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Downloaded from
YTS.MX

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[smooth jazz music playing]

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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX

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[Ilyasah] No matter which way you turn,
there is destiny.

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It was destiny that my father
and Cassius Clay would meet.

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Three short years
that they would spend in their lives,

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that destiny created for them…

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that was their blood brotherhood.

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We are no longer slaves.
White people no longer own us.

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Cassius destroyed that image
the other night

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when he knocked out Sonny Liston.

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[Howard Cosell] The heavyweight champion
is Cassius Clay!

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[Ilyasah] Malcolm came to this young man

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and he gave him the power that he needed

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to speak.

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[funky music plays]

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[inspirational blues music playing]

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[Rahman] Malcolm and Muhammad.

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They were very close…

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…literally as brothers.

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And I was there to witness it.

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[documentary interviewer] Did your brother
like being around Malcolm?

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Loved, loved, loved being around him.
I did too.

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He had that air about him.

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It was divine.

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The electricity
that came from his body was sacred.

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Only a few people like that in the world.

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[documentary interviewer] Why do you think
they stopped being friends?

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[Rahman] Well…

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"Destiny can take your best friend
as an instrument to cause you harm

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and your worst enemy to do you good."

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Right?

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Judas betrayed Jesus.

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Malcolm X betrayed Elijah Muhammad.

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"Destiny can take your best friend
as an instrument to do you harm

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and your worst enemy to do you good."

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[Malcolm] It is time for you and me
to stand up for ourselves.

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It is time for you and me
to see for ourselves.

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And it is time for you and me
to fight for ourselves.

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[Dr. West] You unloved.

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That's what it is to be Black
in a white-supremacist world.

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You are unloved, uncared for, untended to,

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and viewed less beautiful,
less moral, less intelligent,

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and you are told to always be scared.

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Malcolm X, Muhammad Ali…

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no way.

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Malcolm X and Muhammad Ali

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were the two most freest of Black men
in the 20th century.

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On the other hand, you know, there's a--

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There's a cross to bear.

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There's a tremendous cost
to being a free and loving person.

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[Muhammad] …twenty-two years old.
I must be the greatest!

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-I am the king of the world!
-[reporter] Hold it.

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-I'm pretty!
-[reporter] Not that pretty.

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[Muhammad] I'm a bad man!

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-[reporter] Wait--
-[Muhammad] I shook up the world!

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I shook up the world!

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It was unusual for a Black person

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to think of themself as quote, "pretty."

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[Muhammad] Champ of the world
should be pretty like me.

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I'm the king of the ring!

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[Dr. Boyd] Athletes were expected
to be humble.

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And then you had the Louisville Lip.

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Tenacity and dignity and, like, pride,

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and, "So what you don't like me? So what?"

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What do I act like I am to you?

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-A bad fella?
-[interviewer] I don't know.

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You're just--
Like you say, you're the greatest.

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And a lot of people,
even a lot of Black people,

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weren't comfortable with this.
They called him a loudmouth.

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I don't have to be what you want me to be.

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It was a moment of transition,

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and Ali really is at the forefront
of this transition, as is Malcolm.

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I'm free to be what I wanna be
and think what I wanna think.

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[interviewer] That's right.

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[Dr. Boyd] They're changing the way
the world saw… the Black man.

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How could so few white people

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rule so many Black people?

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[crowd cheering]

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Martin Luther King,
whose school of thought I come out of,

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spoke to who we must become.

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Malcolm spoke to who we were

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and who put us there.

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These homegrown Negro American Muslims

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are the most powerful
of the Black-supremacist groups.

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Mike Wallace had, of course, done this
television program about the Nation

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called The Hate That Hate Produced.

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Four or five times a year,
the Muslims assemble

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in one of America's major cities

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to hear their leader Elijah Muhammad,

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founder and spiritual leader of the group.

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The Christian religion has failed you.

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[crowd clamoring and applauding]

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But of even more interest
to New Yorkers is Malcolm X,

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the Muslims' New York minister.

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The Black man by nature is divine.

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[interviewer] Now, does this mean
that the white man by nature is evil?

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By nature, he is other than divine.

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This critique of whiteness
was very powerful,

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because prior to this time,

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you had to say
something like that in private.

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You certainly couldn't call
white people devils.

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Not out loud.

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By nature, he is evil.

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[Mike Wallace] He's a remarkable man,
a man who, by his own admission,

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was once a procurer and dope peddler.

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But now he's a changed man.
He will not smoke or drink.

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His life changed for him
when the Muslim faith

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taught him no longer to be ashamed
of being a Black man.

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[Herb] You know, you have what you call
a reference point.

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Malcolm's father was a solid reference.
Of course his mother too.

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Earl, his father, and Louise, his mother,

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were followers
of the Marcus Garvey movement.

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[Dr. Garvey]
My father's organization sought

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to link Africans,

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in Africa, in the Caribbean,
in the United States.

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My father felt that
instead of Africans being servile,

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they must become self-reliant.

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[Dr. West] There is no Malcolm X
without Garvey.

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Garvey used to say,

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"The Negro… is not afraid."

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[Herb] There's no more
significant influence you could have

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for a young Black boy,

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is to be in the company
of a father who is so well-versed

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and had the-- An audience in his hand,

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you know, as both a minister, a preacher,

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and a representative
of the whole Garvey movement.

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[man] Malcolm's father was
Malcolm's hero.

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But the problem was
there were white supremacists

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who wanted to silence Earl Little.

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[Dr. Smith] Malcolm's just
six years of age

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when his father is killed in 1931.

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[Ilyasah] It was horrific,
what they did to him.

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He was knocked over the head,

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dragged to the trolley track

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so that the oncoming train
would roll over him.

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[Herb] For the first five
or six years of his life,

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he had a kind of a first-hand opportunity

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to capture the majesty
of his father's voice.

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Over the years,
he would certainly return to those moments

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of the whole Garvey movement.

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Out of the organization
came people like Elijah Muhammad,

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who went on to form the Nation of Islam.

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Elijah Muhammad took what he had learned:

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the concept of having an economic base,

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the discipline,
and the militaristic attire,

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and put it in the religious setting
of the Black Muslims.

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[cool jazz music playing]

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[reporter] Long before the age of 21,

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Malcolm X ran away from school
and went to Harlem.

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And there, he ran numbers,
sold bootleg whiskey,

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procured business for prostitutes,
used and pushed dope.

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In the late '40s,
Malcolm X pulled a robbery in Boston,

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was caught, and sent to prison.

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[Mike Wallace] He served time for robbery

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in the Michigan and Massachusetts
state penitentiary.

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[Dr. West] Early on,
he had a kind of inquisitiveness.

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You know, like most restless folk,

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you can end up expressing it
in a gangster-like way.

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You're trying to conquer, be in control.

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[Herb] Inside the prison walls,
he's like a caged tiger,

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absorbing information,

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cultivating his intelligence, reading.

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That's his indoctrination.
That's the beginning.

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So once he's out in 1952,

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he goes back to Michigan,

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and he really involves himself
in the Nation.

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I'm real happy and thankful to Allah

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for the energy and for the spirit

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that he has put in Minister Malcolm.

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[crowd cheering]

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[Herb] And so much so, by 1954…

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he's the national spokesperson.

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My name is Rahman Ali.

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I'm proud and happy to say
I'm the only brother of Muhammad Ali.

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He's gone to paradise. The next time
I see my brother will be in heaven,

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and we'll be in heaven together.

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As small children growing up,
he always told me,

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"I'm gonna be the most famous man
in the whole world."

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As a small child, 10, 11, 12, 13…

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He did exactly what he said he would do.

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[cool jazz music playing]

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[Bob] The pink house right there
is Muhammad Ali.

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Cassius Clay, but we called him GG.

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We all went to the same elementary school,

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junior high school,
and senior high school.

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Central High School's
the only Black school

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in the city of Louisville.

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We didn't have none of the major amenities
the white schools had.

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They didn't put a track and football field
at Central High School

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until they integrated the school.

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[Gene] Cassius Clay Sr. was
Southern Baptist,

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Cassius Clay Jr. was Southern Baptist,
and they went to the church.

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He told me one time
he went down to Louisville,

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he went outside a little church.

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They were singing the same hymns
that they were singing in his church.

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"What a Friend We Have in Jesus."

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[choir singing]
♪ Jesus knows our every weakness… ♪

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And out comes the minister, said,
"Hey, boy, get out of here."

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He said, "Something's wrong."

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"They're singing the same hymns we are."

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"Now, why do I have to leave
'cause I'm Black?"

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[trumpet jazz music playing]

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[Bob] Segregation was outrageous.

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You went to the bus station,
it said "Colored section."

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You knew at the department stores
you couldn't try on clothes.

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They'll take your money,

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but you gotta buy
that suit and hope it fits.

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You ain't gonna put it on.

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Cassius Clay was born in 1942.

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[introspective piano music playing]

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[Randy] Emmett Till was born in 1941.

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[reporter] Money, Mississippi,

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a story that shocked
the entire United States.

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[Randy] The Emmett Till story

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was a searing event

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to the man
who's going to become Muhammad Ali.

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[reporter 2] Emmett Till, 14,
was kidnapped and killed

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allegedly for wolf whistling
at the wife of accused, Roy Bryant.

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Bryant and his half-brother J.W. Milam,
were acquitted by this jury.

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[Dr. Smith] He looked
at Emmett Till's mutilated face

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in the pages of Jet magazine.

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He's heard the horrific stories
from his father about the lynchings

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that continue to happen.

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My father was always
very sensitive to oppression.

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And his father taught him,
like any other Black man would do today,

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how to survive.

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And my grandmother would say,

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"This really bothered your father."

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He wanted to be great,

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but this is a darkness for a child.

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[blues music playing]

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[Shabazz-Allah] I met Malcolm
in Temple No. 7 Restaurant.

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When Malcolm came in, boy, he-- A giant.

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Malcolm, a giant.

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I shook his hand.

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The power of his hand, it felt like God.

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[Herb] I first met Malcolm in person

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in about 1959, 1960.

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He walked down the hallway
and shake everybody's hand.

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My cousin would say,
"Go ahead and ask him a question."

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I'd say, "No, no, no."
I was so terrified. [chuckles]

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[Shabazz-Allah]
On Sunday, at Temple No. 7,

244
00:15:47,196 --> 00:15:48,447
Malcolm taught

245
00:15:49,698 --> 00:15:54,411
two, three, four,
sometimes five hours nonstop.

246
00:15:54,912 --> 00:15:56,914
The man that kidnapped us
and brought us here.

247
00:15:56,997 --> 00:15:58,165
[crowd] Yeah.

248
00:15:58,248 --> 00:16:00,626
-Who made a slave out of us.
-[crowd] Yeah.

249
00:16:00,709 --> 00:16:03,003
-Who hung us on trees.
-[crowd] Right on.

250
00:16:03,087 --> 00:16:06,215
-I don't have to tell you which man.
-[crowd] That's right.

251
00:16:06,715 --> 00:16:10,386
[A. Peter] I had never heard anyone
talk about attacks on the mind

252
00:16:10,469 --> 00:16:12,596
with the clarity that he did.

253
00:16:13,472 --> 00:16:16,684
Movies and school textbooks,

254
00:16:17,643 --> 00:16:20,062
the television programs,

255
00:16:20,145 --> 00:16:25,275
all of this was constant
psychological attacks.

256
00:16:25,776 --> 00:16:27,236
Even calls us "boy."

257
00:16:27,319 --> 00:16:29,613
Don't care how big you get,
he calls you "boy."

258
00:16:29,697 --> 00:16:32,908
Malcolm made you believe you couldn't die.

259
00:16:32,992 --> 00:16:36,954
And when you're a young man
and you get a teaching like that,

260
00:16:37,538 --> 00:16:38,664
that's what you need.

261
00:16:41,792 --> 00:16:45,587
[reporter] Rome welcomes
the Summer Games of the XVII Olympiad.

262
00:16:49,008 --> 00:16:53,345
[Randy] In 1960,
Cassius Clay is 18 years old.

263
00:16:53,429 --> 00:16:55,639
He's young, he's wide-eyed,

264
00:16:55,723 --> 00:16:57,683
goes to the Rome Olympics.

265
00:16:57,766 --> 00:17:00,227
[reporter] Cassius Clay the winner
for the USA.

266
00:17:00,853 --> 00:17:05,232
And even then,
he had that jaw-dropping charisma.

267
00:17:06,275 --> 00:17:09,820
He becomes virtually the mayor
of the Olympic Village.

268
00:17:09,903 --> 00:17:12,114
[jazz music plays]

269
00:17:12,197 --> 00:17:14,116
First time I really saw him up close,

270
00:17:14,199 --> 00:17:16,827
he's sitting on the steps
in the Olympic Village…

271
00:17:18,412 --> 00:17:20,372
and he's raving. He's got the medal,

272
00:17:20,456 --> 00:17:23,125
and he's holding it up. "Look at me.
Look who I am, how pretty I--"

273
00:17:23,208 --> 00:17:25,210
"I'm gonna be the heavyweight
champion of the world."

274
00:17:25,294 --> 00:17:27,463
They don't understand
a freaking word he's saying.

275
00:17:27,546 --> 00:17:29,173
But I noticed something.

276
00:17:29,840 --> 00:17:32,176
Every time the athlete was a woman,

277
00:17:32,676 --> 00:17:35,012
they stopped and turned
and looked back at him.

278
00:17:35,679 --> 00:17:37,890
I said, "This is a guy
that's gonna have something."

279
00:17:37,973 --> 00:17:40,392
"I don't know what,
but it's gonna be something."

280
00:17:40,476 --> 00:17:42,770
Tell me how you came to get
such a Roman name as that.

281
00:17:42,853 --> 00:17:45,939
Well, as I understand,
I'm Cassius Marcellus Clay VI,

282
00:17:46,023 --> 00:17:49,026
and my great-great-grandfather
was a Kentucky slave,

283
00:17:49,109 --> 00:17:51,153
and he was named after
some great Kentuckian.

284
00:17:51,737 --> 00:17:53,197
Where he was from,

285
00:17:53,280 --> 00:17:55,616
or where it was all originated,
I couldn't tell you,

286
00:17:55,699 --> 00:17:58,035
but since I've reached
a little fame in boxing,

287
00:17:58,118 --> 00:18:00,162
most people want to know where am I from

288
00:18:00,245 --> 00:18:03,499
and where did I get that name,
but I haven't really checked on it.

289
00:18:04,083 --> 00:18:06,460
[percussion music playing]

290
00:18:09,379 --> 00:18:12,841
He could not be more proud
to represent America.

291
00:18:12,925 --> 00:18:14,301
This was his greatest honor.

292
00:18:17,096 --> 00:18:19,431
And one of the things
that he recognizes there,

293
00:18:20,766 --> 00:18:22,768
is that there's no Jim Crow signs.

294
00:18:26,897 --> 00:18:31,068
He enjoys a freedom of movement
he's never experienced before.

295
00:18:32,820 --> 00:18:34,655
This is not like Louisville, Kentucky.

296
00:18:39,201 --> 00:18:41,286
[Elijah] I represent to you,

297
00:18:42,412 --> 00:18:43,831
not a puppet.

298
00:18:44,373 --> 00:18:45,374
[man in crowd] Yes, sir.

299
00:18:45,457 --> 00:18:48,877
But I represent to you God in person.

300
00:18:48,961 --> 00:18:50,087
-In person.
-[crowd] Yes, sir!

301
00:18:50,170 --> 00:18:51,797
[crowd cheering] That's right!

302
00:18:57,094 --> 00:19:00,097
[Shabazz-Allah] In the most holy name
of Almighty God, Allah…

303
00:19:01,682 --> 00:19:03,976
the true and living God, the only God…

304
00:19:05,811 --> 00:19:08,480
we forever thank him
for his divine Messenger,

305
00:19:08,564 --> 00:19:12,442
and only Messenger,
the Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad.

306
00:19:13,026 --> 00:19:15,487
Why do you have any faith
in white people?

307
00:19:15,571 --> 00:19:17,698
-[crowd] That's right.
-Tell me that.

308
00:19:19,116 --> 00:19:22,744
The Messenger's program is a discipline

309
00:19:22,828 --> 00:19:25,581
that we all need and never had.

310
00:19:26,999 --> 00:19:28,041
No alcohol,

311
00:19:28,125 --> 00:19:30,878
no drugs, no tobacco,

312
00:19:31,879 --> 00:19:33,213
no pork.

313
00:19:35,048 --> 00:19:37,885
Neat, clean, organized.

314
00:19:39,136 --> 00:19:42,097
I'm Melchisedek Supreme Shabazz-Allah,

315
00:19:42,181 --> 00:19:45,893
known as the universal high priest
of the Nation of Islam

316
00:19:45,976 --> 00:19:48,228
on Earth and in the universe.

317
00:19:49,062 --> 00:19:51,023
I'm 84 years old.

318
00:19:51,106 --> 00:19:53,400
Very peaceful man.
You understand what I'm trying to say?

319
00:19:53,483 --> 00:19:55,319
But it's nothing for me
to take your lights out.

320
00:19:57,321 --> 00:19:58,906
'Cause you're trained that way.

321
00:20:00,032 --> 00:20:03,368
Very peaceful,
very respectful, never the aggressor,

322
00:20:03,994 --> 00:20:04,953
but deadly.

323
00:20:06,705 --> 00:20:10,626
The brother who you think
is humble, meek and ins-- And insecure,

324
00:20:11,210 --> 00:20:14,213
that brother is cold as ice

325
00:20:14,296 --> 00:20:16,215
when it comes to the teachings.

326
00:20:18,759 --> 00:20:20,636
You say we hate white people.

327
00:20:20,719 --> 00:20:22,054
We don't hate anybody.

328
00:20:22,596 --> 00:20:24,431
We love our own people so much,

329
00:20:24,514 --> 00:20:28,977
they think we hate the ones
who are inflicting injustice against them.

330
00:20:29,061 --> 00:20:29,937
[crowd applauds]

331
00:20:35,859 --> 00:20:38,779
[radio host] This is WHAS
in Louisville, Kentucky,

332
00:20:38,862 --> 00:20:41,198
and our guest tonight,
Louisville's Cassius Clay,

333
00:20:41,281 --> 00:20:43,617
the fourth-ranked
world heavyweight. Hello.

334
00:20:43,700 --> 00:20:48,413
[radio caller] Do you think that you are
as good a boxer as Joe Louis was?

335
00:20:48,497 --> 00:20:50,916
[Muhammad, on radio]
I'm not as good, but better.

336
00:20:50,999 --> 00:20:53,543
I'm more classier, I'm faster,

337
00:20:53,627 --> 00:20:55,254
and I talk more.

338
00:20:56,463 --> 00:20:59,132
[Randy] Who wins the gold medal
at the Rome Olympics.

339
00:20:59,925 --> 00:21:01,009
He's a hero.

340
00:21:02,970 --> 00:21:06,098
But when he gets back to Louisville,
he finds Louisville's the same.

341
00:21:07,975 --> 00:21:11,103
I just got in from Rome,
and I wanna turn professional.

342
00:21:11,186 --> 00:21:12,896
[Dr. Smith] The standard understanding

343
00:21:12,980 --> 00:21:15,941
is that Black athletes
will be deferential on civil rights.

344
00:21:16,024 --> 00:21:17,818
They will be seen and not heard.

345
00:21:17,901 --> 00:21:21,488
["We People Who Are Darker Than Blue"
by Curtis Mayfield plays]

346
00:21:23,573 --> 00:21:24,741
♪ We people ♪

347
00:21:25,617 --> 00:21:27,744
♪ Who are darker than blue ♪

348
00:21:29,788 --> 00:21:33,041
♪ Are we gonna stand around this town ♪

349
00:21:33,917 --> 00:21:36,545
♪ And let what others say come true?… ♪

350
00:21:37,337 --> 00:21:39,923
[Bob] He wins the Olympics,
and he's also overseas

351
00:21:40,007 --> 00:21:41,425
where things aren't segregated.

352
00:21:41,508 --> 00:21:43,427
He comes back home thinking
being the champion

353
00:21:43,510 --> 00:21:45,137
would change things, but it didn't.

354
00:21:45,721 --> 00:21:48,432
♪ This ain't to time for segregatin'… ♪

355
00:21:48,515 --> 00:21:50,851
[Dr. Smith] Cassius Clay goes
into a diner.

356
00:21:52,602 --> 00:21:56,398
A white man at the counter says,
"We don't serve your kind, boy."

357
00:21:57,024 --> 00:22:00,360
And there he is with his Olympic jacket
and his gold medal.

358
00:22:00,444 --> 00:22:01,486
He's humiliated.

359
00:22:02,821 --> 00:22:05,073
In that moment, he rejects America.

360
00:22:06,074 --> 00:22:07,743
He rips the medal off,

361
00:22:07,826 --> 00:22:09,619
tosses it into the river.

362
00:22:10,579 --> 00:22:12,039
♪ We people ♪

363
00:22:12,956 --> 00:22:15,083
♪ Who are darker than blue… ♪

364
00:22:17,377 --> 00:22:20,047
That disappointment, thinking,
"Okay, I've done this for America,

365
00:22:20,130 --> 00:22:23,008
I'm the champ, I'm everything,
but I'm still in a segregated world,"

366
00:22:24,885 --> 00:22:26,178
I think it got him.

367
00:22:26,261 --> 00:22:28,388
That woke us all up, to tell the truth.

368
00:22:29,639 --> 00:22:30,557
[music ends]

369
00:22:31,183 --> 00:22:34,186
I'm Gordon B. Davidson, attorney
for the Louisville Sponsoring Group,

370
00:22:34,269 --> 00:22:35,479
owner of Cassius Clay,

371
00:22:35,562 --> 00:22:38,482
and the hired hand to keep the group
and Cassius Clay together.

372
00:22:39,316 --> 00:22:45,280
[Randy] He's now of interest
to certain white residents of Louisville,

373
00:22:45,364 --> 00:22:47,699
who view him as a commodity.

374
00:22:47,783 --> 00:22:50,077
Okay? Something that can be marketed.

375
00:22:50,160 --> 00:22:52,329
I'm W.L. Lyons Brown,

376
00:22:52,412 --> 00:22:55,415
chairman of the board
of Brown-Forman Distillers Corporation.

377
00:22:56,333 --> 00:22:59,461
[Randy] A group
of very wealthy businessmen

378
00:23:00,212 --> 00:23:02,255
formed the Louisville Sponsoring Group

379
00:23:02,339 --> 00:23:05,258
to manage his boxing career.

380
00:23:05,342 --> 00:23:07,344
J.D. Stetson Coleman.

381
00:23:07,427 --> 00:23:09,304
I'm Worth Bingham, assistant publisher…

382
00:23:09,388 --> 00:23:11,723
[Robert] And he's controlled

383
00:23:11,807 --> 00:23:16,520
by these 11 rich Louisville guys.

384
00:23:16,603 --> 00:23:18,939
I'm one of the founders
of the group of Cassius Clay.

385
00:23:19,564 --> 00:23:23,235
[Robert] And talking to them,
you would kind of have a sense

386
00:23:23,318 --> 00:23:26,655
that they were talking about
one of their racehorses.

387
00:23:26,738 --> 00:23:29,074
"He was a really good boy."

388
00:23:37,541 --> 00:23:39,626
[Randy] Cassius goes to Miami

389
00:23:40,544 --> 00:23:42,504
to train under Angelo Dundee,

390
00:23:43,088 --> 00:23:45,674
one of the best trainers in the business.

391
00:23:50,303 --> 00:23:53,765
And then he met a man
by the name of Abdul Rahman,

392
00:23:54,349 --> 00:23:55,475
"Captain Sam."

393
00:23:57,269 --> 00:23:59,813
[Wali] My father was the captain
of the Miami mosque.

394
00:24:00,313 --> 00:24:04,067
This was the area of the mosque
at that particular time.

395
00:24:04,151 --> 00:24:07,696
He's out pushing
the Muhammad Speaks newspaper.

396
00:24:07,779 --> 00:24:11,158
He hears a guy
from across the street yell out,

397
00:24:11,950 --> 00:24:13,994
"Why are we called Negroes?"

398
00:24:14,911 --> 00:24:17,497
"Why are we deaf, dumb and blind?"

399
00:24:18,331 --> 00:24:22,043
"Why is everybody making progress,
and we're so far behind?"

400
00:24:22,586 --> 00:24:25,797
My dad said, "Hey, man,
I see you hip to the teachings."

401
00:24:26,631 --> 00:24:28,800
"Yeah, man. I'm Cassius Clay."

402
00:24:28,884 --> 00:24:31,636
Right away,
they had an automatic chemistry.

403
00:24:32,971 --> 00:24:34,890
[Randy] There's no sense

404
00:24:34,973 --> 00:24:36,933
for most of America

405
00:24:37,017 --> 00:24:39,019
that Cassius Clay has a secret.

406
00:24:39,853 --> 00:24:42,147
That he's leading a double life.

407
00:24:48,528 --> 00:24:49,613
[Dr. Smith] In 1959,

408
00:24:49,696 --> 00:24:53,742
Cassius Clay is in Chicago
for an amateur boxing exhibition.

409
00:24:54,326 --> 00:24:55,911
He had free time, he's out on the street,

410
00:24:55,994 --> 00:24:57,996
and he sees members
of the Nation of Islam.

411
00:25:01,500 --> 00:25:03,710
And one of them hands him a record.

412
00:25:04,419 --> 00:25:05,712
"A White Man's Heaven…"

413
00:25:05,795 --> 00:25:07,631
[Dr. Boyd] "…Is a Black Man's Hell"

414
00:25:07,714 --> 00:25:11,009
by Louis X,
eventually known as Louis Farrakhan,

415
00:25:11,092 --> 00:25:13,762
at one time known
as Calypso Gene the Charmer.

416
00:25:13,845 --> 00:25:17,349
[Louis Farrakhan singing]
♪ Before we came to America ♪

417
00:25:17,432 --> 00:25:19,434
♪ We were living in the East ♪

418
00:25:19,976 --> 00:25:23,021
♪ By the Nile River
We were living… ♪

419
00:25:23,104 --> 00:25:25,398
[Dr. Smith] So Cassius takes this record
back to Louisville,

420
00:25:25,482 --> 00:25:28,193
and he plays it
over and over and over again.

421
00:25:28,276 --> 00:25:31,863
♪ So, my friend, it's easy to tell ♪

422
00:25:31,947 --> 00:25:35,992
♪ White man heaven is Black man hell ♪

423
00:25:40,497 --> 00:25:42,499
[cool jazz music playing]

424
00:25:45,293 --> 00:25:48,129
[Jerry] When he was training
at the 5th St. Gym in Miami,

425
00:25:48,672 --> 00:25:51,800
I saw some changing faces in the camp.

426
00:25:52,801 --> 00:25:57,222
Sam Saxon, Captain Sam, is with him.

427
00:25:57,305 --> 00:25:59,975
And as far as Angelo Dundee knows,

428
00:26:00,058 --> 00:26:02,811
he's a boyhood pal
who he lets hang around the gym.

429
00:26:02,894 --> 00:26:05,522
I just got through
with the Henry Cooper fight.

430
00:26:05,605 --> 00:26:07,524
[Wali] Every day, they would get together.

431
00:26:08,024 --> 00:26:13,655
He would teach Cassius Clay about Islam,
and, you know, bring the teachings to him.

432
00:26:16,533 --> 00:26:21,329
[Zaheer] The Nation of Islam began
to provide Clay

433
00:26:21,997 --> 00:26:25,834
a whole language of Black excellence

434
00:26:25,917 --> 00:26:28,587
and Black supreme achievement.

435
00:26:30,422 --> 00:26:33,925
[Randy] Captain Sam starts
to mentor Cassius Clay…

436
00:26:34,718 --> 00:26:36,428
That is what I'm teaching.

437
00:26:36,511 --> 00:26:39,848
[Randy] …in the career
of the Honorable Elijah Muhammad…

438
00:26:40,599 --> 00:26:42,434
And these Negro leaders…

439
00:26:42,517 --> 00:26:46,271
[Randy] …in the emerging supernova
of Malcolm X.

440
00:26:46,771 --> 00:26:50,275
Cassius becomes closer
to the Nation of Islam.

441
00:26:51,318 --> 00:26:53,153
He doesn't join the Nation,

442
00:26:53,778 --> 00:26:55,280
but he's interested.

443
00:26:58,450 --> 00:27:01,119
[documentary interviewer] You think
your brother could've become the greatest

444
00:27:01,202 --> 00:27:02,412
without his faith?

445
00:27:03,204 --> 00:27:04,080
No, sir.

446
00:27:04,164 --> 00:27:07,334
The faith of Islam gave--
Gave-- Gave-- Gave us confidence.

447
00:27:07,959 --> 00:27:09,919
G-- God-- Oh, my God is decent,

448
00:27:10,003 --> 00:27:12,839
God is powerful, God is ri-- Righteous.

449
00:27:12,922 --> 00:27:16,092
Elijah Muhammad, Malcolm X
gave us confidence to be great.

450
00:27:20,055 --> 00:27:25,477
[Randy] In June, Cassius and his brother,
they were in their home in Louisville,

451
00:27:26,394 --> 00:27:28,355
and they got a call from Captain Sam.

452
00:27:29,397 --> 00:27:33,193
The Nation of Islam
was holding a big rally in Detroit.

453
00:27:33,693 --> 00:27:36,363
Cassius and Rudy
could not be more excited.

454
00:27:36,446 --> 00:27:38,698
They've never seen
the Messenger in person.

455
00:27:38,782 --> 00:27:41,493
Captain Sam drives
from Miami to Louisville,

456
00:27:41,576 --> 00:27:44,287
picks up the Clay brothers,
and they go to Detroit.

457
00:27:45,163 --> 00:27:49,459
But before they go into Olympia Stadium,
Sam takes them into a diner,

458
00:27:50,001 --> 00:27:54,214
and in that diner is Malcolm X.

459
00:27:57,175 --> 00:28:00,970
[Randy] There's Malcolm X,
sitting at a table

460
00:28:01,054 --> 00:28:04,265
like he would always sit at a table,
facing the door.

461
00:28:04,349 --> 00:28:07,644
You know, almost like
kind of an Old West cowboy movie.

462
00:28:09,688 --> 00:28:12,065
Around Malcolm's table are guards.

463
00:28:13,066 --> 00:28:14,567
Cassius is starstruck.

464
00:28:18,446 --> 00:28:20,490
Rarely is Cassius starstruck.

465
00:28:21,199 --> 00:28:24,369
[Ilyasah] "He acted as if
I was supposed to know who he was."

466
00:28:25,245 --> 00:28:26,955
"I had never even heard of him."

467
00:28:27,539 --> 00:28:30,291
"Ours were two entirely different worlds."

468
00:28:31,042 --> 00:28:35,088
"In fact, Elijah Muhammad
instructed us Muslims

469
00:28:35,171 --> 00:28:37,716
against all forms of sports."

470
00:28:39,008 --> 00:28:42,137
That's funny.
My father didn't know who he was,

471
00:28:42,220 --> 00:28:47,434
but he just went along with,
you know, that sense of importance.

472
00:28:48,059 --> 00:28:50,770
"If this man thinks he is famous,

473
00:28:51,354 --> 00:28:52,814
then I'm gonna go along with him."

474
00:28:52,897 --> 00:28:55,734
"Of course I know you, you're great."
[laughs]

475
00:28:58,611 --> 00:29:00,238
[Rahman] Malcolm X was a genius.

476
00:29:01,740 --> 00:29:05,160
He spoke the truth about how Black folks
were mistreated in America.

477
00:29:06,161 --> 00:29:07,746
It wasn't hate, it was truth.

478
00:29:07,829 --> 00:29:09,748
[people clamoring]

479
00:29:09,831 --> 00:29:12,959
[Dr. Smith] Rudy and Cassius,
they go into Olympia Stadium.

480
00:29:13,710 --> 00:29:15,044
And what do they see?

481
00:29:17,255 --> 00:29:19,883
They see an army of Black men.

482
00:29:19,966 --> 00:29:21,301
Proud Black men,

483
00:29:21,384 --> 00:29:24,137
dressed in black suits, bow ties,

484
00:29:24,220 --> 00:29:27,056
and there's a sense of order,
there's a sense of discipline.

485
00:29:27,140 --> 00:29:30,977
[Elijah] Before the white man,
we had great civilizations

486
00:29:31,060 --> 00:29:35,398
just as powerful than what
the white man has put on the Earth.

487
00:29:35,982 --> 00:29:40,320
And the message that Cassius
hears that day is separation or death.

488
00:29:41,237 --> 00:29:44,491
-[Elijah] Separation or death.
-[crowd applauds, cheers]

489
00:29:44,574 --> 00:29:48,369
[Elijah] We don't want no integration.
We want separation.

490
00:29:48,453 --> 00:29:50,163
[crowd cheers]

491
00:29:50,246 --> 00:29:54,209
[Elijah] We don't nothing but the freedom

492
00:29:55,001 --> 00:29:58,254
to own some of this Earth
that we can call our own.

493
00:29:58,338 --> 00:30:01,132
[audience cheers and applauds]

494
00:30:01,216 --> 00:30:04,344
This analysis of the white man
being the devil

495
00:30:04,427 --> 00:30:07,597
was really attractive to people

496
00:30:07,680 --> 00:30:11,309
who had experienced hell
at the hands of white people.

497
00:30:11,392 --> 00:30:15,688
And what good is Christianity to you and I

498
00:30:16,481 --> 00:30:23,321
if the religion will not defend us
against lynchers?

499
00:30:23,404 --> 00:30:24,239
[crowd] Right.

500
00:30:25,907 --> 00:30:28,368
They say they are followers of Jesus.

501
00:30:28,952 --> 00:30:30,703
They're followers of the devil.

502
00:30:30,787 --> 00:30:34,916
[crowd cheers and applauds]

503
00:30:39,629 --> 00:30:42,382
[Ilyasah] "Now and then,
I heard how Cassius

504
00:30:42,465 --> 00:30:46,928
showed up in Muslim mosques
and restaurants in various cities."

505
00:30:48,179 --> 00:30:52,392
"And if I happened to be speaking
anywhere within reasonable distance

506
00:30:52,475 --> 00:30:56,145
of wherever Cassius was,
he would be present."

507
00:30:59,440 --> 00:31:01,442
[car motor revving]

508
00:31:09,659 --> 00:31:11,995
[Dr. Smith] In March of 1963,

509
00:31:13,413 --> 00:31:17,125
Cassius is in New York
for the fight against Doug Jones.

510
00:31:17,208 --> 00:31:18,877
[upbeat blues music playing]

511
00:31:19,460 --> 00:31:20,587
[Dr. Smith] Who's there?

512
00:31:22,005 --> 00:31:24,674
Malcolm has taken a special interest

513
00:31:24,757 --> 00:31:26,718
in this young heavyweight.

514
00:31:26,801 --> 00:31:30,388
[boxing commentator] Clay,
winner by unanimous decision.

515
00:31:31,556 --> 00:31:35,852
[Dr. Smith] The next day,
Cassius Clay is seen out in public

516
00:31:35,935 --> 00:31:39,522
wearing the dark suit,
the white shirt, the black bow tie.

517
00:31:40,523 --> 00:31:43,109
Then he gives an interview
to the New York Post.

518
00:31:43,985 --> 00:31:47,780
He was asked about
why he didn't join civil rights marches.

519
00:31:49,282 --> 00:31:51,868
He says that,
"I don't believe in non-violence."

520
00:31:52,535 --> 00:31:55,705
And that, "I believe in an eye for an eye
and a tooth for a tooth."

521
00:31:56,581 --> 00:31:58,166
It's very clear what happened.

522
00:31:58,750 --> 00:31:59,959
He's in Harlem.

523
00:32:00,543 --> 00:32:02,253
He was spending time with Malcolm.

524
00:32:03,212 --> 00:32:07,675
Malcolm brought Muhammad Ali to the temple
and introduced Muhammad Ali to us.

525
00:32:07,759 --> 00:32:12,513
They had this kind
of student-teacher relationship.

526
00:32:14,390 --> 00:32:15,975
[Herb] Their age difference…

527
00:32:16,059 --> 00:32:19,145
22-year-old Adonis,

528
00:32:19,228 --> 00:32:21,648
and here's-- Here's Malcolm coming in,

529
00:32:21,731 --> 00:32:23,650
a little bit older.

530
00:32:23,733 --> 00:32:25,610
An understanding of the world

531
00:32:25,693 --> 00:32:28,613
that's gonna be important to--
To Muhammad Ali.

532
00:32:28,696 --> 00:32:31,115
You can't be around Malcolm and not learn.

533
00:32:31,699 --> 00:32:33,368
Malcolm shared the wisdom.

534
00:32:33,451 --> 00:32:35,912
-[protesters shouting]
-[policeman shouting]

535
00:32:35,995 --> 00:32:37,622
-[women screaming]
-[dog barking]

536
00:32:38,456 --> 00:32:41,334
[Malcolm] If the government
can't defend us, what should we do?

537
00:32:41,834 --> 00:32:43,544
Go find out who bombed the church

538
00:32:43,628 --> 00:32:45,630
in Birmingham, Alabama.

539
00:32:47,757 --> 00:32:51,427
If they can't find out,
then let us go find out.

540
00:32:51,511 --> 00:32:52,428
And when we find--

541
00:32:52,512 --> 00:32:54,806
-[crowd applauds]
-I don't wanna hear that.

542
00:32:54,889 --> 00:32:57,350
And when we find out who it was

543
00:32:57,433 --> 00:33:00,603
who murdered our little female babies,

544
00:33:00,687 --> 00:33:02,271
then the law of justice

545
00:33:02,355 --> 00:33:05,191
is that a murderer should be murdered.

546
00:33:05,274 --> 00:33:07,276
When Cassius Clay meets Malcolm X,

547
00:33:08,111 --> 00:33:12,156
he has no idea Malcolm is moving
in a new political direction.

548
00:33:12,824 --> 00:33:15,952
Malcolm believes
the Nation of Islam has the potential

549
00:33:16,035 --> 00:33:19,580
to make a much bigger difference
if it joins the front lines.

550
00:33:19,664 --> 00:33:22,375
Don't you be fooled
by these Uncle Tom Negro preachers.

551
00:33:22,458 --> 00:33:25,420
When a dog attacks you, you get that dog,

552
00:33:25,503 --> 00:33:27,672
two-legged dog or four-legged dog.

553
00:33:28,172 --> 00:33:30,299
He did not advocate violence,

554
00:33:30,383 --> 00:33:32,427
he advocated self-defense.

555
00:33:34,178 --> 00:33:36,639
[Dr. Boyd] We're not trying
to start anything. Don't start no shit,

556
00:33:36,723 --> 00:33:38,141
won't be none started.

557
00:33:38,808 --> 00:33:42,270
But if you come for us,
be prepared to fight,

558
00:33:42,353 --> 00:33:46,482
because we're not embracing
this Martin Luther King philosophy.

559
00:33:48,234 --> 00:33:50,778
[Dr. Smith] But Elijah has told him
to stand down.

560
00:33:53,281 --> 00:33:56,617
In a number of Elijah's letters
to Malcolm, he reminds him,

561
00:33:57,535 --> 00:34:01,080
"Do not say anything
that you have not heard me say."

562
00:34:02,915 --> 00:34:04,751
Elijah said,

563
00:34:04,834 --> 00:34:08,504
"The judgment of white America
will come at the hands of God."

564
00:34:09,797 --> 00:34:13,676
For Malcolm, this did not align

565
00:34:13,760 --> 00:34:17,388
with his desire to see justice
more immediately.

566
00:34:17,472 --> 00:34:21,100
[Malcolm] As long as this so-called
civil rights struggle is led--

567
00:34:21,184 --> 00:34:23,519
And when I say "led,"
I use "led" in quotes.

568
00:34:23,603 --> 00:34:27,607
Actually contained
by Uncle Tom Negro leaders,

569
00:34:27,690 --> 00:34:29,776
then the white power structure
isn't worried at all.

570
00:34:29,859 --> 00:34:32,236
They only worry when they know
that the masses of Black people

571
00:34:32,320 --> 00:34:33,488
are ready to explode.

572
00:34:33,571 --> 00:34:34,489
And in exploding,

573
00:34:34,572 --> 00:34:37,075
it will destroy some of the furniture
in their house.

574
00:34:37,658 --> 00:34:39,786
[Maryum] My father loved his fearlessness.

575
00:34:40,369 --> 00:34:43,623
And he did pattern
a lot of his presentation

576
00:34:43,706 --> 00:34:45,666
based on how Malcolm presented himself.

577
00:34:48,086 --> 00:34:54,717
You start to see
some of the early developing tension

578
00:34:55,843 --> 00:34:58,888
between the Honorable Elijah Muhammad
and Malcolm X.

579
00:34:59,388 --> 00:35:02,892
Elijah Muhammad was not charismatic

580
00:35:02,975 --> 00:35:05,103
in the way that Malcolm was charismatic.

581
00:35:05,186 --> 00:35:06,479
Because you don't like the idea

582
00:35:06,562 --> 00:35:08,940
of white people
shooting Black people down, do you?

583
00:35:09,023 --> 00:35:09,857
[crowd cheers] No!

584
00:35:09,941 --> 00:35:12,068
And you're ready
to do something about it, aren't you?

585
00:35:12,151 --> 00:35:13,820
-[crowd cheers]
-We know you are.

586
00:35:13,903 --> 00:35:17,573
[Zaheer] The rank and file
of the Nation of Islam loved Malcolm.

587
00:35:17,657 --> 00:35:19,325
For many people,

588
00:35:19,408 --> 00:35:23,913
he was their most direct
experience and encounter

589
00:35:23,996 --> 00:35:25,832
with the teachings of Elijah Muhammad.

590
00:35:26,958 --> 00:35:30,795
[Dr. Boyd] Once Malcolm began
to pursue things like an intellectual,

591
00:35:31,546 --> 00:35:33,756
I think he reached a point
where his interest

592
00:35:33,840 --> 00:35:36,926
and the interest of the Nation diverged.

593
00:35:38,719 --> 00:35:42,098
And, of course,
this leads to more tension, more conflict.

594
00:35:45,852 --> 00:35:47,061
[Ilyasah] "I liked him."

595
00:35:47,562 --> 00:35:50,439
"Some contagious quality about him

596
00:35:50,523 --> 00:35:54,318
made him one of the very few people
I ever invited to my home."

597
00:35:57,572 --> 00:35:58,781
[Randy] They would talk.

598
00:35:58,865 --> 00:36:00,867
They probably talked on the phone,

599
00:36:00,950 --> 00:36:02,952
but it's all secretive.

600
00:36:03,452 --> 00:36:05,705
But the Louisville Sponsoring Group

601
00:36:05,788 --> 00:36:07,915
were starting to pick up
what was going on.

602
00:36:07,999 --> 00:36:10,501
They began to realize

603
00:36:10,585 --> 00:36:14,088
that Cassius
was affiliated with the Muslims.

604
00:36:14,172 --> 00:36:16,549
They began to step back.

605
00:36:17,842 --> 00:36:20,178
And suddenly, in Cassius Clay's rhetoric,

606
00:36:20,261 --> 00:36:24,015
we start to hear the echo of Malcolm X.

607
00:36:24,098 --> 00:36:26,100
[jazz music playing]

608
00:36:27,476 --> 00:36:30,646
[Dr. Smith] July, 1963, Chicago.

609
00:36:31,230 --> 00:36:34,025
Bruce Hills,
a reporter for the Chicago Sun-Times,

610
00:36:34,108 --> 00:36:36,694
is camped outside
of the University of Islam,

611
00:36:36,777 --> 00:36:38,905
which is the Nation of Islam's school.

612
00:36:39,822 --> 00:36:43,618
Somehow, he learns
that there's a tomato-red Cadillac

613
00:36:43,701 --> 00:36:45,953
parked behind the University of Islam.

614
00:36:47,038 --> 00:36:50,541
Cassius and Rudy
and a few others come out.

615
00:36:51,292 --> 00:36:54,420
[Dr. Smith] Bruce Hills gets excited.
His eyes light up,

616
00:36:55,213 --> 00:36:57,465
and he starts following Cassius' car.

617
00:36:58,758 --> 00:37:01,302
Bruce gets Cassius
to roll down the window.

618
00:37:02,720 --> 00:37:06,307
[Randy] And he sees Cassius
has a star and crescent pin on.

619
00:37:06,390 --> 00:37:08,809
"What's going on?
Are you a member of the Nation of Islam?"

620
00:37:09,644 --> 00:37:11,562
[Dr. Smith] And at first,
Cassius Clay says, "No."

621
00:37:11,646 --> 00:37:14,232
-And then he says…
-[Randy] "Well, so what if I am?"

622
00:37:15,441 --> 00:37:17,109
"It's a great organization."

623
00:37:17,985 --> 00:37:23,324
And it continues until Rudy turns
onto the freeway out of Chicago.

624
00:37:26,410 --> 00:37:28,996
[Dr. Smith] Now,
the story published by Bruce Hills,

625
00:37:29,080 --> 00:37:32,708
it doesn't quite
gain momentum yet in the press.

626
00:37:34,001 --> 00:37:38,673
But it's obvious that he has
a relationship with the Nation of Islam.

627
00:37:39,757 --> 00:37:45,554
The fact that Cassius Clay
was somehow connected to this group

628
00:37:45,638 --> 00:37:47,390
made a lot of white people nervous.

629
00:37:48,182 --> 00:37:51,519
[reporter] And the FBI says the movement
is a potential threat

630
00:37:51,602 --> 00:37:54,438
to the internal security
of the United States.

631
00:37:57,024 --> 00:37:59,902
[Dr. Smith] J. Edgar Hoover
was the director of the FBI,

632
00:37:59,986 --> 00:38:02,530
working for the Kennedy administration.

633
00:38:04,240 --> 00:38:09,161
Hoover and the FBI carried out
a counterintelligence program

634
00:38:09,245 --> 00:38:12,957
designed to cut the legs out
from Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X.

635
00:38:15,751 --> 00:38:17,878
[Zaheer] Not just passive surveillance,

636
00:38:17,962 --> 00:38:20,423
but active infiltration

637
00:38:20,923 --> 00:38:24,093
designed to undermine the impact

638
00:38:24,176 --> 00:38:26,053
that the Nation of Islam was having,

639
00:38:26,137 --> 00:38:28,973
to neutralize the impact
that Malcolm was having.

640
00:38:29,849 --> 00:38:32,226
[Elijah] Every day now, they are planning

641
00:38:32,310 --> 00:38:34,937
how to stop Elijah and his followers.

642
00:38:35,021 --> 00:38:37,815
-[crowd exclaims]
-But I say, I think you a little late.

643
00:38:37,898 --> 00:38:39,900
[crowd cheers and applauds]

644
00:38:42,987 --> 00:38:45,531
[President Kennedy] We are confronted
primarily with a moral issue.

645
00:38:46,324 --> 00:38:48,242
It is as old as the Scriptures

646
00:38:48,326 --> 00:38:51,162
and is as clear
as the American Constitution.

647
00:38:51,871 --> 00:38:53,539
The heart of the question is,

648
00:38:54,040 --> 00:38:57,168
whether all Americans
are to be afforded equal rights

649
00:38:57,668 --> 00:38:59,086
and equal opportunities.

650
00:39:00,046 --> 00:39:02,548
Whether we are going to treat
our fellow Americans

651
00:39:02,631 --> 00:39:03,883
as we want to be treated.

652
00:39:04,842 --> 00:39:06,844
[somber music playing]

653
00:39:09,680 --> 00:39:13,100
[reporter 1] From Dallas, Texas,
the flash, apparently official,

654
00:39:13,184 --> 00:39:18,564
President Kennedy died
at 1 p.m. Central Standard Time.

655
00:39:28,324 --> 00:39:31,702
[reporter 2] Down this avenue of sadness,
they bring President John F. Kennedy,

656
00:39:31,786 --> 00:39:32,912
martyred hero,

657
00:39:32,995 --> 00:39:35,748
to lie in state
under the great dome of the Capitol.

658
00:39:36,916 --> 00:39:39,085
[John] When Kennedy died,

659
00:39:39,168 --> 00:39:43,964
Elijah Muhammad instructed all the temples

660
00:39:45,424 --> 00:39:50,888
to leave it to him to express
the feelings of the Nation

661
00:39:50,971 --> 00:39:52,681
about the death of the president.

662
00:39:53,265 --> 00:39:55,393
[reporter 3] Elijah Muhammad,
from his home in Phoenix,

663
00:39:55,476 --> 00:39:56,560
telephoned the newspaper

664
00:39:56,644 --> 00:39:59,355
ordering that a statement
be placed on page one.

665
00:39:59,438 --> 00:40:00,731
The statement reads,

666
00:40:00,815 --> 00:40:05,694
"We with the world are very shocked
at the assassination of our President."

667
00:40:07,029 --> 00:40:09,365
[Shabazz-Allah] I have to respect
what the Messenger said.

668
00:40:09,448 --> 00:40:10,866
No statement should be made.

669
00:40:12,118 --> 00:40:13,369
I-- I got that.

670
00:40:14,078 --> 00:40:16,914
For me, if you teaching
the white man is the devil…

671
00:40:16,997 --> 00:40:17,873
[chuckles]

672
00:40:17,957 --> 00:40:19,291
…who the hell is Kennedy?

673
00:40:19,875 --> 00:40:22,253
Far as I'm concerned,
he didn't do a damn thing for me.

674
00:40:22,336 --> 00:40:25,005
[chuckling] I mean, I still got--

675
00:40:25,089 --> 00:40:27,967
I still got to provide for myself.
He ain't put no money in my pocket.

676
00:40:28,551 --> 00:40:31,387
But I have to go with my father,
the Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad.

677
00:40:31,470 --> 00:40:33,931
He did make it plain,
don't make no statements.

678
00:40:35,599 --> 00:40:40,187
[John] In spite of
the Messenger's instructions,

679
00:40:40,896 --> 00:40:42,231
Malcolm spoke.

680
00:40:44,525 --> 00:40:47,236
Malcolm X, second in command
of the Black Muslim movement,

681
00:40:47,319 --> 00:40:50,030
expressed joy at the assassination
of President Kennedy

682
00:40:50,114 --> 00:40:51,949
at a Manhattan rally last Sunday.

683
00:40:52,032 --> 00:40:53,826
Malcolm said that
the killing of the President

684
00:40:53,909 --> 00:40:56,620
was an instance
of "the chickens coming home to roost."

685
00:40:56,704 --> 00:40:58,080
He added, and we quote,

686
00:40:58,164 --> 00:41:00,082
"Being an old farm boy myself,

687
00:41:00,166 --> 00:41:02,710
chickens coming home to roost
never make me sad,

688
00:41:02,793 --> 00:41:04,670
they always make me glad."

689
00:41:04,753 --> 00:41:06,464
In Chicago today, Elijah Muhammad,

690
00:41:06,547 --> 00:41:08,549
the leader of the anti-white
Muslim movement,

691
00:41:08,632 --> 00:41:12,011
suspended Malcolm X
and disavowed his statement.

692
00:41:12,511 --> 00:41:16,765
It gave Elijah Muhammad
a socially acceptable excuse

693
00:41:17,475 --> 00:41:19,852
for silencing Malcolm.

694
00:41:23,063 --> 00:41:24,773
[Dr. Smith] He's not allowed to preach,

695
00:41:24,857 --> 00:41:28,027
he's not allowed to appear
at his mosque in Harlem.

696
00:41:28,110 --> 00:41:30,488
And in fact, the members of that mosque

697
00:41:30,571 --> 00:41:32,364
are not allowed
to be associated with Malcolm.

698
00:41:36,327 --> 00:41:38,746
[Peter] This was a big breach in his life.

699
00:41:40,581 --> 00:41:45,211
He regarded Elijah Muhammad
as his personal savior.

700
00:41:45,794 --> 00:41:47,755
The Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad.

701
00:41:48,297 --> 00:41:49,757
[crowd cheering]

702
00:41:49,840 --> 00:41:55,179
[Peter] His feelings
were unquestionably deep, devout.

703
00:41:55,262 --> 00:41:59,016
[Malcolm] I want to apologize to you
for having let you down,

704
00:41:59,600 --> 00:42:02,811
for the mistakes that I've made,
especially during the past year.

705
00:42:04,772 --> 00:42:07,024
And above all else, I am praying to Allah

706
00:42:07,107 --> 00:42:09,735
for mercy and forgiveness in your heart.

707
00:42:11,612 --> 00:42:17,159
He is torn here between this idea
that Elijah Muhammad is like his father,

708
00:42:17,243 --> 00:42:21,413
and the fact that his father
has got his hand around Malcolm's throat.

709
00:42:24,208 --> 00:42:27,878
This growing rift
was going to be a big problem

710
00:42:27,962 --> 00:42:30,256
for, among other people, Muhammad Ali.

711
00:42:33,634 --> 00:42:35,553
[Muhammad] If Sonny Liston whups me,

712
00:42:36,470 --> 00:42:38,889
I'll kiss his feet in the rain,

713
00:42:39,890 --> 00:42:43,686
tell him he's the greatest,
and catch the next jet out of the country!

714
00:42:43,769 --> 00:42:46,021
That's what I think about Sonny Liston!

715
00:42:46,105 --> 00:42:51,068
[Dr. Boyd] You have,
in Liston and Ali, a thug on one side

716
00:42:51,569 --> 00:42:53,112
and a loudmouth on the other side.

717
00:42:53,195 --> 00:42:55,364
You can look at me,
I'm loaded with confidence!

718
00:42:55,447 --> 00:42:56,448
I can't be beat!

719
00:42:56,532 --> 00:42:59,201
I had 180 amateur fights,
22 professional fights,

720
00:42:59,285 --> 00:43:00,578
and I'm pretty as a girl!

721
00:43:00,661 --> 00:43:01,912
[crowd laughs]

722
00:43:03,247 --> 00:43:05,291
People were scared to death of Liston.

723
00:43:07,293 --> 00:43:11,255
Sonny Liston was a boxer
who came out of the penitentiary,

724
00:43:12,631 --> 00:43:16,802
who worked for organized crime
as a leg-breaker.

725
00:43:17,970 --> 00:43:21,140
You owed some money,
you'd get a visit from Sonny.

726
00:43:21,890 --> 00:43:23,892
He'll fall in eight
to prove that I'm great.

727
00:43:23,976 --> 00:43:26,854
And if he keeps talking jive,
I'm gonna cut it to five.

728
00:43:28,314 --> 00:43:31,150
[Zaheer] Cassius, because of
what he was focused on,

729
00:43:31,233 --> 00:43:33,277
training for that major fight,

730
00:43:33,360 --> 00:43:37,364
I don't think he was attuned
to all of the internal dynamics

731
00:43:37,448 --> 00:43:38,741
in the Nation of Islam.

732
00:43:41,577 --> 00:43:45,706
[Dr. Smith] On January 15th, 1964,
Malcolm, he's gonna head south.

733
00:43:45,789 --> 00:43:49,418
He's going to Miami with his family
to visit Cassius Clay.

734
00:43:50,628 --> 00:43:52,838
So, in advance of the trip,
he calls Cassius,

735
00:43:52,921 --> 00:43:54,131
and Cassius responds, "Great."

736
00:43:54,214 --> 00:43:56,508
He's enthusiastic,
he's excited to see him.

737
00:43:56,592 --> 00:43:59,428
We know this call took place
between Malcolm and Cassius,

738
00:43:59,511 --> 00:44:01,263
because a New York FBI agent

739
00:44:01,347 --> 00:44:04,516
immediately called
the field office in Miami

740
00:44:04,600 --> 00:44:06,310
and provided a directive.

741
00:44:06,393 --> 00:44:09,104
"Malcolm is arriving
on this specific flight."

742
00:44:09,688 --> 00:44:12,024
"Cassius Clay is going to be there."

743
00:44:12,107 --> 00:44:14,652
"Make sure you tail their car."

744
00:44:18,530 --> 00:44:20,824
[Ilyasah] Miami was the only place

745
00:44:20,908 --> 00:44:24,244
where we had gone
as a family together on vacation

746
00:44:24,912 --> 00:44:27,581
and to be in someone else's home.

747
00:44:31,210 --> 00:44:33,712
That family photo of my mother

748
00:44:33,796 --> 00:44:37,383
and my two elder sisters,
Attallah and Qubilah,

749
00:44:37,966 --> 00:44:39,968
and I'm sitting on Muhammad Ali's lap.

750
00:44:42,304 --> 00:44:46,433
For my father to take his wife
and his babies

751
00:44:47,184 --> 00:44:48,352
and go to his home,

752
00:44:49,436 --> 00:44:52,815
it meant that my father trusted him 100%.

753
00:44:54,358 --> 00:44:57,820
My dad considered him to be a friend.
He considered him to be family, really.

754
00:44:57,903 --> 00:45:02,449
And Malcolm was one of those few people
that he met that he could trust.

755
00:45:05,911 --> 00:45:08,414
[Zaheer] Malcolm was in need of allies.

756
00:45:08,497 --> 00:45:11,291
He'd become isolated in the movement.

757
00:45:12,334 --> 00:45:14,628
Cassius could be the big fish.

758
00:45:14,712 --> 00:45:18,507
I think that is very possibly
part of Malcolm's calculation.

759
00:45:19,633 --> 00:45:23,512
[Herb] You can't dismiss the possibility
that he had those particular motives,

760
00:45:23,595 --> 00:45:25,639
that it could be self-serving.

761
00:45:25,723 --> 00:45:28,642
Somebody can--
You know, I can use and utilize,

762
00:45:28,726 --> 00:45:31,353
because of his growing influentiality,

763
00:45:31,437 --> 00:45:32,938
that he could help me too.

764
00:45:36,024 --> 00:45:40,070
[Dr. Smith] Malcolm sends these pictures
to two Black newspapers.

765
00:45:41,572 --> 00:45:44,199
Malcolm wants to remind Elijah Muhammad

766
00:45:44,700 --> 00:45:46,577
that Cassius Clay has the ability

767
00:45:46,660 --> 00:45:50,205
to bring more members into the movement,
and they're as close as brothers.

768
00:45:52,249 --> 00:45:55,377
[Randy] Malcolm says to Elijah Muhammad,
"What would it be like

769
00:45:55,461 --> 00:45:57,546
if for Savior's Day celebration…"

770
00:45:57,629 --> 00:46:01,717
which was the day after the fight,
"…if I show up with Cassius Clay?"

771
00:46:03,886 --> 00:46:06,513
[Maryum] "I wanna come back,
Honorable Messenger,

772
00:46:07,014 --> 00:46:10,851
and I have someone
who can help our cause."

773
00:46:15,689 --> 00:46:18,025
[Jerry] About a week before the fight,

774
00:46:18,108 --> 00:46:20,611
Malcolm X shows up.

775
00:46:21,612 --> 00:46:24,448
Malcolm goes to a couple of workouts
in the camp.

776
00:46:25,115 --> 00:46:28,786
He had been asked to leave

777
00:46:29,870 --> 00:46:31,747
and go home.

778
00:46:31,830 --> 00:46:34,500
That he could come back for the fight.

779
00:46:35,209 --> 00:46:38,337
The real emphasis at that point

780
00:46:38,420 --> 00:46:42,132
was whether or not Cassius Clay

781
00:46:42,216 --> 00:46:46,094
was a member of the Nation of Islam.

782
00:46:47,012 --> 00:46:50,098
They didn't want some Muslim
being the heavyweight champion,

783
00:46:50,182 --> 00:46:52,059
so they basically threatened him.

784
00:46:52,601 --> 00:46:56,146
Cassius was about to pack up the bus
to leave town,

785
00:46:56,230 --> 00:46:58,148
since they said
they were canceling the fight,

786
00:46:58,649 --> 00:47:01,777
but the promoters find out he was leaving,
they came back and said,

787
00:47:01,860 --> 00:47:04,404
"You just don't tell nobody you're Muslim.
We won't say nothing."

788
00:47:10,244 --> 00:47:12,913
[Randy] February 25th, 1964.

789
00:47:14,957 --> 00:47:16,959
Heavyweight championship of the world.

790
00:47:17,042 --> 00:47:19,753
Malcolm has come back to Miami.

791
00:47:19,837 --> 00:47:21,088
[easy-listening music playing]

792
00:47:21,171 --> 00:47:24,341
[promoter] Miami, Florida,
where the Torch of Friendship

793
00:47:24,424 --> 00:47:28,804
signifies a welcome to good people
of all races and creeds.

794
00:47:29,888 --> 00:47:31,849
[Dr. Smith] Remember,
Miami is a segregated city,

795
00:47:31,932 --> 00:47:35,477
and he has to stay at a hotel
that is only for Black people.

796
00:47:37,020 --> 00:47:40,190
[promoter] From the moment you drive up
to the main entrance of the Hampton House,

797
00:47:40,274 --> 00:47:42,025
your welcome is assured.

798
00:47:42,109 --> 00:47:43,527
A home away from home

799
00:47:43,610 --> 00:47:46,989
to thousands of visitors
from states of the United States

800
00:47:47,072 --> 00:47:48,407
and many foreign lands,

801
00:47:48,490 --> 00:47:51,076
who seek the fabulous Florida sunshine.

802
00:47:56,832 --> 00:48:00,002
If you like to lose your money,
then be a fool and bet on Sonny.

803
00:48:00,085 --> 00:48:02,713
But if you wanna have a good day,
then put it on Clay.

804
00:48:04,673 --> 00:48:08,051
[Robert] I always thought Sonny Liston

805
00:48:08,552 --> 00:48:12,472
was really afraid of only one thing,
and that was a crazy man.

806
00:48:15,017 --> 00:48:18,353
He'd come out of the system,
and he'd spent time in jail

807
00:48:18,854 --> 00:48:21,273
where he had seen people go nuts.

808
00:48:22,024 --> 00:48:24,776
Cassius used that,

809
00:48:25,360 --> 00:48:28,196
harassing him, making fun of him.

810
00:48:29,615 --> 00:48:32,534
At the weigh-in, he went nuts,

811
00:48:32,618 --> 00:48:35,120
tried to get at Sonny Liston.

812
00:48:36,288 --> 00:48:39,124
A crazy man who had nothing to lose

813
00:48:39,207 --> 00:48:41,043
could really hurt you.

814
00:48:43,211 --> 00:48:45,088
[reporter] We're almost all set to go

815
00:48:45,172 --> 00:48:47,758
for that world heavyweight
championship fight.

816
00:48:47,841 --> 00:48:49,801
The puncher, champion Sonny Liston,

817
00:48:49,885 --> 00:48:52,012
the boxer, challenger Cassius Clay.

818
00:48:52,554 --> 00:48:57,142
[Randy] Just before the fight,
Cassius is nervous.

819
00:48:57,225 --> 00:48:58,352
[funky music plays]

820
00:48:58,435 --> 00:48:59,853
This is a big fight. He's--

821
00:48:59,937 --> 00:49:02,606
He's going to fight Sonny Liston,
who is a bad man.

822
00:49:04,107 --> 00:49:06,526
Suddenly, Malcolm X shows up
in the locker room.

823
00:49:06,610 --> 00:49:08,570
[Rahman] They made prayer.
He talked to my brother,

824
00:49:08,654 --> 00:49:12,491
gave my brother some instructions,
and my brother came out very confident.

825
00:49:13,533 --> 00:49:16,328
[Zaheer] Malcolm encouraged him to believe

826
00:49:16,411 --> 00:49:20,624
that he had to bring with him
into that ring

827
00:49:20,707 --> 00:49:23,961
the power of God, if not God himself.

828
00:49:24,044 --> 00:49:25,754
[announcer] We're set
for an exciting night

829
00:49:25,837 --> 00:49:28,131
here in Convention Hall, Miami Beach.

830
00:49:28,215 --> 00:49:30,842
[Ilyasah] You know,
with the support of your brother,

831
00:49:30,926 --> 00:49:33,804
who believes just as deeply as you do,

832
00:49:33,887 --> 00:49:35,681
you can pray to God

833
00:49:36,264 --> 00:49:39,851
to give you the will to do what you must.

834
00:49:40,352 --> 00:49:42,688
[announcer] Now the questions
will be answered.

835
00:49:42,771 --> 00:49:45,983
If it goes past the first round,
there will be surprises already.

836
00:49:46,817 --> 00:49:50,946
[Randy] Malcolm got a seat
sitting in row seven, seat seven.

837
00:49:51,446 --> 00:49:53,573
This is prophecy coming to truth.

838
00:49:53,657 --> 00:49:55,450
-[bell sounds]
-[announcer] And here they come.

839
00:49:55,534 --> 00:49:58,662
Clay just laughs at him,
backs away, bobbing, weaving.

840
00:49:59,162 --> 00:50:00,914
Clay with a left and a right at play!

841
00:50:00,998 --> 00:50:03,500
Liston's caught!
Liston's bleeding under both eyes!

842
00:50:03,583 --> 00:50:05,752
[Howard Cosell] The bell sounds
for the fifth round,

843
00:50:05,836 --> 00:50:07,337
and he is having trouble with his eyes.

844
00:50:07,421 --> 00:50:09,715
[announcer] His trainer yelled,
"There's something in Liston's gloves."

845
00:50:09,798 --> 00:50:11,550
Clay is blinking, said he can't see.

846
00:50:13,510 --> 00:50:15,303
Here is Liston crouching,
hitting the low body.

847
00:50:15,387 --> 00:50:17,639
And Clay keeps blinking
like he doesn't see Liston,

848
00:50:17,723 --> 00:50:18,890
and that will be fatal.

849
00:50:19,725 --> 00:50:22,394
His great body and head movements
kept him from Liston's punches.

850
00:50:22,477 --> 00:50:24,271
[crowd cheering]

851
00:50:24,354 --> 00:50:26,648
[announcer] Round five saw Cassius
come back on the attack.

852
00:50:26,732 --> 00:50:27,941
All through this fight,

853
00:50:28,025 --> 00:50:31,236
Cassius has ripped that left hand
into Sonny Liston's face.

854
00:50:31,737 --> 00:50:35,449
And here in the sixth round,
Clay has taken control of the fight.

855
00:50:39,202 --> 00:50:42,080
Round six ends.
Liston moves very wearily to his corner.

856
00:50:42,664 --> 00:50:45,167
[Howard Cosell] As we come up
to round seven…

857
00:50:45,250 --> 00:50:46,418
Wait a minute!

858
00:50:47,169 --> 00:50:49,546
Sonny Liston's not coming out!

859
00:50:49,629 --> 00:50:52,424
The winner and the new
heavyweight champion of the world

860
00:50:52,507 --> 00:50:53,967
is Cassius Clay!

861
00:50:54,051 --> 00:50:56,970
Every time I watch it,
I still get goosebumps.

862
00:50:57,763 --> 00:50:59,806
[Howard Cosell]
Pandemonium has broken loose.

863
00:50:59,890 --> 00:51:02,350
When he goes around the ring,
and he points everybody out,

864
00:51:02,434 --> 00:51:04,519
"I told you, I told you."

865
00:51:05,437 --> 00:51:08,273
"I told you I was the greatest.
I proved it."

866
00:51:08,857 --> 00:51:12,277
That moment, it'll stick with you
the rest of your life.

867
00:51:12,861 --> 00:51:14,196
I shook up the world!

868
00:51:14,279 --> 00:51:15,280
"I shook up the world."

869
00:51:15,363 --> 00:51:16,531
"I shook up the world."

870
00:51:16,615 --> 00:51:17,949
I shook up the world!

871
00:51:20,744 --> 00:51:23,663
He said he was the greatest,
uh, all of the odds were against him.

872
00:51:23,747 --> 00:51:25,332
He upset the oddsmakers.

873
00:51:25,415 --> 00:51:27,959
He won. He became victorious.
He became the champ.

874
00:51:28,043 --> 00:51:31,546
And the, uh, people who, uh--
Who understand psychology

875
00:51:31,630 --> 00:51:35,383
and the-- The effect that, uh--
The psychological effect

876
00:51:35,467 --> 00:51:39,387
that the image of one's hero
has upon the person himself…

877
00:51:40,597 --> 00:51:44,267
they knew that as soon as, uh--
If people begin to identify with Cassius,

878
00:51:44,351 --> 00:51:46,144
and the ki--
Type of image he was creating,

879
00:51:46,228 --> 00:51:47,938
they would have trouble
out of these Negroes.

880
00:51:48,021 --> 00:51:51,108
Because they'd have Negroes
walking around saying, "I'm the greatest."

881
00:51:51,191 --> 00:51:53,568
Cassius say, "I am something righteous."

882
00:51:53,652 --> 00:51:56,655
Cassius Clay, the greatest!

883
00:51:56,738 --> 00:51:59,866
-Who's the prettiest fighter in history?
-Cassius Clay!

884
00:51:59,950 --> 00:52:01,660
-He is the greatest!
-All right.

885
00:52:01,743 --> 00:52:03,870
Fly like a butterfly, stings like a bee!

886
00:52:03,954 --> 00:52:07,332
They leave the convention center,
a small group of people.

887
00:52:07,833 --> 00:52:10,919
Rudy, Cassius, Malcolm X,

888
00:52:11,002 --> 00:52:13,880
Jim Brown,
the great football player at the time,

889
00:52:14,548 --> 00:52:17,134
Sam Cooke,
the unbelievable recording artist,

890
00:52:17,217 --> 00:52:18,969
who's a good friend of Cassius.

891
00:52:19,052 --> 00:52:21,596
And they come here…

892
00:52:21,680 --> 00:52:23,723
♪ I'm your mama, I'm your daddy ♪

893
00:52:23,807 --> 00:52:25,433
♪ I'm that nigga in the alley… ♪

894
00:52:25,517 --> 00:52:26,852
[Randy] …to the Hampton House.

895
00:52:28,019 --> 00:52:32,941
Cassius and Rudy sit back here
on these very stools.

896
00:52:33,525 --> 00:52:35,068
♪ I'm your pusherman ♪

897
00:52:35,152 --> 00:52:38,905
[Dr. Smith] Cassius Clay the champion,
eating a bowl of ice cream.

898
00:52:38,989 --> 00:52:41,616
That was his idea of a big celebration,
was a bowl of ice cream.

899
00:52:45,579 --> 00:52:47,622
[stammers] One of the happiest times
of my life.

900
00:52:47,706 --> 00:52:49,416
Everybody was celebrating victory.

901
00:52:51,001 --> 00:52:51,877
[shutter clicks]

902
00:52:51,960 --> 00:52:55,797
[Dr. Smith] Now, it's in this moment that
they all say, "Well, we believed in you,"

903
00:52:55,881 --> 00:52:57,966
but it was Malcolm who believed in him.

904
00:52:58,842 --> 00:52:59,718
[shutter clicks]

905
00:52:59,801 --> 00:53:01,678
[Dr. Smith] And that means something.

906
00:53:02,220 --> 00:53:05,182
It's with gratitude
that he celebrates with Malcolm.

907
00:53:08,059 --> 00:53:09,102
It's getting late,

908
00:53:09,853 --> 00:53:15,317
and the story goes that Malcolm,
Cassius Clay, Rudy, Jim Brown,

909
00:53:15,400 --> 00:53:16,735
maybe a few others…

910
00:53:17,485 --> 00:53:19,779
[Randy] They go to Malcolm X's room.

911
00:53:19,863 --> 00:53:21,406
It's time to talk serious now.

912
00:53:22,032 --> 00:53:23,825
Now Malcolm X is saying, "You know,

913
00:53:24,659 --> 00:53:27,287
this Louisville Lip,
it's time to end that."

914
00:53:29,122 --> 00:53:31,833
"You've got the title,
you've got the pulpit…

915
00:53:33,835 --> 00:53:36,171
now you gotta start talking right."

916
00:53:40,300 --> 00:53:41,676
[Dr. Smith] We weren't in the room.

917
00:53:41,760 --> 00:53:43,803
We don't have a recording
of those conversations.

918
00:53:43,887 --> 00:53:46,640
All we know is what happens next.

919
00:53:47,724 --> 00:53:48,808
He was able…

920
00:53:48,892 --> 00:53:49,935
[crowd clamors]

921
00:53:50,018 --> 00:53:53,021
…by confessing Allah is God

922
00:53:53,104 --> 00:53:55,649
and Muhammad is his messenger…

923
00:53:55,732 --> 00:53:56,566
[crowd cheers]

924
00:53:56,650 --> 00:54:00,862
…that he whipped
a much tougher man than he.

925
00:54:01,363 --> 00:54:05,325
The enemy wanted him
to come out all blasted.

926
00:54:05,408 --> 00:54:07,661
[crowd clamors]

927
00:54:07,744 --> 00:54:10,538
They had said that he would-- [chuckles]

928
00:54:10,622 --> 00:54:13,750
Liston would tear up
that pretty face of yours.

929
00:54:13,833 --> 00:54:15,835
[crowd cheers]

930
00:54:17,045 --> 00:54:19,589
But Allah and myself said "No, no."

931
00:54:19,673 --> 00:54:20,590
[crowd cheers]

932
00:54:20,674 --> 00:54:23,885
[reporter] And do you think
that Cassius' being a Black Muslim

933
00:54:23,969 --> 00:54:25,679
has had anything to do with this victory?

934
00:54:25,762 --> 00:54:27,764
Well, I haven't heard him say
he was a Black Muslim.

935
00:54:27,847 --> 00:54:31,101
I have heard him say that
he believes in the religion of Islam.

936
00:54:34,521 --> 00:54:37,816
[Dr. Smith] About a week after the fight
between Clay and Liston,

937
00:54:37,899 --> 00:54:39,567
they go to the United Nations.

938
00:54:39,651 --> 00:54:43,947
Malcolm X, I want to talk with you briefly
about your affiliation with Cassius.

939
00:54:44,030 --> 00:54:45,657
How long have you known him?

940
00:54:45,740 --> 00:54:46,992
About three years.

941
00:54:47,075 --> 00:54:49,452
[reporter] And have you been
advising him, uh,

942
00:54:49,536 --> 00:54:51,579
as far as his religious affiliations
are concerned?

943
00:54:51,663 --> 00:54:55,166
Well, no, I don't give advice to anyone.
He's my brother and my friend.

944
00:54:55,250 --> 00:54:57,919
I express what I know
and understand around him.

945
00:54:58,003 --> 00:55:01,881
And Malcolm X introduces him
to Black diplomats from all over Africa.

946
00:55:01,965 --> 00:55:03,842
There's my buddy. Yes, sir.

947
00:55:03,925 --> 00:55:05,427
Glad to see you.

948
00:55:06,094 --> 00:55:08,263
[Dr. Smith] And this is
where Malcolm reminds him,

949
00:55:08,346 --> 00:55:10,849
"You are not what you were before."

950
00:55:11,558 --> 00:55:15,687
"Now you are someone
who is looked up to all over the world."

951
00:55:15,770 --> 00:55:17,605
Do you plan to visit Nigeria on your trip?

952
00:55:17,689 --> 00:55:19,941
Yes, sir.
That's one of my main stops, Africa.

953
00:55:20,025 --> 00:55:22,902
Malcolm wanted to play on a larger stage.

954
00:55:22,986 --> 00:55:26,823
He was going to take the race situation

955
00:55:27,449 --> 00:55:29,117
and internationalize it.

956
00:55:29,826 --> 00:55:31,036
Take it to the UN.

957
00:55:32,912 --> 00:55:37,250
The United States was pushing itself
as the leader of the free world,

958
00:55:37,334 --> 00:55:39,336
the supporter of human rights,

959
00:55:39,419 --> 00:55:41,504
and brother Malcolm was out there saying,

960
00:55:41,588 --> 00:55:43,590
"Hey, y'all,
this is simply not happening."

961
00:55:45,759 --> 00:55:48,303
Malcolm knew that this would be something

962
00:55:48,386 --> 00:55:52,015
that would compel
the federal government to move.

963
00:55:54,017 --> 00:55:56,561
[Malcolm] Cassius is in a better position
than anyone else

964
00:55:56,644 --> 00:55:59,189
to restore a sense of racial pride

965
00:55:59,272 --> 00:56:02,192
to not only our people in this country,
but all over the world.

966
00:56:02,275 --> 00:56:03,818
[smooth jazz music playing]

967
00:56:08,198 --> 00:56:11,493
[Dr. Smith] Over the course of the week,
Malcolm and Cassius

968
00:56:11,576 --> 00:56:13,203
look like they've never been closer.

969
00:56:14,829 --> 00:56:16,664
They go to Times Square,

970
00:56:16,748 --> 00:56:20,794
and they go and they watch the fight
of Clay defeating Liston.

971
00:56:20,877 --> 00:56:23,880
[Howard Cosell] The winner
and new heavyweight champion of the world

972
00:56:23,963 --> 00:56:25,382
is Cassius Clay!

973
00:56:28,218 --> 00:56:31,054
When they come out of the theater,
what do you see?

974
00:56:32,305 --> 00:56:35,600
A crowd, hundreds of people,
surrounding them.

975
00:56:40,355 --> 00:56:41,981
Reporters are asking Malcolm questions

976
00:56:42,065 --> 00:56:46,152
about whether or not the champ
is gonna be in his movement.

977
00:56:47,237 --> 00:56:50,031
There are all these questions about
what's gonna happen next.

978
00:56:52,700 --> 00:56:54,536
There's an FBI agent in Chicago

979
00:56:54,619 --> 00:56:58,331
who is requesting continued surveillance
of Elijah Muhammad's mansion.

980
00:56:58,415 --> 00:56:59,666
And this agent learns

981
00:56:59,749 --> 00:57:02,752
that Elijah Muhammad
has had phone conversations

982
00:57:02,836 --> 00:57:04,629
with the heavyweight champion.

983
00:57:08,216 --> 00:57:10,176
On March 6th, 1964,

984
00:57:11,052 --> 00:57:14,389
Cassius returns to his room
back at the Hotel Theresa.

985
00:57:14,472 --> 00:57:17,100
He gets a phone call,
and it's Elijah Muhammad.

986
00:57:17,809 --> 00:57:19,727
And the Supreme Minister tells him,

987
00:57:19,811 --> 00:57:23,606
"You are not allowed
to associate with Malcolm anymore."

988
00:57:24,107 --> 00:57:26,443
[introspective piano music playing]

989
00:57:34,325 --> 00:57:38,246
[reporter] I understand that you're headed
for Chicago later on this afternoon

990
00:57:38,329 --> 00:57:41,040
to meet with Elijah Muhammad?

991
00:57:41,124 --> 00:57:44,002
-Yes, sir. I'm having dinner with him.
-[reporter] Uh-huh.

992
00:57:44,085 --> 00:57:47,464
One of the main reasons
for you joining the Black Muslims

993
00:57:47,547 --> 00:57:49,632
was your friendship
with Malcolm X, wasn't it?

994
00:57:49,716 --> 00:57:53,094
No, I was a Muslim four years
before I met Malcolm X.

995
00:57:53,178 --> 00:57:54,471
[reporter] Oh, really?

996
00:57:54,554 --> 00:57:56,764
Uh, he's a friend of yours
now though, isn't he?

997
00:57:56,848 --> 00:57:57,891
-Yeah.
-[reporter] He was--

998
00:57:57,974 --> 00:58:00,768
He's a brother of mine. He's my brother.
Whatever he do, he's my brother.

999
00:58:00,852 --> 00:58:03,229
[reporter] Uh-huh. Now that he's
split away from the Muslims--

1000
00:58:03,313 --> 00:58:04,439
I don't know about splitting.

1001
00:58:04,522 --> 00:58:07,233
I'll have to see
a higher authority on that.

1002
00:58:07,317 --> 00:58:10,820
That's one of my main reasons for going,
is to find out the real story.

1003
00:58:10,904 --> 00:58:14,282
I don't believe nothing
the press and people write.

1004
00:58:21,247 --> 00:58:22,749
[Rahman] Elijah Muhammad says,

1005
00:58:23,249 --> 00:58:26,336
"For all my followers
and all my people that believe in Islam,

1006
00:58:26,920 --> 00:58:28,963
this is the brother, Cassius Clay,

1007
00:58:29,047 --> 00:58:32,425
he's the most trusted follower
that I got."

1008
00:58:32,509 --> 00:58:33,676
"And I name him…

1009
00:58:34,677 --> 00:58:36,471
Muhammad Ali."

1010
00:58:39,891 --> 00:58:41,267
That's how he got the name.

1011
00:58:44,479 --> 00:58:48,775
[Peter] Cassius Clay is given
his Muslim name, Muhammad Ali.

1012
00:58:49,317 --> 00:58:52,195
Most people had to wait for years
to get that.

1013
00:58:53,154 --> 00:58:54,197
He became a hero.

1014
00:58:54,280 --> 00:58:57,033
He appeared on the stage
with the Messenger.

1015
00:58:58,284 --> 00:58:59,869
And Malcolm was…

1016
00:59:01,579 --> 00:59:02,872
out in the cold.

1017
00:59:10,088 --> 00:59:13,007
[Herb] Muhammad Ali, then,
is in the crosshairs

1018
00:59:13,550 --> 00:59:16,261
between two very powerful individuals,

1019
00:59:16,344 --> 00:59:19,847
two powerful Black leaders,
Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X,

1020
00:59:19,931 --> 00:59:21,808
whether he was aware of that or not.

1021
00:59:21,891 --> 00:59:26,437
When forced to choose,

1022
00:59:26,521 --> 00:59:29,941
for Malcolm,
he had no choice but to choose himself.

1023
00:59:30,525 --> 00:59:33,903
For Cassius,
he had to choose his spiritual father.

1024
00:59:34,821 --> 00:59:36,948
Malcolm was an individual.

1025
00:59:37,031 --> 00:59:39,325
Elijah was an institution.

1026
00:59:39,909 --> 00:59:42,245
Does this split disturb you,
that has been reported?

1027
00:59:42,328 --> 00:59:45,248
No, what Malcolm X does is his business.
He's one man.

1028
00:59:45,832 --> 00:59:47,709
-Your leader is Elijah Muhammad?
-Yes, sir.

1029
00:59:50,003 --> 00:59:52,255
[Shabazz-Allah]
The Messenger was our father.

1030
00:59:52,338 --> 00:59:54,966
A father we never had and always wanted.

1031
00:59:55,049 --> 00:59:56,509
[crowd cheering]

1032
00:59:56,593 --> 00:59:58,970
[Shabazz-Allah] He was like
the blood in our veins.

1033
01:00:00,346 --> 01:00:02,724
There's no Melchisedek
without the Messenger's teachings.

1034
01:00:02,807 --> 01:00:05,602
Take these teachings,
I'm just another nigga in the street.

1035
01:00:05,685 --> 01:00:07,186
You understand what I'm trying to say?

1036
01:00:09,105 --> 01:00:11,024
[Maryum] It was a simple story line,

1037
01:00:11,107 --> 01:00:13,318
and my father
was right up in the middle of it,

1038
01:00:13,401 --> 01:00:17,697
as this young man trying to choose.

1039
01:00:17,780 --> 01:00:21,159
And, yeah, there could have been
an element of survival.

1040
01:00:21,909 --> 01:00:23,995
Cassius Clay is a name no more,
is that right?

1041
01:00:24,078 --> 01:00:25,830
Yes, sir. It's Muhammad Ali.

1042
01:00:25,913 --> 01:00:29,459
Muhammad means "worthy of all praises,"
and Ali means "most high."

1043
01:00:29,542 --> 01:00:30,918
[Randy] When Malcolm heard this,

1044
01:00:31,002 --> 01:00:34,631
Malcolm exploded in a car and said,
"That's political."

1045
01:00:34,714 --> 01:00:36,215
Has anybody special gave you the name?

1046
01:00:36,299 --> 01:00:39,677
Yes, sir. My leader and teacher,
the Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad.

1047
01:00:39,761 --> 01:00:45,141
He knew that in the battle
to win the heart of Muhammad Ali,

1048
01:00:46,559 --> 01:00:47,810
he had lost the fight.

1049
01:00:49,395 --> 01:00:50,938
Muhammad. My name's Muhammad.

1050
01:00:51,022 --> 01:00:53,650
Y'all keep calling me Cassius.
I'm tired of telling ya.

1051
01:00:53,733 --> 01:00:57,403
You know, you're intelligent.
My name is Muhammad Ali, not Cassius.

1052
01:00:57,487 --> 01:01:01,991
Ali would not let America define him,

1053
01:01:02,075 --> 01:01:04,285
and he wouldn't even let them name him.

1054
01:01:04,369 --> 01:01:07,747
[reporter] Muhammad Ali,
more popularly known as Gaseous Cassius,

1055
01:01:07,830 --> 01:01:09,499
has just hit town for his…

1056
01:01:09,582 --> 01:01:12,710
[Rev. Sharpton] All of the endorsements,
all of the commercials,

1057
01:01:12,794 --> 01:01:15,463
Hollywood, all of that's open to you,

1058
01:01:15,546 --> 01:01:19,217
and changing your name
closes the door to all of that.

1059
01:01:20,677 --> 01:01:24,889
It would take a lot of courage in the
21st century, but it was unthinkable--

1060
01:01:24,972 --> 01:01:26,891
You would have to be out of your mind.

1061
01:01:28,559 --> 01:01:30,937
It was the ultimate statement.

1062
01:01:31,521 --> 01:01:34,232
-[reporter] Mr. Clay, when you--
-Muhammad Ali, sir.

1063
01:01:34,315 --> 01:01:36,067
-[reporter] Mr. Clay--
-Muhammad Ali, sir.

1064
01:01:36,150 --> 01:01:38,569
-[reporter] Mr. Muhammad Ali, either one.
-Yes, sir.

1065
01:01:38,653 --> 01:01:40,321
-Just Muhammad Ali, sir.
-When you appeared…

1066
01:01:40,405 --> 01:01:45,451
And all of a sudden, people said,
"Who does he think he is? A loudmouth N--"

1067
01:01:46,786 --> 01:01:49,414
"The loudmouth N.
Who does he think he is?"

1068
01:01:49,497 --> 01:01:51,958
"Go to take a different name,
different religion."

1069
01:01:52,917 --> 01:01:55,336
It's a insult to be called Cassius Clay,
'cause I'm not white.

1070
01:01:55,420 --> 01:01:57,130
I'm Muhammad Ali. I'm a Black man.

1071
01:01:57,213 --> 01:01:59,382
It's the name of our history,
our ancestry.

1072
01:01:59,465 --> 01:02:02,760
So now it's an honor,
coming into the knowledge of self,

1073
01:02:02,844 --> 01:02:04,178
to be called by my own name.

1074
01:02:04,262 --> 01:02:06,514
How would a Russian look
named George Washington?

1075
01:02:06,597 --> 01:02:07,432
[crowd laughs]

1076
01:02:07,515 --> 01:02:10,560
-Tell me again, who's the champ?
-[crowd] Muhammad Ali!

1077
01:02:11,436 --> 01:02:14,272
-Again. Who's that?
-[crowd] Muhammad Ali!

1078
01:02:15,565 --> 01:02:18,109
[crowd clamoring]

1079
01:02:18,192 --> 01:02:19,944
You have Muslims around the world

1080
01:02:20,027 --> 01:02:23,698
who maybe never followed a boxing match,

1081
01:02:23,781 --> 01:02:27,869
now are hearing this name
emanating over the press wires:

1082
01:02:27,952 --> 01:02:30,371
Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Ali.

1083
01:02:35,168 --> 01:02:38,671
[Herb] 1964, Muhammad and Malcolm

1084
01:02:38,755 --> 01:02:41,215
traveled to Africa and the Middle East,

1085
01:02:41,841 --> 01:02:43,384
but not together.

1086
01:02:44,051 --> 01:02:46,095
They both had this concern

1087
01:02:46,179 --> 01:02:50,266
for the whole winds of change
that are growing across Africa.

1088
01:02:50,975 --> 01:02:54,937
Muhammad Ali was met
with all these adoring masses of people.

1089
01:02:55,646 --> 01:02:58,149
He was mesmerizing
in so many different ways.

1090
01:02:58,232 --> 01:03:02,528
The kind of charisma that he possessed,
you know, it's extraordinary.

1091
01:03:06,657 --> 01:03:09,952
And Malcolm is traveling alone.

1092
01:03:11,537 --> 01:03:13,706
Meeting with these here world leaders,

1093
01:03:13,790 --> 01:03:17,543
he was trying to bring the message
of 22 million African-Americans

1094
01:03:17,627 --> 01:03:19,086
to the world stage…

1095
01:03:19,670 --> 01:03:21,881
-Salaam alaikum.
-[crowd] Walaikum Salaam.

1096
01:03:21,964 --> 01:03:24,884
…and bring charges,
you know, against the US.

1097
01:03:24,967 --> 01:03:27,136
in terms of their violation
of human rights.

1098
01:03:27,220 --> 01:03:30,348
Our problem is not an American problem,
it's a human problem.

1099
01:03:30,431 --> 01:03:33,518
It's not a Negro problem,
it's a problem of humanity.

1100
01:03:34,519 --> 01:03:37,563
[Herb] He's like a representative,
a congressman,

1101
01:03:38,356 --> 01:03:40,191
a senator from Black America,

1102
01:03:40,274 --> 01:03:43,069
if not the president of Black America.

1103
01:03:45,446 --> 01:03:46,906
[Ilyasah] "The Muslim from America

1104
01:03:46,989 --> 01:03:51,369
excited everywhere
the most intense curiosity and interest."

1105
01:03:52,453 --> 01:03:55,915
"I was mistaken time and again
for Cassius Clay."

1106
01:04:00,878 --> 01:04:03,297
"A local newspaper
had printed a photograph

1107
01:04:03,381 --> 01:04:06,968
of Cassius and me together
at the United Nations."

1108
01:04:10,012 --> 01:04:13,516
"At that moment,
he had captured the imagination

1109
01:04:13,599 --> 01:04:17,812
and the support of the entire dark world."

1110
01:04:19,397 --> 01:04:22,483
["Redemption Song" by Bob Marley playing]

1111
01:04:36,664 --> 01:04:40,209
♪ Old pirates, yes, they rob I ♪

1112
01:04:41,294 --> 01:04:44,171
♪ Sold I to the merchant ships ♪

1113
01:04:44,255 --> 01:04:46,340
[crowd chanting] Ali! Ali!

1114
01:04:46,424 --> 01:04:48,968
-Ali! Ali!
-♪ Minutes after they took I ♪

1115
01:04:49,051 --> 01:04:50,261
[crowd] Ali! Ali!

1116
01:04:50,344 --> 01:04:53,389
♪ From the bottomless pit ♪

1117
01:04:53,472 --> 01:04:54,599
♪ But my hand… ♪

1118
01:04:54,682 --> 01:04:58,102
My father always spoke about
the redemption of Africa.

1119
01:04:59,770 --> 01:05:04,400
And "Redemption Song" was an homage,
if you will, to Marcus Garvey,

1120
01:05:04,984 --> 01:05:08,863
and a statement
that Marcus Garvey made in 1937,

1121
01:05:08,946 --> 01:05:11,532
that we must liberate our minds
from mental slavery,

1122
01:05:11,616 --> 01:05:14,994
because while others
may help us to liberate our bodies,

1123
01:05:15,077 --> 01:05:17,246
none but ourselves can liberate our minds.

1124
01:05:17,330 --> 01:05:21,250
♪ Emancipate yourselves
From mental slavery ♪

1125
01:05:21,334 --> 01:05:24,754
♪ None but ourselves can free our minds ♪

1126
01:05:25,755 --> 01:05:27,048
♪ Have no fear for… ♪

1127
01:05:27,131 --> 01:05:31,427
I think Malcolm started to see himself,
I believe, uh,

1128
01:05:31,510 --> 01:05:33,179
taking on that mantle.

1129
01:05:33,971 --> 01:05:37,725
♪ How long shall they kill our prophets ♪

1130
01:05:37,808 --> 01:05:41,771
♪ While we stand aside and look?
Ooh ♪

1131
01:05:41,854 --> 01:05:45,566
♪ Some say it's just a part of it ♪

1132
01:05:46,233 --> 01:05:50,029
♪ We've got to fulfill the book… ♪

1133
01:05:50,112 --> 01:05:52,448
[Malcolm]
Because of the spiritual rebirth,

1134
01:05:52,531 --> 01:05:54,033
which I was blessed to undergo

1135
01:05:54,116 --> 01:05:57,328
as a result of the pilgrimage
to the holy city of Mecca,

1136
01:05:57,912 --> 01:06:02,041
I no longer subscribe
to sweeping indictments of any one race.

1137
01:06:02,124 --> 01:06:03,876
[crowd applauds]

1138
01:06:03,960 --> 01:06:05,962
♪ Redemption songs… ♪

1139
01:06:12,593 --> 01:06:14,971
[Dr. Smith] May 17th, 1964,

1140
01:06:16,389 --> 01:06:17,390
Accra, Ghana,

1141
01:06:18,391 --> 01:06:20,101
outside the Ambassador Hotel…

1142
01:06:20,977 --> 01:06:22,186
[tense music playing]

1143
01:06:22,269 --> 01:06:27,108
Malcolm was with
some of his American expat friends,

1144
01:06:27,191 --> 01:06:30,361
Maya Angelou and others.

1145
01:06:30,444 --> 01:06:33,531
Malcolm is being taken to the airport,

1146
01:06:33,614 --> 01:06:35,366
and outside the hotel,

1147
01:06:35,449 --> 01:06:37,618
and here comes Muhammad Ali.

1148
01:06:40,079 --> 01:06:42,623
[Dr. Smith] Now,
keep in mind that Malcolm,

1149
01:06:42,707 --> 01:06:46,085
he's been to Egypt and Saudi Arabia,

1150
01:06:46,168 --> 01:06:47,795
and in his journal,

1151
01:06:49,088 --> 01:06:52,091
he writes about Ali
as his brother and his friend.

1152
01:06:52,174 --> 01:06:54,885
So in this moment, in Accra, Ghana,

1153
01:06:54,969 --> 01:06:57,763
when he surprisingly sees the champ,

1154
01:06:57,847 --> 01:07:00,433
he thinks that
they're going to embrace as brothers.

1155
01:07:02,810 --> 01:07:06,313
[Randy] Malcolm X keeps saying,
"Muhammad, Muhammad."

1156
01:07:08,107 --> 01:07:10,818
Finally, Muhammad Ali
turns to him and says,

1157
01:07:10,901 --> 01:07:14,113
"Look, you turned your back
on Elijah Muhammad."

1158
01:07:14,196 --> 01:07:16,240
"You were wrong, brother. You were wrong."

1159
01:07:16,323 --> 01:07:17,742
He turns around and walks away.

1160
01:07:19,243 --> 01:07:21,954
[Herb] He kind of snubbed Malcolm
at that point.

1161
01:07:23,289 --> 01:07:27,418
Their relationship
had pretty much soured, torn apart.

1162
01:07:27,501 --> 01:07:31,005
Maya Angelou would later write about how,
when Malcolm gets in the car,

1163
01:07:31,088 --> 01:07:33,340
he's slumped in the passenger seat.

1164
01:07:34,091 --> 01:07:36,594
He says, "I've lost so much."

1165
01:07:38,512 --> 01:07:40,514
He's lost Elijah Muhammad,

1166
01:07:40,598 --> 01:07:43,100
who had played
a paternal role in his life,

1167
01:07:43,184 --> 01:07:45,561
and now he's lost Muhammad Ali.

1168
01:07:46,312 --> 01:07:48,981
If that's the blood brotherhood
we're talking about,

1169
01:07:49,065 --> 01:07:52,610
I think it was probably
the end of the blood brotherhood.

1170
01:07:55,571 --> 01:07:57,031
[reporter] What's your plan now?

1171
01:07:57,531 --> 01:07:59,992
[Malcolm] I'm going back to the,
uh, States,

1172
01:08:01,118 --> 01:08:02,703
first to see how my family is doing.

1173
01:08:02,787 --> 01:08:05,039
-[reporter] Yes.
-[Malcolm] See what develops.

1174
01:08:07,124 --> 01:08:10,961
When he returned from Africa
at JFK Airport,

1175
01:08:11,545 --> 01:08:14,381
my mother handed me over to my father,

1176
01:08:14,465 --> 01:08:18,636
and he's smiling.
I don't know if that's a fond memory,

1177
01:08:18,719 --> 01:08:22,556
or if it's because I've seen the photo
so many times,

1178
01:08:23,599 --> 01:08:26,060
but I feel like I see him looking at me

1179
01:08:26,143 --> 01:08:27,853
like he's waiting for something to happen.

1180
01:08:27,937 --> 01:08:30,689
And this is a golden Muslim mosque

1181
01:08:30,773 --> 01:08:34,401
that was presented to me
by the Islamic Council of all Egypt.

1182
01:08:34,485 --> 01:08:36,487
[crowd cheers and applauds]

1183
01:08:37,947 --> 01:08:39,156
[man 1] Yeah!

1184
01:08:39,240 --> 01:08:41,117
[man 2] It's all solid gold, brother.

1185
01:08:41,617 --> 01:08:43,202
All solid gold.

1186
01:08:44,870 --> 01:08:46,205
Solid gold.

1187
01:08:46,789 --> 01:08:47,998
[man 3] Solid gold! Yes…

1188
01:08:48,082 --> 01:08:50,626
This is a gift to our leader and teacher
for waking all of us up,

1189
01:08:50,709 --> 01:08:53,462
because we were in a bad state
of condition before we heard him.

1190
01:08:53,546 --> 01:08:54,547
[man 3] Yes, sir!

1191
01:08:54,630 --> 01:08:56,465
[crowd cheers and applauds]

1192
01:08:56,549 --> 01:08:59,635
[man 4] Hooray! Yes, sir!

1193
01:08:59,718 --> 01:09:03,139
Have you and Malcolm X,
the man who helped convert you

1194
01:09:03,222 --> 01:09:05,099
to the Black Muslim movement,

1195
01:09:05,182 --> 01:09:06,433
have the two of you split?

1196
01:09:07,017 --> 01:09:09,353
When the Honorable Elijah Muhammad
cuts a man off,

1197
01:09:09,436 --> 01:09:12,314
well then he's automatically cut off
with all of his followers.

1198
01:09:12,398 --> 01:09:15,943
My newspaper carried a story saying
upon your return from Africa,

1199
01:09:16,026 --> 01:09:19,530
you refused to stay at the Theresa Hotel,
your former headquarters.

1200
01:09:19,613 --> 01:09:23,284
My leader told me--
Not my leader, but various officials

1201
01:09:23,367 --> 01:09:26,287
said that it wouldn't be nice
being in the same hotel that he was in,

1202
01:09:26,370 --> 01:09:27,705
and whatever they say go.

1203
01:09:30,749 --> 01:09:33,252
[reporter] When Cassius Clay was in Accra,

1204
01:09:33,335 --> 01:09:38,174
he was quoted as saying things
that were, um, not so friendly.

1205
01:09:38,257 --> 01:09:40,342
Uh, could you have anything
to say about that?

1206
01:09:40,426 --> 01:09:42,261
I don't know anything about what he said.

1207
01:09:42,344 --> 01:09:46,807
I'm always reluctant to believe
what I read in the newspaper

1208
01:09:46,891 --> 01:09:50,144
that one Black man supposedly said
about another Black man.

1209
01:09:50,227 --> 01:09:51,061
[reporter] He was--

1210
01:09:51,145 --> 01:09:55,441
And if I have anything at all to say
about Cassius, I'll say it to him.

1211
01:09:55,524 --> 01:09:57,276
I don't even talk about Malcolm X.

1212
01:09:57,359 --> 01:09:59,195
He's not in our mind. He's a little--

1213
01:09:59,278 --> 01:10:01,739
We don't worry about Malcolm X.
We have too much to do,

1214
01:10:02,573 --> 01:10:07,077
and he's just one individual
who, as we say, went astray.

1215
01:10:09,371 --> 01:10:11,457
[reporter] Do you still
consider him a friend?

1216
01:10:11,540 --> 01:10:14,293
Yes, I consider
all of our people my friend.

1217
01:10:14,376 --> 01:10:17,004
And usually, those who act unfriendly

1218
01:10:17,087 --> 01:10:20,633
are only reflecting the poison
that someone else has put in them.

1219
01:10:23,552 --> 01:10:26,931
I-- I'm wondering if you still believe,
as I think you certainly did

1220
01:10:27,014 --> 01:10:29,600
at the time you were allied
with the Black Muslim movement,

1221
01:10:29,683 --> 01:10:33,854
in a segregated Black nation
in North America?

1222
01:10:33,938 --> 01:10:37,524
I don't believe in any form
of segregation or any form of racism.

1223
01:10:37,608 --> 01:10:39,443
-Are you still a Muslim?
-[Malcolm] Oh yes.

1224
01:10:39,526 --> 01:10:41,946
I'm a Muslim.
I believe in the religion of Islam,

1225
01:10:42,029 --> 01:10:43,948
which believes in brotherhood.

1226
01:10:44,031 --> 01:10:45,908
Complete brotherhood of all people.

1227
01:10:47,993 --> 01:10:52,623
Malcolm felt that
he was now a big man before the public,

1228
01:10:52,706 --> 01:10:55,292
and this seemed to have been his desire.

1229
01:10:55,376 --> 01:10:57,878
He wanted to be seen and heard.

1230
01:10:57,962 --> 01:11:01,423
He wanted to exalt himself
above his teacher.

1231
01:11:05,636 --> 01:11:08,889
[Zaheer] Once Malcolm is labeled
a hypocrite…

1232
01:11:11,350 --> 01:11:12,643
…it marks him.

1233
01:11:14,478 --> 01:11:16,981
What people think hypocrite means

1234
01:11:17,064 --> 01:11:21,652
or permits them to contemplate to do,

1235
01:11:21,735 --> 01:11:24,822
puts him in an extremely
vulnerable position.

1236
01:11:27,324 --> 01:11:30,828
[Wali] We definitely look at that
as one of the worst things you could do,

1237
01:11:30,911 --> 01:11:31,829
is be a hypocrite.

1238
01:11:31,912 --> 01:11:34,915
Uh, you know, we don't
affiliate ourselves with hypocrites,

1239
01:11:34,999 --> 01:11:37,584
and we let Allah
take care of our hypocrites.

1240
01:11:38,085 --> 01:11:43,132
-[reporter] Why are they threatening you?
-Well, primarily because they're afraid

1241
01:11:43,215 --> 01:11:46,593
that I will tell the real reason
that they've been--

1242
01:11:46,677 --> 01:11:50,639
That I'm out of the Black Muslim movement,
which I never told, I kept to myself.

1243
01:11:50,723 --> 01:11:53,559
But the real reason
is that Elijah Muhammad,

1244
01:11:53,642 --> 01:11:54,935
the head of the movement,

1245
01:11:55,019 --> 01:11:59,148
is the father of eight children
by six different teenage girls.

1246
01:11:59,231 --> 01:12:01,650
Different, uh--
Six different teenage girls

1247
01:12:01,734 --> 01:12:04,320
who were his private personal secretaries.

1248
01:12:06,363 --> 01:12:09,283
Shouldn't have talked about him
like that. Elijah Muhammad?

1249
01:12:10,534 --> 01:12:12,244
Taught you everything you knew.

1250
01:12:12,745 --> 01:12:15,664
Gonna turn against that man?  What a fool.

1251
01:12:20,377 --> 01:12:21,962
[Shabazz-Allah] That's a mistake he made.

1252
01:12:23,464 --> 01:12:26,884
Your mission
and your personal life is separate.

1253
01:12:29,428 --> 01:12:30,971
If I got a package for you,

1254
01:12:31,805 --> 01:12:34,516
and my mission's to come across the street
and give you the package,

1255
01:12:35,059 --> 01:12:36,060
that's my mission.

1256
01:12:36,560 --> 01:12:38,687
If you see me across the street
with a young girl,

1257
01:12:38,771 --> 01:12:40,189
or drinking a quart of wine,

1258
01:12:40,939 --> 01:12:42,608
that ain't none of your business.

1259
01:12:43,442 --> 01:12:45,027
'Cause I fulfilled my mission.

1260
01:12:45,778 --> 01:12:50,324
The Messenger's job is not to discuss
or explain his personal life.

1261
01:12:50,866 --> 01:12:52,910
His job is to deliver the message.

1262
01:12:52,993 --> 01:12:55,579
Who in the hell are you
to question the Messenger

1263
01:12:55,662 --> 01:12:58,624
who took you out of a garbage can,
cleaned you up,

1264
01:12:58,707 --> 01:13:00,376
and put you in front of the world

1265
01:13:00,459 --> 01:13:03,295
as the number-one spokesman
for Black people?

1266
01:13:03,379 --> 01:13:05,130
Now you gonna question him?

1267
01:13:07,383 --> 01:13:08,217
No, no.

1268
01:13:12,096 --> 01:13:13,472
[Rahman] When Malcolm did that,

1269
01:13:13,972 --> 01:13:17,643
talked about Elijah,
said some bad things about his lifestyle

1270
01:13:17,726 --> 01:13:19,353
with women and things like that,

1271
01:13:19,436 --> 01:13:21,772
everybody that loved Elijah
turned against him.

1272
01:13:23,232 --> 01:13:24,650
He shouldn't have said that.

1273
01:13:25,192 --> 01:13:27,986
Too many people love Elijah.
They would kill for Elijah.

1274
01:13:28,070 --> 01:13:29,071
They did.

1275
01:13:30,447 --> 01:13:33,242
[Herb] February the 14th, 1965,

1276
01:13:33,742 --> 01:13:37,162
Malcolm's house was firebombed
in East Elmhurst.

1277
01:13:37,746 --> 01:13:40,958
[reporter] His house in Queens
was seriously damaged by fire,

1278
01:13:41,041 --> 01:13:43,836
a fire started by Molotov cocktails.

1279
01:13:44,586 --> 01:13:47,881
[Ilyasah] For my mother,
a bomb was thrown into the nursery

1280
01:13:47,965 --> 01:13:50,968
where her babies slept.

1281
01:13:52,302 --> 01:13:54,763
That has got to be frightening.

1282
01:13:55,347 --> 01:13:56,557
My house was bombed.

1283
01:13:56,640 --> 01:13:59,226
It was bombed by the Black Muslim movement

1284
01:13:59,309 --> 01:14:01,687
upon the orders of Elijah Muhammad.

1285
01:14:02,479 --> 01:14:04,982
They had planned to do it
from the front and the back

1286
01:14:05,065 --> 01:14:06,316
so that I couldn't get out.

1287
01:14:06,900 --> 01:14:08,569
I was working the graveyard shift

1288
01:14:08,652 --> 01:14:11,697
in one of the automobile plants
in Detroit.

1289
01:14:11,780 --> 01:14:15,325
He was supposed to be on the schedule
to come to Detroit to speak.

1290
01:14:16,410 --> 01:14:18,203
When I heard early in the morning hours

1291
01:14:18,287 --> 01:14:20,414
that his house had been firebombed
in East Elmhurst,

1292
01:14:20,497 --> 01:14:22,541
I knew he was not coming.

1293
01:14:22,624 --> 01:14:24,084
I was wrong.

1294
01:14:25,294 --> 01:14:27,588
At nine o'clock, Malcolm was on a plane,

1295
01:14:27,671 --> 01:14:30,549
came to Detroit, spoke at Ford Auditorium.

1296
01:14:31,216 --> 01:14:34,219
A friend of mine attended,
said he could smell the smoke on him,

1297
01:14:34,303 --> 01:14:37,473
what he had salvaged from his house
after being firebombed.

1298
01:14:49,860 --> 01:14:54,865
[police spokesman] There were about
400 persons present in the ballroom here,

1299
01:14:54,948 --> 01:14:56,408
representing the--

1300
01:14:56,492 --> 01:15:03,290
An organization known as
the Afro-American Unity Organization…

1301
01:15:03,373 --> 01:15:04,249
[clicks tongue]

1302
01:15:04,333 --> 01:15:06,877
…uh, headed up by Malcolm X.

1303
01:15:08,962 --> 01:15:11,757
[A. Peter] The Audubon Ballroom was
a huge ballroom,

1304
01:15:12,758 --> 01:15:15,177
but it had a very small lobby area.

1305
01:15:16,887 --> 01:15:20,265
I was sitting in the lobby,
facing the-- The entrance.

1306
01:15:22,893 --> 01:15:27,564
I guess I'd been there
maybe 10, 15 minutes at the most,

1307
01:15:27,648 --> 01:15:29,733
and I heard Brother Malcolm say
assalamu alaikum,

1308
01:15:29,816 --> 01:15:31,652
and next thing I heard was shots.

1309
01:15:32,319 --> 01:15:33,529
[Malcolm] Salaam alaikum.

1310
01:15:34,029 --> 01:15:37,032
-[gun fires repeatedly]
-[people shouting and crying]

1311
01:15:38,659 --> 01:15:41,036
[woman] I saw people crawling
on the floor,

1312
01:15:41,703 --> 01:15:43,664
and so I got down too.

1313
01:15:45,874 --> 01:15:47,459
And my children were crying, you know,

1314
01:15:47,543 --> 01:15:50,546
"What's going on? What's going on?
Are they gonna shoot us?"

1315
01:15:51,838 --> 01:15:53,507
I knew they had shot my husband.

1316
01:15:55,884 --> 01:15:57,135
[A. Peter] I ran forward.

1317
01:15:57,219 --> 01:16:00,931
I saw Malcolm hold his side
and hold his stomach and fell down.

1318
01:16:01,890 --> 01:16:04,643
We have two suspects in custody now.

1319
01:16:04,726 --> 01:16:08,397
One of these men was arrested
on the street

1320
01:16:08,480 --> 01:16:11,024
by one of our patrolmen close by.

1321
01:16:11,525 --> 01:16:14,528
[reporter] Are they members of the, uh,
Black Muslims?

1322
01:16:14,611 --> 01:16:15,779
I would not know that.

1323
01:16:15,862 --> 01:16:17,864
[siren wailing]

1324
01:16:17,948 --> 01:16:20,617
-[reporter] How do you feel now?
-[man] I wanna kill somebody.

1325
01:16:21,618 --> 01:16:23,537
That's right, I wanna kill somebody.

1326
01:16:24,329 --> 01:16:27,958
Before the night's over, if Malcolm dies,
somebody gonna die.

1327
01:16:29,167 --> 01:16:31,169
[mournful music playing]

1328
01:16:40,220 --> 01:16:41,763
[Herb] He was our manhood.

1329
01:16:42,264 --> 01:16:46,393
He was the--
A milestone, you know, our anchor.

1330
01:16:46,476 --> 01:16:49,855
Malcolm X was the greatest Black man
since Marcus Garvey.

1331
01:16:51,398 --> 01:16:53,525
And when you lost it, you found out

1332
01:16:53,609 --> 01:16:56,028
how really lost you were as a people.

1333
01:16:56,111 --> 01:17:01,742
[crowd singing]
♪ We shall overcome some day ♪

1334
01:17:01,825 --> 01:17:06,288
[reporter 1] Mr. Muhammad,
yesterday in a wire story, uh,

1335
01:17:06,371 --> 01:17:09,916
a Muslim was quoted as saying, uh, that,

1336
01:17:10,000 --> 01:17:12,919
"The chickens had come home
to roost on Malcolm,"

1337
01:17:13,003 --> 01:17:15,005
in reference to Malcolm's
earlier statement

1338
01:17:15,088 --> 01:17:17,633
about the assassination
of President Kennedy.

1339
01:17:17,716 --> 01:17:21,928
Do you feel a Muslim brother
would make such a statement about Malcolm

1340
01:17:22,012 --> 01:17:23,555
upon learning of his death?

1341
01:17:24,181 --> 01:17:25,140
Well, I don't know.

1342
01:17:25,223 --> 01:17:28,769
I know nothing about who it was
any more than you.

1343
01:17:28,852 --> 01:17:31,772
[reporter 2] Has any police force, sir,
asked you for a statement?

1344
01:17:32,272 --> 01:17:33,106
No, sir.

1345
01:17:33,607 --> 01:17:36,360
[reporter 1] Mr. Muhammad, Malcolm,
before he was killed yesterday,

1346
01:17:36,443 --> 01:17:39,529
said the Black Muslims
were trying to kill him.

1347
01:17:39,613 --> 01:17:41,198
Would you comment on that?

1348
01:17:41,281 --> 01:17:42,616
I know nothing about it.

1349
01:17:43,617 --> 01:17:46,411
We're not, uh, violent people.

1350
01:17:46,953 --> 01:17:49,039
This is a shock to us.

1351
01:17:52,584 --> 01:17:55,087
[documentary interviewer]
What do you think happened to Malcolm X?

1352
01:17:55,170 --> 01:17:57,047
-What do I think?
-[documentary interviewer] Yes.

1353
01:18:00,717 --> 01:18:02,135
[mumbling] Uh-- Uh--

1354
01:18:02,219 --> 01:18:04,471
What I know, what happened to him.

1355
01:18:07,432 --> 01:18:09,393
I know he deviated and…

1356
01:18:11,103 --> 01:18:12,270
And he died.

1357
01:18:17,609 --> 01:18:21,071
[Zaheer] It's very easy to tell the story
of the assassination of Malcolm X

1358
01:18:21,154 --> 01:18:24,032
as a story of a dissident

1359
01:18:24,116 --> 01:18:26,952
who leaves a movement
and is punished for that.

1360
01:18:27,744 --> 01:18:30,664
And certainly,
there was definitely bad blood

1361
01:18:30,747 --> 01:18:33,083
between Malcolm and the Nation of Islam.

1362
01:18:33,166 --> 01:18:37,587
-[crowd shouting]
-[whistles blowing]

1363
01:18:40,048 --> 01:18:46,471
[Zaheer] But from what we have been able
to glean from the released FBI files,

1364
01:18:46,555 --> 01:18:51,810
and they have not all been released,
is that the FBI was gleefully

1365
01:18:52,686 --> 01:18:56,148
watching this gap, this split grow,

1366
01:18:57,023 --> 01:19:00,402
and grow bitterly between Malcolm

1367
01:19:01,278 --> 01:19:03,155
and the Nation of Islam.

1368
01:19:05,365 --> 01:19:08,118
The hidden hand
was the federal government.

1369
01:19:08,201 --> 01:19:10,662
They would never let
a white man shoot Malcolm,

1370
01:19:10,746 --> 01:19:13,039
'cause that would have been… catastrophe.

1371
01:19:16,168 --> 01:19:19,838
Now, you always have,
excuse my expression,

1372
01:19:20,422 --> 01:19:25,635
niggas who will sell out
their mother for $2.

1373
01:19:28,388 --> 01:19:30,640
[reporter] Police are everywhere,
on rooftops,

1374
01:19:31,141 --> 01:19:33,351
standing on fire escapes,
in plain clothes,

1375
01:19:33,435 --> 01:19:39,065
and hundreds of New York City policemen
in uniform along 147th Street.

1376
01:19:39,649 --> 01:19:42,235
So far, the last rites for Malcolm X

1377
01:19:42,319 --> 01:19:44,696
are being performed without incident.

1378
01:19:49,451 --> 01:19:51,745
[Ilyasah] My sisters and I lost
our father…

1379
01:19:54,748 --> 01:19:57,501
…but I think for Black people,

1380
01:19:58,001 --> 01:20:02,297
that we lost someone who was brilliant,

1381
01:20:03,632 --> 01:20:05,509
kind, loving,

1382
01:20:06,301 --> 01:20:07,677
very compassionate.

1383
01:20:08,178 --> 01:20:10,096
I think that you have to be

1384
01:20:10,180 --> 01:20:15,018
in order to have
such a profound reaction to injustice.

1385
01:20:17,437 --> 01:20:20,273
[Dr. West] James Baldwin wrote
of Malcolm X,

1386
01:20:20,857 --> 01:20:24,945
"He was the most gentle
and tender man I ever met."

1387
01:20:26,321 --> 01:20:30,909
That's not the image of Malcolm.
But he saw Malcolm relating to Black folk.

1388
01:20:34,955 --> 01:20:38,583
[Shabazz-Allah] He honored his own code
that he taught us.

1389
01:20:43,213 --> 01:20:44,381
Accept death.

1390
01:20:44,881 --> 01:20:46,716
Once you accept death, you're free.

1391
01:20:52,639 --> 01:20:54,933
[reporter] The day before Malcolm X was
to be buried,

1392
01:20:55,016 --> 01:20:58,812
Elijah Muhammad made his first
public appearance since the assassination.

1393
01:20:58,895 --> 01:21:03,066
The Nation's leader was barely visible
behind the human wedge of bodyguards.

1394
01:21:03,984 --> 01:21:08,113
If you would like to follow anyone
against me,

1395
01:21:08,905 --> 01:21:10,115
go ahead and do it.

1396
01:21:10,198 --> 01:21:11,992
-[crowd clamors]
-But your, uh--

1397
01:21:12,075 --> 01:21:14,494
That-- Your end will be pretty bad.

1398
01:21:14,578 --> 01:21:17,414
-[crowd clamors]
-I fear for you.

1399
01:21:17,497 --> 01:21:19,499
[crowd applauds]

1400
01:21:20,625 --> 01:21:23,879
[reporter] Also in Chicago,
participating in the Muslim convention,

1401
01:21:23,962 --> 01:21:26,256
is the heavyweight champion Cassius Clay.

1402
01:21:26,339 --> 01:21:29,259
His adopted Muslim name: Muhammad Ali.

1403
01:21:38,059 --> 01:21:40,979
[Muhammad] Malcolm X
and anybody else who attacks

1404
01:21:41,062 --> 01:21:45,859
or talks about attacking
Elijah Muhammad will die.

1405
01:21:45,942 --> 01:21:50,155
No man can oppose the Messenger
of Almighty God, uh,

1406
01:21:50,238 --> 01:21:52,866
verbally or physically,
and get away with it.

1407
01:21:54,618 --> 01:21:57,245
[Dr. Smith] Muhammad Ali becomes part
of this chorus,

1408
01:21:58,288 --> 01:22:02,959
that anyone who crosses
Elijah Muhammad must die.

1409
01:22:04,336 --> 01:22:06,129
That's the tragedy in all this.

1410
01:22:06,630 --> 01:22:08,131
That Malcolm is the enemy?

1411
01:22:10,216 --> 01:22:14,012
Was Malcolm the enemy
when he brought his family to Miami?

1412
01:22:14,095 --> 01:22:18,767
Did he think that Malcolm was the enemy
when he prayed with him before his fight?

1413
01:22:20,852 --> 01:22:22,228
Malcolm X got famous

1414
01:22:22,312 --> 01:22:25,523
mainly being hard
on people like you, white people.

1415
01:22:25,607 --> 01:22:28,860
White devils,
you blue-eyeded, blond-headed dog.

1416
01:22:29,611 --> 01:22:33,073
Whites cared nothing about Malcolm
nor so-called Negroes

1417
01:22:33,156 --> 01:22:34,950
when he was with
the Honorable Elijah Muhammad,

1418
01:22:35,033 --> 01:22:38,161
but they seem to love and follow
our dead leaders,

1419
01:22:38,244 --> 01:22:42,540
and now they have a dead man
who was nothing but a--

1420
01:22:42,624 --> 01:22:44,668
And he admit himself, Malcolm,

1421
01:22:44,751 --> 01:22:46,795
was a tramp, a…

1422
01:22:48,004 --> 01:22:50,340
Had white women
selling their body for him.

1423
01:22:50,423 --> 01:22:53,885
He was nothing until the Honorable
Elijah Muhammad made him great.

1424
01:22:53,969 --> 01:22:57,055
And if Malcolm X had stayed
with the man that made him great,

1425
01:22:57,138 --> 01:23:00,475
taught him everything he knew,
today, he'd have been big, big, big.

1426
01:23:00,558 --> 01:23:05,230
[people chanting Arabic prayer]

1427
01:23:20,578 --> 01:23:24,332
[Maryum] In '72, my father went to Mecca.

1428
01:23:29,087 --> 01:23:34,509
And that is what got my father
to true Islam.

1429
01:23:35,093 --> 01:23:37,595
Elijah Muhammad,
leader of the Black Muslims,

1430
01:23:37,679 --> 01:23:39,681
died of heart failure today in Chicago.

1431
01:23:39,764 --> 01:23:41,558
He was 77 years old.

1432
01:23:51,735 --> 01:23:55,405
We left the Nation, I believe, around '75.

1433
01:23:55,488 --> 01:23:56,948
I was seven years old.

1434
01:24:06,958 --> 01:24:08,752
[Rahman] My brother was so good.

1435
01:24:13,006 --> 01:24:15,800
See, you gotta be me
to understand how I feel.

1436
01:24:16,968 --> 01:24:20,221
I was the only brother. Only one brother.

1437
01:24:20,722 --> 01:24:22,682
[stammers] Blood brothers.

1438
01:24:23,308 --> 01:24:26,269
I miss him so much,
but I'm going to see him in heaven.

1439
01:24:27,312 --> 01:24:30,023
Oh, I can't wait to see him.
I will hug and kiss him.

1440
01:24:42,911 --> 01:24:46,581
[documentary interviewer] Do you remember
anything that Muhammad Ali regretted?

1441
01:24:50,210 --> 01:24:51,252
Let me think.

1442
01:24:51,336 --> 01:24:53,838
-Let me think a few minutes here.
-[documentary interviewer] Yeah.

1443
01:24:59,010 --> 01:25:01,012
That's a hell of a-- Hell of a question.

1444
01:25:06,518 --> 01:25:08,603
[Herb] So many years are gonna go by,

1445
01:25:08,686 --> 01:25:12,398
and we're always curious about
a generation or two from now,

1446
01:25:12,482 --> 01:25:15,276
and what perceptions are they gonna have,

1447
01:25:15,360 --> 01:25:19,030
what estimations will they have
of Muhammad Ali,

1448
01:25:19,114 --> 01:25:20,573
of Malcolm X?

1449
01:25:21,866 --> 01:25:25,537
You know, what were the trajectories
of their lives, and what did it mean?

1450
01:25:26,496 --> 01:25:28,915
Already we can see it being played out

1451
01:25:28,998 --> 01:25:31,417
in different literature, different films,

1452
01:25:32,293 --> 01:25:33,294
different venues.

1453
01:25:33,378 --> 01:25:35,380
[commentator] Look who gets it next.

1454
01:25:35,463 --> 01:25:37,590
-[crowd cheering]
-[Olympic theme song playing]

1455
01:25:37,674 --> 01:25:39,050
[commentator] The greatest.

1456
01:25:41,010 --> 01:25:46,683
[Dr. Boyd] The Ali that has been
presented to the public

1457
01:25:46,766 --> 01:25:48,768
since 1996

1458
01:25:49,769 --> 01:25:51,104
is a false image.

1459
01:25:51,187 --> 01:25:53,731
They've managed to edit out

1460
01:25:53,815 --> 01:25:59,320
those things that made Muhammad Ali
controversial in another era.

1461
01:25:59,404 --> 01:26:01,406
[Olympic theme song playing]

1462
01:26:03,324 --> 01:26:06,786
[Dr. West] The same people who gave him
a standing ovation in Atlanta…

1463
01:26:06,870 --> 01:26:08,872
[crowd cheering]

1464
01:26:09,455 --> 01:26:11,791
…the same people 20 years earlier

1465
01:26:11,875 --> 01:26:13,543
had talked about him like a dog.

1466
01:26:15,587 --> 01:26:18,298
[Dr. Boyd] He was a strident critic
of white supremacy.

1467
01:26:18,381 --> 01:26:21,634
[Muhammad] And I just don't think
I should go 10,000 miles from here

1468
01:26:21,718 --> 01:26:24,304
and shoot some Black people
who never called me nigger,

1469
01:26:24,387 --> 01:26:28,141
never lynched me, never put dogs on me,
never raped my mama.

1470
01:26:28,224 --> 01:26:30,435
And I think a lot of that got written out

1471
01:26:30,518 --> 01:26:32,520
because of his illness

1472
01:26:32,604 --> 01:26:35,190
and the fact that
he wasn't really able to speak.

1473
01:26:40,320 --> 01:26:43,156
[Malcolm] And even today,
America is still a country

1474
01:26:43,239 --> 01:26:44,824
whose governmental system

1475
01:26:44,908 --> 01:26:49,078
is based upon freedom, justice
and equality for white people only.

1476
01:26:49,579 --> 01:26:53,416
There's no such thing as freedom
in this country for a Black man.

1477
01:26:53,499 --> 01:26:55,752
Malcolm, of course, got killed in '65

1478
01:26:55,835 --> 01:27:01,466
and so people have been
rewriting his narrative ever since.

1479
01:27:04,844 --> 01:27:09,557
First time I went to the post office
to buy Malcolm X stamps, I was conflicted.

1480
01:27:09,641 --> 01:27:11,851
When Malcolm was killed in 1965,

1481
01:27:11,935 --> 01:27:14,229
no one would've imagined
that he would ever be

1482
01:27:14,312 --> 01:27:17,857
on any official product
of the US government.

1483
01:27:18,650 --> 01:27:20,818
Seeing Malcolm on a stamp
is really symbolic

1484
01:27:20,902 --> 01:27:24,906
of how his image changed over time.

1485
01:27:29,160 --> 01:27:31,829
[Herb] To a certain extent,
he still lives with us.

1486
01:27:32,413 --> 01:27:34,332
He hasn't been taken away.

1487
01:27:34,999 --> 01:27:36,668
The spirit of him lives.

1488
01:27:36,751 --> 01:27:38,753
[inspirational music playing]

1489
01:27:40,255 --> 01:27:44,968
[Shabazz-Allah] You can kill a man,
but you can't kill the idea.

1490
01:27:47,345 --> 01:27:51,182
Every junior high school, every college,
every university, all over YouTube,

1491
01:27:51,266 --> 01:27:55,728
they playin' Malcolm's audios and videos
just like he's still here.

1492
01:27:55,812 --> 01:27:58,690
And what he was teaching 50 years ago,

1493
01:27:58,773 --> 01:28:00,942
you see it happening today.

1494
01:28:04,487 --> 01:28:08,992
Black history, American history,
and world history changed

1495
01:28:09,075 --> 01:28:12,161
because of these two guys
that had the nerve

1496
01:28:12,245 --> 01:28:14,414
to be themselves and be bold.

1497
01:28:14,497 --> 01:28:16,749
And that boldness became contagious.

1498
01:28:17,333 --> 01:28:18,918
…it's the two-legged dog that controls…

1499
01:28:19,002 --> 01:28:22,130
[Rev. Sharpton] They defined
a whole generation

1500
01:28:22,213 --> 01:28:25,091
of where we walked
with our heads held high

1501
01:28:25,174 --> 01:28:26,759
and our shoulders back.

1502
01:28:29,595 --> 01:28:33,599
[Maryum] People forget my father
was still this young man in his 20s

1503
01:28:34,100 --> 01:28:36,102
whose eyes was on a championship.

1504
01:28:36,811 --> 01:28:40,732
There are things that Malcolm taught him
that my father kept with him

1505
01:28:41,649 --> 01:28:43,109
until his last day.

1506
01:28:45,069 --> 01:28:48,489
[documentary interviewer]
How did your brother feel about Malcolm X

1507
01:28:48,573 --> 01:28:50,783
after he was assassinated?

1508
01:28:50,867 --> 01:28:55,496
Did he ever talk to you
about regrets or how he felt?

1509
01:28:55,997 --> 01:28:59,334
He never did, but I know my brother. He--

1510
01:28:59,417 --> 01:29:01,169
He felt-- He felt bad.

1511
01:29:02,170 --> 01:29:03,838
It hurt my brother bad, yes.

1512
01:29:07,258 --> 01:29:10,845
[Ilyasah] Once he severed ties
with the Nation of Islam,

1513
01:29:11,596 --> 01:29:14,474
Muhammad Ali reached out to our family.

1514
01:29:15,183 --> 01:29:18,311
I think Muhammad Ali likely felt

1515
01:29:18,394 --> 01:29:21,522
that he owed it to my father

1516
01:29:21,606 --> 01:29:26,986
to make sure that his wife
and his babies were safe

1517
01:29:27,070 --> 01:29:28,488
and that they were okay.

1518
01:29:31,449 --> 01:29:34,702
[Attallah] There was a double take
when I came upon him,

1519
01:29:34,786 --> 01:29:38,081
somewhere between me turning 18, 19 or 20.

1520
01:29:39,916 --> 01:29:41,876
Now looking right into his face--

1521
01:29:41,959 --> 01:29:42,919
You know how he is.

1522
01:29:43,002 --> 01:29:45,296
You know, he gives you
that little dare like, "Is that you?"

1523
01:29:45,380 --> 01:29:46,756
[crowd laughing softly]

1524
01:29:48,341 --> 01:29:49,550
[laughing softly again]

1525
01:29:51,052 --> 01:29:53,971
From the very moment we found one another,

1526
01:29:54,055 --> 01:29:56,140
it was as if no time had passed at all.

1527
01:29:56,808 --> 01:29:58,726
We cried out loud.

1528
01:30:00,686 --> 01:30:05,608
His grief for having not spoken
to my dad before he left.

1529
01:30:06,359 --> 01:30:10,696
Having Muhammad Ali in my life
somehow sustained my dad's breath for me

1530
01:30:11,697 --> 01:30:13,366
just a little while longer,

1531
01:30:14,367 --> 01:30:16,160
[voice breaking] 51 years longer.

1532
01:30:16,244 --> 01:30:17,245
Until now.

1533
01:30:18,162 --> 01:30:19,455
[sobbing]

1534
01:30:20,373 --> 01:30:22,375
[crowd applauds]

1535
01:30:31,050 --> 01:30:33,386
[introspective piano music playing]

1536
01:30:39,851 --> 01:30:43,062
[Muhammad] I upset Sonny Liston,
and I just turned 22 years old.

1537
01:30:43,146 --> 01:30:44,605
I must be the greatest!

1538
01:30:44,689 --> 01:30:46,524
I am the king of the world!

1539
01:30:46,607 --> 01:30:47,483
[crowd cheering]

1540
01:30:49,193 --> 01:30:50,778
[Malcolm] He's my brother and my friend.

1541
01:30:51,696 --> 01:30:54,532
I express what I know
and understand around him,

1542
01:30:54,615 --> 01:30:57,618
but he has a mind of his own,
an understanding of his own.

1543
01:31:01,789 --> 01:31:05,918
[Ilyasah] It was destiny
that they would feel that brotherhood

1544
01:31:06,002 --> 01:31:07,920
and learn together.

1545
01:31:10,923 --> 01:31:13,259
But there were these outside forces

1546
01:31:13,342 --> 01:31:16,304
that prevented them from continuing

1547
01:31:16,387 --> 01:31:19,932
this beautiful relationship
that had started.

1548
01:31:26,105 --> 01:31:28,983
[Hana] We were writing my father's
autobiography, The Soul of a Butterfly,

1549
01:31:29,066 --> 01:31:30,151
it was in 2003,

1550
01:31:31,319 --> 01:31:32,695
I asked him about Malcolm X

1551
01:31:32,778 --> 01:31:35,364
and how he felt about
the relationship and how it ended.

1552
01:31:36,491 --> 01:31:38,743
And I remember,

1553
01:31:38,826 --> 01:31:41,537
my father sat back in his chair
and he closed his eyes…

1554
01:31:44,040 --> 01:31:47,543
…and it took him a little bit to respond,
maybe 10 or 15 seconds,

1555
01:31:47,627 --> 01:31:49,128
and he said to me--

1556
01:31:49,837 --> 01:31:54,091
He said that turning his back on Malcolm
was one of his greatest regrets.

1557
01:31:54,175 --> 01:31:57,803
He wished that he could go back
and tell Malcolm that he was sorry,

1558
01:31:57,887 --> 01:32:00,223
that he loved him, that he was his friend,

1559
01:32:00,306 --> 01:32:02,433
and that he was right
about so many things.

1560
01:32:05,019 --> 01:32:07,855
[Ilyasah] One of the things
that I'll never forget was…

1561
01:32:09,357 --> 01:32:11,901
looking up at Muhammad Ali and asking him,

1562
01:32:13,069 --> 01:32:14,570
"Did you love my father?"

1563
01:32:17,865 --> 01:32:19,825
And him saying,

1564
01:32:21,244 --> 01:32:23,913
"I loved your father with all my heart."

1565
01:32:38,761 --> 01:32:40,763
[jazz music playing]