1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:06,639 --> 00:00:08,090 (relaxed trumpet music) 3 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 4 00:00:08,090 --> 00:00:11,330 - [Narrator] An attorney called him "a thug for the Lord." 5 00:00:11,330 --> 00:00:14,580 His daughter dubbed him "the rescue machine." 6 00:00:14,580 --> 00:00:16,690 To those who loved him, he was a hero. 7 00:00:16,690 --> 00:00:20,260 A tough, tenacious, cantankerous, lovable hero. 8 00:00:20,260 --> 00:00:22,640 A proud Marine who took the heart both on 9 00:00:22,640 --> 00:00:25,823 and off the bench the motto, "Leave no one behind". 10 00:00:26,830 --> 00:00:28,930 To his critics, he was a bleeding heart liberal 11 00:00:28,930 --> 00:00:32,180 on the notorious Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, 12 00:00:32,180 --> 00:00:35,750 a would-be social engineer, a judicial activist 13 00:00:35,750 --> 00:00:38,283 who ruled with his heart instead of his head. 14 00:00:39,150 --> 00:00:41,994 He was a judge for over 50 years. 15 00:00:41,994 --> 00:00:45,657 When he died still on the bench at 94, it was said, 16 00:00:45,657 --> 00:00:49,730 "In the field of law and public interest, there are stars, 17 00:00:49,730 --> 00:00:54,730 there are superstars and then there's Harry Pregerson." 18 00:01:02,924 --> 00:01:06,840 (relaxed violin music) 19 00:01:06,840 --> 00:01:09,530 - This morning, Harry's family and I laid 20 00:01:09,530 --> 00:01:13,770 his body to rest at the VA Cemetery in Westwood. 21 00:01:13,770 --> 00:01:18,170 We said Kaddish for his soul and we laughed 22 00:01:18,170 --> 00:01:21,230 at the certainty with which we knew that Harry 23 00:01:21,230 --> 00:01:23,790 after surveying his new surroundings 24 00:01:23,790 --> 00:01:27,220 would have said, "It's about time, 25 00:01:27,220 --> 00:01:30,703 I have always wanted to live on the Westside." 26 00:01:30,703 --> 00:01:32,340 (audience laughs) 27 00:01:32,340 --> 00:01:33,930 That was Harry. 28 00:01:33,930 --> 00:01:35,283 Funny as hell. 29 00:01:36,760 --> 00:01:40,120 He did not care about convention or much else, 30 00:01:40,120 --> 00:01:43,530 other than living in the best tradition of the Hebrew 31 00:01:43,530 --> 00:01:47,530 prophets who railed against oppression and hypocrisy 32 00:01:47,530 --> 00:01:52,450 and stupidity and anything or anyone that subverted 33 00:01:52,450 --> 00:01:56,733 the rights of the poor or the powerless or the vulnerable. 34 00:01:59,170 --> 00:02:01,033 - We all recognize this, right? 35 00:02:03,310 --> 00:02:06,440 This is the hardest thing I've ever had to do. 36 00:02:06,440 --> 00:02:08,520 First of all, I want to thank you all 37 00:02:08,520 --> 00:02:11,290 for coming today to honor my dad. 38 00:02:11,290 --> 00:02:12,670 I loved him so much. 39 00:02:12,670 --> 00:02:15,130 I have to tell you, he was the best father 40 00:02:15,130 --> 00:02:19,980 in the entire world and I know you loved him too. 41 00:02:19,980 --> 00:02:24,980 On the night that he passed away, I sat in his office. 42 00:02:25,170 --> 00:02:26,860 At first glance when you walk in, 43 00:02:26,860 --> 00:02:30,050 it looks like Hurricane Katrina just blew through it. 44 00:02:30,050 --> 00:02:31,480 There are papers everywhere. 45 00:02:31,480 --> 00:02:34,280 There's books everywhere, pictures, mementos. 46 00:02:34,280 --> 00:02:36,850 You name it, it's all stuffed into this 47 00:02:36,850 --> 00:02:40,420 very messy office and you could learn a lot 48 00:02:40,420 --> 00:02:43,973 from him just studying what was on those shelves. 49 00:02:47,200 --> 00:02:52,200 As I went through his desk, I found hundreds of letters, 50 00:02:52,310 --> 00:02:54,773 handwritten notes and cards. 51 00:02:56,010 --> 00:02:58,760 There were lots and lots of pictures, 52 00:02:58,760 --> 00:03:01,723 mostly pictures of my beautiful mother, Bern. 53 00:03:02,760 --> 00:03:05,290 There were pictures of my brother Dean and I. 54 00:03:05,290 --> 00:03:07,510 There were pictures of the late Congressman 55 00:03:07,510 --> 00:03:09,920 Jim Corman, who was very dear to him. 56 00:03:09,920 --> 00:03:12,930 Pictures of guys he served within the Marines 57 00:03:12,930 --> 00:03:16,100 and finally pictures of lots and lots of people 58 00:03:16,100 --> 00:03:20,610 in this audience from the Bell Shelter or the Courthouse 59 00:03:20,610 --> 00:03:23,640 or any one of the hundreds of charity events that 60 00:03:23,640 --> 00:03:26,820 he was schlepping to almost every night of the week. 61 00:03:26,820 --> 00:03:30,800 If you really wanted to understand what made my dad tick, 62 00:03:30,800 --> 00:03:33,750 all you had to do was sit in that office. 63 00:03:33,750 --> 00:03:35,240 - Robert Alton Harris was strapped 64 00:03:35,240 --> 00:03:36,670 in a chair in the gas chamber. 65 00:03:36,670 --> 00:03:38,190 The acid bath was filling beneath him 66 00:03:38,190 --> 00:03:40,240 and then the telephone rang. 67 00:03:40,240 --> 00:03:41,080 - [Newswoman] That's when Federal 68 00:03:41,080 --> 00:03:43,930 Appeals Judge Harry Pregerson jumped in. 69 00:03:43,930 --> 00:03:45,540 - Evidently Federal Courts have ruled 70 00:03:45,540 --> 00:03:48,120 that San Diego County can make welfare applicants 71 00:03:48,120 --> 00:03:50,620 submit to unannounced searches of their homes. 72 00:03:50,620 --> 00:03:54,127 Bleeding heart judges called San Diego's program 73 00:03:54,127 --> 00:03:56,600 "shameful," an "attack on the poor." 74 00:03:56,600 --> 00:03:59,280 One of them added "The government does not 75 00:03:59,280 --> 00:04:01,120 search through the closets and medicine 76 00:04:01,120 --> 00:04:03,420 cabinets of farmers receiving subsidies. 77 00:04:03,420 --> 00:04:05,870 They do not dig through the laundry baskets and garbage 78 00:04:05,870 --> 00:04:09,580 pails of real estate developers or radio broadcasters." 79 00:04:09,580 --> 00:04:13,320 Of course not, because those people aren't on welfare. 80 00:04:13,320 --> 00:04:17,530 They receive corporate subsidies, totally different. 81 00:04:17,530 --> 00:04:20,750 The Federal Appeals Court based in San Francisco has 82 00:04:20,750 --> 00:04:24,480 refused to reinstate President Trump's immigration order. 83 00:04:24,480 --> 00:04:26,000 - [Newswoman] President Trump's travel ban 84 00:04:26,000 --> 00:04:29,524 met its end at the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. 85 00:04:29,524 --> 00:04:30,550 - [Protesters] The people united- 86 00:04:30,550 --> 00:04:32,260 - [Newswoman] By this afternoon, the President 87 00:04:32,260 --> 00:04:34,610 was telling The Washington Examiner he would 88 00:04:34,610 --> 00:04:37,570 absolutely consider breaking up the Ninth Circuit. 89 00:04:37,570 --> 00:04:40,050 - You go to the Ninth Circuit and it's a disgrace 90 00:04:40,050 --> 00:04:42,570 and I'm gonna put in a major complaint 91 00:04:42,570 --> 00:04:45,020 because you cannot win, if you're us, a case 92 00:04:45,020 --> 00:04:48,049 in the Ninth Circuit and I think it's a disgrace. 93 00:04:48,049 --> 00:04:50,500 - [Harry] I'm not gonna sign any order that's gonna have 94 00:04:50,500 --> 00:04:54,340 the effect of kicking out of this country kids who were 95 00:04:54,340 --> 00:04:58,120 born here and who have the birthright as American citizens. 96 00:04:58,120 --> 00:05:02,486 I'm just not gonna do it because I think it's morally wrong. 97 00:05:02,486 --> 00:05:05,450 (soft piano music) 98 00:05:05,450 --> 00:05:08,800 My father was born in the Ukraine 99 00:05:08,800 --> 00:05:10,263 in a village called Kusrilla. 100 00:05:11,460 --> 00:05:15,603 He came here about 1904 and he landed in Boston. 101 00:05:16,690 --> 00:05:20,177 Ended up working in Chicago and then the War came 102 00:05:20,177 --> 00:05:23,080 and he was drafted in the American Army 103 00:05:23,080 --> 00:05:26,260 and was in the Saint-Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne 104 00:05:26,260 --> 00:05:28,783 campaigns and he was badly wounded. 105 00:05:29,910 --> 00:05:32,410 My mother came here as the young girl. 106 00:05:32,410 --> 00:05:34,167 She lived in Philadelphia and worked 107 00:05:34,167 --> 00:05:38,550 in one of the sweatshops for like $3 a week. 108 00:05:38,550 --> 00:05:40,451 They met here in Los Angeles. 109 00:05:40,451 --> 00:05:42,748 (upbeat trumpet music) 110 00:05:42,748 --> 00:05:46,060 It was up real hustling, bustling place. 111 00:05:46,060 --> 00:05:48,393 People moving up and down the street, 112 00:05:48,393 --> 00:05:52,260 the Five & Dime and the pool halls, delicatessens, 113 00:05:52,260 --> 00:05:57,260 creameries, bakeries, all the great smells, the markets. 114 00:05:57,314 --> 00:05:58,810 You had poultry stores where 115 00:05:58,810 --> 00:06:00,760 the live chickens would running around. 116 00:06:01,890 --> 00:06:04,917 We lived on Sea View Avenue for the first 12 years 117 00:06:04,917 --> 00:06:07,700 and it was heavily Jewish but not completely. 118 00:06:07,700 --> 00:06:10,640 There were many Japanese families, 119 00:06:10,640 --> 00:06:14,235 Mexican families, Slavs, Italians. 120 00:06:14,235 --> 00:06:17,282 It was heavily Italian too. 121 00:06:17,282 --> 00:06:20,204 In grammar school, junior high school, high school, 122 00:06:20,204 --> 00:06:23,790 there was always an emphasis on respect for others, 123 00:06:23,790 --> 00:06:27,400 respect for others' cultural backgrounds, religious beliefs. 124 00:06:27,400 --> 00:06:29,140 This was emphasized. 125 00:06:29,140 --> 00:06:33,057 In my high school, we had 52 different ethnic groups 126 00:06:33,057 --> 00:06:36,487 but everybody got along and that was very important. 127 00:06:38,363 --> 00:06:41,790 - [Interviewer] Did you experience any anti-Semitism? 128 00:06:41,790 --> 00:06:43,890 - [Harry] These kids, I think they were Mexican, 129 00:06:43,890 --> 00:06:45,810 they asked me "Well, like what are you?" 130 00:06:45,810 --> 00:06:47,367 So I said "I'm a boy." 131 00:06:47,367 --> 00:06:50,223 "No, no, no, we want to know whether you're a Jew or not." 132 00:06:50,223 --> 00:06:52,010 I said "Yeah" and then they 133 00:06:52,010 --> 00:06:53,883 wanted to know why I killed Christ. 134 00:06:54,960 --> 00:06:57,360 Then I worked for The Broadway in Pasadena. 135 00:06:57,360 --> 00:07:01,010 That was a good job because that paid like $5 a day. 136 00:07:01,010 --> 00:07:02,350 I was there for a few days 137 00:07:02,350 --> 00:07:05,140 and they found out I was Jewish and they fired me. 138 00:07:05,140 --> 00:07:06,614 - [Interviewer] That was really your first experience? 139 00:07:06,614 --> 00:07:09,849 - [Harry] That was the real first experience, yeah. 140 00:07:09,849 --> 00:07:11,114 - [Interviewer] When did you first 141 00:07:11,114 --> 00:07:13,190 begin to think about being a lawyer? 142 00:07:13,190 --> 00:07:16,070 - [Harry] Well, I think it all came from my father. 143 00:07:16,070 --> 00:07:19,720 He used to go and listen to Darrow in Chicago. 144 00:07:19,720 --> 00:07:22,840 He had Darrow's debates on capital punishment 145 00:07:22,840 --> 00:07:25,050 and from earliest childhood, 146 00:07:25,050 --> 00:07:26,850 I knew I was gonna go to law school. 147 00:07:27,792 --> 00:07:31,341 (upbeat carnival music) 148 00:07:31,341 --> 00:07:33,874 I used to go to the Ocean Park Pier. 149 00:07:33,874 --> 00:07:36,685 There were a lot of fishermen on the wharf 150 00:07:36,685 --> 00:07:39,317 and this guy's caught a big one 151 00:07:39,317 --> 00:07:41,760 and it's on the ground, so it's flopping. 152 00:07:41,760 --> 00:07:44,833 I just ran over and threw it back in the ocean. 153 00:07:46,303 --> 00:07:49,582 Well the guy was mad as hell, it was probably his supper. 154 00:07:49,582 --> 00:07:51,553 So the guy starts to run after me. 155 00:07:52,606 --> 00:07:55,133 But I just couldn't leave that boy alone. 156 00:07:55,133 --> 00:07:58,450 He was a humanitarian, but I'll never forget that. 157 00:08:01,910 --> 00:08:05,620 - All of us were the center of Harry's universe. 158 00:08:05,620 --> 00:08:09,420 He made sure that I felt like a girl who could do anything, 159 00:08:09,420 --> 00:08:11,490 who was tough, who had the fortitude 160 00:08:11,490 --> 00:08:15,530 to really take care of myself, to weather any storm. 161 00:08:15,530 --> 00:08:17,950 A turning point came when I was in 162 00:08:17,950 --> 00:08:19,900 the seventh grade and my mom announced 163 00:08:19,900 --> 00:08:23,700 that she was going back to school to study microbiology. 164 00:08:23,700 --> 00:08:27,370 Bern told Harry that he needed to step up 165 00:08:27,370 --> 00:08:30,270 to the plate and assume some responsibilities 166 00:08:30,270 --> 00:08:33,330 of parenting and because my dad was totally 167 00:08:33,330 --> 00:08:36,260 helpless in the kitchen, we went out every night. 168 00:08:36,260 --> 00:08:37,670 Over dinner, he would tell me 169 00:08:37,670 --> 00:08:39,610 what a mediocre student he was. 170 00:08:39,610 --> 00:08:41,610 By far and away, the brightest 171 00:08:41,610 --> 00:08:44,550 in the class were always the girls. 172 00:08:44,550 --> 00:08:47,850 He'd say, "And what happened to those girls?" 173 00:08:47,850 --> 00:08:50,390 Well, those girls got married out of high school, 174 00:08:50,390 --> 00:08:52,210 they put their husbands through college 175 00:08:52,210 --> 00:08:53,650 put 'em through graduate school, 176 00:08:53,650 --> 00:08:57,440 raised the kids and then what happened? 177 00:08:57,440 --> 00:08:59,343 Sometimes the husband would die. 178 00:09:00,490 --> 00:09:02,800 Sometimes, 179 00:09:02,800 --> 00:09:04,620 the husband would get bored 180 00:09:04,620 --> 00:09:07,790 and the marriage would end in divorce 181 00:09:07,790 --> 00:09:10,200 and it was too late for the woman at that point 182 00:09:10,200 --> 00:09:14,870 in her life to start over and have a career. 183 00:09:14,870 --> 00:09:18,900 It bothered him so much 184 00:09:18,900 --> 00:09:21,550 that these women never had an opportunity 185 00:09:21,550 --> 00:09:23,900 to really live up to their potential 186 00:09:23,900 --> 00:09:27,220 and then he'd tell me, "That's why Katie, 187 00:09:27,220 --> 00:09:29,700 you need to get a good education. 188 00:09:29,700 --> 00:09:32,930 You need to be your own boss. 189 00:09:32,930 --> 00:09:34,680 You need to make your own money. 190 00:09:34,680 --> 00:09:38,530 You need to determine your own destiny, even if 191 00:09:38,530 --> 00:09:42,170 you're lucky enough to marry the man of your dreams." 192 00:09:42,170 --> 00:09:44,570 - What was it like to grow up with Harry? 193 00:09:44,570 --> 00:09:49,460 Just imagine you're a barely literate young teenager. 194 00:09:49,460 --> 00:09:53,760 You are happily reading "The Hardy Boys" mystery series, 195 00:09:53,760 --> 00:09:57,230 maybe watching a little "Sea Hunt" on TV. 196 00:09:57,230 --> 00:09:59,897 Harry strides up and hands you a poem. 197 00:09:59,897 --> 00:10:04,033 "Read it, it's called 'Invictus.'" 198 00:10:04,033 --> 00:10:05,675 (audience laughs) 199 00:10:05,675 --> 00:10:07,176 "But why?" 200 00:10:07,176 --> 00:10:08,276 "It builds character." 201 00:10:10,157 --> 00:10:12,800 "Out of the night that covers me, 202 00:10:12,800 --> 00:10:15,710 black as the pit from pole to pole, 203 00:10:15,710 --> 00:10:20,710 I thank whatever gods may be for my unconquerable soul. 204 00:10:21,020 --> 00:10:23,770 In the fell clutch of circumstance, 205 00:10:23,770 --> 00:10:26,600 I have not winced nor cried aloud. 206 00:10:26,600 --> 00:10:29,230 Under the bludgeonings of chance, 207 00:10:29,230 --> 00:10:31,223 my head is bloody but unbowed. 208 00:10:32,330 --> 00:10:35,360 Beyond this place of wrath and tears 209 00:10:35,360 --> 00:10:38,170 looms but the horror of the shade 210 00:10:38,170 --> 00:10:40,690 and yet the menace of the years 211 00:10:40,690 --> 00:10:44,520 finds and shall find me unafraid. 212 00:10:44,520 --> 00:10:47,250 It matters not how strait the gate, 213 00:10:47,250 --> 00:10:51,053 how charged with punishments the scroll, 214 00:10:51,053 --> 00:10:54,170 I am the master of my fate, 215 00:10:54,170 --> 00:10:56,653 I am the captain of my soul." 216 00:10:58,470 --> 00:11:00,930 When Harry was working his way through UCLA 217 00:11:00,930 --> 00:11:03,780 washing dishes at fraternities and sororities, 218 00:11:03,780 --> 00:11:07,350 he decided that he was gonna run for Student Body President. 219 00:11:07,350 --> 00:11:09,060 Those were different times. 220 00:11:09,060 --> 00:11:11,563 Anti-Semitism was not in the shadows. 221 00:11:12,500 --> 00:11:14,940 There were restrictive covenants and deeds. 222 00:11:14,940 --> 00:11:17,110 Some schools had quotas, 223 00:11:17,110 --> 00:11:20,380 private clubs had Jews not allowed policies, 224 00:11:20,380 --> 00:11:24,310 anti-Semitic slogans and jokes were common. 225 00:11:24,310 --> 00:11:26,530 No one who was Jewish had ever been 226 00:11:26,530 --> 00:11:29,050 elected Student Body President of UCLA. 227 00:11:29,950 --> 00:11:33,260 The other side smeared Harry, his heritage 228 00:11:33,260 --> 00:11:37,200 and just said terrible, terrible things about him. 229 00:11:37,200 --> 00:11:40,677 Harry in despair went to see the campus Rabbi. 230 00:11:40,677 --> 00:11:43,210 "What should I do, Rabbi?" he asked. 231 00:11:43,210 --> 00:11:47,190 The Rabbi said one word, a word that carried 232 00:11:47,190 --> 00:11:50,683 Harry through the rest of his life, "Fight." 233 00:11:51,940 --> 00:11:55,382 Harry the dishwasher won by a good landslide. 234 00:11:55,382 --> 00:11:59,412 (anxious trumpet music) 235 00:11:59,412 --> 00:12:02,495 (explosions booming) 236 00:12:04,287 --> 00:12:09,110 It was 1944, the survival of America was at stake. 237 00:12:09,110 --> 00:12:11,910 Harry enlisted in the Marine Corps and soon 238 00:12:11,910 --> 00:12:15,463 found himself in Officer's Training in Quantico, Virginia. 239 00:12:17,500 --> 00:12:18,910 Harry and three of his Marine 240 00:12:18,910 --> 00:12:21,510 buddies are sent to the Pacific. 241 00:12:21,510 --> 00:12:24,903 One is killed, one loses an eye and one a leg. 242 00:12:26,070 --> 00:12:28,230 For Harry, it meant Okinawa. 243 00:12:28,230 --> 00:12:32,740 More than 200,000 perished in the 82-day struggle, 244 00:12:32,740 --> 00:12:36,300 twice the number of Japanese lost at Hiroshima 245 00:12:36,300 --> 00:12:40,709 and more American blood than had been shed at Gettysburg. 246 00:12:40,709 --> 00:12:44,709 (anxious violin, trumpet music) 247 00:12:46,180 --> 00:12:49,370 It's May 3rd, 1945. 248 00:12:49,370 --> 00:12:51,660 Harry is wounded both ways by bullets 249 00:12:51,660 --> 00:12:55,303 from a machine gun shooting Dum Dum exploding rounds. 250 00:12:55,303 --> 00:12:58,090 He's able to like flat in a small depression 251 00:12:58,090 --> 00:13:01,420 of dirt while ordinance flies in both directions. 252 00:13:01,420 --> 00:13:03,360 He slows the bleeding by using 253 00:13:03,360 --> 00:13:06,490 his belt and clothing as tourniquets. 254 00:13:06,490 --> 00:13:09,187 Through that long night alone, he hears 255 00:13:09,187 --> 00:13:12,330 "Marine, tonight you die. 256 00:13:12,330 --> 00:13:15,490 Marine, tonight you die." 257 00:13:15,490 --> 00:13:18,590 At dawn, two guys run through hell to get him. 258 00:13:18,590 --> 00:13:21,990 They dropped him several times sliding down embankments, 259 00:13:21,990 --> 00:13:25,240 trying to escape, trying to stay alive 260 00:13:25,240 --> 00:13:27,100 and this is where we remember that Harry 261 00:13:27,100 --> 00:13:29,860 is from East LA and proud of it. 262 00:13:29,860 --> 00:13:32,520 His friends were working class Latinos, 263 00:13:32,520 --> 00:13:36,820 Jews, Asians, Italians, Irish, you name it. 264 00:13:36,820 --> 00:13:40,280 The guys that saved his life were the Martinez cousins. 265 00:13:40,280 --> 00:13:42,433 He didn't know them, but he knew them. 266 00:13:43,480 --> 00:13:47,150 They were just like his buddies from the old neighborhood. 267 00:13:47,150 --> 00:13:49,603 The greatest guys in the world. 268 00:13:50,670 --> 00:13:53,920 (anxious violin tones) 269 00:13:56,411 --> 00:13:59,661 (somber trumpet music) 270 00:14:02,700 --> 00:14:04,410 Harry had spent about a year 271 00:14:04,410 --> 00:14:07,150 at the Naval Hospital in San Diego. 272 00:14:07,150 --> 00:14:12,020 His weight went up from 110 to a healthy 175. 273 00:14:12,020 --> 00:14:14,690 He had a limp and he had a cane. 274 00:14:14,690 --> 00:14:18,250 One day, he was playing pool with one of his buddies. 275 00:14:18,250 --> 00:14:21,120 Harry said "Hey, do you know any girls I could meet?" 276 00:14:21,120 --> 00:14:24,040 His friend said "Well you know, I'm going on a date 277 00:14:24,040 --> 00:14:28,020 with this girl and I'll ask if she has any friends." 278 00:14:28,020 --> 00:14:32,000 Well, this car drives up and Bern is sitting 279 00:14:32,000 --> 00:14:35,430 in the front seat with Harry's friend who's driving. 280 00:14:35,430 --> 00:14:39,920 Harry opens the door, looks at Bern, 281 00:14:39,920 --> 00:14:43,580 looks at his date in the back seat 282 00:14:43,580 --> 00:14:45,647 and he sits in the front seat. 283 00:14:45,647 --> 00:14:48,480 (audience laughs) 284 00:14:51,130 --> 00:14:52,930 Is anyone surprised? 285 00:14:52,930 --> 00:14:54,770 And from that day forward, 286 00:14:54,770 --> 00:14:57,620 he knew he was going to marry her. 287 00:14:57,620 --> 00:15:01,610 - When I first met Harry, he was on crutches. 288 00:15:01,610 --> 00:15:04,010 He was this handsome Marine 289 00:15:04,010 --> 00:15:07,861 and what could be more romantic than a handsome 290 00:15:07,861 --> 00:15:11,143 Marine on crutches to an 18 year old girl? 291 00:15:12,101 --> 00:15:14,550 It was after about five or six times 292 00:15:14,550 --> 00:15:16,380 that I had gone out with Harry, 293 00:15:16,380 --> 00:15:19,850 I said "What do you want to do with your life?" 294 00:15:19,850 --> 00:15:22,017 And he said without a minute's hesitation, 295 00:15:22,017 --> 00:15:24,010 "Oh, I want to help people." 296 00:15:24,010 --> 00:15:26,350 And he said, "So I'm gonna go to law school 297 00:15:26,350 --> 00:15:29,407 and acquire the tools that I'll need to do that." 298 00:15:31,890 --> 00:15:35,970 My background was living in Boyle Heights 299 00:15:36,860 --> 00:15:40,630 during the Depression, growing up very poor. 300 00:15:40,630 --> 00:15:43,510 My father never had a permanent job. 301 00:15:43,510 --> 00:15:46,210 In fact, most of the time he didn't have a job at all. 302 00:15:46,210 --> 00:15:51,210 He was a mechanic and they were not hiring mechanics 303 00:15:51,830 --> 00:15:56,650 and so there were six children and sometimes 304 00:15:56,650 --> 00:16:01,650 it was lean pickings when it came to food 305 00:16:01,740 --> 00:16:03,700 and I felt poor 306 00:16:03,700 --> 00:16:08,700 and so when I went to UCLA the semester I met Harry, 307 00:16:09,320 --> 00:16:11,800 I couldn't believe how beautiful those homes 308 00:16:11,800 --> 00:16:14,580 were around UCLA and I thought to myself 309 00:16:14,580 --> 00:16:17,130 you know, I'd really like one of those. 310 00:16:17,130 --> 00:16:20,260 So when Harry said he wanted to help people 311 00:16:20,260 --> 00:16:23,163 and I'm thinking about those beautiful houses, 312 00:16:25,140 --> 00:16:29,730 it didn't seem to me, as naive as I was, that maybe 313 00:16:29,730 --> 00:16:34,510 helping people was not such a money-making proposition. 314 00:16:34,510 --> 00:16:38,030 That maybe those houses would be out 315 00:16:38,030 --> 00:16:41,410 of range with Harry working on helping people. 316 00:16:41,410 --> 00:16:44,070 But I thought it was such an unusual thing 317 00:16:44,070 --> 00:16:47,890 for him to say and when I dated him more and more, 318 00:16:47,890 --> 00:16:50,390 I realized that I would probably never meet 319 00:16:50,390 --> 00:16:54,240 anybody as unique as this man and so that's 320 00:16:54,240 --> 00:16:57,363 when I decided that maybe this was the guy for me. 321 00:16:59,334 --> 00:17:03,834 (up tempo Jewish style wedding music) 322 00:17:09,380 --> 00:17:13,170 Harry took any case that came through the door 323 00:17:13,170 --> 00:17:17,670 and I mean any case, he did wills for maybe $10. 324 00:17:17,670 --> 00:17:19,890 Never thought about billable hours, 325 00:17:19,890 --> 00:17:21,920 just whatever they could pay. 326 00:17:21,920 --> 00:17:24,380 I remember Harry coming home with a package 327 00:17:24,380 --> 00:17:27,460 of chicken legs or we got a free tire. 328 00:17:27,460 --> 00:17:29,980 It never occurred to him to limit himself 329 00:17:29,980 --> 00:17:33,880 to people of position, people of influence 330 00:17:33,880 --> 00:17:37,720 and that's when he first embarked on the idea of 331 00:17:37,720 --> 00:17:42,720 trying to find a way for the little guy to be represented. 332 00:17:43,889 --> 00:17:46,010 - In the late 50s, I got to hanging around 333 00:17:46,010 --> 00:17:48,600 with what was then the neighborhood gang. 334 00:17:48,600 --> 00:17:51,340 My mother's optometrist was Dr. Edward Lamar 335 00:17:51,340 --> 00:17:54,110 and every afternoon from about 2:00 to 4:00, 336 00:17:54,110 --> 00:17:57,060 he'd put an out to lunch sign 337 00:17:57,060 --> 00:18:00,750 and him and his receptionist would 338 00:18:00,750 --> 00:18:05,290 basically have a lovemaking session in the afternoons 339 00:18:05,290 --> 00:18:07,480 with their lunch and so we knew that the car 340 00:18:07,480 --> 00:18:10,450 wasn't going anywhere for at least two hours. 341 00:18:10,450 --> 00:18:13,000 So we actually went joyriding twice 342 00:18:13,000 --> 00:18:14,870 before the third time, we got caught. 343 00:18:14,870 --> 00:18:16,820 Detectives came that evening to the house 344 00:18:16,820 --> 00:18:19,410 and told my dad that they knew that I was in the car 345 00:18:19,410 --> 00:18:23,590 and after my dad got through straightening 346 00:18:23,590 --> 00:18:26,620 me out with his belt, we had to go to court 347 00:18:26,620 --> 00:18:29,710 and that's when I met Harry and he was hard. 348 00:18:29,710 --> 00:18:32,850 I never met somebody that could scare me like he did. 349 00:18:32,850 --> 00:18:35,000 I still remember one thing he said 350 00:18:35,000 --> 00:18:40,000 that just kind of stuck with me and that was that if that's 351 00:18:40,460 --> 00:18:43,490 the kind of life I wanted to lead, then I wasn't a very 352 00:18:43,490 --> 00:18:46,923 good person and that they should throw the book at me. 353 00:18:47,820 --> 00:18:49,940 But if I wanted to change, 354 00:18:49,940 --> 00:18:51,560 then the change had to be with me. 355 00:18:51,560 --> 00:18:52,970 It couldn't be anybody else 356 00:18:52,970 --> 00:18:55,080 and I couldn't blame anybody else 357 00:18:55,080 --> 00:18:57,510 and my father made the comment that he was a Marine 358 00:18:57,510 --> 00:19:02,180 and he was a combat Marine and a decorated Marine 359 00:19:02,180 --> 00:19:06,290 and that Marines didn't put up with any nonsense. 360 00:19:06,290 --> 00:19:08,480 So that put the idea in my head that maybe 361 00:19:08,480 --> 00:19:11,650 these Marines were a pretty tough outfit to belong to. 362 00:19:11,650 --> 00:19:14,550 I wanted to be a Marine if they could make you that tough. 363 00:19:15,760 --> 00:19:18,770 - It was when Jim Corman, the Congressman 364 00:19:18,770 --> 00:19:21,990 who was very close to Harry said to him one day, 365 00:19:21,990 --> 00:19:24,910 he said, "You know, you'd make a fine judge." 366 00:19:24,910 --> 00:19:26,440 And he said "I'm going to try 367 00:19:26,440 --> 00:19:28,657 to see whether that's possible." 368 00:19:29,590 --> 00:19:32,050 Pat Brown, who was Governor Brown 369 00:19:32,050 --> 00:19:34,440 was impressed with my husband. 370 00:19:34,440 --> 00:19:37,320 He liked what Harry was doing 371 00:19:37,320 --> 00:19:40,500 and so it just happened there was an opening. 372 00:19:40,500 --> 00:19:44,710 Harry first became a Municipal Court Judge. 373 00:19:44,710 --> 00:19:47,170 One year later, he was appointed 374 00:19:47,170 --> 00:19:49,960 to be a Superior Court Judge. 375 00:19:49,960 --> 00:19:52,300 He was appointed to the District Court 376 00:19:52,300 --> 00:19:54,413 by President Lyndon Johnson. 377 00:19:55,635 --> 00:19:58,552 (gunfire clacking) 378 00:19:59,642 --> 00:20:01,607 (explosion booms) 379 00:20:01,607 --> 00:20:05,340 Harry was torn when it came to Vietnam. 380 00:20:05,340 --> 00:20:08,030 He felt that everybody should serve 381 00:20:08,030 --> 00:20:11,903 but he understood why others didn't feel that way. 382 00:20:13,130 --> 00:20:16,620 - The War was just heating up when I got out of high school 383 00:20:16,620 --> 00:20:19,430 and you could go into college, you could get a deferment 384 00:20:19,430 --> 00:20:22,980 and avoid going in the service at all 385 00:20:22,980 --> 00:20:25,930 and so I took that deferment and I went to college, 386 00:20:25,930 --> 00:20:29,030 not necessarily because I wanted to go to college 387 00:20:29,030 --> 00:20:31,340 but because I could get a deferment. 388 00:20:31,340 --> 00:20:33,750 A couple of years down the line when the War began getting 389 00:20:33,750 --> 00:20:37,883 worse, I decided I had to take personal responsibility 390 00:20:37,883 --> 00:20:40,990 for my position on the War and that I had sort of white 391 00:20:40,990 --> 00:20:44,050 privilege going to school when other kids couldn't. 392 00:20:44,050 --> 00:20:47,970 So I sent in my 2-S and they made me a 1-A. 393 00:20:47,970 --> 00:20:50,050 They called me for a physical 394 00:20:50,050 --> 00:20:54,863 and I refused to take the physical and then I was indicted. 395 00:20:55,740 --> 00:20:58,120 When they said "The People of the United States 396 00:20:58,120 --> 00:21:00,630 of America versus Robert Paul Zaugh," 397 00:21:00,630 --> 00:21:04,910 I felt this huge wave of adrenal fear 398 00:21:06,000 --> 00:21:08,640 jolt me and pass through my body 399 00:21:08,640 --> 00:21:12,230 and once it did, I was not nervous. 400 00:21:12,230 --> 00:21:15,520 The Judge didn't have to let you defend yourself. 401 00:21:15,520 --> 00:21:16,847 They could just keep it to 402 00:21:16,847 --> 00:21:20,380 "Did you refuse induction or did you not?" 403 00:21:20,380 --> 00:21:21,980 It's a yes or no answer 404 00:21:21,980 --> 00:21:24,360 and that could be the end of your case. 405 00:21:24,360 --> 00:21:28,230 Even though the prosecutor objected to my presentation, 406 00:21:28,230 --> 00:21:32,190 Pregerson said, "I want to hear what Mr. Zaugh has to say." 407 00:21:32,190 --> 00:21:35,640 So I spoke for, I don't know, 20 minutes. 408 00:21:35,640 --> 00:21:37,727 He acquitted me of refusing induction 409 00:21:37,727 --> 00:21:40,550 and he convicted me of refusing to take a physical. 410 00:21:40,550 --> 00:21:44,170 He sentenced me to work in the national interest. 411 00:21:44,170 --> 00:21:48,010 I told them that I was working at Peace Press, 412 00:21:48,010 --> 00:21:52,030 that we printed for Angela Davis, Daniel Ellsberg, 413 00:21:52,030 --> 00:21:55,770 the Communist Party, the Black Panthers, et cetera 414 00:21:55,770 --> 00:21:57,900 and that that was the national interest and that's 415 00:21:57,900 --> 00:22:01,680 what I was going to do and they never challenged that. 416 00:22:01,680 --> 00:22:04,440 I thought perhaps it was my so-called 417 00:22:04,440 --> 00:22:08,930 brilliant defense that had kept me out of prison. 418 00:22:08,930 --> 00:22:13,560 But what Pregerson said was that he visits everybody 419 00:22:13,560 --> 00:22:16,920 he sends to prison and that he went up to Lompoc 420 00:22:16,920 --> 00:22:19,480 to visit a bank robber and he looked on 421 00:22:19,480 --> 00:22:22,920 the prison manifest and he saw the name of Mike Swartz. 422 00:22:22,920 --> 00:22:26,400 He thought Schwartz was picking corn in Safford, Arizona, 423 00:22:26,400 --> 00:22:28,070 the minimum security prison 424 00:22:28,070 --> 00:22:30,040 that most resisters were sent to. 425 00:22:30,040 --> 00:22:33,240 It wasn't my argument that got me off. 426 00:22:33,240 --> 00:22:35,950 It was one, he didn't like the conditions 427 00:22:35,950 --> 00:22:39,550 in that prison and two, he realized how serious 428 00:22:39,550 --> 00:22:42,700 the draft resisters were about what they were doing 429 00:22:42,700 --> 00:22:45,250 and he decided personally he was not gonna 430 00:22:45,250 --> 00:22:48,310 send any more draft resisters to prison 431 00:22:49,210 --> 00:22:52,247 and lo and behold, I was the next case. 432 00:22:52,247 --> 00:22:55,580 (relaxed guitar music) 433 00:22:55,580 --> 00:22:59,780 - They came home, they had to find a job. 434 00:22:59,780 --> 00:23:03,080 Many of them had been gone for a number of years. 435 00:23:03,080 --> 00:23:08,080 They hadn't had training to move into the mainstream 436 00:23:08,120 --> 00:23:11,610 and so many of them wound up on the streets. 437 00:23:11,610 --> 00:23:15,370 They were homeless and they were needing 438 00:23:15,370 --> 00:23:18,230 help and nobody was giving them help. 439 00:23:18,230 --> 00:23:22,090 So Harry just went crazy over that idea 440 00:23:22,090 --> 00:23:25,370 that you have people serving, putting their life 441 00:23:25,370 --> 00:23:29,340 on the line, as he saw all these men do, 442 00:23:29,340 --> 00:23:30,173 Marines 443 00:23:31,714 --> 00:23:34,390 and Navy and Army guys 444 00:23:34,390 --> 00:23:38,377 and gals and he said, "How can you treat them so poorly?" 445 00:23:40,193 --> 00:23:43,510 - In Los Angeles alone, there were about 24,000 homeless 446 00:23:43,510 --> 00:23:47,620 veterans and he really took it to heart that these guys 447 00:23:47,620 --> 00:23:50,420 were out on the street and they and they couldn't get help 448 00:23:50,420 --> 00:23:53,370 and tears came to his eyes, 449 00:23:53,370 --> 00:23:56,820 just showing that he cared deeply about everyone, 450 00:23:56,820 --> 00:24:01,820 about every veteran who wasn't being helped in the world. 451 00:24:01,870 --> 00:24:04,580 Harry and I really connected early on in that. 452 00:24:04,580 --> 00:24:06,640 He found out that I was a Marine. 453 00:24:06,640 --> 00:24:09,950 We are taught to protect those around us. 454 00:24:09,950 --> 00:24:13,960 We become a unit and we watch each other's back, 455 00:24:13,960 --> 00:24:16,490 which in combat is absolutely essential. 456 00:24:16,490 --> 00:24:19,400 So he identified a building, he found 457 00:24:19,400 --> 00:24:22,240 the people who would give the down payment on the building. 458 00:24:22,240 --> 00:24:23,370 He really put together 459 00:24:23,370 --> 00:24:26,373 the building blocks of what became US Vets. 460 00:24:27,300 --> 00:24:29,450 Our workers go out into the streets, 461 00:24:29,450 --> 00:24:32,280 go under the bridges, by the freeways 462 00:24:32,280 --> 00:24:35,090 and when they see an encampment of homeless people, 463 00:24:35,090 --> 00:24:36,960 they'll say, "Are any of you veterans?" 464 00:24:36,960 --> 00:24:37,960 - Are you a veteran? 465 00:24:40,310 --> 00:24:41,150 You got any vets out here? 466 00:24:41,150 --> 00:24:42,943 And Army, Navy, Marines? - Army. 467 00:24:48,395 --> 00:24:49,897 - Are you a veteran by any chance? 468 00:24:49,897 --> 00:24:50,980 Are you a United States veteran? 469 00:24:50,980 --> 00:24:55,800 - Once be bring them in, we assess them, try to determine 470 00:24:55,800 --> 00:24:59,530 what are those things that led them to homelessness? 471 00:24:59,530 --> 00:25:01,460 - We got guys that just got out 472 00:25:01,460 --> 00:25:04,297 of the military last year, you know? 473 00:25:06,722 --> 00:25:11,157 We have from World War II all the way up. 474 00:25:11,157 --> 00:25:14,103 (plane humming) 475 00:25:14,103 --> 00:25:17,783 The only family they have is right here, this community. 476 00:25:19,230 --> 00:25:20,970 - You see, it started 35 years ago. 477 00:25:20,970 --> 00:25:24,580 Harry was watching television and on the news, 478 00:25:24,580 --> 00:25:26,160 the Salvation Army was managing 479 00:25:26,160 --> 00:25:28,980 a homeless shelter, a cold winter shelter. 480 00:25:28,980 --> 00:25:31,560 It was a very bleak and cold winter 481 00:25:31,560 --> 00:25:34,680 and many of the homeless were dying on the streets. 482 00:25:34,680 --> 00:25:37,090 The city announced that the shelter would 483 00:25:37,090 --> 00:25:39,270 be closed and that the Salvation Army would cease 484 00:25:39,270 --> 00:25:41,983 to manage it because there were no more funds left. 485 00:25:43,060 --> 00:25:47,580 They asked my father, "What are these homeless going to do?" 486 00:25:47,580 --> 00:25:49,620 And he says, "They're gonna probably 487 00:25:49,620 --> 00:25:52,447 have to go back to sleeping on the streets." 488 00:25:53,610 --> 00:25:55,860 Well, Harry saw that interview on television 489 00:25:55,860 --> 00:25:58,770 and just within about an hour after my father 490 00:25:58,770 --> 00:26:03,510 got back to his office, he got a phone call from Harry 491 00:26:03,510 --> 00:26:06,240 and you know that when you get a phone call from Harry, 492 00:26:06,240 --> 00:26:09,840 something's about to happen, something's going to be done 493 00:26:09,840 --> 00:26:11,570 and it's probably gonna challenge you to do 494 00:26:11,570 --> 00:26:14,400 a lot more than you ever thought you were gonna do. 495 00:26:14,400 --> 00:26:16,300 The Judge drove him down to Bell, 496 00:26:16,300 --> 00:26:19,010 government land that wasn't being used. 497 00:26:19,010 --> 00:26:21,920 He said, "What could you do with this?" 498 00:26:21,920 --> 00:26:25,170 500 men and women from that day forward were 499 00:26:25,170 --> 00:26:29,265 housed at this complex because Harry made it happen. 500 00:26:29,265 --> 00:26:31,830 (relaxed guitar music) 501 00:26:31,830 --> 00:26:34,250 - [Harry] If you want to meet wonderful people, 502 00:26:34,250 --> 00:26:37,990 kind people, sharing people, decent people, 503 00:26:37,990 --> 00:26:41,200 you go to a homeless shelter and you sit down with them. 504 00:26:41,200 --> 00:26:44,670 They'll share whatever they have with the next person. 505 00:26:44,670 --> 00:26:47,450 They're concerned about others' problems. 506 00:26:47,450 --> 00:26:49,320 There's so much talent there. 507 00:26:49,320 --> 00:26:51,470 We've had lawyers who were homeless. 508 00:26:51,470 --> 00:26:53,810 We've had bankers who were homeless. 509 00:26:53,810 --> 00:26:56,720 We've had NBA basketball players. 510 00:26:56,720 --> 00:26:58,810 We've had a lot of folks that 511 00:26:58,810 --> 00:27:02,170 are just struggling to survive every day. 512 00:27:02,170 --> 00:27:05,550 They come to our place and we have a total array 513 00:27:05,550 --> 00:27:08,633 of programs to help 'em get back on their feet. 514 00:27:10,980 --> 00:27:12,990 - When the Pregerson family 515 00:27:12,990 --> 00:27:16,023 asked me to share a few reflections, 516 00:27:17,160 --> 00:27:19,850 I wanted to speak from my heart and think of what's 517 00:27:19,850 --> 00:27:23,340 the truest thing I can say to honor this magnificent man 518 00:27:23,340 --> 00:27:25,330 and it occurred to me it is somewhat ironic 519 00:27:25,330 --> 00:27:28,910 that as a Catholic and Christian, the person 520 00:27:28,910 --> 00:27:32,350 who most has reminded me of Jesus on my journey 521 00:27:32,350 --> 00:27:34,950 was a man of Jewish persuasion named Harry 522 00:27:35,890 --> 00:27:38,180 and I had mentioned this to my wife, 523 00:27:38,180 --> 00:27:40,470 my most honest critic, Denise. 524 00:27:40,470 --> 00:27:42,130 She said "No, you're not gonna say that. 525 00:27:42,130 --> 00:27:44,430 First of all, Jesus was a Jew. 526 00:27:44,430 --> 00:27:45,680 You're gonna sound like an ignorant 527 00:27:45,680 --> 00:27:46,900 Catholic boy who doesn't know his history. 528 00:27:46,900 --> 00:27:48,250 You're not gonna say that." 529 00:27:49,151 --> 00:27:51,560 It kinda reminded me of those moments when you've been 530 00:27:51,560 --> 00:27:55,280 at those events that honor Harry and as was mentioned, 531 00:27:55,280 --> 00:27:56,960 he has a tendency to kinda go on and on 532 00:27:56,960 --> 00:27:59,120 with his enthusiasm and so finally Bern 533 00:27:59,120 --> 00:28:01,080 pops up and says "Harry, get down, 534 00:28:01,080 --> 00:28:03,120 you're done, get off the stage." 535 00:28:03,120 --> 00:28:05,400 God bless our wives. 536 00:28:05,400 --> 00:28:08,210 Harry recognized that as devastating 537 00:28:08,210 --> 00:28:10,513 as material poverty can be, 538 00:28:11,430 --> 00:28:16,430 it is the disconnection from a community of care 539 00:28:16,790 --> 00:28:20,483 that most depresses the plights of our homeless neighbors. 540 00:28:21,320 --> 00:28:25,590 I am convinced that this is why the individual attention 541 00:28:25,590 --> 00:28:29,490 he devoted to the poor and powerless surpassed that 542 00:28:29,490 --> 00:28:31,913 which he directed to the powerful and the elite. 543 00:28:33,250 --> 00:28:37,040 His message to the homeless was you deserve more 544 00:28:37,910 --> 00:28:42,910 and I believe in you, don't give up on your dreams. 545 00:28:43,090 --> 00:28:45,517 The message he conveyed to the powerful was 546 00:28:45,517 --> 00:28:49,658 you need to do more or I won't believe in you because you'll 547 00:28:49,658 --> 00:28:54,097 be giving up on the dream of what we must be as a community. 548 00:28:55,170 --> 00:28:59,100 - In 1979, Harry was nominated to the Ninth Circuit 549 00:28:59,100 --> 00:29:03,200 Court of Appeals by President Jimmy Carter. 550 00:29:03,200 --> 00:29:04,610 He went before the Senate 551 00:29:04,610 --> 00:29:07,193 Judiciary Committee for confirmation. 552 00:29:08,650 --> 00:29:12,970 Harry was asked by one of the Senators 553 00:29:12,970 --> 00:29:16,287 and pushed by one of the Senators, 554 00:29:16,287 --> 00:29:18,180 "What would you do, Judge, 555 00:29:18,180 --> 00:29:22,950 if you had a case in which you had to decide 556 00:29:22,950 --> 00:29:26,230 according to the law or your conscience?" 557 00:29:26,230 --> 00:29:29,510 And Harry really said afterwards to me 558 00:29:29,510 --> 00:29:32,060 and others that that made him very uncomfortable 559 00:29:32,060 --> 00:29:34,110 to try to answer a question like that 560 00:29:35,590 --> 00:29:39,410 and he finally, because they pressed him, he finally 561 00:29:39,410 --> 00:29:43,700 said "My conscience is the product of the 10 Commandments, 562 00:29:43,700 --> 00:29:46,800 the Bill of Rights, the Boy Scout Oath 563 00:29:46,800 --> 00:29:48,343 and the Marine Corps Hymn. 564 00:29:49,220 --> 00:29:53,290 If I had to follow my conscience or the law, 565 00:29:53,290 --> 00:29:55,277 I would follow my conscience." 566 00:29:58,950 --> 00:30:00,680 Harry could not lie. 567 00:30:00,680 --> 00:30:02,620 Harry had no guile. 568 00:30:02,620 --> 00:30:05,710 He just was what he was. 569 00:30:05,710 --> 00:30:08,350 People would take him for what he was 570 00:30:08,350 --> 00:30:12,900 and I think everybody recognized that this was a man of 571 00:30:15,170 --> 00:30:16,690 great 572 00:30:16,690 --> 00:30:17,523 honor, 573 00:30:18,410 --> 00:30:21,962 of great morality, of integrity. 574 00:30:21,962 --> 00:30:25,545 (soft piano, violin music) 575 00:30:54,180 --> 00:30:56,060 - I was asked to speak on behalf 576 00:30:56,060 --> 00:30:59,890 of HP's law clerks past and present. 577 00:30:59,890 --> 00:31:02,670 There are over 150 of us 578 00:31:02,670 --> 00:31:06,050 over his 45 years on the Federal bench. 579 00:31:06,050 --> 00:31:07,580 He has sworn most of us 580 00:31:07,580 --> 00:31:10,230 into the Bar and into other positions. 581 00:31:10,230 --> 00:31:13,150 Since he's been a Circuit Judge, he has taken 582 00:31:13,150 --> 00:31:16,413 the liberty of embellishing the State Bar Oath. 583 00:31:17,580 --> 00:31:21,387 He adds the promise, which he makes us all repeat, 584 00:31:21,387 --> 00:31:24,761 "I will never file an oversized brief." 585 00:31:24,761 --> 00:31:27,250 (audience laughs) 586 00:31:27,250 --> 00:31:29,490 He bragged about other people's kids 587 00:31:29,490 --> 00:31:32,463 and shared pictures as if they were his own. 588 00:31:33,350 --> 00:31:36,760 He took the cane, an item that some might view 589 00:31:36,760 --> 00:31:40,510 as a symbol of weakness and made it powerful and fun. 590 00:31:40,510 --> 00:31:42,690 He used to do tricks with his cane. 591 00:31:42,690 --> 00:31:46,970 HP regularly hired female law clerks from the get-go, 592 00:31:46,970 --> 00:31:49,160 long before many of his colleagues 593 00:31:49,160 --> 00:31:51,970 would even consider such a hire and if you got 594 00:31:51,970 --> 00:31:55,100 pregnant while you were working for him, no problem. 595 00:31:55,100 --> 00:31:57,300 Just bring the crib in. 596 00:31:57,300 --> 00:31:59,413 He had it all set up as a nursery. 597 00:32:00,350 --> 00:32:02,030 He was always on the phone, 598 00:32:02,030 --> 00:32:04,900 moving and shaking, wheeling and dealing. 599 00:32:04,900 --> 00:32:07,740 It was so frustrating if you were trying to keep him 600 00:32:07,740 --> 00:32:12,070 on a deadline or help him get an opinion out but he taught 601 00:32:12,070 --> 00:32:16,710 us how to get amazing things done by personal contact. 602 00:32:16,710 --> 00:32:19,040 When he saw a wrong that needed to be righted, 603 00:32:19,040 --> 00:32:20,520 he gathered the law clerks 604 00:32:20,520 --> 00:32:23,480 and he gave us our marching orders. 605 00:32:23,480 --> 00:32:27,200 Find the law and build to the right decision. 606 00:32:27,200 --> 00:32:30,400 He said the law is like going to Builder's Emporium, 607 00:32:30,400 --> 00:32:32,690 figure out what you want to build 608 00:32:32,690 --> 00:32:35,950 and then use the law as a tool to build it. 609 00:32:35,950 --> 00:32:38,763 And he had amazing legal vision. 610 00:32:39,920 --> 00:32:43,777 His dissent in Sullivan versus United States in 1985 611 00:32:45,890 --> 00:32:49,770 lamented the failure of the Court and our government 612 00:32:49,770 --> 00:32:54,713 to recognize the importance of a party's same-sex marriage. 613 00:32:56,310 --> 00:33:00,270 In 1998 in US versus Lipman, 614 00:33:00,270 --> 00:33:03,680 long before the DACA controversy, 615 00:33:03,680 --> 00:33:06,860 he authored a little-known opinion that 616 00:33:06,860 --> 00:33:11,203 gave legal recognition to real life on the street. 617 00:33:12,110 --> 00:33:15,320 That it is no surprise that children 618 00:33:15,320 --> 00:33:19,040 brought to this country illegally by their parents 619 00:33:19,040 --> 00:33:22,223 become as American as the rest of us. 620 00:33:23,370 --> 00:33:25,760 - He was obviously incredibly impactful 621 00:33:25,760 --> 00:33:29,120 as a jurist and I think for two different reasons. 622 00:33:29,120 --> 00:33:32,673 One, he personified idealism. 623 00:33:33,560 --> 00:33:35,863 The law was there to protect people. 624 00:33:36,970 --> 00:33:41,420 It was infused with values, equality and fairness 625 00:33:42,560 --> 00:33:47,280 but he also was the consummate pragmatist. 626 00:33:47,280 --> 00:33:51,150 He measured whether something was just 627 00:33:51,150 --> 00:33:56,150 based on its actual effect on real people's lives. 628 00:33:56,300 --> 00:33:59,467 (relaxed piano music) 629 00:34:02,780 --> 00:34:05,130 - In the mid-80s, it came to light that the city 630 00:34:05,130 --> 00:34:08,460 of Los Angeles had been inadequately treating its sewage 631 00:34:08,460 --> 00:34:10,190 and was essentially dumping everything that 632 00:34:10,190 --> 00:34:13,293 was flushed down a toilet into Santa Monica Bay. 633 00:34:14,680 --> 00:34:18,130 - The Hyperion Treatment Plant was not coming close 634 00:34:18,130 --> 00:34:20,720 to meeting the requirements under the Clean Water Act. 635 00:34:20,720 --> 00:34:23,640 We had a dead zone in the middle of Santa Monica Bay. 636 00:34:23,640 --> 00:34:25,790 We had sewage spills closing the beaches 637 00:34:25,790 --> 00:34:28,380 even in the height of summer and people were 638 00:34:28,380 --> 00:34:30,780 just sick and tired of the poor water quality. 639 00:34:32,620 --> 00:34:34,530 It was very much under the radar. 640 00:34:34,530 --> 00:34:37,180 Then Assemblyman Tom Hayden held hearings. 641 00:34:37,180 --> 00:34:38,790 Then all of a sudden, the sorry state 642 00:34:38,790 --> 00:34:41,103 of sewage became front page news. 643 00:34:43,020 --> 00:34:45,360 Judge Pregerson had been the District Judge 644 00:34:45,360 --> 00:34:48,500 who had been presiding over the enforcement case. 645 00:34:48,500 --> 00:34:51,990 It then got put on hold for many, many years and by the time 646 00:34:51,990 --> 00:34:54,880 it reopened, he was an Appellate Court Judge but he kept 647 00:34:54,880 --> 00:34:58,090 on the case because he already had the experience. 648 00:34:58,090 --> 00:35:00,250 He required all of us to go on a tour 649 00:35:00,250 --> 00:35:02,860 of the Hyperion Treatment Plant and he made sure 650 00:35:02,860 --> 00:35:04,900 that everybody got up close and personal 651 00:35:04,900 --> 00:35:06,750 to what's known as the headworks, 652 00:35:06,750 --> 00:35:08,550 where there are bar screens that screen 653 00:35:08,550 --> 00:35:11,930 out the crazy large items and things that people dump 654 00:35:11,930 --> 00:35:14,880 into sewers down manholes and flush down the toilets. 655 00:35:14,880 --> 00:35:17,750 It's the most odorful area. 656 00:35:17,750 --> 00:35:20,160 - [Mark] We ended up meeting once a quarter. 657 00:35:20,160 --> 00:35:23,530 Judge Harry Pregerson presided to run those meetings. 658 00:35:23,530 --> 00:35:26,560 - Stuck in a room having to go through everything, 659 00:35:26,560 --> 00:35:29,230 we started to develop some honest relationships. 660 00:35:29,230 --> 00:35:30,547 Being able to ask questions, you know, 661 00:35:30,547 --> 00:35:33,130 "Would you let your daughter go swim 662 00:35:33,130 --> 00:35:34,720 in the beach out near the plant?" 663 00:35:34,720 --> 00:35:35,990 And the answer was no. 664 00:35:35,990 --> 00:35:38,730 - He was so down earth and so folksy 665 00:35:38,730 --> 00:35:41,780 and he just had this incredible way 666 00:35:41,780 --> 00:35:44,830 of making everybody in that room feel at ease 667 00:35:44,830 --> 00:35:47,720 and also feel that their voice was important. 668 00:35:47,720 --> 00:35:50,830 We I think realized, somewhat to our horror, 669 00:35:50,830 --> 00:35:52,740 that we had approached talking about 670 00:35:53,690 --> 00:35:57,850 the men and women of the Public Works Department 671 00:35:57,850 --> 00:35:59,700 as if the folks who went to work at the sewage 672 00:35:59,700 --> 00:36:02,260 treatment plant went there every morning to manufacturer 673 00:36:02,260 --> 00:36:05,210 sewage for the joy of dumping it in the ocean 674 00:36:05,210 --> 00:36:08,530 as opposed to it being hardworking men and women 675 00:36:08,530 --> 00:36:10,650 who were dealing with a river of human waste 676 00:36:10,650 --> 00:36:13,210 coming at them 24 hours a day that they hadn't been 677 00:36:13,210 --> 00:36:16,822 given the resources they needed to deal with adequately. 678 00:36:16,822 --> 00:36:20,489 (soft piano, trumpet music) 679 00:36:22,493 --> 00:36:25,350 I think Judge Pregerson and his very humanity 680 00:36:25,350 --> 00:36:28,510 in forcing us to come together as people to figure out 681 00:36:28,510 --> 00:36:31,410 what could be done as opposed to fighting in the 682 00:36:31,410 --> 00:36:35,283 traditional sense really brought the best out of all of us. 683 00:36:57,980 --> 00:37:00,133 - We hear the term activist judge. 684 00:37:01,280 --> 00:37:04,290 That doesn't really encompass 685 00:37:04,290 --> 00:37:08,680 the activist judge that Harry Pregerson was. 686 00:37:08,680 --> 00:37:10,930 He taught us it's not just what you do in law 687 00:37:10,930 --> 00:37:13,970 with your hands in the opinions that you write 688 00:37:13,970 --> 00:37:17,470 but it's what you do with your feet outside the courtroom. 689 00:37:17,470 --> 00:37:20,130 When a freeway going through South Los Angeles was going 690 00:37:20,130 --> 00:37:24,810 to uproot low income families, he stopped it in its tracks. 691 00:37:24,810 --> 00:37:27,980 The first time in the history perhaps of this nation 692 00:37:27,980 --> 00:37:30,840 that a judge stopped an infrastructure project 693 00:37:30,840 --> 00:37:34,130 like that out of justice, to make sure that something that 694 00:37:34,130 --> 00:37:38,653 was supposed to serve all of us did not leave anyone behind. 695 00:37:39,690 --> 00:37:42,490 - The Century Freeway was planned 696 00:37:42,490 --> 00:37:47,490 deliberately to go right through the urban area 697 00:37:47,530 --> 00:37:51,370 and in doing so, it would destroy 698 00:37:51,370 --> 00:37:54,803 approximately 8,000 housing units. 699 00:37:55,740 --> 00:37:58,410 We were very young, still very green 700 00:37:58,410 --> 00:38:00,450 and trying to figure out what 701 00:38:00,450 --> 00:38:03,920 public interest law could be about. 702 00:38:03,920 --> 00:38:07,110 Judge Pregerson understood the need to act quickly 703 00:38:07,110 --> 00:38:10,440 and Judge Pregerson kept going back to Caltrans 704 00:38:10,440 --> 00:38:12,320 and saying "You need to do a better job 705 00:38:12,320 --> 00:38:15,250 of addressing the problems of blight." 706 00:38:15,250 --> 00:38:19,923 He continued the injunction in effect for seven years. 707 00:38:21,330 --> 00:38:26,330 Judge Pregerson clearly understood that a very robust 708 00:38:26,510 --> 00:38:31,510 mitigation plan was going to be the optimum solution. 709 00:38:31,900 --> 00:38:35,210 He delivered that message and that was critical 710 00:38:35,210 --> 00:38:37,570 to getting both the Federal and the State 711 00:38:37,570 --> 00:38:40,910 government to agree to a plan that was 712 00:38:40,910 --> 00:38:44,680 going to cost hundreds of millions of dollars. 713 00:38:44,680 --> 00:38:48,480 The settlement provided that roughly half the cost of the 714 00:38:48,480 --> 00:38:53,250 freeway was going to be put into the mitigation measures. 715 00:38:53,250 --> 00:38:56,920 Pregerson was more responsible than anybody 716 00:38:56,920 --> 00:38:59,860 for establishing the Apprenticeship Program. 717 00:38:59,860 --> 00:39:02,660 You should have certain numbers of women, 718 00:39:02,660 --> 00:39:05,450 you should have certain numbers of the minority. 719 00:39:05,450 --> 00:39:07,030 You should try to have as many people 720 00:39:07,030 --> 00:39:09,329 from the impacted area as possible. 721 00:39:09,329 --> 00:39:12,800 That proved to be extremely difficult 722 00:39:12,800 --> 00:39:15,320 because a lot of people that you would want 723 00:39:15,320 --> 00:39:18,600 to get those jobs didn't have the skills. 724 00:39:18,600 --> 00:39:22,130 Pregerson said "Well, let's have an Apprenticeship Program 725 00:39:22,130 --> 00:39:25,070 where we teach these people the skills from the beginning, 726 00:39:25,070 --> 00:39:27,210 how to hit a hammer into a nail, 727 00:39:27,210 --> 00:39:30,728 then go up from there and drive the bulldozer." 728 00:39:30,728 --> 00:39:32,400 (bulldozer rumbles) 729 00:39:32,400 --> 00:39:35,430 He had a great concern for minorities. 730 00:39:35,430 --> 00:39:37,290 Maybe it was his Jewish background, 731 00:39:37,290 --> 00:39:41,150 that he felt he was a minority religiously 732 00:39:42,150 --> 00:39:44,840 and that the Jewish community was one 733 00:39:44,840 --> 00:39:47,550 of many minority groups as he grew up 734 00:39:47,550 --> 00:39:50,310 and so he felt concerned for other minority groups. 735 00:39:50,310 --> 00:39:52,073 I'm not sure where he got that. 736 00:39:53,482 --> 00:39:56,815 (relaxed trumpet music) 737 00:40:02,550 --> 00:40:05,030 - This is a letter from a Congressman, 738 00:40:05,030 --> 00:40:09,000 Chuck Holifield of the 19th District in California 739 00:40:09,000 --> 00:40:14,000 and he writes to my husband on September 11th, 1945, 740 00:40:14,217 --> 00:40:17,420 "Dear Harry, I rejoice with you 741 00:40:17,420 --> 00:40:20,600 in the restoration of your Commission. 742 00:40:20,600 --> 00:40:22,960 The most important thing in this whole affair 743 00:40:22,960 --> 00:40:25,130 is that you've proven your ability 744 00:40:25,130 --> 00:40:28,727 to overcome what seemed to be a very great tragedy." 745 00:40:30,710 --> 00:40:32,783 Oh, where to begin? 746 00:40:35,760 --> 00:40:40,760 There's no question that my husband suffered from PTSD. 747 00:40:42,440 --> 00:40:47,080 I've known it, Harry has known it and you could say well, 748 00:40:47,080 --> 00:40:49,180 he certainly suffered in the battlefield. 749 00:40:49,180 --> 00:40:51,920 He had these severe wounds in Okinawa 750 00:40:52,820 --> 00:40:57,470 but by far the greatest suffering that my husband had 751 00:40:57,470 --> 00:41:00,110 was when he was in Quantico, Virginia 752 00:41:00,110 --> 00:41:03,330 in the Officer's Training Facility 753 00:41:03,330 --> 00:41:06,403 to become a Second Lieutenant in the Marine Corps. 754 00:41:07,430 --> 00:41:11,300 When Harry and his friend Mike graduated from the ROTC 755 00:41:11,300 --> 00:41:14,993 program at UCLA, they were then sent to Quantico. 756 00:41:16,697 --> 00:41:19,100 They were absolutely shocked 757 00:41:20,733 --> 00:41:23,530 by the outrageous racism, 758 00:41:23,530 --> 00:41:24,673 bigotry, 759 00:41:25,680 --> 00:41:29,290 anti-Semitism that would permeate 760 00:41:29,290 --> 00:41:33,013 every aspect of their military life there. 761 00:41:33,960 --> 00:41:36,850 Right after they had taken an exam, 762 00:41:36,850 --> 00:41:40,590 they were called into the office of an officer 763 00:41:40,590 --> 00:41:45,590 who they considered not very friendly towards Jews and told 764 00:41:45,870 --> 00:41:49,840 that they had been found to have cheated on the exam 765 00:41:49,840 --> 00:41:52,707 and of course they denied it and then the officer said, 766 00:41:52,707 --> 00:41:54,720 "Well then now that you've denied it, 767 00:41:54,720 --> 00:41:57,007 you're not only a cheat but you're liars." 768 00:41:58,010 --> 00:42:01,500 Just before graduation, they were called in 769 00:42:01,500 --> 00:42:05,463 and told they were going to be dishonorably discharged. 770 00:42:07,660 --> 00:42:11,953 That was probably the greatest pain that Harry's ever known. 771 00:42:13,970 --> 00:42:17,480 The day that they received their dishonorable discharges, 772 00:42:17,480 --> 00:42:20,330 Harry decided that he would enlist 773 00:42:20,330 --> 00:42:24,373 the very next day in the Marine Corps as a Private. 774 00:42:25,400 --> 00:42:27,373 He was going into that War. 775 00:42:30,830 --> 00:42:33,380 And then a strange thing happened. 776 00:42:33,380 --> 00:42:35,700 Evidently there were enough people 777 00:42:35,700 --> 00:42:39,790 in high places who said this is terrible travesty, 778 00:42:39,790 --> 00:42:42,350 what was done to these two boys. 779 00:42:42,350 --> 00:42:43,640 Harry was told 780 00:42:45,290 --> 00:42:48,050 that he would get back his commission 781 00:42:48,050 --> 00:42:50,320 and it would be a field commission. 782 00:42:50,320 --> 00:42:52,330 But what happened was he was severely 783 00:42:52,330 --> 00:42:55,653 wounded with these badly mangled legs. 784 00:42:56,640 --> 00:42:59,603 The doctor came to see him and he said, "Son, 785 00:43:00,490 --> 00:43:03,920 one of the requirements is you're going to have to walk. 786 00:43:03,920 --> 00:43:05,357 You're gonna have to walk." 787 00:43:07,700 --> 00:43:08,690 And so 788 00:43:11,240 --> 00:43:12,180 Harry got up 789 00:43:14,120 --> 00:43:15,433 and he walked. 790 00:43:18,490 --> 00:43:21,750 He walked about 10 steps 791 00:43:21,750 --> 00:43:25,910 and the doctor had a wheelchair waiting for him and 792 00:43:28,450 --> 00:43:30,200 he got his commission back 793 00:43:31,330 --> 00:43:36,330 and so, this wound that Harry suffered 794 00:43:36,670 --> 00:43:39,440 was rectified and yet it wasn't. 795 00:43:39,440 --> 00:43:41,610 He never wanted to talk about this. 796 00:43:41,610 --> 00:43:44,860 He didn't tell our children for years and years 797 00:43:44,860 --> 00:43:48,563 because he felt it was a stain on his character. 798 00:43:50,670 --> 00:43:53,330 One of the things that Harry learned 799 00:43:53,330 --> 00:43:58,330 from this experience was that a little person like Harry 800 00:43:58,540 --> 00:44:02,680 who was barely out of his teens when this event happened, 801 00:44:02,680 --> 00:44:07,530 a little person who had no power and had no network, 802 00:44:07,530 --> 00:44:11,170 no resource, no person who could help him 803 00:44:11,170 --> 00:44:16,170 was totally at the mercy of whatever powers might be 804 00:44:17,220 --> 00:44:20,440 and so I think Harry learned 805 00:44:20,440 --> 00:44:25,030 that one of the things he needed to do was to get power, 806 00:44:25,030 --> 00:44:29,083 to have some voice and then to start networking. 807 00:44:30,600 --> 00:44:33,673 I'll never forget his last words. 808 00:44:35,467 --> 00:44:38,370 "I'm so sorry. 809 00:44:38,370 --> 00:44:43,370 I regret so much that I can no longer help anybody." 810 00:44:52,620 --> 00:44:53,920 - I'm gonna bring it home. 811 00:44:57,330 --> 00:45:00,410 When I was eight years old, my grandfather gave me 812 00:45:00,410 --> 00:45:05,410 a stone with the inscription "Never, never, ever quit." 813 00:45:06,850 --> 00:45:11,499 Being eight, I didn't have anything yet to quit from. 814 00:45:11,499 --> 00:45:14,110 (audience laughs) 815 00:45:14,110 --> 00:45:17,457 When I was 10 years old, he bought me the book 816 00:45:17,457 --> 00:45:20,507 "How to Win Friends and Influence People." 817 00:45:22,070 --> 00:45:24,120 Win friends? 818 00:45:24,120 --> 00:45:26,150 Influence people? 819 00:45:26,150 --> 00:45:29,593 I was just focused on trying to be like Michael Jordan. 820 00:45:31,770 --> 00:45:36,770 As I got older, my grandpa continued to buy me books. 821 00:45:37,090 --> 00:45:39,340 Autobiographies of Abraham Lincoln, 822 00:45:39,340 --> 00:45:41,890 speeches of Winston Churchill 823 00:45:41,890 --> 00:45:45,580 and of course, Strunk's "Elements of Style." 824 00:45:45,580 --> 00:45:48,840 One summer, we went through this book cover to cover. 825 00:45:48,840 --> 00:45:51,170 He would call me each Sunday 826 00:45:51,170 --> 00:45:54,617 and say without any introduction, 827 00:45:54,617 --> 00:45:56,990 "Turn to page 57." 828 00:45:56,990 --> 00:46:00,310 (audience laughs) 829 00:46:00,310 --> 00:46:03,540 During one weekend session that I will never forget 830 00:46:03,540 --> 00:46:07,170 because it was a particularly beautiful summer day, 831 00:46:07,170 --> 00:46:09,903 I asked him if we could skip that day's session. 832 00:46:10,800 --> 00:46:14,290 Grandpa, I said, "It's a beautiful day. 833 00:46:14,290 --> 00:46:18,290 I want to go outside and have fun with the other kids." 834 00:46:18,290 --> 00:46:20,963 He said "Brad, let me tell you something. 835 00:46:23,030 --> 00:46:25,349 Fun is bullshit." 836 00:46:25,349 --> 00:46:28,850 (audience laughs) 837 00:46:28,850 --> 00:46:32,370 And I'll never forget that but it was ironic 838 00:46:32,370 --> 00:46:36,110 coming from someone who loved to make people laugh 839 00:46:36,110 --> 00:46:39,243 and even at 12 years old, I knew what he really meant. 840 00:46:40,250 --> 00:46:43,080 Don't waste time, work every day 841 00:46:43,080 --> 00:46:47,560 towards bettering yourself and strive to be better. 842 00:46:47,560 --> 00:46:49,620 In his later years, I went with him 843 00:46:49,620 --> 00:46:53,160 to many dinners and charity events and at those events, 844 00:46:53,160 --> 00:46:56,240 he would be seated at a table and a stranger would 845 00:46:56,240 --> 00:47:00,550 inevitably approach him and introduce themselves. 846 00:47:00,550 --> 00:47:02,633 He would slowly extend his hand. 847 00:47:03,570 --> 00:47:06,970 They would shake and suddenly the stranger 848 00:47:06,970 --> 00:47:10,843 was confronted with a Kung Fu grip they could not escape. 849 00:47:12,840 --> 00:47:17,620 The crippling grip continued as pleasantries were exchanged 850 00:47:17,620 --> 00:47:20,813 while the stranger pretended everything was normal. 851 00:47:23,300 --> 00:47:26,040 The handshake would continue an unusually 852 00:47:26,040 --> 00:47:28,880 long period of time where this stranger 853 00:47:28,880 --> 00:47:32,070 would finally begin to smile or laugh, 854 00:47:32,070 --> 00:47:36,110 I'm sure thinking this crazy old judge 855 00:47:36,110 --> 00:47:39,863 is squeezing the crap out of my hand and won't let go. 856 00:47:41,400 --> 00:47:44,400 Eventually grandpa would release his grip 857 00:47:44,400 --> 00:47:49,400 and a conversation or rather a history lesson would ensue. 858 00:47:49,517 --> 00:47:54,040 "Where do you live? Near downtown, near Pershing Square? 859 00:47:54,040 --> 00:47:56,746 Do you know about General Pershing?" 860 00:47:56,746 --> 00:47:58,080 (audience laughs) 861 00:47:58,080 --> 00:48:01,120 Soon contact information was requested 862 00:48:01,120 --> 00:48:05,900 and then exchanged and then the stranger unknowingly 863 00:48:05,900 --> 00:48:09,870 had enlisted as a member of grandpa's army. 864 00:48:09,870 --> 00:48:13,840 The truth is that all the good deeds he was able 865 00:48:13,840 --> 00:48:18,800 to accomplish were not the result of his efforts alone. 866 00:48:18,800 --> 00:48:22,320 No, there was an army of people who stood 867 00:48:22,320 --> 00:48:26,380 and fought with him who began as strangers, 868 00:48:26,380 --> 00:48:29,490 who were brought in with a Kung Fu grip 869 00:48:29,490 --> 00:48:31,983 and soon became lifelong friends. 870 00:48:32,940 --> 00:48:37,210 But grandpa wasn't afraid to take bold action, 871 00:48:37,210 --> 00:48:41,120 inspiring others to join him and they did 872 00:48:41,120 --> 00:48:44,850 because they knew he was fighting the good fight. 873 00:48:44,850 --> 00:48:49,850 He was a good man and he would never, never, ever quit. 874 00:48:51,100 --> 00:48:52,315 Thank you. 875 00:48:52,315 --> 00:48:55,315 (audience applauds) 876 00:48:57,376 --> 00:49:00,626 (somber trumpet music) 877 00:49:14,307 --> 00:49:18,690 - [Narrator] In his last days, Harry knew his work was done. 878 00:49:18,690 --> 00:49:21,693 That it was time for others to carry on his legacy. 879 00:49:23,110 --> 00:49:27,703 His message was we have to make this world a better place. 880 00:49:28,610 --> 00:49:31,763 We have to leave it in better shape than when we entered it. 881 00:49:33,277 --> 00:49:37,243 "God puts us here to take care of each other," he once said. 882 00:49:38,367 --> 00:49:39,763 And I really believe that. 883 00:50:00,056 --> 00:50:03,292 (soft piano music) 884 00:50:03,292 --> 00:50:06,459 (audience applauding) 885 00:50:12,190 --> 00:50:14,193 - I grew up in East LA. 886 00:50:15,211 --> 00:50:16,633 It was a wonderful place. 887 00:50:18,090 --> 00:50:19,383 In my high school, 888 00:50:20,830 --> 00:50:24,140 the students' parents came from 889 00:50:25,070 --> 00:50:26,880 over 50 countries 890 00:50:28,300 --> 00:50:29,403 around the world. 891 00:50:32,401 --> 00:50:34,700 You know, we all got along. 892 00:50:34,700 --> 00:50:36,920 We were like brothers and sisters. 893 00:50:36,920 --> 00:50:40,970 People worked together, they respected each other. 894 00:50:40,970 --> 00:50:45,210 I've looked at people that way, that they're all 895 00:50:46,680 --> 00:50:47,713 important. 896 00:50:48,920 --> 00:50:53,920 That they all have so much goodness within them. 897 00:50:54,570 --> 00:50:58,033 It's been a great journey for me, it's not finished. 898 00:51:01,044 --> 00:51:04,044 (audience applauds) 899 00:51:09,997 --> 00:51:12,387 I guess that means I should sit down. 900 00:51:12,387 --> 00:51:13,620 (audience laughs) 901 00:51:13,620 --> 00:51:16,370 But I just want to say this. 902 00:51:16,370 --> 00:51:17,463 As a country, 903 00:51:19,690 --> 00:51:21,793 we have a great future. 904 00:51:23,490 --> 00:51:27,063 We have great strength, we have great resources. 905 00:51:29,146 --> 00:51:30,596 But we need to come together. 906 00:51:31,670 --> 00:51:35,920 We need to embrace each other as brothers and sisters 907 00:51:37,650 --> 00:51:38,590 and we need 908 00:51:40,780 --> 00:51:44,690 to devote so much of our resources 909 00:51:45,560 --> 00:51:50,560 to educating our children and the parents of our children. 910 00:51:51,060 --> 00:51:56,060 Every child that is here today, every child born here 911 00:51:56,730 --> 00:51:59,200 and every child who is brought here 912 00:52:00,440 --> 00:52:02,430 is a precious asset 913 00:52:05,440 --> 00:52:10,440 and the wealth of our country is in the minds of our people. 914 00:52:10,780 --> 00:52:13,573 The other thing I want to say, and I'll 915 00:52:15,080 --> 00:52:19,520 probably get half the people in this room mad at me but 916 00:52:22,340 --> 00:52:25,030 I feel very good about the future 917 00:52:25,030 --> 00:52:27,983 of our country, and you know why? 918 00:52:29,260 --> 00:52:32,574 Because the women are gonna take over and run it. 919 00:52:32,574 --> 00:52:35,128 (audience applauds) 920 00:52:35,128 --> 00:52:36,295 - Good ending. 921 00:52:41,855 --> 00:52:45,188 (relaxed trumpet music)