:28,679 --> 01:35:30,246 ♪ 2111 01:35:30,376 --> 01:35:32,422 I wish I could live to be 200 'cause I'm sure 2112 01:35:32,552 --> 01:35:34,206 it's gonna even be better than it is right now. 2113 01:35:34,337 --> 01:35:35,904 Absolutely. 2114 01:35:36,034 --> 01:35:38,733 We've proven as a nation... 2115 01:35:38,820 --> 01:35:40,125 you give us a mountain to climb, 2116 01:35:40,256 --> 01:35:42,475 and we'll show you how to climb it. 2117 01:35:42,562 --> 01:35:45,000 SINGER: ♪ 'Cause we got love ♪ 2118 01:35:45,174 --> 01:35:47,611 ♪ Baby, we got love ♪ 2119 01:35:47,785 --> 01:35:50,005 ♪ Baby, we got love ♪ 2120 01:35:50,179 --> 01:35:53,225 ♪ Baby, we got love ♪ 2121 01:35:53,399 --> 01:35:56,011 ♪ Whatever ♪ 2122 01:35:56,185 --> 01:35:58,230 - ♪ We do ♪ - CHORUS: ♪ What we do ♪ 2123 01:35:58,404 --> 01:36:00,755 - SINGER: ♪ We do it together ♪ - CHORUS: ♪ Do it together ♪ 2124 01:36:00,929 --> 01:36:02,974 - SINGER: ♪ We do it together ♪ - CHORUS: ♪ Do it together ♪ 2125 01:36:03,148 --> 01:36:04,149 SINGER: ♪ We do it together ♪ 2126 01:36:04,323 --> 01:36:05,585 CHORUS: ♪ Do it together ♪ 2127 01:36:05,672 --> 01:36:08,588 ♪ 2128 01:36:14,594 --> 01:36:16,422 SINGER: ♪ When we walk in ♪ 2129 01:36:16,596 --> 01:36:19,599 ♪ Hand in hand ♪ 2130 01:36:19,686 --> 01:36:21,427 ♪ People stop and stare ♪ 2131 01:36:21,514 --> 01:36:23,081 ♪ 2132 01:36:23,255 --> 01:36:25,867 ♪ Lord, they're talking about us ♪ 2133 01:36:26,041 --> 01:36:28,217 ♪ But we don't even care ♪ 2134 01:36:28,391 --> 01:36:30,610 ♪ 'Cause we got love ♪ 2135 01:36:30,785 --> 01:36:33,135 ♪ Baby, we got love ♪ 2136 01:36:33,222 --> 01:36:35,528 ♪ Baby, we got love ♪ 2137 01:36:35,702 --> 01:36:36,921 ♪ Baby, we got love ♪ 2138 01:36:37,095 --> 01:36:38,880 ♪ 2139 01:36:39,054 --> 01:36:43,406 - ♪ Whatever we do ♪ - CHORUS: ♪ Whatever we do ♪ 2140 01:36:43,580 --> 01:36:46,104 - SINGER: ♪ We do it together ♪ - CHORUS: ♪ Do it together ♪ 2141 01:36:46,278 --> 01:36:48,715 - SINGER: ♪ We do it together ♪ - CHORUS: ♪ Do it together ♪ 2142 01:36:48,803 --> 01:36:50,892 - SINGER: ♪ We do it together ♪ - CHORUS: ♪ Do it together ♪ 2143 01:36:50,979 --> 01:36:53,372 SINGER: ♪ We do it together ♪ 2144 01:36:53,546 --> 01:36:55,635 ♪ Oh! ♪ 2145 01:36:55,810 --> 01:36:57,594 ♪ Our thing! ♪ 2146 01:36:57,768 --> 01:37:00,597 ♪ 2147 01:37:00,771 --> 01:37:02,425 ♪ Oh! ♪ 2148 01:37:02,599 --> 01:37:04,427 ♪ Oh! ♪ 2149 01:37:04,601 --> 01:37:07,473 ♪ 2150 01:37:10,563 --> 01:37:13,044 ♪ Oh! ♪ 2151 01:37:13,218 --> 01:37:15,394 - SINGER: ♪ We do it together ♪ - CHORUS: ♪ Do it together ♪ 2152 01:37:15,481 --> 01:37:17,875 - SINGER: ♪ We do it together ♪ - CHORUS: ♪ Do it together ♪ 2153 01:37:18,049 --> 01:37:20,399 - SINGER: ♪ We do it together ♪ - CHORUS: ♪ Do it together ♪ 2154 01:37:20,486 --> 01:37:22,184 - SINGER: ♪ We do it together ♪ - CHORUS: ♪ Do it together ♪