WEBVTT FILE 1 00:00:01.293 --> 00:00:04.171 IN EARLY 2020, A PANDEMIC SPREAD ACROSS THE GLOBE. 2 00:00:02.000 --> 00:00:07.000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 3 00:00:04.254 --> 00:00:07.925 SOCIAL DISTANCING WAS ADOPTED BY HUNDREDS OF COUNTRIES 4 00:00:08.000 --> 00:00:13.000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 5 00:00:08.008 --> 00:00:11.136 AS A MEASURE TO REDUCE CONTAMINATION BY COVID-19. 6 00:00:12.346 --> 00:00:15.265 IN A MATTER OF DAYS, MILLIONS OF CHILDREN WERE SEPARATED 7 00:00:15.349 --> 00:00:17.476 FROM THEIR SCHOOLS, FRIENDS, RELATIVES, 8 00:00:17.559 --> 00:00:19.686 AND FROM NATURE. 9 00:00:21.104 --> 00:00:25.359 THIS FILM WAS PRODUCED BEFORE THIS DIFFICULT MOMENT, 10 00:00:25.442 --> 00:00:29.404 AND BECAME AN INVITATION FOR US TO IMAGINE THE OUTSIDE WORLD THAT WE WISH FOR. 11 00:00:36.787 --> 00:00:39.081 Let's see! Dig, dig, dig. 12 00:00:41.917 --> 00:00:43.794 Look, I found one! 13 00:00:43.877 --> 00:00:45.420 These are worms. 14 00:00:46.463 --> 00:00:48.131 I saw a worm! 15 00:00:48.215 --> 00:00:49.675 I'll get this one. 16 00:00:50.634 --> 00:00:53.053 -I'll get this one. -And I'll get this one. 17 00:00:53.762 --> 00:00:54.972 Look how many we got! 18 00:00:55.055 --> 00:00:57.599 So many! Did you find anything new? 19 00:00:57.683 --> 00:00:58.851 No. 20 00:00:59.393 --> 00:01:00.894 There's more, grab them. 21 00:01:02.062 --> 00:01:04.398 Would you bury yourself with the worms? 22 00:01:04.481 --> 00:01:06.441 Yes, just like a mole. 23 00:01:06.984 --> 00:01:10.529 And, if worms don't have eyes, 24 00:01:10.612 --> 00:01:12.698 how do they see underground? 25 00:01:14.241 --> 00:01:15.659 I don't know. 26 00:01:15.742 --> 00:01:17.995 You don't? How do you think they do? 27 00:01:19.913 --> 00:01:22.749 Well, I'll have to think like a worm. 28 00:01:26.086 --> 00:01:27.171 I remember! 29 00:02:05.709 --> 00:02:08.962 We have learned from studies 30 00:02:09.046 --> 00:02:12.466 how much of evolution happened 31 00:02:12.549 --> 00:02:15.385 solely because species interact. 32 00:02:15.469 --> 00:02:18.472 Interaction is the foundation of life. 33 00:02:18.555 --> 00:02:22.643 It's a type of communication among all of the species. 34 00:02:29.858 --> 00:02:33.445 We've been living in contact with nature for thousands of years. 35 00:02:34.238 --> 00:02:37.574 Affection has always been present in this process. 36 00:02:38.033 --> 00:02:41.119 We weren't machines that treated nature 37 00:02:41.703 --> 00:02:44.081 in a mechanized way. 38 00:02:48.544 --> 00:02:50.003 But, as we move away from it, 39 00:02:50.087 --> 00:02:51.713 we lose the nature we have in ourselves... 40 00:02:51.797 --> 00:02:53.549 FOUNDER OF ANIA 41 00:02:53.632 --> 00:02:56.009 ...which is our human part. We're becoming inhuman. 42 00:02:56.093 --> 00:02:58.011 I think we've become numb, 43 00:02:58.095 --> 00:03:00.222 we've lost the ability to be amazed. 44 00:03:03.183 --> 00:03:06.103 When we are kids, nature amazes us all the time. 45 00:03:20.742 --> 00:03:23.161 When the little ones begin to talk 46 00:03:23.245 --> 00:03:26.748 they have a sense of equality with things. 47 00:03:26.832 --> 00:03:29.168 EARLY CHILDHOOD PRACTICES RESEARCHER 48 00:03:29.251 --> 00:03:32.963 This is called by some psychoanalysts "syncretic thought", 49 00:03:33.046 --> 00:03:36.925 the kind of thought that contains no hierarchy: no single thing is the best. 50 00:03:37.009 --> 00:03:39.428 They have a deep feeling of equality with all beings. 51 00:03:48.812 --> 00:03:52.024 Childhood is a state that makes us capable... 52 00:03:52.107 --> 00:03:53.442 PH.D. IN PHILOSOPHY 53 00:03:53.525 --> 00:03:55.235 ...of reinventing nature, 54 00:03:55.319 --> 00:03:57.946 of looking at the world with fresh eyes, 55 00:03:58.030 --> 00:04:02.534 of finding other ways that don't seem obvious. 56 00:04:08.832 --> 00:04:11.418 Now it's time for her shelter. 57 00:04:17.174 --> 00:04:19.259 Each child that arrives at the world 58 00:04:19.343 --> 00:04:21.678 is nature manifesting itself... 59 00:04:21.762 --> 00:04:23.680 PROFESSOR AT THE UNIRIO SCHOOL OF EDUCATION 60 00:04:23.764 --> 00:04:26.725 ...again, and again, and again. 61 00:04:29.520 --> 00:04:32.523 And how will those children be treated? 62 00:04:33.065 --> 00:04:34.608 That is the question. 63 00:05:15.858 --> 00:05:18.944 PHILOSOPHER AND WRITER 64 00:05:44.344 --> 00:05:47.514 Our process of urbanization 65 00:05:47.598 --> 00:05:50.642 is based on the premises 66 00:05:50.726 --> 00:05:53.687 of cementing, verticalizing, restricting green areas, 67 00:05:53.770 --> 00:05:55.647 reducing recreation spaces. 68 00:05:55.731 --> 00:05:57.357 And children suffer the most. 69 00:06:00.402 --> 00:06:03.280 We're part of a society that has values... 70 00:06:03.363 --> 00:06:05.240 COORDINATOR OF THE CRIANÇA E NATUREZA PROGRAM 71 00:06:05.324 --> 00:06:06.700 ...a concept of care 72 00:06:06.783 --> 00:06:09.953 that doesn't necessarily take nature as a core value. 73 00:06:12.789 --> 00:06:15.083 Our urbanization process 74 00:06:15.167 --> 00:06:20.005 is based on the logic of consumption and privatization of public areas. 75 00:06:29.473 --> 00:06:32.267 CO-FOUNDER AND CEO EMERITA 76 00:06:57.543 --> 00:07:00.796 I'll only let Catherin go out if it's very close by. 77 00:07:01.547 --> 00:07:05.801 I won't let her go alone from here to the square, no. 78 00:07:05.884 --> 00:07:08.387 Not even across the street to buy something. 79 00:07:08.804 --> 00:07:12.266 The space that Catherin has to play in is her house, her bedroom. 80 00:07:14.935 --> 00:07:19.606 In this neighborhood there's a bit of everything. 81 00:07:20.274 --> 00:07:23.026 But kids have nowhere to play, 82 00:07:23.110 --> 00:07:27.197 there's no space where we can go as a family, 83 00:07:27.656 --> 00:07:29.074 no squares. 84 00:07:29.157 --> 00:07:33.036 When I was a kid my mother would say, "Get up and go have breakfast." 85 00:07:33.120 --> 00:07:35.581 I'd get up, eat, wash my face, and leave. 86 00:07:35.664 --> 00:07:40.169 I spent the whole day outside playing catch, hide-and-seek, ball... 87 00:07:40.252 --> 00:07:45.048 Catherin gets up, brushes her teeth, sits on the sofa, and plays on her phone. 88 00:07:45.674 --> 00:07:47.384 Or watches television. 89 00:07:48.093 --> 00:07:51.680 Technology has consumed them too much. 90 00:07:51.763 --> 00:07:55.559 There are no recreational areas for them to play in. 91 00:08:07.196 --> 00:08:11.825 Kids are losing their childhood, 92 00:08:11.909 --> 00:08:14.703 their freedom, their rights, 93 00:08:14.786 --> 00:08:16.413 everything. 94 00:08:16.997 --> 00:08:18.207 Everything. 95 00:08:23.545 --> 00:08:25.339 Urban children 96 00:08:25.422 --> 00:08:28.884 are all somehow institutionalized 97 00:08:29.343 --> 00:08:32.012 when it comes to their time, what they do, 98 00:08:32.095 --> 00:08:35.390 where they play. 99 00:08:36.600 --> 00:08:38.560 There's a time to do this and that. 100 00:08:39.436 --> 00:08:41.647 We end up preventing children 101 00:08:41.730 --> 00:08:44.525 from freely creating an experience of fusion 102 00:08:44.608 --> 00:08:46.610 with the other. 103 00:08:46.693 --> 00:08:50.989 And the other are the trees, the animals, the city, 104 00:08:51.073 --> 00:08:54.159 as much humanity as the city can offer 105 00:08:54.243 --> 00:08:56.537 for a child to move freely in. 106 00:09:01.458 --> 00:09:05.295 What is the itinerary of a child 107 00:09:05.379 --> 00:09:06.797 going from home to school? 108 00:09:06.880 --> 00:09:09.299 They are at home, in a box. 109 00:09:09.383 --> 00:09:14.263 Apartments and houses have very few open-air areas after all. 110 00:09:14.346 --> 00:09:17.599 Then they enter a car, another box, 111 00:09:17.683 --> 00:09:20.394 and arrive at school, entering yet another box. 112 00:09:20.477 --> 00:09:22.604 When we think about it, 113 00:09:22.688 --> 00:09:27.192 we see that children spend 90% of their time indoors. 114 00:09:31.405 --> 00:09:34.241 I was very free. My siblings, my cousins, and I 115 00:09:34.324 --> 00:09:36.285 played all kinds of games: 116 00:09:36.368 --> 00:09:41.206 kites, marbles, street luges... 117 00:09:41.290 --> 00:09:44.001 We were left to our own devices. 118 00:09:47.671 --> 00:09:51.175 It's funny that we had all this freedom 119 00:09:51.258 --> 00:09:54.428 and I'm so strict with Mateus, 120 00:09:54.511 --> 00:09:56.305 I keep him on a tight leash. 121 00:09:56.388 --> 00:10:00.642 And we know how nice it is to play, to run around, 122 00:10:00.726 --> 00:10:03.604 but, because of violence and all that's going on, 123 00:10:03.687 --> 00:10:07.149 we end up not letting Mateus go out on the street. 124 00:10:08.775 --> 00:10:12.196 Mateus has no time outdoors, all things considered. 125 00:10:13.197 --> 00:10:15.324 He can't play during the week. 126 00:10:35.093 --> 00:10:37.721 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 127 00:11:07.167 --> 00:11:09.962 ANTHROPOLOGIST AND PRIMATOLOGIST 128 00:12:09.605 --> 00:12:13.108 My grandma used to say the river in our neighborhood was clean. 129 00:12:13.192 --> 00:12:15.319 She was always swimming in it. 130 00:12:15.736 --> 00:12:19.198 But now no one goes in, it's become a garbage dump. 131 00:12:19.740 --> 00:12:22.492 Do you or did you use to play on the street? 132 00:12:23.160 --> 00:12:24.411 -No way! -No. 133 00:12:24.494 --> 00:12:27.456 If I play on the street I'll be run over by a car. 134 00:12:27.539 --> 00:12:32.669 When I'm at home all I can do is watch TV 135 00:12:33.003 --> 00:12:35.088 and that's boring. 136 00:12:35.172 --> 00:12:38.342 What is very sad 137 00:12:39.009 --> 00:12:43.847 is that, since there's so much pollution, we can't breathe well. 138 00:12:43.931 --> 00:12:47.601 So, when I go to Tepoztlán, or Colombia, 139 00:12:47.684 --> 00:12:49.353 I breathe as much as I can. 140 00:12:51.813 --> 00:12:55.192 We are exposing children today, 141 00:12:55.275 --> 00:12:56.860 in urban environments, 142 00:12:56.944 --> 00:12:59.238 to a number of challenges, demands, 143 00:12:59.321 --> 00:13:04.493 requirements, constraints that didn't exist before. 144 00:13:04.576 --> 00:13:07.496 Of course urban life has also brought advantages... 145 00:13:07.579 --> 00:13:09.665 PROFESSOR AND DOCTOR IN PUBLIC HEALTH 146 00:13:09.748 --> 00:13:13.168 ...access to cultural and educational goods, health care... 147 00:13:13.252 --> 00:13:17.381 But on the other hand, that comes with a high price to pay. 148 00:13:30.644 --> 00:13:33.772 AUTHOR OF LAST CHILD IN THE WOODS 149 00:14:06.305 --> 00:14:08.682 SÃO PAULO BRAZIL 150 00:14:17.858 --> 00:14:22.237 Patricia's head was always filled with thoughts. 151 00:14:23.780 --> 00:14:26.366 Her head was so full 152 00:14:26.450 --> 00:14:28.994 that she needed to find someone 153 00:14:29.077 --> 00:14:32.372 with whom she could share 154 00:14:32.456 --> 00:14:35.542 her thoughts, her creativity. 155 00:15:34.852 --> 00:15:37.896 What's the sense in waking up a child, dressing them in uniform... 156 00:15:37.980 --> 00:15:40.107 PLAY ARTIST AND OBSERVER OF CHILDREN'S CULTURE 157 00:15:40.190 --> 00:15:42.568 ...and leaving them in an enclosed space 158 00:15:42.651 --> 00:15:45.195 when their body and everything in them 159 00:15:45.279 --> 00:15:46.989 is telling them to move, 160 00:15:47.072 --> 00:15:50.409 to find nature, to touch the planet, 161 00:15:50.492 --> 00:15:51.827 to walk on the planet, 162 00:15:51.910 --> 00:15:54.079 to turn the planet into a toy, 163 00:15:54.162 --> 00:15:56.832 to grow up nestled by nature? 164 00:16:05.340 --> 00:16:09.469 More and more in the school structure and its spaces, 165 00:16:10.721 --> 00:16:14.057 if there's a square inch of earth, it's torn down 166 00:16:14.141 --> 00:16:16.226 in order to build more infrastructure. 167 00:16:17.102 --> 00:16:18.562 Why is cement better? 168 00:16:18.645 --> 00:16:21.690 Because otherwise we'd need to take care of it, water it 169 00:16:21.773 --> 00:16:23.692 and children would get dirty. 170 00:16:23.775 --> 00:16:29.156 This makes schools start to look like factories or prisons. 171 00:16:31.450 --> 00:16:34.620 And a child that grows for 12 years in a space like this 172 00:16:35.120 --> 00:16:37.206 will leave it to meet a world, 173 00:16:37.289 --> 00:16:40.751 and they'll look at a tree but won't see it, 174 00:16:41.376 --> 00:16:44.546 as it's never been a part of their worldview, 175 00:16:44.630 --> 00:16:46.423 of their life's ecosystem. 176 00:16:49.426 --> 00:16:51.720 Breaking school walls is hard. 177 00:16:52.179 --> 00:16:54.097 Why is that so? 178 00:16:55.432 --> 00:16:58.936 Because the space that is socially constructed 179 00:16:59.394 --> 00:17:04.191 to support this process of knowledge transfer, 180 00:17:04.274 --> 00:17:06.693 the so-called "teaching-learning", 181 00:17:06.777 --> 00:17:08.028 is the classroom. 182 00:17:08.779 --> 00:17:11.823 The outside is the space of nothingness. 183 00:17:21.250 --> 00:17:24.419 CHILD ENVIRONMENT & BEHAVIOR RESEARCHER 184 00:18:35.949 --> 00:18:38.493 NOVO HAMBURGO BRAZIL 185 00:18:54.468 --> 00:18:56.386 PUBLIC PRESCHOOL ERNEST SARLET 186 00:18:56.470 --> 00:18:59.264 Being inside four walls suffocates children. 187 00:19:00.015 --> 00:19:03.393 They cry to express that a space displeases them. 188 00:19:03.477 --> 00:19:05.312 When they repeatedly try to escape from a space... 189 00:19:05.395 --> 00:19:07.731 PRESCHOOL MANAGER 190 00:19:07.814 --> 00:19:11.193 ...it means that this space no longer suits their needs. 191 00:19:11.276 --> 00:19:14.363 They look out the window constantly. 192 00:19:14.446 --> 00:19:17.491 Those are all signs, 193 00:19:17.574 --> 00:19:20.077 a different way for children to tell us something 194 00:19:20.160 --> 00:19:22.412 that we couldn't see before. 195 00:19:22.496 --> 00:19:24.998 Any animals up there? 196 00:19:25.082 --> 00:19:27.167 -Can't see anything? -No. 197 00:19:27.251 --> 00:19:29.545 -Isn't the butterfly there? -No. 198 00:19:29.962 --> 00:19:32.798 -Are there trees? -There are trees. 199 00:19:33.298 --> 00:19:36.510 Yeah? And who's going to slide down the slope today? 200 00:19:36.593 --> 00:19:38.804 -Me! -Me, me, me, me! 201 00:19:40.722 --> 00:19:43.058 I love wearing rubber boots. 202 00:19:47.354 --> 00:19:48.856 We're going! 203 00:19:53.068 --> 00:19:54.486 Let's go! 204 00:19:59.908 --> 00:20:03.495 Our experience here, of giving thought to school spaces, 205 00:20:03.579 --> 00:20:06.540 to the school's outdoor areas, 206 00:20:06.623 --> 00:20:09.418 is an experience of a public school system. 207 00:20:09.501 --> 00:20:11.712 Being in contact with nature, 208 00:20:11.795 --> 00:20:15.090 coming outside every day, 209 00:20:15.174 --> 00:20:16.925 playing outdoors 210 00:20:17.009 --> 00:20:20.179 for a substantial amount of time every day. 211 00:20:20.262 --> 00:20:24.391 That's our choice for all preschools in this school system. 212 00:20:29.021 --> 00:20:30.731 Witch! 213 00:20:31.940 --> 00:20:34.276 Where are you? 214 00:20:34.776 --> 00:20:37.362 I'm looking for you. 215 00:20:37.863 --> 00:20:39.615 Witch? 216 00:20:40.324 --> 00:20:42.117 She's not there. 217 00:20:42.201 --> 00:20:44.536 I always think that as rich as a classroom may be... 218 00:20:44.620 --> 00:20:46.788 PRESCHOOL TEACHER 219 00:20:46.872 --> 00:20:48.832 ...it's never going to offer 220 00:20:48.916 --> 00:20:52.920 what the outside, the schoolyard, has to offer. 221 00:20:53.003 --> 00:20:54.713 Of course, it has to be a rich yard: 222 00:20:54.796 --> 00:20:58.884 an asphalt sports court is very poor. 223 00:20:58.967 --> 00:21:02.554 Life happens on the outside. 224 00:21:04.348 --> 00:21:07.351 When a child is playing outdoors 225 00:21:07.434 --> 00:21:09.561 all of their systems are engaged: 226 00:21:10.312 --> 00:21:14.358 balance, strength, courage, 227 00:21:14.441 --> 00:21:17.819 everything is there when we're doing an activity outside. 228 00:21:46.974 --> 00:21:49.393 One, two, three, go! 229 00:22:03.198 --> 00:22:06.451 PROFESSOR EMERITUS AT THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT 230 00:22:36.648 --> 00:22:39.318 There are no cars coming. 231 00:22:56.627 --> 00:22:58.462 Malaguzzi, who's an Italian educator... 232 00:22:58.545 --> 00:22:59.880 FOUNDER OF PÁTIO VIVO 233 00:22:59.963 --> 00:23:01.757 ...says that space is the third educator, 234 00:23:01.840 --> 00:23:04.801 as it conveys and promotes things... 235 00:23:05.427 --> 00:23:09.223 It's great to see how children can find meaning 236 00:23:09.306 --> 00:23:13.852 in very simple elements, they'll create with what they have. 237 00:23:13.936 --> 00:23:17.356 We can guide them a little, but what's truly remarkable 238 00:23:17.439 --> 00:23:21.735 is seeing them transform things and give them new meaning. 239 00:23:22.152 --> 00:23:25.864 It's a fish! And I caught a shark. 240 00:23:26.365 --> 00:23:27.950 This is the shark. 241 00:23:36.750 --> 00:23:39.419 -It's still hot. -Still hot? 242 00:23:39.503 --> 00:23:40.838 Yes, it is. 243 00:23:40.921 --> 00:23:42.422 Let's eat now! 244 00:23:42.506 --> 00:23:45.092 No, you got to wait for it to cool down. 245 00:23:54.226 --> 00:23:57.145 I'm the mommy and you're the daddy 246 00:23:57.229 --> 00:24:00.190 and you're the son and you're the kitty, OK? 247 00:24:08.323 --> 00:24:10.325 This is going to light the fire. 248 00:24:43.525 --> 00:24:48.071 Teamwork. Let's put this in that huge shelter. 249 00:24:48.697 --> 00:24:50.574 Good morning, how are you? 250 00:24:53.118 --> 00:24:54.870 I think you place it like this. 251 00:25:21.063 --> 00:25:22.356 When children play, 252 00:25:22.439 --> 00:25:25.692 they learn things that aren't concepts. 253 00:25:25.776 --> 00:25:27.444 PLAY RESEARCHER 254 00:25:27.528 --> 00:25:32.324 They learn to acknowledge what's alive inside things. 255 00:26:01.937 --> 00:26:03.772 João, look at me! 256 00:26:03.856 --> 00:26:07.109 -Ew. -I'm a furry monster. 257 00:26:13.073 --> 00:26:16.326 In early childhood, they need to form relationships freely. 258 00:26:16.702 --> 00:26:19.663 We can't just set boundaries and say, 259 00:26:19.746 --> 00:26:22.332 "Spiders build webs for this and that reason." 260 00:26:23.542 --> 00:26:26.420 Is that the only reason it builds the web? 261 00:26:26.503 --> 00:26:28.839 How does the spider feel when building a web? 262 00:26:28.922 --> 00:26:30.174 Children relate to that. 263 00:26:30.716 --> 00:26:32.384 They create hypotheses about it. 264 00:26:32.467 --> 00:26:35.596 And it is important that they themselves try every possibility. 265 00:26:50.235 --> 00:26:52.070 It's burning! 266 00:29:47.663 --> 00:29:51.625 For them to learn, understand, unveil knowledge, 267 00:29:51.708 --> 00:29:54.294 their moving bodies have to be involved. 268 00:29:54.378 --> 00:29:56.839 That's what children's culture says. 269 00:29:59.675 --> 00:30:04.471 No content that's revolutionary or deeply transformative 270 00:30:05.305 --> 00:30:07.432 means anything for an inert body. 271 00:30:07.516 --> 00:30:12.354 There's no point in having a revolutionary brain 272 00:30:12.437 --> 00:30:15.357 in a body that's... 273 00:30:16.692 --> 00:30:17.818 meek. 274 00:30:28.245 --> 00:30:32.207 It's sad to watch children running and tripping over their own feet 275 00:30:32.291 --> 00:30:35.502 because they haven't developed their bodies well. 276 00:30:41.842 --> 00:30:46.388 These schoolyards were made flat to be extra safe, 277 00:30:46.471 --> 00:30:48.390 and the opposite happened: 278 00:30:48.473 --> 00:30:52.144 we're seeing children hurt themselves 279 00:30:52.227 --> 00:30:55.189 as they haven't developed well due to overprotection. 280 00:31:05.157 --> 00:31:07.284 When Thiago came to the school 281 00:31:07.367 --> 00:31:09.119 he'd go to the playground and wouldn't move. 282 00:31:09.203 --> 00:31:10.495 He just cried and cried. 283 00:31:10.579 --> 00:31:12.122 TEACHER 284 00:31:12.206 --> 00:31:16.043 Thus his face would get all messy and attract flies. 285 00:31:16.126 --> 00:31:17.961 We'd tell him to swat the flies from his face, 286 00:31:18.045 --> 00:31:20.088 but he cried and wouldn't even move. 287 00:31:20.172 --> 00:31:21.798 Now Thiago goes everywhere. 288 00:31:27.137 --> 00:31:28.263 This is fun! 289 00:31:28.347 --> 00:31:31.934 Last year we got a girl whose parents sold home-cooked food. 290 00:31:32.017 --> 00:31:35.437 She had nowhere to go, so she played on the living room carpet all day. 291 00:31:37.523 --> 00:31:40.150 When she learned how to run and felt safe running 292 00:31:40.234 --> 00:31:43.195 she'd fall down. She'd get clumsy and fall. 293 00:31:43.946 --> 00:31:48.700 One day her mother asked, "Why does she scrape her knee every day?" 294 00:31:48.784 --> 00:31:51.995 I said, "She's learning how to run. Now she has to learn how to fall!" 295 00:32:13.016 --> 00:32:14.142 Really? 296 00:32:15.102 --> 00:32:17.437 If I can see it, I'll just have to climb. 297 00:32:21.275 --> 00:32:24.027 Be careful on those stairs! 298 00:32:38.792 --> 00:32:41.962 PROFESSOR EMERITA IN ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN 299 00:33:30.344 --> 00:33:34.181 This process of "urbanizing" life, so to speak, 300 00:33:34.264 --> 00:33:38.477 that controls urban spaces more and more 301 00:33:38.560 --> 00:33:40.896 puts children's lives under tight control. 302 00:33:48.862 --> 00:33:52.741 Spaces where a child can run, 303 00:33:52.824 --> 00:33:53.992 play, jump around... 304 00:33:54.076 --> 00:33:55.661 INSTITUTE OF PSYCHOLOGY 305 00:33:55.744 --> 00:33:58.956 ...use their bodies' energy potential, 306 00:33:59.039 --> 00:34:01.458 know their bodies' potential, 307 00:34:01.542 --> 00:34:06.380 this has been tightly restricted during their development. 308 00:34:15.722 --> 00:34:17.516 Today I saw a mother 309 00:34:17.599 --> 00:34:19.685 who'd first been in my office when she was pregnant. 310 00:34:19.768 --> 00:34:22.229 PEDIATRICIAN, PUBLIC HEALTH PHYSICIAN, AND CHILDREN'S RIGHTS ACTIVIST 311 00:34:22.312 --> 00:34:24.648 She asked, "Can I really let my son sit on the grass?" 312 00:34:24.731 --> 00:34:27.734 "Won't he get ill? Can't there be germs there?" 313 00:34:29.027 --> 00:34:34.366 There's this widespread notion 314 00:34:34.449 --> 00:34:37.619 that nature is dirty, dangerous, 315 00:34:37.703 --> 00:34:40.831 and brings disease when, actually, the opposite is true. 316 00:34:49.715 --> 00:34:52.509 Our skin contains billions of bacteria 317 00:34:52.593 --> 00:34:55.846 and it benefits from this exchange with the natural environment. 318 00:35:03.145 --> 00:35:04.938 We know today, scientifically, 319 00:35:05.022 --> 00:35:09.776 that children who live in sterile bubbles 320 00:35:09.860 --> 00:35:11.737 get sick more often later on, 321 00:35:11.820 --> 00:35:14.072 are less prepared to fight infections, 322 00:35:14.156 --> 00:35:16.909 everyday infections can become serious for them 323 00:35:16.992 --> 00:35:20.579 and they tend to have more chronic and autoimmune diseases 324 00:35:20.662 --> 00:35:23.665 such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and other serious diseases. 325 00:35:32.925 --> 00:35:38.305 This conjunction of negative, oppressive factors on childhood, 326 00:35:38.639 --> 00:35:41.433 makes children symptomatic. 327 00:35:41.517 --> 00:35:44.811 They'll become disobedient, sleepless, 328 00:35:44.895 --> 00:35:48.774 they gain weight, misbehave, 329 00:35:48.857 --> 00:35:50.817 do poorly in school. 330 00:35:54.738 --> 00:35:58.075 And instead of looking at this childhood 331 00:35:58.158 --> 00:36:00.661 that is full of oppression 332 00:36:01.161 --> 00:36:03.705 and trying to revert the process 333 00:36:03.789 --> 00:36:06.750 making childhood more natural and healthy, 334 00:36:06.834 --> 00:36:10.629 we introduce another harmful element: medicalization. 335 00:36:24.101 --> 00:36:27.229 "Dad-dy..." 336 00:36:27.312 --> 00:36:29.606 "Daddy, I lo-- 337 00:36:30.315 --> 00:36:33.193 I love you." 338 00:36:33.277 --> 00:36:34.862 "Daddy, I love you." 339 00:36:37.906 --> 00:36:41.368 Mateus couldn't complete the activities. 340 00:36:41.451 --> 00:36:45.622 When he was around five, at late preschool, 341 00:36:45.706 --> 00:36:49.001 he started having trouble keeping up with school tasks. 342 00:36:49.084 --> 00:36:52.754 That is a burden on school routine. 343 00:36:52.838 --> 00:36:56.675 We started working with him 344 00:36:56.758 --> 00:36:59.678 to try to reach a diagnosis. 345 00:36:59.761 --> 00:37:01.972 But it's difficult, 346 00:37:02.055 --> 00:37:05.767 because the school has one view, health professionals have another. 347 00:37:05.851 --> 00:37:09.938 Reaching a diagnosis isn't as easy as we first thought. 348 00:37:10.022 --> 00:37:11.773 -Open all of them. -I will. 349 00:37:12.191 --> 00:37:13.734 All of them. 350 00:37:17.779 --> 00:37:21.533 The educational psychologist said it was dyslexia. 351 00:37:21.617 --> 00:37:26.038 The speech therapist said he had ADHD. 352 00:37:26.121 --> 00:37:29.833 The neurologist is examining him 353 00:37:29.917 --> 00:37:34.004 to settle the diagnosis on ADHD or dyslexia. 354 00:37:35.839 --> 00:37:38.509 And my child is there, in the middle of it all. 355 00:37:38.592 --> 00:37:41.637 "Now you have to do this." "Now you do that." 356 00:37:41.720 --> 00:37:45.891 So last vacation we decided to put an end to all therapies: 357 00:37:45.974 --> 00:37:49.811 no speech therapy sessions, no psychologist appointments, nothing! 358 00:37:49.895 --> 00:37:53.815 He spent his vacation playing on the street. 359 00:37:53.899 --> 00:37:56.527 Flying kites, things that we... 360 00:37:56.610 --> 00:37:59.530 We were dead scared but we let him. 361 00:38:01.615 --> 00:38:04.159 One, two, one, two, three, go! 362 00:38:04.243 --> 00:38:05.577 I can do it. 363 00:38:10.040 --> 00:38:14.503 It's amazing! Mateus didn't have a headache once during his vacation. 364 00:38:14.586 --> 00:38:16.588 We didn't have to take him to the ER. 365 00:38:16.672 --> 00:38:19.466 He played around in the cold, barefoot. 366 00:38:19.550 --> 00:38:22.135 Everything went well. 367 00:38:22.219 --> 00:38:23.846 He was really happy. 368 00:38:27.432 --> 00:38:29.685 Where's the stick? It's there. 369 00:38:33.397 --> 00:38:36.608 Children don't get sick on their own. 370 00:38:37.109 --> 00:38:40.112 When we consider the concepts of normality and disease: 371 00:38:40.195 --> 00:38:42.364 what are they in relation to? 372 00:38:42.447 --> 00:38:45.742 Who or what kind of environment are they in relation to? 373 00:38:45.826 --> 00:38:50.080 What are the expectations we have for that child? 374 00:38:50.163 --> 00:38:54.042 When a child falls sick, it's always within a context. 375 00:40:12.120 --> 00:40:15.707 PROFESSOR OF PSYCHOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 376 00:41:24.526 --> 00:41:28.405 Ok, the fruit one is boring and so is this one. 377 00:41:31.909 --> 00:41:32.910 I know! 378 00:42:59.955 --> 00:43:02.457 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF PEDIATRICS 379 00:43:19.516 --> 00:43:21.768 ALFREDO VOLPI PARK SÃO PAULO - BRAZIL 380 00:43:21.852 --> 00:43:25.731 We're here today to have a very fun walk. 381 00:43:25.814 --> 00:43:28.984 We have to pay attention to the children. 382 00:43:29.067 --> 00:43:31.987 It's all about their time, their discoveries. 383 00:43:32.070 --> 00:43:34.781 They'll grab whatever they want from the ground, OK? 384 00:43:34.865 --> 00:43:37.201 What else is important? 385 00:43:38.202 --> 00:43:41.163 Ah, yes, no phones! 386 00:43:41.580 --> 00:43:44.917 Today we're connecting to the children and to nature. 387 00:43:45.000 --> 00:43:48.378 That means today we'll be unplugged. 388 00:44:09.566 --> 00:44:11.818 -I want one! -Cool, huh? 389 00:44:28.168 --> 00:44:30.963 Let me smell it. Hm, that's nice! 390 00:44:31.046 --> 00:44:32.297 Look how noisy it is! 391 00:44:48.146 --> 00:44:50.774 It's crucial that we understand that time spent in nature 392 00:44:50.858 --> 00:44:54.403 is time invested in the well-being of a family. 393 00:44:54.486 --> 00:44:55.988 FORESTRY ENGINEER 394 00:44:56.071 --> 00:44:59.157 It's not only for children, but also for their parents. 395 00:44:59.616 --> 00:45:00.868 Is it difficult? Yes. 396 00:45:00.951 --> 00:45:03.036 For many people it is, no doubt. 397 00:45:03.412 --> 00:45:06.248 The great challenge is time. 398 00:45:06.331 --> 00:45:08.834 Time and having a mentoring adult. 399 00:45:08.917 --> 00:45:10.961 Someone with a more sensitive view. 400 00:46:15.150 --> 00:46:19.238 So many parents give us this kind of feedback: 401 00:46:19.321 --> 00:46:22.366 "It'd been so long since we'd felt a true connection." 402 00:46:23.116 --> 00:46:25.244 What does it mean to feel a true connection? 403 00:46:25.327 --> 00:46:27.329 To allow yourself to truly connect? 404 00:46:27.412 --> 00:46:31.208 Why don't I feel like I truly connect? 405 00:46:31.667 --> 00:46:34.920 What can being in this outside, free environment... 406 00:46:35.003 --> 00:46:37.005 EDUCATOR EXPERT IN EDUCATION AND NATURE 407 00:46:37.089 --> 00:46:38.841 ...allow to happen? 408 00:46:39.466 --> 00:46:41.301 Who's going underneath? 409 00:46:42.427 --> 00:46:44.930 Who's going underneath, who's going above? 410 00:46:53.355 --> 00:46:56.108 Can you reach it? Leo is below, too. 411 00:47:35.647 --> 00:47:37.691 We can even mitigate, 412 00:47:37.774 --> 00:47:41.069 on a smaller scale of families and schools, 413 00:47:41.153 --> 00:47:42.821 this longing for nature. 414 00:47:42.905 --> 00:47:46.575 We can increase the presence of nature on a family level, 415 00:47:46.658 --> 00:47:49.828 or on a school level 416 00:47:49.912 --> 00:47:52.289 with significant changes 417 00:47:52.372 --> 00:47:54.958 that aren't that difficult. 418 00:47:55.042 --> 00:47:56.668 But the biggest challenge 419 00:47:56.752 --> 00:48:00.214 and the one that's going to make a difference from now on 420 00:48:00.297 --> 00:48:03.800 for children in 10, 15, 20 years' time 421 00:48:03.884 --> 00:48:05.469 is the urban environment. 422 00:48:05.969 --> 00:48:09.973 We need cities that have more green integrated. 423 00:48:10.057 --> 00:48:13.727 We need friendlier cities. 424 00:48:51.098 --> 00:48:52.391 Want to try? 425 00:48:55.936 --> 00:48:58.897 These tadpoles aren't helping. 426 00:48:59.940 --> 00:49:01.316 Did you see the tadpoles? 427 00:49:30.387 --> 00:49:34.016 AMADEU DECOME SQUARE SÃO PAULO - BRAZIL 428 00:49:36.935 --> 00:49:39.688 Some water... Here. 429 00:49:39.771 --> 00:49:43.400 When my daughter was three months old 430 00:49:43.483 --> 00:49:45.986 we moved to a house in front of a square 431 00:49:46.361 --> 00:49:50.157 and she began to use that area as she grew. 432 00:49:50.240 --> 00:49:51.617 BOA PRAÇA MOVEMENT 433 00:49:51.700 --> 00:49:53.744 When she was four years old 434 00:49:53.827 --> 00:49:57.539 I realized she'd bloomed, learned thousands of things: 435 00:49:57.623 --> 00:50:00.667 to walk, climb, talk, 436 00:50:00.751 --> 00:50:04.588 and the square had simply decayed. That bothered me. 437 00:50:04.671 --> 00:50:08.300 I decided I wanted to do something. 438 00:50:08.383 --> 00:50:13.514 That's when I started looking into what we could do and how. 439 00:50:14.556 --> 00:50:16.892 This was another picnic. 440 00:50:18.185 --> 00:50:22.606 We began to have picnics regularly in the neighborhood squares. 441 00:50:22.689 --> 00:50:24.525 Every last Sunday of the month. 442 00:50:24.608 --> 00:50:26.568 And we arrived at a motto: 443 00:50:26.652 --> 00:50:31.490 to try and leave the square better than when we came in. 444 00:50:32.783 --> 00:50:35.619 As we used the squares for our picnics 445 00:50:35.702 --> 00:50:39.998 we realized we could make several improvements ourselves, 446 00:50:40.082 --> 00:50:41.291 among neighbors. 447 00:50:41.375 --> 00:50:45.838 Talents sprung as we got to know the people. 448 00:50:46.713 --> 00:50:51.176 There were also structural issues, related to mobility, 449 00:50:51.260 --> 00:50:56.598 water draining, more complex tasks. 450 00:50:56.682 --> 00:51:00.435 That's when we started to look for alternatives 451 00:51:00.519 --> 00:51:03.313 and ask for more from the public authorities. 452 00:51:03.397 --> 00:51:07.484 And we began to look into what could be done 453 00:51:07.568 --> 00:51:09.278 to get those improvements. 454 00:51:12.990 --> 00:51:15.951 Whenever there's a picnic I'm happy 455 00:51:16.743 --> 00:51:20.455 because I know I'll get in touch 456 00:51:20.539 --> 00:51:23.876 with all this nature thing again. 457 00:51:24.668 --> 00:51:27.838 When I come here, I realize I was very apart 458 00:51:27.921 --> 00:51:32.968 from this whole other world. 459 00:51:33.051 --> 00:51:36.513 I look at one side and I see too many cars, too much noise. 460 00:51:36.597 --> 00:51:42.311 I look at the other, I see a bunch of trees, a small forest. 461 00:51:42.895 --> 00:51:46.481 That's what I like more. 462 00:51:53.113 --> 00:51:55.699 Almost every time I go to a square to do some work 463 00:51:55.782 --> 00:51:58.035 I ask the question, "Who owns a square?" 464 00:51:58.118 --> 00:52:00.787 There are usually two answers: 465 00:52:00.871 --> 00:52:03.123 "Everyone" or "nobody". 466 00:52:03.540 --> 00:52:06.251 Which I think are similar answers. 467 00:52:06.335 --> 00:52:09.713 Because "everyone" and "no one" are never "me". 468 00:52:09.796 --> 00:52:12.466 But I think my children consider this "their" square. 469 00:52:19.765 --> 00:52:21.934 All right, let's make a... Right here, look. 470 00:52:22.017 --> 00:52:26.605 A city that can give the streets back to the children, nowadays, 471 00:52:26.688 --> 00:52:30.776 is a city with lower levels of violence, 472 00:52:30.859 --> 00:52:33.570 a city that has public spaces 473 00:52:33.654 --> 00:52:36.615 where there's a balance between traffic flow 474 00:52:36.698 --> 00:52:40.619 and use of streets for recreational purposes. 475 00:52:40.702 --> 00:52:42.663 Being outdoors on the streets 476 00:52:42.746 --> 00:52:46.250 is easily related to a good quality childhood 477 00:52:46.333 --> 00:52:47.793 and also good city management. 478 00:52:47.876 --> 00:52:49.127 COORDINATOR OF THE CRIANÇA E NATUREZA PROGRAM 479 00:53:00.222 --> 00:53:01.849 For a neighborhood to become a community, 480 00:53:01.932 --> 00:53:05.060 public spaces have to be the meeting point. 481 00:53:05.143 --> 00:53:06.645 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 482 00:53:06.728 --> 00:53:09.690 If they aren't, there'll never be a spirit of community in a neighborhood. 483 00:53:12.526 --> 00:53:16.697 When they have nowhere to meet outside the house, 484 00:53:16.780 --> 00:53:20.075 children and teens stay inside, 485 00:53:20.158 --> 00:53:23.537 turning private spaces into collective ones. 486 00:53:23.620 --> 00:53:26.957 And public spaces that, in general, are grey areas... 487 00:53:27.040 --> 00:53:28.375 R&D DIRECTOR 488 00:53:28.458 --> 00:53:32.129 ...can become focal points 489 00:53:32.546 --> 00:53:34.381 of community danger. 490 00:53:41.263 --> 00:53:43.891 There are currently nine neighborhoods that concentrate 491 00:53:43.974 --> 00:53:47.603 50% of the green area in Santiago. 492 00:53:47.686 --> 00:53:51.565 And all the others, more than 40 neighborhoods, 493 00:53:51.648 --> 00:53:54.151 share the other half of the green area. 494 00:54:16.340 --> 00:54:19.134 IDA B. WELLS HOMES CHICAGO - USA 495 00:56:01.945 --> 00:56:05.407 BILLINGS DAM SÃO PAULO - BRAZIL 496 00:56:16.043 --> 00:56:18.504 My parents... Children's parents in general 497 00:56:18.587 --> 00:56:21.048 are usually very worried about safety. 498 00:56:21.131 --> 00:56:25.302 Wherever you go, there's a robbery or something similar. 499 00:56:25.385 --> 00:56:27.304 My father doesn't let me go out. 500 00:56:27.387 --> 00:56:31.391 When I ask him, he either tells me to ask my mother 501 00:56:31.475 --> 00:56:33.602 or says nothing, just shakes his head. 502 00:56:34.478 --> 00:56:37.814 But I like playing very much. I like to be free. 503 00:56:38.190 --> 00:56:41.527 No way I'd stay inside doing nothing. 504 00:56:58.460 --> 00:57:01.505 In our neighborhood we used to have... 505 00:57:02.047 --> 00:57:04.633 we still have very few recreational areas. 506 00:57:05.092 --> 00:57:06.760 We, as kids, always tried... 507 00:57:06.844 --> 00:57:08.595 PEDAGOGICAL COORDINATOR 508 00:57:08.679 --> 00:57:12.307 ...to find spaces to play in wherever they should be. 509 00:57:12.391 --> 00:57:14.810 Where we'd like them to be: 510 00:57:14.893 --> 00:57:16.979 our street, our field... 511 00:57:22.150 --> 00:57:25.487 Sailing in São Paulo is already unusual, 512 00:57:25.571 --> 00:57:29.199 but sailing in the outskirts of São Paulo is extraordinary. 513 00:57:44.548 --> 00:57:46.008 When I started sailing 514 00:57:46.091 --> 00:57:48.802 it changed my view of the world. 515 00:57:48.886 --> 00:57:51.513 -I'd been afraid of dipping my feet... -Me too. 516 00:57:51.597 --> 00:57:52.890 ...or hands in the water. 517 00:57:52.973 --> 00:57:55.475 Before I started sailing, I thought the dam was garbage. 518 00:57:55.559 --> 00:57:58.103 It was dirty, gross, smelly, 519 00:57:58.187 --> 00:57:59.771 full of trash. 520 00:58:00.647 --> 00:58:03.650 -What's this one called? -Mast. 521 00:58:03.734 --> 00:58:05.360 Mast. And this one? 522 00:58:05.444 --> 00:58:06.445 Boom. 523 00:58:06.528 --> 00:58:08.113 -And this one? -Sail. 524 00:58:08.197 --> 00:58:11.366 You've noticed that this boat has no motor, right? 525 00:58:11.450 --> 00:58:15.412 This is a sailboat, it's pushed forward by the wind. 526 00:58:31.345 --> 00:58:35.432 When I'm on a boat, I feel much freer, more peaceful. 527 00:58:35.933 --> 00:58:39.311 We let go of all negativity we were carrying. 528 00:58:39.394 --> 00:58:42.105 It puts you in a completely different mood. 529 00:58:43.857 --> 00:58:47.945 It's a moment that's all yours. 530 00:58:51.865 --> 00:58:55.661 Sailing, to me, is above all a sport. 531 00:58:55.744 --> 00:59:00.457 It's initially all about connecting to your body, 532 00:59:00.541 --> 00:59:04.044 learning things, overcoming difficulties. 533 00:59:04.378 --> 00:59:08.549 We build, little by little, this relationship with the boat, 534 00:59:08.632 --> 00:59:11.802 with sailing, with occupying the dam, 535 00:59:11.885 --> 00:59:14.680 with looking around our territory. 536 00:59:20.060 --> 00:59:23.146 This neighborhood is already perfect to me. 537 00:59:23.230 --> 00:59:27.276 I'd like it to have a few more trees, though. 538 00:59:27.359 --> 00:59:29.361 And not to be as polluted as it is. 539 00:59:29.444 --> 00:59:33.198 What I'd really like would be for this dam to be very clean. 540 00:59:33.282 --> 00:59:36.076 So clean that we'd be able to drink the water. 541 00:59:42.875 --> 00:59:46.461 For previous generations it was clear, 542 00:59:46.545 --> 00:59:50.090 especially for people who lived close to nature, 543 00:59:50.465 --> 00:59:52.885 that we and nature are totally interdependent. 544 00:59:52.968 --> 00:59:57.306 What happens to plants, animals, and the whole environment 545 00:59:57.389 --> 00:59:59.099 will also happen to us. 546 00:59:59.183 --> 01:00:01.643 Over time, we came to lose this perception. 547 01:00:01.727 --> 01:00:03.854 We feel that what happens to nature 548 01:00:03.937 --> 01:00:06.231 won't necessarily happen to us. 549 01:00:06.315 --> 01:00:07.983 If our water is contaminated, 550 01:00:08.066 --> 01:00:11.528 I'll drink from my plastic water bottle, no problem. 551 01:00:11.987 --> 01:00:15.574 The air may be polluted, but not inside my house, 552 01:00:15.657 --> 01:00:17.826 only outside. 553 01:00:18.327 --> 01:00:20.120 And we know that isn't true. 554 01:00:20.204 --> 01:00:24.208 But we have a way of thinking, an "operating system", 555 01:00:24.291 --> 01:00:29.588 that says we don't depend on nature for our well-being. 556 01:00:29.671 --> 01:00:32.132 That is the great issue. 557 01:00:46.688 --> 01:00:49.316 The question that remains for all of us is, 558 01:00:50.150 --> 01:00:52.361 "Am I being a good ancestor?" 559 01:00:53.820 --> 01:00:57.574 "How much are my actions of today 560 01:00:57.658 --> 01:00:59.910 defining my descendants' lives?" 561 01:00:59.993 --> 01:01:02.037 NATURE LEARNING FACILITATOR 562 01:01:02.120 --> 01:01:06.583 My own descendants and the ones of my species. 563 01:01:14.132 --> 01:01:17.886 There was a study done a few years ago 564 01:01:18.345 --> 01:01:22.683 where children were asked to draw what they thought represented nature. 565 01:01:22.766 --> 01:01:24.476 Children from various locations. 566 01:01:24.560 --> 01:01:28.564 These children were five to eight years old. 567 01:01:28.647 --> 01:01:30.524 The conclusion was very interesting. 568 01:01:30.607 --> 01:01:34.903 The Herero are a people that live in villages between Namibia and Angola. 569 01:01:34.987 --> 01:01:38.782 Some Herero children, when drawing three things 570 01:01:38.866 --> 01:01:40.492 that looked like nature, 571 01:01:40.576 --> 01:01:45.330 drew not only the sun, but their hand, foot, mother... 572 01:01:45.414 --> 01:01:49.126 Yanomami children, who are closer to us, also drew their hand, foot, 573 01:01:49.209 --> 01:01:51.545 their own mother, themselves. 574 01:01:51.628 --> 01:01:54.506 Children from Kentucky, New York, and São Paulo 575 01:01:54.590 --> 01:01:57.384 drew a sun, a tree, a bird. 576 01:01:57.467 --> 01:01:59.261 That occurred regularly. 577 01:01:59.344 --> 01:02:00.846 Not because of the children, 578 01:02:00.929 --> 01:02:04.641 but because of a culture that involves and constitutes them, 579 01:02:04.725 --> 01:02:08.187 which makes them think that nature is the "other". 580 01:02:11.064 --> 01:02:13.775 MEXICO CITY MEXICO 581 01:02:23.202 --> 01:02:28.498 We need to realize that Earth is our best teacher. 582 01:02:28.999 --> 01:02:31.668 Nature makes things perfectly 583 01:02:31.752 --> 01:02:33.545 and the universe is proof of that. 584 01:02:37.424 --> 01:02:39.801 So why not put children... 585 01:02:39.885 --> 01:02:41.261 FOUNDER 586 01:02:41.345 --> 01:02:45.724 ...inside a living lab that is a garden, so that they can learn from it? 587 01:02:49.770 --> 01:02:51.772 Yay. I love this. 588 01:02:53.941 --> 01:02:57.194 -This one? -Yes, let's water the plants. 589 01:03:21.760 --> 01:03:24.221 Where are the worms? 590 01:03:24.304 --> 01:03:27.558 -They're in their homes. -Why? 591 01:03:28.058 --> 01:03:30.018 So we can see them, take care of them, 592 01:03:30.102 --> 01:03:33.814 they can give us their poo to feed the plants, remember? 593 01:03:33.897 --> 01:03:37.943 There's no sun shining on them there. 594 01:03:38.026 --> 01:03:43.240 -Exactly. -Is worm poo hard? 595 01:03:43.323 --> 01:03:45.033 Look at their poo. 596 01:03:47.286 --> 01:03:48.829 What do you think? 597 01:03:48.912 --> 01:03:51.164 I didn't know they pooed. 598 01:03:51.248 --> 01:03:52.791 Of course they poo! 599 01:03:54.626 --> 01:03:56.253 I want to touch them. 600 01:03:56.336 --> 01:03:58.463 -Me too! -Give it to me! 601 01:03:59.173 --> 01:04:01.008 I can feel it. 602 01:04:09.308 --> 01:04:12.436 Through autonomous work on the garden, 603 01:04:12.519 --> 01:04:16.064 children acquire some authentic ecology. 604 01:04:19.276 --> 01:04:24.156 They start to watch the garden's needs themselves. 605 01:04:24.239 --> 01:04:28.202 For example, when the bucket of sifted compost is empty, 606 01:04:28.285 --> 01:04:33.248 they'll decide to sift more compost themselves, 607 01:04:33.332 --> 01:04:35.501 because that's what the garden needs. 608 01:04:38.629 --> 01:04:41.965 Children learn to take care 609 01:04:42.382 --> 01:04:45.969 of their habitat, of the natural world, 610 01:04:46.053 --> 01:04:49.973 and, in a way, they learn to take care of themselves. 611 01:05:26.635 --> 01:05:30.806 XOCHIMILCO LAKE MEXICO CITY 612 01:05:37.563 --> 01:05:40.983 This whole process brings a great feeling, 613 01:05:41.066 --> 01:05:45.112 because you plant the seeds, then transplant them, 614 01:05:45.195 --> 01:05:48.991 then you wait, it grows, and you can eat it. 615 01:05:53.829 --> 01:05:58.333 It's very important to know where things come from. 616 01:05:58.417 --> 01:06:01.962 Otherwise, we don't know where we come from. 617 01:06:02.045 --> 01:06:05.090 We come from the earth, 618 01:06:05.174 --> 01:06:06.800 not the other way around. 619 01:06:07.259 --> 01:06:09.386 PIER 620 01:06:13.307 --> 01:06:15.475 Here, in Mexico valley, 621 01:06:15.559 --> 01:06:18.270 the Xochimilca started to build chinampas, 622 01:06:18.353 --> 01:06:23.567 which are islands made with mud and sticks, 623 01:06:24.443 --> 01:06:28.655 to open a space of fertile land for them to plant. 624 01:06:30.699 --> 01:06:33.493 So I began to tell the children 625 01:06:33.577 --> 01:06:36.413 where their agricultural tradition comes from. 626 01:06:45.714 --> 01:06:48.675 Look, here we have parsley, 627 01:06:48.759 --> 01:06:51.553 mustard, rutabaga, broccoli, 628 01:06:51.637 --> 01:06:54.973 mizuna, cauliflower, borage, and beetroot. 629 01:06:56.808 --> 01:06:59.436 I've worked with several generations, 630 01:06:59.520 --> 01:07:03.982 since they're 18 months till 12 years old. 631 01:07:04.691 --> 01:07:07.236 And the children that leave here when they're 12 632 01:07:07.319 --> 01:07:10.531 feel very connected to nature, 633 01:07:13.700 --> 01:07:16.370 because they feel it's part of their lives, 634 01:07:16.453 --> 01:07:19.289 part of their school, their routine. 635 01:07:19.373 --> 01:07:21.291 This one's ready to pick. 636 01:07:21.375 --> 01:07:24.127 Slowly. Right. 637 01:07:50.821 --> 01:07:53.824 BELO HORIZONTE BRAZIL 638 01:07:59.621 --> 01:08:02.082 The "de-naturalness" of cities, 639 01:08:02.165 --> 01:08:06.545 the confinement lived by most children and teenagers, 640 01:08:06.628 --> 01:08:08.839 the restriction of space, 641 01:08:09.548 --> 01:08:14.052 impoverishes teens' life experiences a lot, in my opinion. 642 01:08:14.136 --> 01:08:15.470 PRINCIPAL AT ESCOLA DA SERRA 643 01:08:15.554 --> 01:08:20.434 They are used to thinking, as asserted by our consumer society, 644 01:08:20.517 --> 01:08:24.813 that life depends on hoarding a huge pile of stuff. 645 01:08:30.569 --> 01:08:34.406 To me, going camping means being in a place 646 01:08:34.489 --> 01:08:37.492 where you're away from society 647 01:08:37.576 --> 01:08:39.912 and have some time to think. 648 01:08:42.414 --> 01:08:45.250 Here in school there's recess and we have our phones. 649 01:08:45.334 --> 01:08:48.837 We play mobile games and use our phones while we're talking. 650 01:08:48.921 --> 01:08:52.007 When we were camping, there was nothing else to look at, 651 01:08:52.090 --> 01:08:54.009 so we looked people in the eye. 652 01:08:54.092 --> 01:08:57.429 And I realized it's a whole other experience 653 01:08:57.513 --> 01:09:00.432 to talk while watching TV or looking at your phone 654 01:09:00.516 --> 01:09:03.852 instead of having just you and the other person. 655 01:09:03.936 --> 01:09:05.229 I thought it was pretty cool. 656 01:09:22.329 --> 01:09:25.874 SERRA DO CIPÓ MINAS GERAIS - BRAZIL 657 01:09:26.458 --> 01:09:30.587 A few years ago, some parents and teachers insisted 658 01:09:30.671 --> 01:09:34.383 we should try to use the camping trip 659 01:09:34.466 --> 01:09:37.594 to deliver some school content. 660 01:09:37.678 --> 01:09:40.389 I asked, "Why formal curriculum subjects?" 661 01:09:40.472 --> 01:09:43.350 There's a lot of learning here. Life learning. 662 01:09:49.648 --> 01:09:53.151 I start feeling maybe sweat, maybe mosquitoes, I don't know. 663 01:09:53.235 --> 01:09:55.863 Be careful, I don't want to eat fingers! 664 01:10:02.995 --> 01:10:07.833 Adults think we're capable of much less 665 01:10:07.916 --> 01:10:09.960 than we actually are. 666 01:10:25.517 --> 01:10:28.145 I think one thing that changed 667 01:10:28.228 --> 01:10:31.773 is that I got much more self-confident. 668 01:10:31.857 --> 01:10:35.569 I felt much more independent. 669 01:10:41.325 --> 01:10:45.245 When I arrived, I saw it was all open space. 670 01:10:45.329 --> 01:10:48.874 We could do whatever we wanted: walk, run... 671 01:10:49.208 --> 01:10:51.502 We're free, basically. 672 01:10:51.585 --> 01:10:55.047 It's the opposite of being in the city. 673 01:10:55.797 --> 01:10:58.675 It's a great feeling: 674 01:10:58.759 --> 01:11:00.636 being really free. 675 01:12:26.722 --> 01:12:30.893 Everything's so beautiful here, and so many people don't even know it. 676 01:12:30.976 --> 01:12:32.311 That's very sad. 677 01:12:33.520 --> 01:12:37.733 This is how the world originally is. 678 01:12:38.525 --> 01:12:41.445 If you don't know a place 679 01:12:41.528 --> 01:12:46.325 that hasn't changed in a million years, 680 01:12:46.408 --> 01:12:49.077 you don't really know the world. 681 01:12:50.078 --> 01:12:52.789 You may have been to all the world's capitals, 682 01:12:52.873 --> 01:12:54.750 but if you've never been to a place like this, 683 01:12:54.833 --> 01:12:56.335 you don't know the world. 684 01:13:04.635 --> 01:13:07.137 Midnight and our tent was disassembled on the floor. 685 01:13:07.679 --> 01:13:11.308 Marcia was asleep. Then Edivaldo arrived. 686 01:13:11.391 --> 01:13:13.060 That was around 4 a.m. 687 01:13:13.435 --> 01:13:16.396 He said, "You kids are making too much noise!" 688 01:13:16.480 --> 01:13:19.483 Then we told him our tent was disassembled. 689 01:13:43.090 --> 01:13:46.510 SALTO MORATO RESERVE PARANÁ - BRAZIL 690 01:15:48.590 --> 01:15:49.675 Dude! 691 01:15:50.384 --> 01:15:51.718 A spider! 692 01:16:00.018 --> 01:16:01.478 Four, five, six, seven... 693 01:16:01.562 --> 01:16:02.813 Hey, look at this! 694 01:16:02.896 --> 01:16:05.440 Hah! I want to see who's brave enough 695 01:16:05.524 --> 01:16:07.442 to find out if this is soft. 696 01:16:07.526 --> 01:16:09.361 -It's soft. -It's soft? 697 01:16:09.444 --> 01:16:11.947 -Is this trash? -No, it's mud. 698 01:16:13.115 --> 01:16:15.284 When we bring a child here 699 01:16:15.367 --> 01:16:18.245 and try to make it an amazing, memorable experience for them... 700 01:16:18.328 --> 01:16:20.497 ADMINISTRATOR OF THE SALTO MORATO RESERVE 701 01:16:20.581 --> 01:16:23.333 ...they leave with what I call a warm heart. 702 01:16:23.417 --> 01:16:27.462 Because they had an incredible day that they'll remember as adults. 703 01:16:27.546 --> 01:16:29.923 That’s transformative for a child. 704 01:16:30.007 --> 01:16:33.177 That may connect them to conservation. 705 01:16:49.735 --> 01:16:52.112 Nature is everything to us. 706 01:16:52.779 --> 01:16:54.781 I feel free 707 01:16:54.865 --> 01:16:57.743 to do so much: 708 01:16:57.826 --> 01:17:00.078 play, run... 709 01:17:00.495 --> 01:17:03.123 To me, nature is... 710 01:17:04.416 --> 01:17:05.626 home. 711 01:19:31.396 --> 01:19:33.774 When I get up in the morning, 712 01:19:33.857 --> 01:19:36.610 the first thing I do is talk to my plants. 713 01:19:36.693 --> 01:19:40.113 I tell them nice things like, 714 01:19:40.197 --> 01:19:43.575 "You look so beautiful!" "How you've grown!" 715 01:19:43.659 --> 01:19:48.705 "I'll water you so that you can grow 716 01:19:48.789 --> 01:19:54.169 to be as tall as trees." 717 01:19:54.253 --> 01:19:55.796 They're like my children, 718 01:19:55.879 --> 01:19:58.465 they have a life of their own. 719 01:20:01.218 --> 01:20:04.471 In my heart, I feel like they talk to me. 720 01:20:06.807 --> 01:20:08.976 MY LITTLE NATURE 721 01:20:09.059 --> 01:20:11.728 There was a time I was trying to define "environment", 722 01:20:11.812 --> 01:20:13.564 give it an actual definition. 723 01:20:13.647 --> 01:20:16.275 I was in a meeting with children and a girl asked, 724 01:20:16.358 --> 01:20:21.321 "Joaquín, are the butterflies in my stomach part of biodiversity?" 725 01:20:21.780 --> 01:20:23.657 I said, "Wow!" 726 01:20:24.116 --> 01:20:27.327 That's when I understood that the environment 727 01:20:27.411 --> 01:20:29.997 is not just the natural and social surroundings, 728 01:20:30.080 --> 01:20:32.624 but also the emotional context. 729 01:20:32.708 --> 01:20:37.588 No one, with all their intelligence, technology, or money, 730 01:20:37.671 --> 01:20:41.300 will substitute what children feel when they climb a tree. 731 01:20:41.842 --> 01:20:44.261 Or when they're running around on the grass, 732 01:20:44.344 --> 01:20:46.680 fall down, then get up and everything's fine. 733 01:20:46.763 --> 01:20:51.143 They see their parents are calm and say, "Wow, this place is for me." 734 01:20:53.562 --> 01:20:55.689 The question is how to gather efforts 735 01:20:55.772 --> 01:20:59.568 to begin to rescue, value nature 736 01:20:59.651 --> 01:21:04.239 and take real action to make nature more accessible to children. 737 01:21:07.951 --> 01:21:11.872 Children Land is a space that adults are giving children 738 01:21:11.955 --> 01:21:16.084 to take care of, create life, play 739 01:21:16.168 --> 01:21:18.754 and generate well-being for themselves, others, and nature, 740 01:21:18.837 --> 01:21:20.881 with their own language and colors, 741 01:21:20.964 --> 01:21:22.466 sharing messages. 742 01:21:23.592 --> 01:21:25.385 Where does this come from? 743 01:21:25.469 --> 01:21:28.555 From my backyard, my childhood. That was the first flower. 744 01:21:41.652 --> 01:21:43.904 COMMUNITY TIERRA DE LOS NINOS - TINI LITTLE RANGERS 745 01:21:43.987 --> 01:21:46.031 WELCOME 746 01:21:52.162 --> 01:21:53.747 It ate it! 747 01:21:57.000 --> 01:22:01.296 I live in the district of Comas, in Peru's capital, Lima. 748 01:22:02.256 --> 01:22:05.759 There are few green areas and lots of dust here... 749 01:22:05.843 --> 01:22:07.427 TINI LITTLE RANGERS 750 01:22:07.511 --> 01:22:11.473 ...and it's on a hillside. 751 01:22:12.516 --> 01:22:15.310 The neighborhood is a little dangerous. 752 01:22:15.394 --> 01:22:19.314 Here, children don't have areas to play in. 753 01:22:19.398 --> 01:22:25.445 So they need to seek other areas to distract themselves or play. 754 01:22:30.909 --> 01:22:35.289 You have to mix the soil to plant. 755 01:22:35.372 --> 01:22:38.208 We separate it and make another line. 756 01:22:38.292 --> 01:22:41.795 Since I was a child, I wanted to create a green area. 757 01:22:42.880 --> 01:22:46.466 I felt it should be a place to be shared. 758 01:22:46.550 --> 01:22:50.387 So I started to paint rocks with children from my neighborhood. 759 01:22:50.470 --> 01:22:52.389 We were 10, then 15, 760 01:22:52.472 --> 01:22:54.683 and, in the end, we were 50 children. 761 01:22:54.766 --> 01:22:58.562 My father wanted to kick us out of the house, as we were so messy. 762 01:22:58.645 --> 01:23:01.148 We started cleaning this whole area. 763 01:23:01.231 --> 01:23:03.692 No one believed there'd be a small park here. 764 01:23:04.026 --> 01:23:07.529 It looks like a family of worms. 765 01:23:07.613 --> 01:23:11.200 Worms are a protein source for the chickens. 766 01:23:13.493 --> 01:23:16.496 We consider this space the starting point 767 01:23:16.580 --> 01:23:20.209 to make our society better. 768 01:23:21.793 --> 01:23:24.379 If the environment is well, you'll be well 769 01:23:24.463 --> 01:23:27.090 and so will other people. 770 01:23:27.174 --> 01:23:29.009 SHARE 771 01:23:29.092 --> 01:23:30.761 HAVE FUN 772 01:23:40.521 --> 01:23:43.065 GOOD MORNING! 773 01:23:44.107 --> 01:23:47.361 IMAGINE - BLOOM PLAY 774 01:24:41.665 --> 01:24:45.252 Imagine living in a world where everyone is happy. 775 01:24:45.878 --> 01:24:47.379 How would that be? 776 01:24:50.966 --> 01:24:53.802 I'd like very much if the city 777 01:24:53.886 --> 01:24:56.763 had trees, 778 01:24:56.847 --> 01:25:00.726 green areas, many types of plants. 779 01:25:01.810 --> 01:25:05.355 I'd like the hills to have plants on them, 780 01:25:05.439 --> 01:25:07.649 then they would be green. 781 01:25:07.733 --> 01:25:11.278 It'd be prettier that way. And more colorful. 782 01:25:11.820 --> 01:25:16.450 We could have a rainbow to improve the background. With the sun... 783 01:25:17.034 --> 01:25:19.411 Yes, it'd be much better. 784 01:25:19.494 --> 01:25:22.539 I'd also like for the city to be clean 785 01:25:22.623 --> 01:25:27.377 so we wouldn't get sick, 786 01:25:27.461 --> 01:25:29.755 we'd live better. 787 01:25:29.838 --> 01:25:34.092 I'd also like for us to have a beautiful scenery. 788 01:25:34.426 --> 01:25:35.511 Yes. 789 01:25:47.272 --> 01:25:49.900 BE PART OF THIS MOVEMENT 790 01:25:58.075 --> 01:26:00.953 THIS FILM WAS PRODUCED BEFORE THE ONSET OF THE PANDEMIC. 791 01:26:01.036 --> 01:26:04.331 WE'VE SINCE HAD VIDEO CALLS WITH CHILDREN WHO WERE PART OF THE FILM 792 01:26:04.414 --> 01:26:07.000 TO CHECK HOW THEY WERE FARING DURING THIS PERIOD. 793 01:26:07.668 --> 01:26:10.754 It's one thing to enjoy being alone 794 01:26:10.838 --> 01:26:13.131 when it's by choice. 795 01:26:13.757 --> 01:26:16.343 Everybody likes being alone from time to time. 796 01:26:16.677 --> 01:26:20.305 But if that isolation comes as something inevitable, 797 01:26:21.473 --> 01:26:24.935 it gradually turns into... 798 01:26:26.061 --> 01:26:27.062 a burden. 799 01:26:27.396 --> 01:26:30.691 This is me, in front of the mirror. 800 01:26:30.774 --> 01:26:32.150 I'm not afraid. 801 01:26:32.234 --> 01:26:34.945 I'm afraid of dying from it, but not of catching it. 802 01:26:35.445 --> 01:26:38.991 At first, I thought it was just a measly cold, 803 01:26:39.074 --> 01:26:41.577 but later I realized people were dying from it. 804 01:26:42.369 --> 01:26:46.957 At first, I was thrilled, I said to myself, 805 01:26:47.833 --> 01:26:50.502 "Yes, I'm free from that torture!" 806 01:26:51.378 --> 01:26:55.716 But now, I want to go back to school. I never thought I'd say such a thing. 807 01:26:56.383 --> 01:26:59.094 I miss going out to play, I miss my school, 808 01:26:59.845 --> 01:27:01.638 my friends from school. 809 01:27:02.264 --> 01:27:05.642 I can't even see my friends who live nearby. 810 01:27:07.186 --> 01:27:08.729 So this is my house. 811 01:27:10.022 --> 01:27:12.107 This is the kitchen, 812 01:27:12.191 --> 01:27:17.154 here we put some lettuce and kale to dry. 813 01:27:17.237 --> 01:27:20.073 Now we have to wash everything beforehand, 814 01:27:20.157 --> 01:27:21.909 because it might be infected. 815 01:27:22.701 --> 01:27:25.454 But I never thought it would last as long as it has. 816 01:27:26.038 --> 01:27:30.751 I thought we'd stay home for like two months, tops. 817 01:27:32.252 --> 01:27:34.046 I do my homework here. 818 01:27:34.671 --> 01:27:40.093 I use this TV set to follow the news about the pandemic in my country, 819 01:27:40.177 --> 01:27:42.763 whether cases are dropping or rising. 820 01:27:43.388 --> 01:27:47.643 Maybe they'll find the cure, or maybe things will stop getting worse. 821 01:27:47.726 --> 01:27:51.563 After all, we've had so many surprises in 2020. 822 01:27:53.565 --> 01:27:56.276 My brother watches TV here. 823 01:27:58.070 --> 01:28:00.572 I hardly ever play with my dolls anymore, 824 01:28:00.656 --> 01:28:03.951 nor with my brother, unless I don't have my phone. 825 01:28:04.952 --> 01:28:06.161 And that's all. 826 01:28:06.787 --> 01:28:11.917 This is a yoga mat. I've been using it to exercise. 827 01:28:12.668 --> 01:28:15.003 Right now, I think it's unfair when they say, 828 01:28:15.087 --> 01:28:18.173 "Get away from the computer, put down your cellphone," 829 01:28:18.257 --> 01:28:21.093 because if you do, you won't have a social life, 830 01:28:21.176 --> 01:28:24.721 you won't be able to see anyone, including relatives. 831 01:28:26.265 --> 01:28:30.060 These are my best buddies. 832 01:28:30.769 --> 01:28:35.732 They help me pass the time, they keep me company. 833 01:28:42.364 --> 01:28:44.449 These plants are as handsome as I am! 834 01:28:44.533 --> 01:28:48.328 What I miss the most is swimming in the lake. 835 01:28:48.704 --> 01:28:52.165 Going to the park or to the pool. 836 01:28:52.249 --> 01:28:55.043 Touching the plants, talking to them, 837 01:28:55.836 --> 01:28:58.422 touching the water, 838 01:28:58.505 --> 01:29:01.341 listening to crackling fire. 839 01:29:05.220 --> 01:29:08.682 I think that when I come out of this pandemic, 840 01:29:08.765 --> 01:29:13.812 spending time out of the house is something I'll value more, 841 01:29:15.063 --> 01:29:17.733 as well as being around other people, 842 01:29:18.525 --> 01:29:20.319 and everything else I had before. 843 01:29:26.241 --> 01:29:29.995 The first thing I'll do when the pandemic is over 844 01:29:30.078 --> 01:29:32.664 is hug everyone I know.