WEBVTT FILE

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(cattle mooing)
(clattering)

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Downloaded from
YTS.MX

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(flames billowing)

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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX

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(deliberative ambient music)

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- [Translator] Here, we
find out that this is hell,

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not a camp.

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We were at the gates of hell.

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(somber orchestral music)

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- To them, we were not human beings.

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To them, we were just like an animal.

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- My father was taken to one
of the subcamps of Dachau

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and my mother and little brother

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were taken from there to (indistinct),

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to Auschwitz, to Auschwitz.

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Of course, they were killed the same day.

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(somber orchestral music)

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(speaking in foreign language)

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- [Translator] I received a number 106016.

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And from then on, I was no
longer Andrzej Branecki.

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I became that number.

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(somber orchestral music)

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They brought me to Dachau from Zaporizhia

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in October, 1943.

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216 of us were being transported,

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all captives of the Zaporozhian SD prison.

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(speaking in foreign language)

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(somber orchestral music)

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- My friend and I decided to leave Holland

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and get to Great Britain to join the army.

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The only way of getting to the other side

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of the English Channel
was to use an old kayak.

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- The German Army stopped us.

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With our hands behind our heads,

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we were transported from
(indistinct) to (indistinct).

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After that, we were taken to Dachau.

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It turned out that the cars

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are filled primarily with the deceased.

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I wasn't chosen for
the malaria experiments

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because I contracted typhus.

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When I contracted typhoid fever,

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it was already April of 1945.

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(speaking in foreign language)

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(somber orchestral music)

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At the end of January 1943,

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Hitler sent me to the
language corps to Auschwitz.

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The weather soon changed for the worse.

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We began to send an SOS signal.

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Three German boats swam up to us.

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Instead of going to Great Britain,

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we ended up in the
concentration camp Dachau.

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(speaking in foreign language)

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It was said that Dachau
is a place without God.

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(speaking in foreign language)

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I can't believe I survived.

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(Zeira crying)
(somber piano music)

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God bless you that I can
tell you all about it.

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Detained in Annecy

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and subsequently transported
to the camp in Dachau.

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(speaking in foreign language)
(people chattering)

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(suspenseful orchestral music)

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Germany, February 28th, 1933.

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A special ordinance for the
protection of the nation

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and state was put into effect.

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In cases of disloyalty
among German citizens

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towards the Third Reich and the Fuhrer,

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it allowed specific
restrictions to be introduced,

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that of personal freedom,

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right of speech, and
the right to organize.

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Meanwhile, confiscations,
searches, arrests,

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and jail sentences without a trial

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for people suspected of being enemies

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of the German nation
and state were allowed.

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(chanting in foreign language)

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(speaking in foreign language)

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Great times are only beginning.

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Germany has been awakened.

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(speaking in foreign language)

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We have gained power over the country.

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Now, we need to win
over the German people.

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I know my comrades,

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we have been through difficult times

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when you have demanded
changes that never came.

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So we must appeal again and
again to continue the struggle.

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You cannot act alone.

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You must listen.

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You must succumb.

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You have to surrender

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to the overwhelming need for obedience.

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(chanting in foreign language)

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The first German concentration camp

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was built in a small Bavarian town

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a mere 20 kilometers from Munich.

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Dachau was established by Heinrich Himmler

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March 21st, 1933,

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an entire six years before
the start of World War II.

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In the times before the war,

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the prisoners consisted
mainly of the German people,

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enemies of the regime, along
with the clergy, and Jews.

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The layout of the camp was simple.

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The larger areas
surrounded by a brick wall

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was reserved for the prisoners.

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They were kept in 18 long barracks

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with about 200 individuals in each.

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As the war began,

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Dachau became a prototype

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for a rapidly growing number of Nazi camps

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throughout Europe.

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Mauthausen Gusen, Sachsenhausen,

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and Auschwitz were also
based on its construction.

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It wasn't just the concept of such a camp

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that became widespread.

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The building, arrangement, the floor plan,

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even the manner in which
the prisoners were treated

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were the same.

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Before the start of the war,

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Dachau was a training area
for future camp commandants.

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During the war,

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the number of people in the
extremely overpopulated camp

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reached as many as 16,000.

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Hitler's aggressive politics soon expanded

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beyond the borders of the Reich,

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beginning in 1936 with the
German Army occupying Rhineland

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and followed by the annexation of Austria.

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(chanting in foreign language)

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Hitler's next targets,

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Czechoslovakia and Klaipeda County,

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are captured in March, 1939.

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(explosions blasting)

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His attack on Poland
on September 1st, 1939,

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marks the beginning of World War II.

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(aircraft whirring)
(orchestral music)

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(speaking in foreign language)

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I received my ordination of
priesthood June 3rd, 1939.

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And I was appointed as vicar in Klebowiec,

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three kilometers away from the
former Polish German border.

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When the war began,

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I remember the rector
asking Governor (indistinct)

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what the people should do.

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The governor said that those who are young

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and able to join the army should escape.

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- 1939, my life was turned upside down

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when the Nazis occupied our city of Loich.

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(aircraft whirring)
(orchestral music)

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(speaking in foreign language)

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- [Translator] Two soldiers burst in.

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They arrested me and took
me to Germany as a hostage.

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They they forced me to
sign a document stating

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that if something happens
to a German in Klebowiec

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or the surrounding area,

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I am to be shot.

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(somber orchestral music)

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(explosions blasting)
(orchestral music)

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Europe waits.

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(explosions blasting)
(orchestral music)

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(singing in foreign language)

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Warsaw surrenders September 28th.

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A large bus with barred windows

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left the former Wittelsbach
Square in Munich.

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Feeling melancholic,

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my mind drifted to the memory
of saying goodbye to my wife.

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I could still see her teary-eyed face.

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For as soon as the bus
passed (indistinct),

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it turned off the road that
led to the city Dachau.

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You entered through a wide gate,

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holding up a sign that read
(speaking in foreign language).

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(intense orchestral music)

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The Germans used terror and persecution

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to create strict order in
the occupied territories.

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(soft choral music)

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The remaining morale was to
be crushed by the radical

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and ruthless politics of the master race.

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You will be my witnesses,

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Archbishop Kazimierz Majdanski.

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The arrest take place in stages

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according to a code known
only to the almighty Gestapo.

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There are 43 of us,

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clergy professors as well
as seminary educators,

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curialists, parish priests, and reverends.

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A plan to destroy the
Polish clergy is underway.

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The concept applied to
powerful social classes,

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namely the clergy,

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and those who as priests

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had a large influence on the society.

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- One day in 1940, they
brought out 40 people,

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everyone I knew to a gallows.

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At that gallows, I saw the butcher,

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the plumber, the (indistinct), the author,

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the doctor, the lawyer,
all of them known to me.

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But one of the things
that I'll never forget

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because we had to stand there watching

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as hangings were going on

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and what they were doing

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every time they put the
noose around the neck.

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They asked, "Is the noose too tight?"

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And then they would
hang each individually.

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But the bad part about it is

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I had to watch my own teacher being hung

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while all of us have been
standing around for hours

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watching this as the
Germans were filming it,

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taking pictures, and
laughing the entire time.

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(speaking in foreign language)

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- [Translator] At night,

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we were transported to a train

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and put into cattle cars.

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Where are we going?

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No one knows.

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And then the older priests said

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they now know where we are headed.

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We are headed towards Dachau.

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- When they marched in,

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they gave us 10 minutes
to leave the main city

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and pushed us into a place

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which was an old part of the city.

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Filthy, dirty.

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230,000 people were pushed

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into a place of four square kilometers.

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If that wasn't enough,

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children under the age of 10

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were not allowed to be in the city.

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They told us all the children under 10

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will be sent to a colony.

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but they didn't really do.

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With those children,

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they sent him to a gas
chamber in (indistinct).

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I was lucky because my
father had the foresight.

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- Those camps were not
extermination camps,

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but every second, people died,

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because it was impossible to stay alive.

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(intense orchestral music)

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- And ever since,

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I've been calling my father the angel

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because he saved me from calamity.

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He saved me from troubles.

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The example that I gave,

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he changed my age, that
I was born in 1927.

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Because having a birthday in 1927,

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I could go ahead and
have a passport to work.

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I worked as a cloth
cutter for four and a half

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or something like that years,

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from 1940 until 1944.

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(intense orchestral music)

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(speaking in foreign language)

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- [Translator] I spent
24 hours in Terezin,

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six weeks in Birkenau and (indistinct).

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Within five weeks,

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I had already lost eight
members of my family.

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Only one of my brothers survived the war.

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The rest died in the gas chambers.

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- The true journey was long,

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but we still didn't know
where we were going.

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We arrived at a place called Auschwitz.

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(somber orchestral music)

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We still didn't know what it was

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00:17:16.450 --> 00:17:19.093
because all we saw was a selection ramp.

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I was selected to go with
my mother, and my brother,

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and the younger cousins,
and all the women.

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My father had the foresight
to have a copy of my documents

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which was one, the work permit,

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and the other one was the
registration with the Gestapo

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to prove that I was born
in 1927, that I was strong,

262
00:17:48.460 --> 00:17:52.123
I worked for German
authorities all this time.

263
00:17:53.517 --> 00:17:56.050
(speaking in foreign language)

264
00:17:56.050 --> 00:17:58.280
- [Translator] I had no idea where I was.

265
00:17:58.280 --> 00:17:59.220
For the next few days,

266
00:17:59.220 --> 00:18:01.500
the only things I thought about

267
00:18:01.500 --> 00:18:04.563
were that I was locked
up and I didn't know why.

268
00:18:12.380 --> 00:18:14.910
I was arrested for being part

269
00:18:14.910 --> 00:18:16.780
of a communist guerilla division

270
00:18:17.740 --> 00:18:20.513
of an anti-fascist group.

271
00:18:27.179 --> 00:18:30.346
(explosions blasting)

272
00:18:31.530 --> 00:18:33.970
On January 6th, 1944,

273
00:18:33.970 --> 00:18:37.303
Soviet soldiers cross the
former borders of Poland.

274
00:18:41.843 --> 00:18:43.620
(speaking in foreign language)

275
00:18:43.620 --> 00:18:45.410
We were sent out of Warsaw

276
00:18:45.410 --> 00:18:48.453
when the Soviet Army was
approaching the Vistula.

277
00:18:49.310 --> 00:18:53.445
We walked 120 kilometers in wooden shoes.

278
00:18:53.445 --> 00:18:56.090
(speaking in foreign language)

279
00:18:56.090 --> 00:18:58.540
We went by foot from
Warsaw to (indistinct).

280
00:18:58.540 --> 00:19:00.758
We were very thirsty.

281
00:19:00.758 --> 00:19:05.288
Our whole group descended
under a bridge by the Vistula.

282
00:19:05.288 --> 00:19:07.510
And when we began drinking the water,

283
00:19:07.510 --> 00:19:10.560
the Nazis began shooting at us.

284
00:19:10.560 --> 00:19:12.890
The water was like blood.

285
00:19:12.890 --> 00:19:15.120
It was red from the blood.

286
00:19:15.120 --> 00:19:19.037
(speaking in foreign language)

287
00:19:22.290 --> 00:19:23.780
We waited for the train,

288
00:19:23.780 --> 00:19:25.980
and August 6th, 1944,

289
00:19:25.980 --> 00:19:28.625
we arrived here to Dachau.

290
00:19:28.625 --> 00:19:32.650
(intense orchestral music)

291
00:19:32.650 --> 00:19:35.603
June 6th, the allies land in Normandy.

292
00:19:37.292 --> 00:19:40.459
(explosions blasting)

293
00:19:44.560 --> 00:19:45.980
A growing number of prisoners

294
00:19:45.980 --> 00:19:49.140
evacuated from camps
situated near the war zone

295
00:19:49.140 --> 00:19:51.723
are being transferred to Dachau.

296
00:19:51.723 --> 00:19:55.380
(speaking in foreign language)

297
00:19:55.380 --> 00:19:57.883
Around 1,000 left
Frankfurt for Buchenwald.

298
00:19:58.960 --> 00:20:01.110
Only 350 made it.

299
00:20:01.110 --> 00:20:03.530
The rest were shot on the way.

300
00:20:03.530 --> 00:20:06.370
Those who had no more strength to walk

301
00:20:06.370 --> 00:20:07.820
laid down in a ditch.

302
00:20:07.820 --> 00:20:09.650
And the first of the SS men

303
00:20:09.650 --> 00:20:13.523
who walked after every
three rows would shoot them.

304
00:20:14.372 --> 00:20:17.955
(intense orchestral music)

305
00:20:19.470 --> 00:20:22.170
It turned out that the cars are filled

306
00:20:22.170 --> 00:20:24.780
primarily with the deceased.

307
00:20:24.780 --> 00:20:26.880
Very few remained alive.

308
00:20:26.880 --> 00:20:28.840
When they opened the doors,

309
00:20:28.840 --> 00:20:30.300
they gave us a choice,

310
00:20:30.300 --> 00:20:32.946
camp or crematorium.

311
00:20:32.946 --> 00:20:35.560
(intense orchestral music)

312
00:20:35.560 --> 00:20:37.860
(explosions blasting)

313
00:20:37.860 --> 00:20:41.369
The Warsaw Uprising
breaks out on August 1st,

314
00:20:41.369 --> 00:20:44.536
(explosions blasting)

315
00:20:52.480 --> 00:20:55.570
forcing the Germans to
begin deporting residents

316
00:20:55.570 --> 00:20:58.013
of suburban towns near Warsaw.

317
00:20:59.000 --> 00:21:04.000
(people chattering)
(orchestral music)

318
00:21:15.004 --> 00:21:15.837
(doors clattering)

319
00:21:15.837 --> 00:21:19.420
(intense orchestral music)

320
00:21:34.420 --> 00:21:36.580
Here, we find out that this is hell,

321
00:21:36.580 --> 00:21:37.930
not a camp.

322
00:21:37.930 --> 00:21:39.803
We were at the gates of hell.

323
00:21:40.732 --> 00:21:41.920
(speaking in foreign language)

324
00:21:41.920 --> 00:21:45.410
It was said that Dachau
is a place without God,

325
00:21:45.410 --> 00:21:48.500
that the cruelty there was so terrifying,

326
00:21:48.500 --> 00:21:50.810
the savagery so horrendous,

327
00:21:50.810 --> 00:21:53.160
that it was impossible to believe

328
00:21:53.160 --> 00:21:55.630
that man could act this way

329
00:21:55.630 --> 00:21:59.327
and be so brutal towards another human.

330
00:21:59.327 --> 00:22:03.244
(speaking in foreign language)

331
00:22:06.980 --> 00:22:09.070
They took us 10 at a time,

332
00:22:09.070 --> 00:22:10.590
made us undress.

333
00:22:10.590 --> 00:22:14.370
Only suspenders and
handkerchiefs were allowed.

334
00:22:14.370 --> 00:22:18.540
After the shower, we received
new numbers, each his own.

335
00:22:18.540 --> 00:22:22.093
I got 11424.

336
00:22:23.980 --> 00:22:26.800
I walked naked with
only a number in my hand

337
00:22:26.800 --> 00:22:27.850
to the next lavatory.

338
00:22:35.158 --> 00:22:39.150
Clothes were already
prepared and set on a bench.

339
00:22:39.150 --> 00:22:42.400
It was a short fustian
shirt with blue stripes

340
00:22:42.400 --> 00:22:44.470
and a few holes here and there.

341
00:22:44.470 --> 00:22:46.250
I felt that everything

342
00:22:46.250 --> 00:22:48.780
but my mind and heart had underwent

343
00:22:48.780 --> 00:22:51.793
some kind of bizarre transformation.

344
00:22:51.793 --> 00:22:52.800
(speaking in foreign language)

345
00:22:52.800 --> 00:22:57.010
I arrived at Dachau on April 26th of 1945

346
00:22:57.010 --> 00:23:00.263
and I was already sick with typhus.

347
00:23:02.050 --> 00:23:05.440
A prisoner has no rights
other than the right to die.

348
00:23:05.440 --> 00:23:07.090
For him, liberation and freedom

349
00:23:07.090 --> 00:23:10.204
means passing through the
chimney of the crematorium.

350
00:23:10.204 --> 00:23:13.470
The law is equality before
death of starvation,

351
00:23:13.470 --> 00:23:16.260
exhaustion, or of other causes.

352
00:23:16.260 --> 00:23:19.500
Who you were and how you had lived

353
00:23:19.500 --> 00:23:22.180
has to be immediately forgotten.

354
00:23:22.180 --> 00:23:24.370
Here, you are just a number.

355
00:23:24.370 --> 00:23:27.568
The instinct of self-preservation
should show the prisoner

356
00:23:27.568 --> 00:23:31.480
ways to instantly adapt
to the circumstances

357
00:23:31.480 --> 00:23:34.960
and surroundings with no
objection or criticism.

358
00:23:34.960 --> 00:23:37.240
It is best not to think.

359
00:23:37.240 --> 00:23:41.110
Here, those who cannot
handle the mental stress

360
00:23:41.110 --> 00:23:43.991
are generally the ones to die.

361
00:23:43.991 --> 00:23:47.574
(intense orchestral music)

362
00:23:51.991 --> 00:23:55.320
- Most people who are survivors,

363
00:23:55.320 --> 00:23:57.193
they call themselves prisoners.

364
00:23:58.760 --> 00:24:03.173
I don't use that word because
we were slave laborers.

365
00:24:05.090 --> 00:24:07.040
The Germans needed us

366
00:24:07.040 --> 00:24:09.890
because most of the
Germans were on the front.

367
00:24:09.890 --> 00:24:11.050
(speaking in foreign language)

368
00:24:11.050 --> 00:24:13.740
- [Translator] Father
Wincenty Frelichowski

369
00:24:13.740 --> 00:24:14.803
was in my chamber.

370
00:24:16.320 --> 00:24:19.083
He was known for being
very religious and calm.

371
00:24:21.930 --> 00:24:26.190
In the evenings as we laid down to sleep,

372
00:24:26.190 --> 00:24:28.683
he would lead us in evening prayer.

373
00:24:30.750 --> 00:24:33.880
He even had the Holy Sacrament

374
00:24:33.880 --> 00:24:35.643
with which he would bless us all.

375
00:24:37.850 --> 00:24:40.370
Then when typhus broke out,

376
00:24:40.370 --> 00:24:42.470
people were dying in the barrack.

377
00:24:42.470 --> 00:24:44.260
For the sick, what to do?

378
00:24:44.260 --> 00:24:46.370
He said, "I'll go."

379
00:24:46.370 --> 00:24:48.330
And he went and preached

380
00:24:48.330 --> 00:24:50.513
and prepared the sick for death.

381
00:24:51.890 --> 00:24:55.640
He contracted the disease there and died.

382
00:24:55.640 --> 00:24:57.190
- Daily life in concentration camp.

383
00:24:57.190 --> 00:24:59.571
Get up five o'clock in the morning.

384
00:24:59.571 --> 00:25:00.960
Appellplatz, (speaking
in foreign language).

385
00:25:01.970 --> 00:25:04.350
They were torturing you for a couple hours

386
00:25:04.350 --> 00:25:07.070
and then we had to go to work.

387
00:25:07.070 --> 00:25:10.520
12 hours work a day without food.

388
00:25:10.520 --> 00:25:13.190
Only when we came back in the evening,

389
00:25:13.190 --> 00:25:15.620
appellplatz again, torturing again,

390
00:25:15.620 --> 00:25:19.370
and then got some soup
and a slice of bread,

391
00:25:19.370 --> 00:25:20.363
some margarine.

392
00:25:22.871 --> 00:25:24.850
(speaking in foreign language)

393
00:25:24.850 --> 00:25:27.453
- [Translator] The day in
the life of a prisoner.

394
00:25:28.470 --> 00:25:31.520
Wake up at 5:00 a.m.,

395
00:25:31.520 --> 00:25:34.283
shower, then make the bed.

396
00:25:36.240 --> 00:25:40.470
After receiving nothing but black coffee,

397
00:25:40.470 --> 00:25:43.593
you march to the roll call square,

398
00:25:44.700 --> 00:25:48.125
where standing in rows,

399
00:25:48.125 --> 00:25:53.125
the inmates are meticulously counted.

400
00:25:53.608 --> 00:25:57.583
(speaking in foreign language)

401
00:25:57.583 --> 00:26:00.320
- We had to be counted on the appellplatz

402
00:26:00.320 --> 00:26:02.580
to count how many people died

403
00:26:02.580 --> 00:26:04.323
and how many people are alive.

404
00:26:05.297 --> 00:26:06.980
(speaking in foreign language)

405
00:26:06.980 --> 00:26:10.000
- [Translator] After
a thorough inspection,

406
00:26:10.000 --> 00:26:12.188
the kapo would sound a whistle,

407
00:26:12.188 --> 00:26:13.940
(whistle blowing)

408
00:26:13.940 --> 00:26:16.310
and every prisoner would head out

409
00:26:16.310 --> 00:26:18.253
to their designated work area.

410
00:26:20.116 --> 00:26:21.897
- And when the German
officer was satisfied

411
00:26:26.570 --> 00:26:29.080
that the numbers were the
same as the day before

412
00:26:29.080 --> 00:26:31.770
between the deadlines and the live ones,

413
00:26:31.770 --> 00:26:33.059
we started to march.

414
00:26:33.059 --> 00:26:34.867
(dog barking)

415
00:26:34.867 --> 00:26:37.017
And we came to a place
called (indistinct).

416
00:26:37.915 --> 00:26:39.160
In (indistinct),

417
00:26:39.160 --> 00:26:43.083
they were building a
special underground factory.

418
00:26:44.165 --> 00:26:45.710
(speaking in foreign language)

419
00:26:45.710 --> 00:26:47.870
- [Translator] We were
placed in block four.

420
00:26:47.870 --> 00:26:52.810
We were young, 14, 15, 13 years old.

421
00:26:52.810 --> 00:26:56.070
They designated us to work
in the sewing workshop

422
00:26:56.070 --> 00:26:59.048
where we were taught how
to patch camp clothing.

423
00:26:59.048 --> 00:27:00.960
(speaking in foreign language)

424
00:27:00.960 --> 00:27:03.433
There was a kapo in the sewing workshop.

425
00:27:04.300 --> 00:27:05.330
He was a Russian.

426
00:27:05.330 --> 00:27:08.620
One time, the chief's jumper went missing

427
00:27:08.620 --> 00:27:10.523
and the kapo pointed to me.

428
00:27:12.137 --> 00:27:13.476
As punishment,

429
00:27:13.476 --> 00:27:16.720
the chief move me to barrack number nine

430
00:27:16.720 --> 00:27:20.250
where those six typhus were located.

431
00:27:20.250 --> 00:27:23.890
Among the bedridden were
Polish and Czech priests,

432
00:27:23.890 --> 00:27:28.033
Russians, and people of
different nationalities.

433
00:27:29.001 --> 00:27:32.918
(speaking in foreign language)

434
00:27:35.720 --> 00:27:40.180
The worst unit was the one
that collected the dead.

435
00:27:40.180 --> 00:27:42.870
You would have to ride
from barrack to barrack

436
00:27:42.870 --> 00:27:46.263
in a very large vehicle
and gather the bodies.

437
00:27:47.630 --> 00:27:50.683
I served in this unit for 14 days.

438
00:27:55.258 --> 00:27:58.841
(intense orchestral music)

439
00:28:02.312 --> 00:28:04.880
- You didn't get any food.

440
00:28:04.880 --> 00:28:06.827
You didn't get any water.

441
00:28:06.827 --> 00:28:08.540
And it didn't work fast enough,

442
00:28:08.540 --> 00:28:09.843
they would beat you.

443
00:28:09.843 --> 00:28:11.550
(speaking in foreign language)

444
00:28:11.550 --> 00:28:14.430
- [Translator] There were
many cruel punishments.

445
00:28:14.430 --> 00:28:16.830
During the most painful one,

446
00:28:16.830 --> 00:28:19.760
prisoners were taken to the bath area

447
00:28:20.630 --> 00:28:25.090
where they were hung on
special hooks by their hands.

448
00:28:25.090 --> 00:28:29.313
You could hear drops of
sweat falling on the floor.

449
00:28:31.900 --> 00:28:35.390
- I stole a piece of bread
from the German officer

450
00:28:35.390 --> 00:28:38.680
that I saw or maybe he
was just a plain soldier

451
00:28:38.680 --> 00:28:40.380
that he laid it down on the table.

452
00:28:41.329 --> 00:28:43.140
And I was punished for that.

453
00:28:43.140 --> 00:28:46.547
- [Translator] Stanislaw
Gresiuk in his book recalls,

454
00:28:46.547 --> 00:28:49.540
"I once had a dreadful
encounter next to that chest.

455
00:28:49.540 --> 00:28:50.373
Inside it,

456
00:28:50.373 --> 00:28:51.720
I found a large amount of paper

457
00:28:51.720 --> 00:28:53.830
thickly covered in cheese curd.

458
00:28:53.830 --> 00:28:55.960
I snatched some of it, turned around,

459
00:28:55.960 --> 00:28:58.460
and walked straight into an SS man.

460
00:28:58.460 --> 00:29:00.980
At first, he beat me calmly and steadily.

461
00:29:00.980 --> 00:29:04.530
However, he gradually became
more eager with his blows.

462
00:29:04.530 --> 00:29:06.060
He became vicious.

463
00:29:06.060 --> 00:29:08.730
He grabbed a peg thicker
than a leg of a table

464
00:29:08.730 --> 00:29:10.320
and beat me with it.

465
00:29:10.320 --> 00:29:12.530
When I saw him with foam in his mouth

466
00:29:12.530 --> 00:29:14.050
hitting me with the peg,

467
00:29:14.050 --> 00:29:17.910
I thought he had gone mad and
now he was going to kill me.

468
00:29:17.910 --> 00:29:21.660
Not for a moment did I think
it would end in any other way.

469
00:29:21.660 --> 00:29:23.010
There were SS men

470
00:29:23.010 --> 00:29:25.890
who would commit to
killing 10 people a day,

471
00:29:25.890 --> 00:29:26.983
and they did.

472
00:29:30.290 --> 00:29:33.660
In order to increase the
efficiency of the German soldier,

473
00:29:33.660 --> 00:29:35.310
Headquarters of the Third Reich

474
00:29:35.310 --> 00:29:38.740
commissioned a series of
pseudo-medical experiments.

475
00:29:38.740 --> 00:29:39.850
Returning to our block,

476
00:29:39.850 --> 00:29:42.260
we were met with the horrible surprise.

477
00:29:42.260 --> 00:29:44.870
While being inspected by the oberkapo

478
00:29:44.870 --> 00:29:46.740
of the camp hospital, Zimmermann,

479
00:29:46.740 --> 00:29:49.160
who often worked as a local surgeon,

480
00:29:49.160 --> 00:29:52.864
he ordered the numbers of the
chosen prisoners to be noted.

481
00:29:52.864 --> 00:29:54.180
(speaking in foreign language)

482
00:29:54.180 --> 00:29:55.940
As we're standing there,

483
00:29:55.940 --> 00:29:59.330
he selects 10 to 15 young
people from our unit

484
00:30:00.310 --> 00:30:03.290
and takes them to the camp hospital

485
00:30:03.290 --> 00:30:05.773
where they become guinea pigs.

486
00:30:07.460 --> 00:30:10.340
An eerie stillness hung over the room.

487
00:30:10.340 --> 00:30:13.180
Within me, a dead silence.

488
00:30:13.180 --> 00:30:17.900
Healthy prisoners were
injected with phlegmon and oil.

489
00:30:19.650 --> 00:30:21.340
They began to draw numbers.

490
00:30:21.340 --> 00:30:24.130
Once they finished, the
chosen ones were taken away.

491
00:30:24.130 --> 00:30:25.310
Where did they go?

492
00:30:25.310 --> 00:30:28.650
First, on an operating
table, it was quick.

493
00:30:28.650 --> 00:30:31.690
An SS man painfully
punctured the right thigh,

494
00:30:31.690 --> 00:30:34.310
a powerful injection.

495
00:30:34.310 --> 00:30:37.893
(intense orchestral music)

496
00:31:09.418 --> 00:31:10.570
(aircraft whirring)

497
00:31:10.570 --> 00:31:12.640
The Luftwaffe commissions experiments

498
00:31:12.640 --> 00:31:15.880
that are potentially useful
for the German Air Force.

499
00:31:15.880 --> 00:31:19.000
A large amount of prisoners
die in brutal ways.

500
00:31:19.000 --> 00:31:22.650
Doctors gather information
about pressure chamber tests

501
00:31:22.650 --> 00:31:27.283
and how long humans are capable
of survival in cold water.

502
00:31:28.540 --> 00:31:32.893
Healthy patients were frozen
in pools with cold water.

503
00:31:33.890 --> 00:31:37.163
They were testing how humans
react to cold temperatures.

504
00:31:38.763 --> 00:31:42.346
(intense orchestral music)

505
00:31:45.090 --> 00:31:49.040
Approximately 6,000 prisoners
took part in the experiments,

506
00:31:49.040 --> 00:31:53.450
of which as many as 2,000
people did not survive.

507
00:31:53.450 --> 00:31:56.220
Harsh conditions and massive
overcrowding in the camp

508
00:31:56.220 --> 00:31:59.963
by the end of the war caused
the outbreak of typhoid fever.

509
00:32:03.290 --> 00:32:04.730
Starting with a high fever,

510
00:32:04.730 --> 00:32:07.600
severe headaches, and rapid breathing,

511
00:32:07.600 --> 00:32:09.750
after about five days,

512
00:32:09.750 --> 00:32:12.730
the illness causes
substantial weight loss,

513
00:32:12.730 --> 00:32:14.663
usually leading to death.

514
00:32:18.678 --> 00:32:22.261
- At the end almost
before liberation time,

515
00:32:23.650 --> 00:32:26.023
I contracted typhoid fever.

516
00:32:27.920 --> 00:32:28.873
You call it typhus.

517
00:32:32.219 --> 00:32:34.240
Again, my father, the angel,

518
00:32:34.240 --> 00:32:38.573
managed to save me because
there was no medicine.

519
00:32:39.490 --> 00:32:41.500
After his working day,

520
00:32:41.500 --> 00:32:45.763
he would come at night to
the special sick barrack

521
00:32:45.763 --> 00:32:47.983
and bring me a cup of hot water.

522
00:32:49.890 --> 00:32:53.140
And that's what saved me was the hot water

523
00:32:53.140 --> 00:32:55.833
on a daily basis for almost two weeks.

524
00:32:58.230 --> 00:32:59.840
- [Translator] Spring of 1945,

525
00:32:59.840 --> 00:33:02.523
the American Army is closing in on Munich.

526
00:33:05.070 --> 00:33:06.140
Under Himmler's orders,

527
00:33:06.140 --> 00:33:09.564
no prisoner can fall into
the hands of the enemy alive.

528
00:33:09.564 --> 00:33:10.580
(speaking in foreign language)

529
00:33:10.580 --> 00:33:12.270
Before our release,

530
00:33:12.270 --> 00:33:14.900
I was part of a group in Dachau

531
00:33:14.900 --> 00:33:17.993
whose goal was to contact
the American Army.

532
00:33:19.250 --> 00:33:21.130
We begged them to come

533
00:33:21.130 --> 00:33:24.250
and free the camp as quickly as they could

534
00:33:25.154 --> 00:33:27.253
because we did not know what lay ahead,

535
00:33:28.090 --> 00:33:30.503
life or extermination.

536
00:33:32.410 --> 00:33:34.360
(explosions blasting)

537
00:33:34.360 --> 00:33:37.540
The sounds of guns and
machine guns filled the camp.

538
00:33:37.540 --> 00:33:40.826
Countless SS men
reinforced the watchtowers.

539
00:33:40.826 --> 00:33:43.370
(speaking in foreign language)

540
00:33:43.370 --> 00:33:45.650
I escaped from the unit with my friend

541
00:33:45.650 --> 00:33:47.533
near the city of Wolfratshausen.

542
00:33:48.680 --> 00:33:51.540
The unit continued
forward towards the Alps

543
00:33:51.540 --> 00:33:54.090
where it would reach its
destination, (indistinct).

544
00:33:56.360 --> 00:33:59.330
My friend told me that when
we reached the mountains,

545
00:33:59.330 --> 00:34:01.202
they would kill us.

546
00:34:01.202 --> 00:34:05.680
We knew the war was ending
and we needed to survive,

547
00:34:05.680 --> 00:34:06.683
so we ran.

548
00:34:07.848 --> 00:34:11.765
(speaking in foreign language)

549
00:34:13.390 --> 00:34:14.350
Morning came

550
00:34:14.350 --> 00:34:16.300
and blocks still capable of walking

551
00:34:16.300 --> 00:34:18.800
gathered on the main square.

552
00:34:18.800 --> 00:34:21.290
People were saying the
camp was being evacuated

553
00:34:21.290 --> 00:34:23.160
to the Tyrol mountains,

554
00:34:23.160 --> 00:34:25.470
a journey to be made on foot.

555
00:34:25.470 --> 00:34:27.970
The square was covered
in piles of garbage,

556
00:34:27.970 --> 00:34:30.150
clothes, fires, and junk.

557
00:34:30.150 --> 00:34:31.690
Documents from (indistinct)

558
00:34:31.690 --> 00:34:35.060
and prisoner files were
being hastily burned.

559
00:34:35.060 --> 00:34:37.960
Allies' spy planes were
circling above the camp,

560
00:34:37.960 --> 00:34:41.020
destroying the local
lines of communication,

561
00:34:41.020 --> 00:34:44.160
attacking columns of
troops and motor vehicles.

562
00:34:44.160 --> 00:34:47.540
Each prisoner had two rolled
up blankets and a package.

563
00:34:47.540 --> 00:34:50.090
No food for the journey was distributed.

564
00:34:50.090 --> 00:34:51.430
After a few hours,

565
00:34:51.430 --> 00:34:53.860
we were ordered to head
back to our blocks.

566
00:34:53.860 --> 00:34:55.870
Saturday morning, once more,

567
00:34:55.870 --> 00:34:57.990
we gathered in the main square

568
00:34:57.990 --> 00:35:02.212
and told that there would
be no further evacuation.

569
00:35:02.212 --> 00:35:05.100
(explosions blasting)

570
00:35:05.100 --> 00:35:07.080
Owing to the ongoing battles,

571
00:35:07.080 --> 00:35:09.250
the slowly retreating German Army

572
00:35:09.250 --> 00:35:13.029
cannot execute a proper
evacuation of the camp

573
00:35:13.029 --> 00:35:18.029
(orchestral music)
(explosions blasting)

574
00:35:28.650 --> 00:35:30.930
Headquarters makes an
equally dreadful decision

575
00:35:30.930 --> 00:35:33.000
to follow through with Himmler's order

576
00:35:33.000 --> 00:35:34.830
and at all costs prevent prisoners

577
00:35:34.830 --> 00:35:37.373
from falling into the hands of the allies.

578
00:35:38.233 --> 00:35:39.620
(speaking in foreign language)

579
00:35:39.620 --> 00:35:40.800
April 29th,

580
00:35:40.800 --> 00:35:44.803
it turned out that we were all
supposed to be exterminated.

581
00:35:46.070 --> 00:35:48.420
Traveling commands would constantly return

582
00:35:48.420 --> 00:35:50.880
to say the camp is surrounded,

583
00:35:50.880 --> 00:35:52.330
that behind its walls,

584
00:35:52.330 --> 00:35:54.870
there is only chaos and panic.

585
00:35:54.870 --> 00:35:56.380
Everyone is fleeing,

586
00:35:56.380 --> 00:35:58.850
even external sectors working in companies

587
00:35:58.850 --> 00:36:01.063
and establishments located near the camp.

588
00:36:08.780 --> 00:36:13.190
Thousands of prisoners starved, dirty,

589
00:36:13.190 --> 00:36:17.025
and exhausted had become mere shadows.

590
00:36:17.025 --> 00:36:20.608
(intense orchestral music)

591
00:36:23.700 --> 00:36:27.890
Suddenly at 5:30 p.m. in the
closest area of the camp,

592
00:36:27.890 --> 00:36:29.795
a shootout erupted.

593
00:36:29.795 --> 00:36:32.712
(gunfire blasting)

594
00:36:40.790 --> 00:36:43.600
- I was with the 20th Armored Division.

595
00:36:43.600 --> 00:36:48.000
We came into the camp on April 29th, 1945.

596
00:36:48.000 --> 00:36:49.810
- [Translator] When the American soldiers

597
00:36:49.810 --> 00:36:51.030
entered through the gate,

598
00:36:51.030 --> 00:36:56.020
they had no idea they were
crossing over into another world,

599
00:36:56.020 --> 00:36:59.640
a world where the human
life was insignificant.

600
00:36:59.640 --> 00:37:02.941
- Our tank smashed the barbed wire

601
00:37:02.941 --> 00:37:07.840
and the infantry from the
42nd and 45th Divisions

602
00:37:07.840 --> 00:37:10.000
rode in on top of our tanks.

603
00:37:10.000 --> 00:37:10.990
- [Translator] We didn't see it

604
00:37:10.990 --> 00:37:14.450
until we actually got to
the barbed wire fence.

605
00:37:14.450 --> 00:37:16.220
It was very quiet.

606
00:37:16.220 --> 00:37:18.260
Nothing was happening.

607
00:37:18.260 --> 00:37:21.400
Many of our men became distraught.

608
00:37:21.400 --> 00:37:24.357
Some cried while others raged.

609
00:37:24.357 --> 00:37:27.940
(intense orchestral music)

610
00:37:39.014 --> 00:37:40.310
- It was incredible.

611
00:37:40.310 --> 00:37:42.270
We had no idea what was here.

612
00:37:42.270 --> 00:37:44.315
The whole thing was a surprise.

613
00:37:44.315 --> 00:37:47.815
(somber orchestral music)

614
00:37:59.035 --> 00:38:02.618
(intense orchestral music)

615
00:38:09.470 --> 00:38:10.730
- [Translator] When we got to the camp,

616
00:38:10.730 --> 00:38:14.970
the first thing we saw was
a string of 39 railway cars

617
00:38:14.970 --> 00:38:17.670
all filled with human bodies.

618
00:38:17.670 --> 00:38:19.430
All dead.

619
00:38:19.430 --> 00:38:24.290
I think there were
about 2,000 dead bodies.

620
00:38:24.290 --> 00:38:25.713
It stunned us.

621
00:38:26.590 --> 00:38:29.070
The men were looking pretty mad.

622
00:38:29.070 --> 00:38:31.800
They were hardened combat veterans.

623
00:38:31.800 --> 00:38:33.430
They didn't say much,

624
00:38:33.430 --> 00:38:35.053
but there was a lot of cursing,

625
00:38:36.060 --> 00:38:37.820
quite a bit of silence,

626
00:38:37.820 --> 00:38:39.613
and some men started crying.

627
00:38:41.194 --> 00:38:43.660
(speaking in foreign language)

628
00:38:43.660 --> 00:38:48.370
Suddenly, I see SS men from
the tower near barrack 28

629
00:38:48.370 --> 00:38:51.113
firing shots at American soldiers.

630
00:38:51.960 --> 00:38:53.300
A moment later,

631
00:38:53.300 --> 00:38:57.060
they cease fire and hang up a white flag.

632
00:38:57.060 --> 00:38:58.857
They are surrendering.

633
00:39:01.734 --> 00:39:05.234
(somber orchestral music)

634
00:39:20.449 --> 00:39:21.788
- [Male Speaker] Dachau
concentration camp,

635
00:39:21.788 --> 00:39:23.301
Professor Popovitch.

636
00:39:23.301 --> 00:39:24.922
Yugoslavian.

637
00:39:24.922 --> 00:39:28.710
- I earned my BA at the
University of Cambridge,

638
00:39:28.710 --> 00:39:32.160
a Doctorate of Philosophy
at the University of London,

639
00:39:32.160 --> 00:39:35.223
and the Professor of English
in the University of Belgrade.

640
00:39:36.100 --> 00:39:41.100
I was put into prison by
the German authorities

641
00:39:43.005 --> 00:39:47.140
as soon as they arrived to Belgrade.

642
00:39:47.140 --> 00:39:52.140
The reason for my arrest was
that I was an anglophile.

643
00:39:53.700 --> 00:39:56.120
I was actually before the war

644
00:39:56.120 --> 00:39:58.980
General Secretary of
the Society of Friends

645
00:39:58.980 --> 00:40:02.220
of Great Britain and
America in Yugoslavia.

646
00:40:02.220 --> 00:40:05.743
And the co-editor of an
anglophile periodical

647
00:40:06.808 --> 00:40:08.297
called (indistinct).

648
00:40:08.297 --> 00:40:11.797
(somber orchestral music)

649
00:40:27.220 --> 00:40:28.520
- [Translator] All of a sudden,

650
00:40:28.520 --> 00:40:32.160
a few American soldiers
burst through the camp gate

651
00:40:32.160 --> 00:40:34.050
and entered the square.

652
00:40:34.050 --> 00:40:36.960
A crowd of prisoners emerged
from various hideouts

653
00:40:36.960 --> 00:40:40.930
and ran towards them with
screams of joy and excitement.

654
00:40:40.930 --> 00:40:43.360
They cheered as they carried their saviors

655
00:40:43.360 --> 00:40:44.680
around the square.

656
00:40:44.680 --> 00:40:45.760
- They were just wonderful.

657
00:40:45.760 --> 00:40:47.700
They gave us a big hug and everything.

658
00:40:47.700 --> 00:40:49.420
They couldn't believe we were here

659
00:40:49.420 --> 00:40:52.410
and that their terrible
time had come to an end.

660
00:40:52.410 --> 00:40:55.520
- [Translator] 32,000
tormented starving prisoners

661
00:40:55.520 --> 00:40:59.390
mad with bliss falling
into each other's arms,

662
00:40:59.390 --> 00:41:01.550
kissing, crying.

663
00:41:01.550 --> 00:41:03.270
The slavery is over.

664
00:41:03.270 --> 00:41:06.713
Long live the victorious American
Army that brought freedom.

665
00:41:08.539 --> 00:41:12.039
(somber orchestral music)

666
00:41:28.200 --> 00:41:31.066
- We saw and talked to many prisoners.

667
00:41:31.066 --> 00:41:33.400
We were told not to feed them too much.

668
00:41:33.400 --> 00:41:35.152
They would get sick.

669
00:41:35.152 --> 00:41:38.652
(somber orchestral music)

670
00:41:51.724 --> 00:41:55.474
We were able to walk
down to the crematorium.

671
00:41:56.743 --> 00:42:00.243
(somber orchestral music)

672
00:42:07.291 --> 00:42:10.550
- The wording was freeze
the prisoners in place

673
00:42:10.550 --> 00:42:12.905
so that they would not get out.

674
00:42:12.905 --> 00:42:17.340
Many of them had typhus and
they needed medical attention.

675
00:42:17.340 --> 00:42:19.290
They needed food, they needed care,

676
00:42:19.290 --> 00:42:21.210
and they didn't need
to spread out all over

677
00:42:21.210 --> 00:42:23.433
the camp and the town.

678
00:42:25.130 --> 00:42:25.990
(speaking in foreign language)

679
00:42:25.990 --> 00:42:28.190
- [Translator] When the
Americans entered the camp,

680
00:42:28.190 --> 00:42:30.830
they were terrified by what they saw.

681
00:42:30.830 --> 00:42:33.200
They said they had never before witnessed

682
00:42:33.200 --> 00:42:36.883
the type of savagery that
took place in Dachau.

683
00:42:37.720 --> 00:42:41.473
They said that Dachau
and death are synonymous.

684
00:42:42.920 --> 00:42:44.320
- We were allowed to walk around

685
00:42:44.320 --> 00:42:45.510
and say hello to people,

686
00:42:45.510 --> 00:42:47.020
give them some food.

687
00:42:47.020 --> 00:42:49.630
And then our officers came

688
00:42:49.630 --> 00:42:52.170
and said we had to get
out of the camp and go on.

689
00:42:52.170 --> 00:42:55.642
And we captured Munich at that point.

690
00:42:55.642 --> 00:42:59.142
(somber orchestral music)

691
00:43:03.730 --> 00:43:08.489
- Many years ago now when I
was in the forces to Belsen

692
00:43:08.489 --> 00:43:12.804
and I can remember seeing the
chairs covered in human skin,

693
00:43:12.804 --> 00:43:15.810
and the large vats of fat

694
00:43:15.810 --> 00:43:20.810
which would have been boiled for fuel,

695
00:43:20.881 --> 00:43:25.881
and large mounds which said
here lie toten 500,000 people.

696
00:43:28.595 --> 00:43:32.095
(somber orchestral music)

697
00:44:43.373 --> 00:44:44.350
(speaking in foreign language)

698
00:44:44.350 --> 00:44:47.350
- [Translator] I survived
this only because of God,

699
00:44:47.350 --> 00:44:51.241
because I kept praying
to return to Warsaw.

700
00:44:51.241 --> 00:44:55.158
(speaking in foreign language)

701
00:44:56.110 --> 00:44:58.974
I can't believe I survived.

702
00:44:58.974 --> 00:45:03.974
(Zeira crying)
(orchestral music)

703
00:45:04.150 --> 00:45:08.292
God bless you that I can
tell you all about it.

704
00:45:08.292 --> 00:45:11.875
(intense orchestral music)

705
00:45:12.940 --> 00:45:16.930
Finding themselves in
this dreadful situation

706
00:45:16.930 --> 00:45:20.343
and having to live in
awful camp conditions,

707
00:45:21.320 --> 00:45:24.730
many prisoners lost faith in God,

708
00:45:24.730 --> 00:45:27.160
while others felt his presence

709
00:45:27.160 --> 00:45:29.333
and strengthened their belief.

710
00:45:30.478 --> 00:45:32.210
- When it started, I was 13.

711
00:45:32.210 --> 00:45:34.650
And when the war ended, I was 17,

712
00:45:34.650 --> 00:45:37.100
so you can imagine four years as a kid

713
00:45:37.100 --> 00:45:40.550
in several concentration
camps without parents,

714
00:45:40.550 --> 00:45:42.810
without food, hard labor.

715
00:45:42.810 --> 00:45:44.720
And I'm still alive.

716
00:45:44.720 --> 00:45:46.151
Today, I'm 82.

717
00:45:46.151 --> 00:45:47.760
It's a miracle.

718
00:45:47.760 --> 00:45:50.370
- After the war, I asked the same question

719
00:45:50.370 --> 00:45:52.500
and I still ask the same question today

720
00:45:52.500 --> 00:45:53.550
of the German people.

721
00:45:54.950 --> 00:45:59.950
How is it possible that
an educated country,

722
00:46:02.870 --> 00:46:07.870
an educated people with
great history behind them,

723
00:46:10.520 --> 00:46:13.637
how could they allow this to happen?

724
00:46:14.660 --> 00:46:18.160
(somber orchestral music)

725
00:46:21.081 --> 00:46:22.610
(speaking in foreign language)

726
00:46:22.610 --> 00:46:25.930
- [Translator] What happened
in Dachau was inhumane.

727
00:46:25.930 --> 00:46:29.150
People were hanged, used
in medical experiments.

728
00:46:29.150 --> 00:46:31.013
They were cruelly tormented.

729
00:46:35.870 --> 00:46:38.200
- How was it possible to tell

730
00:46:39.160 --> 00:46:40.940
that you didn't know anything about it,

731
00:46:40.940 --> 00:46:45.613
that you never saw us when
you say us on a daily basis?

732
00:46:48.060 --> 00:46:53.060
There is no answer other
than they were forced,

733
00:46:54.200 --> 00:46:56.583
but they didn't care.

734
00:46:58.170 --> 00:47:01.420
I think it's more that
they really didn't care

735
00:47:01.420 --> 00:47:03.263
because we were not Germans.

736
00:47:05.022 --> 00:47:07.477
We were just slaves and numbers.

737
00:47:10.081 --> 00:47:13.581
(somber orchestral music)

738
00:47:54.097 --> 00:47:57.097
(soft choral music)

739
00:48:45.440 --> 00:48:46.990
- [Translator] The
people from nearby cities

740
00:48:46.990 --> 00:48:48.740
were forced to enter the camp

741
00:48:49.600 --> 00:48:52.083
to see the true face of Adolf Hitler.

742
00:48:57.210 --> 00:48:59.130
Soldiers were ordered to document

743
00:48:59.130 --> 00:49:02.150
everything they found in the camp

744
00:49:02.150 --> 00:49:05.060
so nobody would ever question the terror

745
00:49:05.060 --> 00:49:09.650
and savagery that took place
in German concentration camps.

746
00:49:09.650 --> 00:49:13.150
(somber orchestral music)

747
00:50:09.748 --> 00:50:14.498
(moves to deliberative orchestral music)