1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:02,126 --> 00:00:03,001 [TV static drones] 3 00:00:03,085 --> 00:00:06,293 [bright tone] 4 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 5 00:00:14,085 --> 00:00:17,043 [soft dramatic music] 6 00:00:17,126 --> 00:00:24,001 ♪ ♪ 7 00:00:24,085 --> 00:00:27,335 [seagulls crying] 8 00:00:27,418 --> 00:00:31,502 ♪ ♪ 9 00:00:31,585 --> 00:00:34,502 - This journey really started back in 2011. 10 00:00:34,585 --> 00:00:37,460 We'd been living in China for about five years 11 00:00:37,543 --> 00:00:40,001 traveling and reporting for "The Atlantic" magazine. 12 00:00:40,085 --> 00:00:43,210 ♪ ♪ 13 00:00:43,293 --> 00:00:45,043 When we came back to the U.S., 14 00:00:45,126 --> 00:00:48,210 we wanted to look at our own country the same way. 15 00:00:48,293 --> 00:00:51,543 - We're coming back at the end of the recession. 16 00:00:51,627 --> 00:00:53,835 America was still trying to find its balance, 17 00:00:53,919 --> 00:00:56,085 trying to find its way back. 18 00:00:56,168 --> 00:00:59,085 We decided to go out and see what was going on 19 00:00:59,168 --> 00:01:02,210 in small-town or even big-town America. 20 00:01:02,293 --> 00:01:03,543 - We were looking for towns 21 00:01:03,627 --> 00:01:05,752 that had some kind of story to tell. 22 00:01:05,835 --> 00:01:07,752 Something had happened to them, 23 00:01:07,835 --> 00:01:11,877 often involving some economic shock. 24 00:01:11,960 --> 00:01:14,210 - Jim put a posting on his blog... 25 00:01:14,293 --> 00:01:16,543 - Saying, "Tell us the story of your town." 26 00:01:16,627 --> 00:01:19,669 Within a week, we got a thousand essays, 27 00:01:19,752 --> 00:01:20,669 people saying... 28 00:01:20,752 --> 00:01:22,043 - Not just, "Come to my town," 29 00:01:22,126 --> 00:01:23,877 but, "Here's the story of my town. 30 00:01:23,960 --> 00:01:25,418 "Here's the passion of my town. 31 00:01:25,502 --> 00:01:27,627 Here's why you have to come and visit my town." 32 00:01:27,710 --> 00:01:30,377 - "Here is why the story of my town 33 00:01:30,460 --> 00:01:33,168 is the American story of this era." 34 00:01:33,251 --> 00:01:35,960 - We thought there must be something going on in America 35 00:01:36,043 --> 00:01:39,377 that so many people wanted to talk about their hometowns. 36 00:01:39,460 --> 00:01:41,418 ♪ ♪ 37 00:01:41,502 --> 00:01:43,251 We had a little plane 38 00:01:43,335 --> 00:01:45,919 that we'd been flying for about 20 years 39 00:01:46,001 --> 00:01:48,752 and thought, "This would be a great way to go to places 40 00:01:48,835 --> 00:01:52,460 where you can only get to easily in a small plane." 41 00:01:52,543 --> 00:01:56,043 We decided to do what we had always done in China. 42 00:01:56,126 --> 00:01:59,460 Go out, get connected with not what you'd find 43 00:01:59,543 --> 00:02:02,251 in the national media, but what we would find 44 00:02:02,335 --> 00:02:05,251 in the daily lives of people in these towns. 45 00:02:05,335 --> 00:02:10,168 ♪ ♪ 46 00:02:10,251 --> 00:02:13,418 - We went to these places before the pandemic, 47 00:02:13,502 --> 00:02:18,001 but what we saw about how towns rise and fall 48 00:02:18,085 --> 00:02:23,126 and fight to recover has a lot to say to our world right now 49 00:02:23,210 --> 00:02:26,335 as we try to create a new future for ourselves. 50 00:02:26,418 --> 00:02:28,960 [aircraft engine droning] 51 00:02:29,043 --> 00:02:36,043 ♪ ♪ 52 00:02:42,585 --> 00:02:46,460 [person vocalizing] 53 00:02:46,543 --> 00:02:53,585 ♪ ♪ 54 00:03:33,293 --> 00:03:34,835 - When people ask me where I'm from, 55 00:03:34,919 --> 00:03:37,377 I always say I'm from California. 56 00:03:37,460 --> 00:03:40,877 They say, "Well, where?" and I say, "Near Los Angeles." 57 00:03:40,960 --> 00:03:41,877 They say, "Well, where?" 58 00:03:41,960 --> 00:03:45,168 I say, "Well, from the Inland Empire." 59 00:03:45,251 --> 00:03:47,919 And that will stop 'em because the Inland Empire 60 00:03:48,001 --> 00:03:50,043 is a place that people don't know. 61 00:03:50,126 --> 00:03:53,043 [soft dramatic music] 62 00:03:53,126 --> 00:03:56,585 ♪ ♪ 63 00:03:56,669 --> 00:03:58,710 Start driving inland from Los Angeles 64 00:03:58,794 --> 00:04:00,418 towards Palm Springs. 65 00:04:00,502 --> 00:04:01,710 You get to the area where 66 00:04:01,794 --> 00:04:03,919 it's much flatter, it's much hotter. 67 00:04:04,001 --> 00:04:06,919 It's sort of just the fringe of the Mojave Desert. 68 00:04:07,001 --> 00:04:09,085 ♪ ♪ 69 00:04:09,168 --> 00:04:12,627 People in Los Angeles or San Francisco would think 70 00:04:12,710 --> 00:04:14,752 that's where the hicks of California live 71 00:04:14,835 --> 00:04:16,752 and just zoom on through 72 00:04:16,835 --> 00:04:20,460 when they see what looks like some sun-blasted hellscape. 73 00:04:20,543 --> 00:04:24,418 ♪ ♪ 74 00:04:24,502 --> 00:04:29,710 I think being from here has really shaped my self-image 75 00:04:29,794 --> 00:04:32,251 as a sense of being from a place 76 00:04:32,335 --> 00:04:34,919 most people have either never heard of 77 00:04:35,001 --> 00:04:38,627 or if they have heard of it, they often look down on it. 78 00:04:38,710 --> 00:04:42,460 I knew growing up how proud people in our town were 79 00:04:42,543 --> 00:04:44,794 of a place everybody else thought of 80 00:04:44,877 --> 00:04:48,251 just as drive-through country or flyover country. 81 00:04:48,335 --> 00:04:50,585 As Deb and I have gone to other parts of the country, 82 00:04:50,669 --> 00:04:52,585 I feel as if, "Yeah, I know what it's like 83 00:04:52,669 --> 00:04:53,710 "here in South Dakota. 84 00:04:53,794 --> 00:04:55,960 I know what it's like here in West Virginia"-- 85 00:04:56,043 --> 00:05:00,251 the same pride and awareness of how you're seen. 86 00:05:00,335 --> 00:05:04,126 ♪ ♪ 87 00:05:04,210 --> 00:05:06,001 My own hometown is Redlands, 88 00:05:06,085 --> 00:05:09,460 which is near Riverside, which is growing, 89 00:05:09,543 --> 00:05:14,168 and San Bernardino, which used to be the economic powerhouse 90 00:05:14,251 --> 00:05:16,085 of the Inland Empire. 91 00:05:16,168 --> 00:05:19,710 ♪ ♪ 92 00:05:19,794 --> 00:05:21,585 But San Bernardino was brought down 93 00:05:21,669 --> 00:05:26,001 by a long string of problems and seriously bad luck. 94 00:05:26,085 --> 00:05:27,418 How many cities 95 00:05:27,502 --> 00:05:31,752 have had an interstate highway literally move away from them? 96 00:05:31,835 --> 00:05:38,877 ♪ ♪ 97 00:05:42,877 --> 00:05:44,669 - When Jim was growing up, 98 00:05:44,752 --> 00:05:47,210 this was Norton Air Force Base. 99 00:05:47,293 --> 00:05:50,001 [engines roaring] 100 00:05:50,085 --> 00:05:54,502 At its peak, Norton supported 12,000 jobs 101 00:05:54,585 --> 00:05:56,293 and poured a couple of billion dollars 102 00:05:56,377 --> 00:05:58,043 into the surrounding towns. 103 00:05:58,126 --> 00:06:01,043 ♪ ♪ 104 00:06:01,126 --> 00:06:04,043 The base closed in '94. 105 00:06:04,126 --> 00:06:06,543 Now it's home to a scrapyard for old planes 106 00:06:06,627 --> 00:06:09,669 that will never fly again. 107 00:06:09,752 --> 00:06:11,335 After all its losses, 108 00:06:11,418 --> 00:06:16,168 San Bernardino declared bankruptcy in 2012. 109 00:06:16,251 --> 00:06:19,335 [engine droning] 110 00:06:19,418 --> 00:06:22,418 ♪ ♪ 111 00:06:22,502 --> 00:06:25,877 - I've spent most of my life in San Bernardino. 112 00:06:25,960 --> 00:06:28,085 This place was thriving when the base was open. 113 00:06:28,168 --> 00:06:29,543 When the base closed down, 114 00:06:29,627 --> 00:06:32,502 it put us in an economic chokehold. 115 00:06:32,585 --> 00:06:34,085 San Bernardino gets a black eye 116 00:06:34,168 --> 00:06:36,126 because, you know, we had the terrorist shootings. 117 00:06:36,210 --> 00:06:39,710 There's a lot of gang activity. 118 00:06:39,794 --> 00:06:42,001 So this is the neighborhood that we live in. 119 00:06:42,085 --> 00:06:46,460 [boxing gloves slapping, person shouting] 120 00:06:46,543 --> 00:06:48,335 - This is Project Fighting Chance. 121 00:06:48,418 --> 00:06:50,418 We have five national champions, 122 00:06:50,502 --> 00:06:53,001 a junior Olympic gold medalist. 123 00:06:53,085 --> 00:06:55,919 We're a safe haven. We feed the kids. 124 00:06:56,001 --> 00:06:58,043 We have a chess club. We have a art program. 125 00:06:58,126 --> 00:07:00,085 - Can I get a light blue? 126 00:07:00,168 --> 00:07:02,877 - We have our Guitars Not Guns program. 127 00:07:02,960 --> 00:07:05,543 [laid-back guitar music] 128 00:07:05,627 --> 00:07:07,251 - I knew there was a catch. 129 00:07:07,335 --> 00:07:09,919 - [chuckles] There's always a catch, buddy. 130 00:07:10,001 --> 00:07:11,919 - They think, "Oh, this is just a boxing gym." 131 00:07:12,001 --> 00:07:13,877 But that's far from the truth. 132 00:07:13,960 --> 00:07:15,669 We are trying to be a part 133 00:07:15,752 --> 00:07:18,585 of fixing what needs to be fixed around here. 134 00:07:18,669 --> 00:07:21,585 [soft dramatic music] 135 00:07:21,669 --> 00:07:24,377 [birds singing] 136 00:07:24,460 --> 00:07:26,919 ♪ ♪ 137 00:07:27,001 --> 00:07:28,752 - A lot of America's citrus fruits 138 00:07:28,835 --> 00:07:31,377 come from the Inland Empire. 139 00:07:31,460 --> 00:07:33,126 ♪ ♪ 140 00:07:33,210 --> 00:07:34,585 The groves and packing houses 141 00:07:34,669 --> 00:07:36,251 have relied on immigrant workers 142 00:07:36,335 --> 00:07:39,043 and been a source of jobs for them. 143 00:07:39,126 --> 00:07:42,460 - When I grew up in Mexico, we barely could afford shoes. 144 00:07:42,543 --> 00:07:46,669 My dad picked the family up, we traveled to California. 145 00:07:46,752 --> 00:07:50,835 I've been in the citrus business for 45 years. 146 00:07:50,919 --> 00:07:52,669 I started when I was 15 years old. 147 00:07:52,752 --> 00:07:55,794 Now I am the manager at Redlands Foothill Groves 148 00:07:55,877 --> 00:07:58,168 and probably the biggest grower. 149 00:08:05,210 --> 00:08:10,126 The people that work here, 99% are immigrant people. 150 00:08:10,210 --> 00:08:13,794 They do go back to Mexico, like, mainly for Christmas. 151 00:08:13,877 --> 00:08:16,460 But we have employees that have been with us 152 00:08:16,543 --> 00:08:19,502 over 30 years, and that's really hard to find. 153 00:08:21,043 --> 00:08:24,669 I've seen a big change in the last two, three years. 154 00:08:24,752 --> 00:08:26,794 We used to have people waiting in line 155 00:08:26,877 --> 00:08:28,752 to go and pick in the field. 156 00:08:28,835 --> 00:08:32,001 Right now if I need two people by tomorrow, 157 00:08:32,085 --> 00:08:35,502 I'll be lucky to get one if I do. 158 00:08:35,585 --> 00:08:38,335 The lack of labor is forcing us a lot 159 00:08:38,418 --> 00:08:41,293 to look for automatic machines. 160 00:08:41,377 --> 00:08:43,335 I know of one packing house, 161 00:08:43,418 --> 00:08:46,502 they run almost with no people now-- 162 00:08:46,585 --> 00:08:48,919 all automatic. 163 00:08:50,794 --> 00:08:53,710 [train horn blaring] 164 00:08:58,752 --> 00:09:02,210 ♪ ♪ 165 00:09:02,293 --> 00:09:04,543 - A huge amount of the stuff we all buy 166 00:09:04,627 --> 00:09:07,502 is made in Asia, shipped through LA, 167 00:09:07,585 --> 00:09:09,293 then brought to the Inland Empire 168 00:09:09,377 --> 00:09:11,251 for distribution to the rest of the country. 169 00:09:11,335 --> 00:09:13,710 ♪ ♪ 170 00:09:13,794 --> 00:09:18,585 Land here is flat and cheap-- perfect for warehouses. 171 00:09:18,669 --> 00:09:20,877 For San Bernardino to get back on its feet, 172 00:09:20,960 --> 00:09:23,418 new jobs for warehouse workers, 173 00:09:23,502 --> 00:09:25,752 delivery people, and truckers are critical. 174 00:09:25,835 --> 00:09:27,710 ♪ ♪ 175 00:09:27,794 --> 00:09:29,168 But those jobs are also 176 00:09:29,251 --> 00:09:32,543 the ones most at risk for being automated. 177 00:09:32,627 --> 00:09:34,752 - We're expecting that the future of automation 178 00:09:34,835 --> 00:09:37,001 will attack specifically those jobs. 179 00:09:37,085 --> 00:09:40,669 Think about self-driving trucks... 180 00:09:40,752 --> 00:09:43,335 the levels of automation in the warehouses, 181 00:09:43,418 --> 00:09:46,085 office, sales jobs, restaurants-- 182 00:09:46,168 --> 00:09:49,377 income inequality will worsen. 183 00:09:49,460 --> 00:09:52,543 So, if we don't manage to get an area like San Bernardino 184 00:09:52,627 --> 00:09:56,251 back on its feet, it will be really troublesome, 185 00:09:56,335 --> 00:09:58,085 because then all the other areas 186 00:09:58,168 --> 00:10:01,251 will also get into economic hardship. 187 00:10:01,335 --> 00:10:02,919 [train horn blares] 188 00:10:03,001 --> 00:10:05,377 And just think about what will happen 189 00:10:05,460 --> 00:10:08,919 if places like Minnesota or Michigan in the winter 190 00:10:09,001 --> 00:10:10,919 see large levels of unemployment 191 00:10:11,001 --> 00:10:14,085 and possibly forced homelessness 192 00:10:14,168 --> 00:10:15,585 for economic reasons. 193 00:10:15,669 --> 00:10:18,585 They're not going to stay in Michigan in January. 194 00:10:18,669 --> 00:10:20,960 They will come south into the sun. 195 00:10:21,043 --> 00:10:27,669 ♪ ♪ 196 00:10:34,418 --> 00:10:35,794 - We've seen homelessness 197 00:10:35,877 --> 00:10:38,001 everywhere we've been in the U.S. 198 00:10:38,085 --> 00:10:41,585 It's especially bad in California. 199 00:10:41,669 --> 00:10:45,585 Volunteers in San Bernardino take part in an annual census 200 00:10:45,669 --> 00:10:48,627 to count people experiencing homelessness. 201 00:10:48,710 --> 00:10:52,835 It's a national program called in the Point-in-Time Count. 202 00:10:52,919 --> 00:10:54,585 - Good morning. all: Good morning. 203 00:10:54,669 --> 00:10:57,377 Everybody nice and warm? Ready to hit the streets here? 204 00:10:57,460 --> 00:10:59,919 I cannot thank you enough for what you're doing 205 00:11:00,001 --> 00:11:03,418 so we can help those people that are out there. 206 00:11:03,502 --> 00:11:04,752 Without you counting them, 207 00:11:04,835 --> 00:11:06,960 showing us where they are, who they are, 208 00:11:07,043 --> 00:11:10,001 we can't get the resources to them to help them. 209 00:11:10,085 --> 00:11:11,168 - Hello. Good morning. 210 00:11:11,251 --> 00:11:13,168 - Good morning, sir. - Good morning, sir. 211 00:11:13,251 --> 00:11:15,835 - Be extremely careful. You're waking somebody up. 212 00:11:15,919 --> 00:11:18,001 Maybe you're walking into a camp. 213 00:11:18,085 --> 00:11:20,251 Just like somebody walking into your living room, 214 00:11:20,335 --> 00:11:24,168 that's their little, sacred area. 215 00:11:24,251 --> 00:11:26,043 - Would you mind taking a survey with us? 216 00:11:26,126 --> 00:11:27,126 - Sure. 217 00:11:27,210 --> 00:11:28,669 - We have a film crew from HBO here. 218 00:11:28,752 --> 00:11:31,460 Would you mind getting filmed? - No. 219 00:11:34,502 --> 00:11:36,043 And how old are you? 220 00:11:36,126 --> 00:11:38,043 - 63. - Okay. 221 00:11:38,126 --> 00:11:39,752 Did you sleep outdoors last night? 222 00:11:39,835 --> 00:11:41,210 - Of course. 223 00:11:41,293 --> 00:11:44,960 I've been homeless 25 years. - Wow. 224 00:11:45,043 --> 00:11:48,168 - I can't be indoors. I don't know how to be indoors. 225 00:11:48,251 --> 00:11:50,710 - Do you have any income? 226 00:11:50,794 --> 00:11:53,919 - Retirement. - Disability? Oh, retirement? 227 00:11:54,001 --> 00:11:55,251 How much per month would you say? 228 00:11:55,335 --> 00:11:57,001 - 300. 229 00:11:57,085 --> 00:12:01,085 - I'm 60 years old. August 21, 1958. 230 00:12:01,168 --> 00:12:04,877 - Oh, okay. Hispanic or Latina? 231 00:12:04,960 --> 00:12:07,210 - Azteca Mexicana, Cherokee Indian, 232 00:12:07,293 --> 00:12:08,210 San Bernardino. 233 00:12:08,293 --> 00:12:10,043 - Native American. Okay. 234 00:12:10,126 --> 00:12:13,168 Do you have a spouse or partner who is also homeless 235 00:12:13,251 --> 00:12:14,168 and living with you? 236 00:12:14,251 --> 00:12:15,543 - No. - No? 237 00:12:15,627 --> 00:12:17,502 - I'm by myself. - Mm. 238 00:12:19,085 --> 00:12:21,168 Have you tested positive for HIV? 239 00:12:21,251 --> 00:12:22,543 - No. 240 00:12:22,627 --> 00:12:24,210 - Are you experiencing homelessness 241 00:12:24,293 --> 00:12:26,210 because you're fleeing domestic violence? 242 00:12:26,293 --> 00:12:28,335 - No. My mother died. 243 00:12:30,085 --> 00:12:32,001 - A new application that we're using 244 00:12:32,085 --> 00:12:36,377 is the ArcGIS 123 created by Esri. 245 00:12:36,460 --> 00:12:40,418 We are able to send live data right there and then. 246 00:12:40,502 --> 00:12:42,752 - And that data is broadcast up to a cloud, 247 00:12:42,835 --> 00:12:44,627 aggregated so we can see patterns 248 00:12:44,710 --> 00:12:47,085 and relationships of homelessness on a map 249 00:12:47,168 --> 00:12:48,293 and on a dashboard. 250 00:12:48,377 --> 00:12:51,251 These inform government leaders about the severity 251 00:12:51,335 --> 00:12:53,293 of what's going on in the field. 252 00:12:53,377 --> 00:12:56,585 And the dots on maps can be "inquiried." 253 00:12:56,669 --> 00:12:59,085 - Social services receive that information right away 254 00:12:59,168 --> 00:13:02,377 so they are able to able to reach out to these clients. 255 00:13:02,460 --> 00:13:06,460 - So we had someone that was homeless for 40 years 256 00:13:06,543 --> 00:13:07,460 that we helped. 257 00:13:07,543 --> 00:13:09,251 And it took them a long time, 258 00:13:09,335 --> 00:13:10,627 but they're living in an apartment. 259 00:13:10,710 --> 00:13:12,085 - It takes a while, yeah. 260 00:13:12,168 --> 00:13:14,752 But, you know, like, I can't afford no place. 261 00:13:14,835 --> 00:13:16,669 - No, but we have affordable housing. 262 00:13:16,752 --> 00:13:18,502 Is that something that you would be open to? 263 00:13:18,585 --> 00:13:22,001 - At $300 a month? - It's only 30% of your income. 264 00:13:22,085 --> 00:13:28,293 ♪ ♪ 265 00:13:28,377 --> 00:13:29,919 - Thank you very much for your time. 266 00:13:30,001 --> 00:13:31,627 - Thank you. Thank you for your time. 267 00:13:31,710 --> 00:13:33,502 - Here is a little goodie bag for you. 268 00:13:33,585 --> 00:13:35,627 - Thank you, ladies. Thank you. - Thank you for your time. 269 00:13:35,710 --> 00:13:38,460 - We're gonna leave this bag with you, okay? 270 00:13:38,543 --> 00:13:41,460 ♪ ♪ 271 00:13:41,543 --> 00:13:43,919 Well, my name's Maria. - Okay. 272 00:13:44,001 --> 00:13:47,835 Just a homeless guy. 273 00:13:47,919 --> 00:13:54,877 ♪ ♪ 274 00:14:12,835 --> 00:14:15,669 - Through American history, 275 00:14:15,752 --> 00:14:18,001 the idea of getting off the farm, 276 00:14:18,085 --> 00:14:19,543 getting out of the little village, 277 00:14:19,627 --> 00:14:21,877 going to the big city, testing yourself, 278 00:14:21,960 --> 00:14:24,543 has been one of the big themes. 279 00:14:24,627 --> 00:14:26,502 There's a reason why everybody has heard about New York. 280 00:14:26,585 --> 00:14:27,460 If you can make it there, 281 00:14:27,543 --> 00:14:29,710 you can make it anywhere, et cetera. 282 00:14:29,794 --> 00:14:32,126 It's slipped from public awareness 283 00:14:32,210 --> 00:14:34,085 how many people in America 284 00:14:34,168 --> 00:14:38,168 feel as if they could be performing anyplace, 285 00:14:38,251 --> 00:14:40,043 but they place they really want to perform 286 00:14:40,126 --> 00:14:42,001 is either where they started out 287 00:14:42,085 --> 00:14:44,835 or some other place they feel is their responsibility. 288 00:14:44,919 --> 00:14:46,877 And they want to be there not just because 289 00:14:46,960 --> 00:14:49,043 it has great restaurants or great street life, 290 00:14:49,126 --> 00:14:50,710 but because they can help create 291 00:14:50,794 --> 00:14:53,043 great street life there. 292 00:14:53,126 --> 00:14:55,210 In this town of Redlands, where I started out, 293 00:14:55,293 --> 00:14:57,877 a lot of the virtues of the way it is now 294 00:14:57,960 --> 00:15:00,585 is because people who could've been anyplace 295 00:15:00,669 --> 00:15:02,043 made that decision. 296 00:15:02,126 --> 00:15:06,669 - It's not a passive activity to be a part of a community. 297 00:15:06,752 --> 00:15:08,669 ♪ ♪ 298 00:15:08,752 --> 00:15:11,877 One of the things about Redlands I fell in love with 299 00:15:11,960 --> 00:15:15,210 is how people engage. 300 00:15:15,293 --> 00:15:17,085 - Clint Brown works at Esri, 301 00:15:17,168 --> 00:15:20,919 which makes the app used in the homeless count. 302 00:15:21,001 --> 00:15:23,126 Esri is a computer mapping company 303 00:15:23,210 --> 00:15:27,418 that adds a billion dollars a year to the local economy. 304 00:15:27,502 --> 00:15:30,418 - Why is this company here and not in Seattle 305 00:15:30,502 --> 00:15:32,085 or San Francisco or Boston 306 00:15:32,168 --> 00:15:33,126 or Brooklyn? 307 00:15:33,210 --> 00:15:34,085 - Oh, simple answer. 308 00:15:34,168 --> 00:15:36,460 We came from Redlands. 309 00:15:36,543 --> 00:15:39,085 We find it's a much better place to live-- 310 00:15:39,168 --> 00:15:40,251 smaller towns. 311 00:15:40,335 --> 00:15:42,210 much more affordable for our employees, 312 00:15:42,293 --> 00:15:43,919 can actually afford a home, 313 00:15:44,001 --> 00:15:48,627 a much richer culture, and a pace of life which is human. 314 00:15:48,710 --> 00:15:55,460 ♪ ♪ 315 00:15:55,543 --> 00:15:57,710 - When the French writer Tocqueville toured America 316 00:15:57,794 --> 00:16:00,335 200 years ago, what amazed him most 317 00:16:00,418 --> 00:16:03,877 was that everyone seemed to be involved in everything. 318 00:16:03,960 --> 00:16:05,877 [indistinct chatter] 319 00:16:05,960 --> 00:16:09,168 I'm struck by that same thing in my town of Redlands. 320 00:16:09,251 --> 00:16:10,752 ♪ ♪ 321 00:16:10,835 --> 00:16:13,919 I took it for granted when I was growing up. 322 00:16:14,001 --> 00:16:16,460 ♪ ♪ 323 00:16:16,543 --> 00:16:18,126 I did all these sorts of things. 324 00:16:18,210 --> 00:16:20,627 I had jobs as a newspaper boy, 325 00:16:20,710 --> 00:16:25,251 newspaper sports editor, orange picker, mailman. 326 00:16:25,335 --> 00:16:27,794 ♪ ♪ 327 00:16:27,877 --> 00:16:30,460 - I'm from a Czech immigrant family. 328 00:16:30,543 --> 00:16:31,835 I've always had a dream 329 00:16:31,919 --> 00:16:35,251 about going out to see the rest of the world. 330 00:16:35,335 --> 00:16:37,460 It's not an unusual dream 331 00:16:37,543 --> 00:16:39,585 for people who grow up in the Midwest 332 00:16:39,669 --> 00:16:41,669 like I did in Vermillion, Ohio. 333 00:16:41,752 --> 00:16:43,502 ♪ ♪ 334 00:16:43,585 --> 00:16:47,001 First, you say Midwest is a great place to grow up. 335 00:16:47,085 --> 00:16:50,001 On the other hand, you really also knew 336 00:16:50,085 --> 00:16:52,335 that you needed to get out and see the world. 337 00:16:52,418 --> 00:16:54,835 ♪ ♪ 338 00:16:54,919 --> 00:16:58,001 First visit to California to see Jim's family, 339 00:16:58,085 --> 00:16:59,710 which was intimidating, 340 00:16:59,794 --> 00:17:01,835 Redlands itself was everything 341 00:17:01,919 --> 00:17:06,085 that I imagined California would be and then some. 342 00:17:08,085 --> 00:17:10,877 - It's hard to explain what Circus is in this community. 343 00:17:10,960 --> 00:17:11,960 I mean, you come to Redlands, 344 00:17:12,043 --> 00:17:16,543 and Redlands is known as a circus town. 345 00:17:16,627 --> 00:17:18,585 You're driving around, and on the side of the road, 346 00:17:18,669 --> 00:17:21,210 there's a kid riding a unicycle. 347 00:17:24,043 --> 00:17:25,877 Circus is really important to this community, 348 00:17:25,960 --> 00:17:28,877 because first of all, it's a second family. 349 00:17:28,960 --> 00:17:32,335 You get in here, you meet all these different people. 350 00:17:32,418 --> 00:17:34,210 - So how many kids have you got in the program? 351 00:17:34,293 --> 00:17:37,377 - Right now we are pushing 500. 352 00:17:37,460 --> 00:17:39,543 Um... [chuckles] - [chuckles] 353 00:17:39,627 --> 00:17:42,210 - Yes. 354 00:17:42,293 --> 00:17:45,085 - I need everybody. Let's do it again! 355 00:17:45,168 --> 00:17:47,877 - We like to use Circus as social work. 356 00:17:47,960 --> 00:17:52,001 We've gotten more people in, more ages, more families. 357 00:17:54,126 --> 00:17:55,877 We're truly a community circus. 358 00:17:55,960 --> 00:17:57,543 We're here to support each other 359 00:17:57,627 --> 00:17:59,835 and literally lift each other up. 360 00:18:04,001 --> 00:18:05,502 - When I was a kid in the '60s, 361 00:18:05,585 --> 00:18:08,752 Riverside, the city just down the road from Redlands, 362 00:18:08,835 --> 00:18:12,585 wasn't the happening place it is today. 363 00:18:12,669 --> 00:18:15,877 Riverside was just trying to hold on as a citrus town 364 00:18:15,960 --> 00:18:18,251 and was fading as a resort town. 365 00:18:18,335 --> 00:18:21,251 - We've made an emphasis on investing in downtown. 366 00:18:21,335 --> 00:18:23,126 The Mission Inn, the Fox Theater. 367 00:18:23,210 --> 00:18:24,919 There was public money 368 00:18:25,001 --> 00:18:25,919 that was put into that. 369 00:18:26,001 --> 00:18:27,085 I think it was close 370 00:18:27,168 --> 00:18:28,085 to $100 million. 371 00:18:28,168 --> 00:18:30,460 Now seeing apartments, restaurants, 372 00:18:30,543 --> 00:18:33,043 retail coming back to downtown. 373 00:18:33,126 --> 00:18:38,001 ♪ ♪ 374 00:18:38,085 --> 00:18:39,585 - Riverside is making itself 375 00:18:39,669 --> 00:18:41,460 into a place people want to live. 376 00:18:41,543 --> 00:18:43,377 ♪ ♪ 377 00:18:43,460 --> 00:18:44,460 A few miles away, 378 00:18:44,543 --> 00:18:46,960 San Bernardino is trying to do the same thing. 379 00:18:47,043 --> 00:18:53,960 ♪ ♪ 380 00:18:54,043 --> 00:18:56,960 You have to start with young people. 381 00:18:57,043 --> 00:18:59,126 They need to feel their hometown 382 00:18:59,210 --> 00:19:01,627 will give them a chance. 383 00:19:01,710 --> 00:19:03,960 - When you typically think of a high-poverty community, 384 00:19:04,043 --> 00:19:06,919 you sometimes don't think of high levels of success. 385 00:19:07,001 --> 00:19:11,794 Bridging college and career is what this school is known for. 386 00:19:11,877 --> 00:19:13,502 - Kayley's proposing 387 00:19:13,585 --> 00:19:16,085 obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. 388 00:19:16,168 --> 00:19:18,794 - They have, like, unwanted thoughts that cause stress... 389 00:19:18,877 --> 00:19:20,794 - Cajon High School's graduation rates 390 00:19:20,877 --> 00:19:23,293 were among the lowest in the state. 391 00:19:23,377 --> 00:19:26,460 Now they're over 90%. 392 00:19:26,543 --> 00:19:29,001 They have over 50 career pathways, 393 00:19:29,085 --> 00:19:32,627 like advanced robotics and animatronics. 394 00:19:32,710 --> 00:19:36,043 - And we know that the medical field is always in need, 395 00:19:36,126 --> 00:19:39,210 so we have a very strong medical assistance program. 396 00:19:39,293 --> 00:19:40,794 - Ready? Go. 397 00:19:40,877 --> 00:19:43,460 One, two, three, four... 398 00:19:43,543 --> 00:19:44,877 - The students in dark-blue scrubs 399 00:19:44,960 --> 00:19:46,168 love to teach what they know. 400 00:19:46,251 --> 00:19:48,210 They're proud of the skills that they've learned. 401 00:19:48,293 --> 00:19:50,377 - We're gonna start here. 402 00:19:50,460 --> 00:19:51,543 - They can definitely start working 403 00:19:51,627 --> 00:19:53,669 right out of high school if they choose to. 404 00:19:53,752 --> 00:19:55,710 A lot of them who have gone into the military, 405 00:19:55,794 --> 00:19:57,502 now registered nurses. 406 00:19:57,585 --> 00:19:59,126 A lot of them will go to college. 407 00:19:59,210 --> 00:20:01,627 And I know as soon as they go on their internships, 408 00:20:01,710 --> 00:20:02,877 all the lights are gonna go on, 409 00:20:02,960 --> 00:20:04,126 and they're gonna really find 410 00:20:04,210 --> 00:20:05,502 that perfect position for them, 411 00:20:05,585 --> 00:20:07,418 what they really want to do. 412 00:20:07,502 --> 00:20:10,460 - Tonight the prosecution is confident 413 00:20:10,543 --> 00:20:12,710 that we will prove beyond a reasonable doubt 414 00:20:12,794 --> 00:20:15,752 that the defendant is guilty, Your Honor. 415 00:20:15,835 --> 00:20:17,377 - Over 40 years ago, 416 00:20:17,460 --> 00:20:20,001 San Bernardino was named an All-America City. 417 00:20:20,085 --> 00:20:22,752 - I will be portraying Sam Colostian. 418 00:20:22,835 --> 00:20:23,752 - Publish... 419 00:20:23,835 --> 00:20:26,043 - They were recognized for innovation 420 00:20:26,126 --> 00:20:29,001 and their strong sense of community. 421 00:20:29,085 --> 00:20:30,377 - I'll be representing the people 422 00:20:30,460 --> 00:20:31,919 of the state of California. 423 00:20:32,001 --> 00:20:34,669 - Cajon High School gives you hope 424 00:20:34,752 --> 00:20:36,835 for San Bernardino's future. 425 00:20:36,919 --> 00:20:42,919 ♪ ♪ 426 00:20:43,001 --> 00:20:46,543 - Most people's lives follow the same basic arc. 427 00:20:46,627 --> 00:20:50,752 You're born, you grow up, grow old, 428 00:20:50,835 --> 00:20:52,960 and, finally, you die. 429 00:20:53,043 --> 00:20:56,752 Some towns can have a similar fate. 430 00:20:56,835 --> 00:21:00,001 A town left behind by economic change 431 00:21:00,085 --> 00:21:02,210 may just die off. 432 00:21:02,293 --> 00:21:04,085 ♪ ♪ 433 00:21:04,168 --> 00:21:07,960 But sometimes a town whose life was in the past 434 00:21:08,043 --> 00:21:09,919 becomes reborn. 435 00:21:10,001 --> 00:21:15,877 ♪ ♪ 436 00:21:15,960 --> 00:21:17,460 My view of American history 437 00:21:17,543 --> 00:21:20,043 is the country's always been in trouble, 438 00:21:20,126 --> 00:21:22,585 and the story of any given moment in American history 439 00:21:22,669 --> 00:21:25,794 is how the in-trouble quotient is balancing out 440 00:21:25,877 --> 00:21:28,293 with the responding- to-trouble-quotient. 441 00:21:28,377 --> 00:21:29,919 I'm always asking people, 442 00:21:30,001 --> 00:21:32,251 "In the long graph of this city's history, 443 00:21:32,335 --> 00:21:34,085 "of your history, where are we? 444 00:21:34,168 --> 00:21:36,752 Is it an upslope or a downslope?" 445 00:21:36,835 --> 00:21:38,585 - I think we look at things really differently. 446 00:21:38,669 --> 00:21:40,168 Jim is the historian. 447 00:21:40,251 --> 00:21:41,627 I'm listening on the sidewalk 448 00:21:41,710 --> 00:21:43,960 of what's going on at this moment. 449 00:21:44,043 --> 00:21:47,293 I find that the best parts of getting a sense of the town 450 00:21:47,377 --> 00:21:49,001 are in the public spaces. 451 00:21:49,085 --> 00:21:51,543 The kind of small bits, 452 00:21:51,627 --> 00:21:53,460 how people relate to each other, 453 00:21:53,543 --> 00:21:56,627 to me, are really important. 454 00:21:56,710 --> 00:21:58,293 - Five years ago, a little more than that, 455 00:21:58,377 --> 00:21:59,794 I put an item on "The Atlantic" site, 456 00:21:59,877 --> 00:22:03,585 saying, "Tell us the story of your town 457 00:22:03,669 --> 00:22:05,126 and why we should go there." 458 00:22:05,210 --> 00:22:06,794 And the qualifications were, 459 00:22:06,877 --> 00:22:09,669 first, that it should be a small-er place, 460 00:22:09,752 --> 00:22:12,293 in the sense that the media only went there 461 00:22:12,377 --> 00:22:13,835 when there was a problem. [laughter] 462 00:22:13,919 --> 00:22:15,960 You know, when there was a shooting, 463 00:22:16,043 --> 00:22:18,502 when there was a public-health problem. 464 00:22:18,585 --> 00:22:21,377 But there wasn't the sort of three-dimensional portrayal 465 00:22:21,460 --> 00:22:23,168 of it as a real place. 466 00:22:23,251 --> 00:22:24,794 When we showed up in these towns 467 00:22:24,877 --> 00:22:26,168 over the last five years, 468 00:22:26,251 --> 00:22:27,710 they had no idea we were coming. 469 00:22:27,794 --> 00:22:28,835 They weren't putting on 470 00:22:28,919 --> 00:22:30,543 some big chamber of commerce presentation. 471 00:22:30,627 --> 00:22:32,001 We just showed up and said, 472 00:22:32,085 --> 00:22:33,502 "We'd like to know the story of your town." 473 00:22:33,585 --> 00:22:36,377 And so we were catching people sort of unawares. 474 00:22:36,460 --> 00:22:39,126 - Another thing about getting a sense of the town-- 475 00:22:39,210 --> 00:22:41,960 this comes from our living in Japan, actually. 476 00:22:42,043 --> 00:22:45,669 There are two words in Japanese, tatemae and honne. 477 00:22:45,752 --> 00:22:48,960 And tatemae is when 478 00:22:49,043 --> 00:22:51,794 people say what they think that you want to hear 479 00:22:51,877 --> 00:22:53,251 in a very nice way. 480 00:22:53,335 --> 00:22:56,502 And then there's the honne, which is what they really mean. 481 00:22:56,585 --> 00:22:59,335 Going into any place that you don't understand, 482 00:22:59,418 --> 00:23:01,335 the tatemae comes first, 483 00:23:01,418 --> 00:23:03,835 but then people can't help themselves. 484 00:23:03,919 --> 00:23:07,919 You finally get what the honne is after a while. 485 00:23:08,001 --> 00:23:15,001 ♪ ♪ 486 00:23:24,418 --> 00:23:29,669 - Every 99 minutes, a satellite scans the Earth... 487 00:23:29,752 --> 00:23:32,585 gathering imagery and data about the planet. 488 00:23:32,669 --> 00:23:37,043 ♪ ♪ 489 00:23:37,126 --> 00:23:41,460 Those pictures are beamed down to EROS, 490 00:23:41,543 --> 00:23:44,710 a government facility outside of Sioux Falls, South Dakota. 491 00:23:44,794 --> 00:23:51,794 ♪ ♪ 492 00:23:58,293 --> 00:24:01,085 EROS holds the world's largest collection 493 00:24:01,168 --> 00:24:03,210 of images of the Earth's surface. 494 00:24:03,293 --> 00:24:05,418 ♪ ♪ 495 00:24:05,502 --> 00:24:06,960 - Two miles south, 496 00:24:07,043 --> 00:24:10,460 Raven Industries is also gathering data from above. 497 00:24:10,543 --> 00:24:13,460 [air hissing] 498 00:24:13,543 --> 00:24:16,627 ♪ ♪ 499 00:24:16,710 --> 00:24:19,085 Raven makes balloons for everything 500 00:24:19,168 --> 00:24:23,293 from the military to Macy's parade. 501 00:24:23,377 --> 00:24:25,919 - Three, two, one, release. 502 00:24:26,001 --> 00:24:33,001 ♪ ♪ 503 00:24:37,877 --> 00:24:39,669 - You wouldn't think in a farming community, 504 00:24:39,752 --> 00:24:42,460 they would have high technology and aerospace. 505 00:24:42,543 --> 00:24:44,210 It's a really key aspect 506 00:24:44,293 --> 00:24:46,835 of why it's great to live here. 507 00:24:46,919 --> 00:24:48,919 Whenever we bring people to Sioux Falls, 508 00:24:49,001 --> 00:24:51,126 we bring 'em downtown, and they really are surprised 509 00:24:51,210 --> 00:24:55,460 to see that here in a small town in South Dakota 510 00:24:55,543 --> 00:24:57,043 that there's really so much going on. 511 00:24:57,126 --> 00:25:00,335 There's a lot of life, a lot of activities. 512 00:25:00,418 --> 00:25:01,960 - It's got the best of both worlds. 513 00:25:02,043 --> 00:25:03,460 Small enough you don't have traffic, 514 00:25:03,543 --> 00:25:05,168 you don't have a commute to worry about. 515 00:25:05,251 --> 00:25:06,835 It's big enough that got a symphony, 516 00:25:06,919 --> 00:25:08,043 we got plays coming through. 517 00:25:08,126 --> 00:25:09,669 - There are opportunities for jobs. 518 00:25:09,752 --> 00:25:11,210 You got great bars and restaurants. 519 00:25:11,293 --> 00:25:13,543 Since six years ago, we went from one brewery-- 520 00:25:13,627 --> 00:25:16,335 we're now gonna have 14 by the end of the year. 521 00:25:16,418 --> 00:25:19,835 - People want to be downtown. 522 00:25:19,919 --> 00:25:22,502 They want to live down here, they want to shop down here. 523 00:25:22,585 --> 00:25:25,460 And it wasn't that way even ten years ago. 524 00:25:25,543 --> 00:25:31,168 ♪ ♪ 525 00:25:31,251 --> 00:25:34,627 - In the 1980s, Sioux Falls had a wave of growth 526 00:25:34,710 --> 00:25:39,168 when South Dakota changed its laws on credit cards. 527 00:25:39,251 --> 00:25:42,335 Suddenly, by moving their headquarters to South Dakota, 528 00:25:42,418 --> 00:25:46,210 banks could charge customers much higher interest rates, 529 00:25:46,293 --> 00:25:47,877 which meant big profits 530 00:25:47,960 --> 00:25:51,585 from people who don't pay off their credit card each month. 531 00:25:51,669 --> 00:25:54,669 Companies like Citibank and Wells Fargo moved here, 532 00:25:54,752 --> 00:25:57,085 creating thousands of jobs. 533 00:25:57,168 --> 00:26:03,251 ♪ ♪ 534 00:26:03,335 --> 00:26:07,085 In Sioux Falls, right by the iconic falls, 535 00:26:07,168 --> 00:26:08,710 is the meatpacking plant, 536 00:26:08,794 --> 00:26:12,835 where around 18,000 hogs a day are slaughtered. 537 00:26:12,919 --> 00:26:16,960 When the pandemic hit, this was a COVID hotspot. 538 00:26:18,585 --> 00:26:21,043 The jobs are physically demanding 539 00:26:21,126 --> 00:26:22,543 and are often done by immigrants 540 00:26:22,627 --> 00:26:24,126 with limited English. 541 00:26:25,960 --> 00:26:28,460 - Sioux Falls has long relied on refugees 542 00:26:28,543 --> 00:26:31,251 and immigrants as workers. 543 00:26:31,335 --> 00:26:32,585 Lutheran Social Services 544 00:26:32,669 --> 00:26:35,710 is the agency that helps settle them. 545 00:26:35,794 --> 00:26:37,919 - We're kind of the one-stop shop 546 00:26:38,001 --> 00:26:41,377 for all services for refugees in South Dakota. 547 00:26:41,460 --> 00:26:43,919 We provide welcome on arrival, 548 00:26:44,001 --> 00:26:48,710 but we also do housing and job placement 549 00:26:48,794 --> 00:26:52,585 and English language classes and citizenship. 550 00:26:52,669 --> 00:26:54,126 - Technology-- 551 00:26:54,210 --> 00:26:56,418 that was a new word last week maybe. 552 00:26:56,502 --> 00:26:57,752 Technology. 553 00:26:57,835 --> 00:26:59,418 - Tablet. - Tablet. 554 00:26:59,502 --> 00:27:01,585 - Uh-huh. - Cell phone. 555 00:27:01,669 --> 00:27:04,418 - Okay, tablet, cell phone, smartphone. 556 00:27:04,502 --> 00:27:05,627 What else? 557 00:27:05,710 --> 00:27:08,168 - Keyboard. - Keyboard. 558 00:27:09,877 --> 00:27:11,752 - The majority of our full-time staff, 559 00:27:11,835 --> 00:27:13,794 they're former refugees themselves. 560 00:27:13,877 --> 00:27:15,543 - I'm a medical specialist. 561 00:27:15,627 --> 00:27:16,794 I help take clients 562 00:27:16,877 --> 00:27:18,126 to their doctors' appointment 563 00:27:18,210 --> 00:27:19,460 upon their arrival. 564 00:27:19,543 --> 00:27:20,627 - I came as a refugee. 565 00:27:20,710 --> 00:27:23,085 Lived here five years and then became a citizen. 566 00:27:23,168 --> 00:27:25,126 My "childrens" are citizen. 567 00:27:25,210 --> 00:27:26,919 I'm very happy to live in Sioux Falls 568 00:27:27,001 --> 00:27:30,627 because this is a very nice place to raise family. 569 00:27:30,710 --> 00:27:31,960 - As you drive around, 570 00:27:32,043 --> 00:27:34,585 you'll see great diversity in our small businesses. 571 00:27:34,669 --> 00:27:36,460 People that move in to this community 572 00:27:36,543 --> 00:27:38,794 that start barbershops or hair salons, 573 00:27:38,877 --> 00:27:42,543 grocery stores, restaurants. 574 00:27:42,627 --> 00:27:46,293 - I'm a refugee, I'm a Black, 575 00:27:46,377 --> 00:27:51,043 I'm originally from Somalia, and I'm also Muslim, 576 00:27:51,126 --> 00:27:56,502 so which means I'm a combination of four elements. 577 00:27:56,585 --> 00:27:58,335 I'm not a threat. [chuckles] 578 00:27:58,418 --> 00:28:00,335 - My gosh, think of what they've overcome, 579 00:28:00,418 --> 00:28:03,126 especially refugees, to get here. 580 00:28:03,210 --> 00:28:04,960 I don't know what we would be 581 00:28:05,043 --> 00:28:09,335 if we didn't have refugees and immigrants in our country. 582 00:28:09,418 --> 00:28:11,126 - I wouldn't be here, for one. 583 00:28:11,210 --> 00:28:14,293 - 99% of the people living in America 584 00:28:14,377 --> 00:28:16,460 are either immigrants or refugees. 585 00:28:16,543 --> 00:28:19,710 The reason why America is a great country now-- 586 00:28:19,794 --> 00:28:24,710 it's because of people like me and you and everyone. 587 00:28:24,794 --> 00:28:31,794 ♪ ♪ 588 00:29:00,669 --> 00:29:02,335 - When I say Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 589 00:29:02,418 --> 00:29:04,085 people think of Mount Rushmore. 590 00:29:04,168 --> 00:29:05,877 We are on the map because of public art, 591 00:29:05,960 --> 00:29:08,043 because somebody carved these four faces 592 00:29:08,126 --> 00:29:09,877 into the side of a mountain. 593 00:29:09,960 --> 00:29:15,293 ♪ ♪ 594 00:29:15,377 --> 00:29:18,919 - Most of my art comes from just observation of nature 595 00:29:19,001 --> 00:29:23,418 and the "Arc of Dreams" is a good example of that. 596 00:29:23,502 --> 00:29:26,251 In terms of the narrative of the "Arc of Dreams," 597 00:29:26,335 --> 00:29:28,585 the idea is that we have dreams 598 00:29:28,669 --> 00:29:30,752 that originate somewhere in our consciousness 599 00:29:30,835 --> 00:29:33,710 and we can take 'em a certain distance, but at some point, 600 00:29:33,794 --> 00:29:36,835 we have to trust ourselves and the future. 601 00:29:36,919 --> 00:29:38,752 The synapse between the two arcs 602 00:29:38,835 --> 00:29:41,293 represents that leap of faith. 603 00:29:41,377 --> 00:29:44,251 ♪ ♪ 604 00:29:44,335 --> 00:29:46,752 - Public art--it's a significant component here 605 00:29:46,835 --> 00:29:47,960 in terms of the quality of life, 606 00:29:48,043 --> 00:29:50,085 why people stay and don't move away. 607 00:29:50,168 --> 00:29:51,919 And if they do move away at a young age, 608 00:29:52,001 --> 00:29:53,085 they almost always come back 609 00:29:53,168 --> 00:29:54,960 because of the quality of life. 610 00:29:55,043 --> 00:30:02,043 ♪ ♪ 611 00:30:07,627 --> 00:30:09,418 - Good evening. I'm Angela Kennecke. 612 00:30:09,502 --> 00:30:10,460 Tonight... 613 00:30:10,543 --> 00:30:12,627 - Angela Kennecke is a well-known reporter 614 00:30:12,710 --> 00:30:14,168 in our market. 615 00:30:14,251 --> 00:30:17,919 Her daughter died from a fentanyl overdose 616 00:30:18,001 --> 00:30:19,960 a little over a year and a half ago now. 617 00:30:20,043 --> 00:30:22,960 And her daughter was actually our family's nanny 618 00:30:23,043 --> 00:30:26,794 for a couple years, and she was a very special gal to us. 619 00:30:26,877 --> 00:30:30,960 And that really hit us hard when that happened. 620 00:30:31,043 --> 00:30:33,835 - Nobody thinks this is going to happen to them. 621 00:30:33,919 --> 00:30:36,418 I knew there was a problem with my daughter. 622 00:30:36,502 --> 00:30:39,627 I didn't know she was using heroin. 623 00:30:39,710 --> 00:30:41,960 She didn't want me to know what she was doing 624 00:30:42,043 --> 00:30:44,377 because she was ashamed of it. 625 00:30:44,460 --> 00:30:47,710 Emily was just a brilliant kid. 626 00:30:47,794 --> 00:30:51,001 She was a gifted artist. 627 00:30:51,085 --> 00:30:53,126 - By sharing our story, you know, 628 00:30:53,210 --> 00:30:55,085 we can help some people out. 629 00:30:55,168 --> 00:30:58,168 - If fentanyl hadn't been in my daughter's heroin, 630 00:30:58,251 --> 00:31:00,502 she would still be alive. 631 00:31:00,585 --> 00:31:03,293 - Angela, using her platform as a reporter, 632 00:31:03,377 --> 00:31:04,794 has really done a good job 633 00:31:04,877 --> 00:31:06,960 of trying to create an awareness in our community 634 00:31:07,043 --> 00:31:09,043 of what the opioid challenges 635 00:31:09,126 --> 00:31:10,794 that we face in Sioux Falls are. 636 00:31:10,877 --> 00:31:12,627 I think we're very good at hiding those things 637 00:31:12,710 --> 00:31:14,669 and not talking about the problems. 638 00:31:14,752 --> 00:31:17,377 - We need to replace judgment with compassion, 639 00:31:17,460 --> 00:31:19,919 and we need to replace punishment with treatment. 640 00:31:20,001 --> 00:31:22,210 - Angela's sharing what she went through 641 00:31:22,293 --> 00:31:23,627 with her daughter, 642 00:31:23,710 --> 00:31:25,543 talking about the opioid epidemic 643 00:31:25,627 --> 00:31:28,085 in the context of an illness. 644 00:31:28,168 --> 00:31:31,543 I think it's had a tremendous impact far beyond Sioux Falls, 645 00:31:31,627 --> 00:31:33,377 probably far beyond South Dakota. 646 00:31:33,460 --> 00:31:36,210 [wind gusting] 647 00:31:36,293 --> 00:31:43,293 ♪ ♪ 648 00:31:48,585 --> 00:31:50,251 - South Dakota's biggest industry 649 00:31:50,335 --> 00:31:53,543 has always been agriculture... 650 00:31:53,627 --> 00:31:56,418 but it's done by fewer and fewer farmers. 651 00:31:56,502 --> 00:31:58,210 ♪ ♪ 652 00:31:58,293 --> 00:32:01,543 So the little towns that support farm families 653 00:32:01,627 --> 00:32:02,835 often wither. 654 00:32:02,919 --> 00:32:05,710 [flag pole clanging] 655 00:32:05,794 --> 00:32:10,418 ♪ ♪ 656 00:32:10,502 --> 00:32:13,251 - My dad has a number of little quips. 657 00:32:13,335 --> 00:32:14,251 One of his sayings is, 658 00:32:14,335 --> 00:32:15,460 "Farming is a great way of life 659 00:32:15,543 --> 00:32:17,126 as long as you don't have to make a living at it." 660 00:32:17,210 --> 00:32:21,210 ♪ ♪ 661 00:32:21,293 --> 00:32:22,877 I've wanted to farm my whole life. 662 00:32:22,960 --> 00:32:24,960 That's all I ever wanted to do. 663 00:32:27,168 --> 00:32:29,919 My dad told me and had the foresight to know 664 00:32:30,001 --> 00:32:32,251 that our farm is fairly close to Sioux Falls 665 00:32:32,335 --> 00:32:34,377 and may or may not be here in the future. 666 00:32:34,460 --> 00:32:36,210 It will likely be developed at some point in time. 667 00:32:36,293 --> 00:32:39,752 He said I had to get a real job. 668 00:32:39,835 --> 00:32:43,085 - Karl Oehlke's real job when he's not farming 669 00:32:43,168 --> 00:32:46,085 is as a physician's assistant at a Avera Health. 670 00:32:46,168 --> 00:32:49,627 Knowing the stress farmers are constantly under, 671 00:32:49,710 --> 00:32:54,001 whether from flooded fields or low commodity prices, 672 00:32:54,085 --> 00:32:58,669 Karl helped create the Farmer's Stress Hotline. 673 00:32:58,752 --> 00:33:00,794 - It's 24 hours a day. It's confidential. 674 00:33:00,877 --> 00:33:02,418 Talking to me on the phone, 675 00:33:02,502 --> 00:33:04,460 I can empathize with them and explain to them, 676 00:33:04,543 --> 00:33:06,919 "Yeah, I know exactly what you're going through." 677 00:33:07,001 --> 00:33:09,126 The biggest thing we're dealing with right now-- 678 00:33:09,210 --> 00:33:11,293 fear, anxiety. 679 00:33:11,377 --> 00:33:12,919 "I'm working extremely hard, 680 00:33:13,001 --> 00:33:14,418 "yet I have nothing to show for it. 681 00:33:14,502 --> 00:33:17,502 How can I keep my kids in shoes?" 682 00:33:17,585 --> 00:33:18,752 Trying to prevent suicide, 683 00:33:18,835 --> 00:33:20,418 is, of course, our biggest concern. 684 00:33:20,502 --> 00:33:22,168 ♪ ♪ 685 00:33:22,251 --> 00:33:26,377 Prototypical farmer was always the stereotype of a very stoic, 686 00:33:26,460 --> 00:33:28,460 hardened person, you know? 687 00:33:28,543 --> 00:33:30,001 And to let their guard down 688 00:33:30,085 --> 00:33:31,835 is not something that they're used to doing. 689 00:33:31,919 --> 00:33:35,502 [cattle mooing] 690 00:33:35,585 --> 00:33:38,043 I've heard so many farmers say to me 691 00:33:38,126 --> 00:33:39,460 even by the end of the interview 692 00:33:39,543 --> 00:33:42,502 and maybe I haven't even offered them a medication, 693 00:33:42,585 --> 00:33:44,335 they just felt better talking. 694 00:33:44,418 --> 00:33:48,210 It's just like this sense of calm comes over them. 695 00:33:48,293 --> 00:33:51,210 [cattle mooing] 696 00:33:51,293 --> 00:33:58,293 ♪ ♪ 697 00:34:12,960 --> 00:34:16,543 - Our history is shaped by migration and conflict. 698 00:34:16,627 --> 00:34:18,502 [soft banjo music] 699 00:34:18,585 --> 00:34:22,210 In the 19th century, European immigrants moved west 700 00:34:22,293 --> 00:34:24,377 into the homelands of the Dakota Sioux 701 00:34:24,460 --> 00:34:27,543 in the central U.S. and Canada. 702 00:34:27,627 --> 00:34:29,752 After a series of broken treaties, 703 00:34:29,835 --> 00:34:31,752 wars, and public hangings, 704 00:34:31,835 --> 00:34:34,710 the Dakota were driven out by the U.S. government 705 00:34:34,794 --> 00:34:37,752 and scattered to small reservations. 706 00:34:37,835 --> 00:34:39,877 The Flandreau Santee Sioux 707 00:34:39,960 --> 00:34:42,752 settled on land near Sioux Falls. 708 00:34:42,835 --> 00:34:46,710 ♪ ♪ 709 00:34:46,794 --> 00:34:48,752 - Where we're located here in Flandreau, 710 00:34:48,835 --> 00:34:50,377 we were two to three hours 711 00:34:50,460 --> 00:34:53,251 from all other Dakota communities, 712 00:34:53,335 --> 00:34:55,418 so we all stay in touch. 713 00:34:55,502 --> 00:34:57,293 - Anywhere we go, we're Dakota. 714 00:34:57,377 --> 00:35:00,085 Don't matter if we're in DC or we're in China 715 00:35:00,168 --> 00:35:01,585 or we're here in the homelands. 716 00:35:01,669 --> 00:35:04,126 We'll be Dakota. 717 00:35:04,210 --> 00:35:06,251 - How many here? 300 and some here on rez? 718 00:35:06,335 --> 00:35:08,251 - Yeah. Close to it, yeah. 719 00:35:08,335 --> 00:35:12,460 - And total, 500, 600? - About 600, 700. 720 00:35:12,543 --> 00:35:14,585 - There was a thing called Indian Court of Offenses 721 00:35:14,669 --> 00:35:16,251 back in the day. 722 00:35:16,335 --> 00:35:19,251 We weren't even allowed to gather like this. 723 00:35:19,335 --> 00:35:20,919 "Kill the Indian, save the man." 724 00:35:21,001 --> 00:35:22,960 The boarding-school era. 725 00:35:23,043 --> 00:35:25,960 Started cutting our hair, putting us in little suits, 726 00:35:26,043 --> 00:35:27,960 putting us in boarding schools. 727 00:35:28,043 --> 00:35:31,919 To speak to culture, the language, 728 00:35:32,001 --> 00:35:33,835 you were punished. 729 00:35:33,919 --> 00:35:36,669 And then the freedom of religion was, like, in 1978. 730 00:35:36,752 --> 00:35:38,001 That's not that long ago. 731 00:35:38,085 --> 00:35:40,627 So his grandpa, my dad, 732 00:35:40,710 --> 00:35:43,794 they were both fluent speakers, but... 733 00:35:43,877 --> 00:35:46,168 sometimes it was hard for them to speak 734 00:35:46,251 --> 00:35:47,877 just because of that era. 735 00:35:47,960 --> 00:35:49,752 - My older relatives, grandparents and whatnot, 736 00:35:49,835 --> 00:35:53,502 they were forced off the reservation to find employment, 737 00:35:53,585 --> 00:35:55,835 to make better lives, if you will, 738 00:35:55,919 --> 00:35:57,835 in the eyes of the United States government. 739 00:35:57,919 --> 00:36:00,960 - Growing up in Minneapolis, 740 00:36:01,043 --> 00:36:04,085 we just knew we were Indian. 741 00:36:04,168 --> 00:36:06,835 We knew that we went to the little Indian programs, 742 00:36:06,919 --> 00:36:09,669 and that was about it. 743 00:36:09,752 --> 00:36:14,001 I had no idea of the history that I was born in 744 00:36:14,085 --> 00:36:15,126 from the land. 745 00:36:15,210 --> 00:36:18,043 [upbeat music playing from slot machines] 746 00:36:18,126 --> 00:36:19,502 ♪ ♪ 747 00:36:19,585 --> 00:36:21,960 - The Royal River Casino opened in 1990. 748 00:36:22,043 --> 00:36:24,001 The tribe runs it. 749 00:36:24,085 --> 00:36:25,877 At that time, we were the only show in town. 750 00:36:25,960 --> 00:36:27,126 - Awesome. - All right. 751 00:36:27,210 --> 00:36:29,168 ♪ ♪ 752 00:36:29,251 --> 00:36:32,126 - The casino itself is a huge economic engine, 753 00:36:32,210 --> 00:36:34,669 not only for Flandreau, but the surrounding areas. 754 00:36:34,752 --> 00:36:38,335 The impact, it multiplies everywhere else. 755 00:36:38,418 --> 00:36:40,001 - Brought a lot of the economy back, 756 00:36:40,085 --> 00:36:42,293 and it brought a lot of people back, too. 757 00:36:42,377 --> 00:36:43,835 - Come on, come on. 758 00:36:43,919 --> 00:36:46,168 - And it provides for social programs, 759 00:36:46,251 --> 00:36:47,669 everything that the tribe needs-- 760 00:36:47,752 --> 00:36:49,001 government services. 761 00:36:49,085 --> 00:36:51,001 You can say it helped springboard us 762 00:36:51,085 --> 00:36:53,210 into the revitalization of the language program. 763 00:36:53,293 --> 00:36:56,126 - How many people speak Dakota? 764 00:36:56,210 --> 00:37:00,377 - Well, I can speak for just this community. 765 00:37:00,460 --> 00:37:02,043 Maybe three. 766 00:37:02,126 --> 00:37:04,585 The tribe here made the effort 767 00:37:04,669 --> 00:37:08,085 to push for a language-immersion class. 768 00:37:08,168 --> 00:37:09,835 [drums beating] 769 00:37:09,919 --> 00:37:12,543 Who are we if we don't have our language? 770 00:37:12,627 --> 00:37:15,377 ♪ ♪ 771 00:37:15,460 --> 00:37:20,210 [person vocalizing] 772 00:37:20,293 --> 00:37:23,043 [all vocalizing] 773 00:37:23,126 --> 00:37:30,126 ♪ ♪ 774 00:37:44,335 --> 00:37:46,919 - Powwows--it's not just for one tribe. 775 00:37:47,001 --> 00:37:48,710 It's many tribes. 776 00:37:48,794 --> 00:37:50,460 We may not all speak the same language, 777 00:37:50,543 --> 00:37:52,251 but we all come together. 778 00:37:52,335 --> 00:37:54,960 [drums beating] 779 00:37:55,043 --> 00:37:59,085 I'm Santee Dakota. Ho-Chunk and Meskwaki. 780 00:37:59,168 --> 00:38:00,418 As Native Americans, 781 00:38:00,502 --> 00:38:03,794 I think it's real important to have that cultural identity 782 00:38:03,877 --> 00:38:07,418 for dancing and beadwork and crafts and leatherwork. 783 00:38:07,502 --> 00:38:09,752 I tell my kids, I said, "You guys have to learn this, 784 00:38:09,835 --> 00:38:12,794 because when I'm gone, there's not gonna be anybody." 785 00:38:12,877 --> 00:38:15,543 [all vocalizing] 786 00:38:15,627 --> 00:38:19,085 ♪ ♪ 787 00:38:19,168 --> 00:38:21,585 A lot of Natives have never been exposed to culture, 788 00:38:21,669 --> 00:38:23,001 you know, like this. 789 00:38:23,085 --> 00:38:24,919 And if we can get more people 790 00:38:25,001 --> 00:38:26,585 to be courageous and get out there 791 00:38:26,669 --> 00:38:28,585 in the center and dance with us... 792 00:38:28,669 --> 00:38:30,251 Just listen to the music, 793 00:38:30,335 --> 00:38:32,335 and you'll get the rhythm and you'll go. 794 00:38:32,418 --> 00:38:35,460 [all vocalizing] 795 00:38:35,543 --> 00:38:38,669 ♪ ♪ 796 00:38:38,752 --> 00:38:41,960 - Last night at the Wacipi, there's a little girl, 797 00:38:42,043 --> 00:38:43,794 and she looked at me, and she said... 798 00:38:43,877 --> 00:38:45,293 [speaks Dakota] 799 00:38:45,377 --> 00:38:46,585 That was saying hello. 800 00:38:46,669 --> 00:38:48,251 And then all the other little girls around them 801 00:38:48,335 --> 00:38:50,627 were saying... [speaks Dakota]. "Hello, hello." 802 00:38:50,710 --> 00:38:55,460 It gets emotional to just hear them speak their language. 803 00:38:55,543 --> 00:38:57,418 [drums beating, all vocalizing] 804 00:38:57,502 --> 00:39:00,543 - It's saving our life. It's saving our kids. 805 00:39:00,627 --> 00:39:03,710 It's giving a chance, a future... 806 00:39:03,794 --> 00:39:06,669 for us to continue. 807 00:39:06,752 --> 00:39:13,752 ♪ ♪ 808 00:39:16,752 --> 00:39:20,502 [soft dramatic music] 809 00:39:20,585 --> 00:39:27,043 ♪ ♪ 810 00:39:27,126 --> 00:39:29,877 - The dark chapters in American history 811 00:39:29,960 --> 00:39:32,335 are still unfolding in life today. 812 00:39:32,418 --> 00:39:35,669 ♪ ♪ 813 00:39:35,752 --> 00:39:39,001 In our travels, we've been struck by how differently 814 00:39:39,085 --> 00:39:41,418 different communities approach their past... 815 00:39:41,502 --> 00:39:43,877 ♪ ♪ 816 00:39:43,960 --> 00:39:47,752 And which parts of it they embrace and which they avoid. 817 00:39:47,835 --> 00:39:49,710 ♪ ♪ 818 00:39:49,794 --> 00:39:53,377 Columbus, Mississippi, is on the geological Black Belt, 819 00:39:53,460 --> 00:39:56,919 a band of fertile soil dating back millions of years. 820 00:39:57,001 --> 00:39:58,877 ♪ ♪ 821 00:39:58,960 --> 00:40:01,585 The soil made it a good place for plantations. 822 00:40:01,669 --> 00:40:06,377 ♪ ♪ 823 00:40:06,460 --> 00:40:10,835 In Columbus, antebellum mansions are reminders 824 00:40:10,919 --> 00:40:12,919 of life during the Confederacy. 825 00:40:13,001 --> 00:40:17,043 ♪ ♪ 826 00:40:17,126 --> 00:40:21,085 The markers in Friendship Cemetery are, too. 827 00:40:21,168 --> 00:40:26,752 ♪ ♪ 828 00:40:26,835 --> 00:40:28,418 After slavery ended, 829 00:40:28,502 --> 00:40:30,752 Jim Crow laws and civil rights abuses 830 00:40:30,835 --> 00:40:33,377 into the 20th century and beyond 831 00:40:33,460 --> 00:40:36,919 are things to be reckoned with across the country. 832 00:40:37,001 --> 00:40:40,835 ♪ ♪ 833 00:40:40,919 --> 00:40:43,877 [indistinct chatter] 834 00:40:46,001 --> 00:40:49,877 Sandfield is Columbus' historic Black cemetery. 835 00:40:49,960 --> 00:40:54,085 - Today we are so elated to stand here and tell you 836 00:40:54,168 --> 00:40:57,752 that we have a marker for Sandfield Cemetery. 837 00:40:57,835 --> 00:41:01,126 Established before the Civil War, 838 00:41:01,210 --> 00:41:03,794 among people buried here are Robert Gleed, 839 00:41:03,877 --> 00:41:07,460 a former slave who served in the state senate. 840 00:41:07,543 --> 00:41:12,168 Reflect back, lest we forget our history and our heritage. 841 00:41:12,251 --> 00:41:16,418 all: ♪ And before I'd be a slave ♪ 842 00:41:16,502 --> 00:41:20,460 ♪ I'll be buried in my grave ♪ 843 00:41:20,543 --> 00:41:24,585 ♪ And go home to my Lord ♪ 844 00:41:24,669 --> 00:41:27,001 ♪ And be free ♪ 845 00:41:27,085 --> 00:41:30,502 - We're here today because on the 8th of May in 1865, 846 00:41:30,585 --> 00:41:32,293 Union troops arrived in Columbus. 847 00:41:32,377 --> 00:41:35,502 That is effectively when enslavement ended. 848 00:41:35,585 --> 00:41:37,293 - Chuck Yarborough teaches 849 00:41:37,377 --> 00:41:40,502 at the Mississippi School for Mathematics & Science. 850 00:41:40,585 --> 00:41:42,627 It's a public high school, and every year 851 00:41:42,710 --> 00:41:46,543 they explore the town's history at the public library. 852 00:41:46,627 --> 00:41:49,502 - He says in the diary, 853 00:41:49,585 --> 00:41:51,502 Dr. Wilson received a threatening letter 854 00:41:51,585 --> 00:41:53,043 to the school today. 855 00:41:53,126 --> 00:41:55,001 - "If you don't leave, we will hang you." 856 00:41:55,085 --> 00:41:56,043 - We gonna get the rope 857 00:41:56,126 --> 00:41:57,502 and then we're gonna hang you with the rope. 858 00:41:57,585 --> 00:41:58,502 - Yeah. - Like... 859 00:41:58,585 --> 00:42:00,210 - There's some specificity to that 860 00:42:00,293 --> 00:42:03,168 that's even more ominous feeling, right? Okay. 861 00:42:03,251 --> 00:42:04,669 - So the first thing that you'll notice that-- 862 00:42:04,752 --> 00:42:05,919 - In the archives, 863 00:42:06,001 --> 00:42:09,669 students learn about life in Columbus 150 years ago. 864 00:42:09,752 --> 00:42:11,377 - But even right here, 865 00:42:11,460 --> 00:42:15,168 you can find "one Negro woman named Milly." 866 00:42:15,251 --> 00:42:16,669 - Finding the Milly that was associated 867 00:42:16,752 --> 00:42:19,001 with this court case is a whole nother thing. 868 00:42:19,085 --> 00:42:21,960 - Then they write scripts to perform in the cemetery 869 00:42:22,043 --> 00:42:23,627 on Emancipation Day. 870 00:42:23,710 --> 00:42:27,669 - Good afternoon, good people of Columbus, 871 00:42:27,752 --> 00:42:29,543 although my experience ought to have taught me 872 00:42:29,627 --> 00:42:32,877 that the people of Columbus aren't always so good. 873 00:42:32,960 --> 00:42:35,377 - The next document we're going to look at-- 874 00:42:35,460 --> 00:42:39,377 page one and two of the newspapers. 875 00:42:39,460 --> 00:42:41,085 It says, "Columbus, Mississippi, 876 00:42:41,168 --> 00:42:43,543 November 3, 1875." 877 00:42:43,627 --> 00:42:45,168 - "Under these instructions, 878 00:42:45,251 --> 00:42:47,418 "a number of Negroes were arrested 879 00:42:47,502 --> 00:42:50,251 "and turned over to the proper police officers. 880 00:42:50,335 --> 00:42:53,085 "I regret to state that the following Negroes 881 00:42:53,168 --> 00:42:54,543 were shot and killed." 882 00:42:54,627 --> 00:42:56,919 - And as we move through downtown, 883 00:42:57,001 --> 00:43:00,043 a mob led by Jacob Hunter Sharp 884 00:43:00,126 --> 00:43:01,710 attacked us. 885 00:43:01,794 --> 00:43:03,543 They shot into our group, 886 00:43:03,627 --> 00:43:07,502 killing four innocent Black men and wounding three others. 887 00:43:07,585 --> 00:43:09,710 - Makes them way more brave in my eyes 888 00:43:09,794 --> 00:43:12,418 because, like, they're actively, like, 889 00:43:12,502 --> 00:43:13,418 threatening to kill them 890 00:43:13,502 --> 00:43:15,210 and telling them how they're gonna do it. 891 00:43:15,293 --> 00:43:17,752 - The ex-Confederates didn't stop with the rumor, though. 892 00:43:17,835 --> 00:43:19,877 We received a letter threatening death 893 00:43:19,960 --> 00:43:22,418 if we continued to educate the freed people. 894 00:43:22,502 --> 00:43:23,543 - I think this actually shows 895 00:43:23,627 --> 00:43:25,043 that the people who threatened them 896 00:43:25,126 --> 00:43:28,251 understood the importance of education 897 00:43:28,335 --> 00:43:29,710 and how it could be problematic 898 00:43:29,794 --> 00:43:31,585 if people knew how to read and how to write. 899 00:43:31,669 --> 00:43:33,293 Taking away the education 900 00:43:33,377 --> 00:43:35,418 keeps the community in a submissive position, 901 00:43:35,502 --> 00:43:37,585 and they would do that by any means necessary. 902 00:43:37,669 --> 00:43:39,585 - I feel like my story 903 00:43:39,669 --> 00:43:41,794 is just the ultimate American success story. 904 00:43:41,877 --> 00:43:45,752 I am the son of a man and a woman who were enslaved. 905 00:43:45,835 --> 00:43:48,877 But my father bought his freedom before the Civil War. 906 00:43:48,960 --> 00:43:51,126 - Some of you mistakenly believe 907 00:43:51,210 --> 00:43:54,168 that only men helped establish this community, 908 00:43:54,251 --> 00:43:57,627 but let me let y'all in on a little secret. 909 00:43:57,710 --> 00:43:59,919 Behind every strong man, 910 00:44:00,001 --> 00:44:02,919 there is an equally if not stronger woman. 911 00:44:03,001 --> 00:44:05,293 [scattered chuckling and chatter] 912 00:44:05,377 --> 00:44:08,126 - I'm Mississippi State Senator Robert Gleed, 913 00:44:08,210 --> 00:44:09,835 a notable business owner and political leader 914 00:44:09,919 --> 00:44:11,794 in Columbus and Lowndes County. 915 00:44:11,877 --> 00:44:13,627 Now, I used to tell my children, 916 00:44:13,710 --> 00:44:16,960 "We all stand on the shoulders of someone who came before us." 917 00:44:17,043 --> 00:44:18,794 We had our setbacks as a country 918 00:44:18,877 --> 00:44:20,335 and as a people in our day, 919 00:44:20,418 --> 00:44:23,752 but it's clear that progress has been made. 920 00:44:23,835 --> 00:44:26,460 And I like to think that you folks can reach higher 921 00:44:26,543 --> 00:44:28,293 even when times are tough, 922 00:44:28,377 --> 00:44:29,669 'cause those many years ago, 923 00:44:29,752 --> 00:44:33,085 I offered my shoulders for you to stand on, 924 00:44:33,168 --> 00:44:36,210 and I hope you'll do the same for those that follow you. 925 00:44:36,293 --> 00:44:39,460 [cheers and applause] 926 00:44:39,543 --> 00:44:46,543 ♪ ♪ 927 00:44:49,210 --> 00:44:51,168 - When I moved here from New York, 928 00:44:51,251 --> 00:44:54,043 I experienced a little racism. 929 00:44:54,126 --> 00:44:57,001 You know, I was managing this hotel, 930 00:44:57,085 --> 00:44:59,502 and some guests did not understand 931 00:44:59,585 --> 00:45:03,251 that I was the manager, that it wasn't anyone above me. 932 00:45:03,335 --> 00:45:04,960 But as the town began to grow 933 00:45:05,043 --> 00:45:07,293 and I began to meet more people, 934 00:45:07,377 --> 00:45:11,669 there's more of an acceptance of African American people 935 00:45:11,752 --> 00:45:13,210 getting in leadership position, 936 00:45:13,293 --> 00:45:14,710 management position. 937 00:45:14,794 --> 00:45:19,543 It takes some getting used to, and it's not all of the South. 938 00:45:19,627 --> 00:45:24,043 The younger generation is very accepting of diversity. 939 00:45:24,126 --> 00:45:26,877 They are making that change. 940 00:45:26,960 --> 00:45:28,210 The past is the past, 941 00:45:28,293 --> 00:45:31,543 and Mississippi is striving for change. 942 00:45:31,627 --> 00:45:38,627 ♪ ♪ 943 00:45:48,752 --> 00:45:50,877 - Factories around Columbus used to make things 944 00:45:50,960 --> 00:45:55,335 like blue jeans, hot dogs, pork chops, and toilet seats. 945 00:45:55,418 --> 00:46:00,126 Those industries disappeared, leaving 20% unemployment 946 00:46:00,210 --> 00:46:03,085 in the poorest state in the country. 947 00:46:03,168 --> 00:46:05,418 Getting out of that kind of depression 948 00:46:05,502 --> 00:46:06,877 doesn't just happen. 949 00:46:06,960 --> 00:46:08,502 It takes community action. 950 00:46:08,585 --> 00:46:10,585 [jet engine whirring overhead] 951 00:46:10,669 --> 00:46:11,794 The region around Columbus 952 00:46:11,877 --> 00:46:14,585 started a development agency called LINK 953 00:46:14,669 --> 00:46:17,752 that's brought in lots of high-tech manufacturers. 954 00:46:17,835 --> 00:46:20,794 - If it can be done here, it can be done anywhere. 955 00:46:20,877 --> 00:46:22,877 - Convincing companies to move here 956 00:46:22,960 --> 00:46:26,043 is the job of Joe Max Higgins and Brenda Latham. 957 00:46:26,126 --> 00:46:28,043 - And we've built a new industrial park 958 00:46:28,126 --> 00:46:29,585 and are in the process 959 00:46:29,669 --> 00:46:32,210 of doing a new industrial park in Starkville. 960 00:46:32,293 --> 00:46:35,085 - We found a niche in advanced manufacturing. 961 00:46:35,168 --> 00:46:37,585 We acquire property. We install infrastructure. 962 00:46:37,669 --> 00:46:38,752 We locate companies. 963 00:46:38,835 --> 00:46:40,460 And if it all works out well, 964 00:46:40,543 --> 00:46:43,001 we get that company in, and we get 'em going and running. 965 00:46:43,085 --> 00:46:45,126 Then we go and we do another one and another one. 966 00:46:45,210 --> 00:46:46,835 But first thing we got to do a lot of times 967 00:46:46,919 --> 00:46:50,835 is just put aside issues or concerns or beliefs 968 00:46:50,919 --> 00:46:52,627 that may not be true. 969 00:46:52,710 --> 00:46:54,627 You know, people tell us we're last in everything good. 970 00:46:54,710 --> 00:46:55,627 - [chuckles] 971 00:46:55,710 --> 00:46:57,293 - Well, I mean, that's the rap we have, 972 00:46:57,377 --> 00:47:00,460 whether it's true or not-- we're last in everything good. 973 00:47:00,543 --> 00:47:03,251 - Mississippi was the last state to still have 974 00:47:03,335 --> 00:47:06,669 the Confederate stars and bars on its state flag. 975 00:47:06,752 --> 00:47:09,460 ♪ ♪ 976 00:47:09,543 --> 00:47:12,502 - Columbus has a foot in antebellum 977 00:47:12,585 --> 00:47:13,960 and a foot in the future. 978 00:47:14,043 --> 00:47:16,543 Some days they almost feel confused. 979 00:47:16,627 --> 00:47:18,293 And when I got here, I said, 980 00:47:18,377 --> 00:47:20,502 "Before I take this job, answer a question for me. 981 00:47:20,585 --> 00:47:21,835 "Are you a community 982 00:47:21,919 --> 00:47:24,460 that values your past more than your future?" 983 00:47:24,543 --> 00:47:26,460 They said, "Oh, no." 984 00:47:26,543 --> 00:47:28,293 Now, look, I understand heritage, 985 00:47:28,377 --> 00:47:29,669 and I understand culture, 986 00:47:29,752 --> 00:47:32,710 but if you may offend somebody that might want to invest here 987 00:47:32,794 --> 00:47:36,210 and create jobs here, why would you do that? 988 00:47:36,293 --> 00:47:43,293 ♪ ♪ 989 00:47:47,752 --> 00:47:50,877 - It's a real shock when traditional jobs disappear... 990 00:47:50,960 --> 00:47:54,126 - The future will be working alongside the robots. 991 00:47:54,210 --> 00:47:56,001 - And the new ones call for skills 992 00:47:56,085 --> 00:47:58,126 that local people don't have. 993 00:47:58,210 --> 00:48:00,335 As we've seen around the country, 994 00:48:00,418 --> 00:48:02,710 community colleges are incredibly important 995 00:48:02,794 --> 00:48:05,502 in preparing students for new jobs 996 00:48:05,585 --> 00:48:09,877 and, in the bigger picture, fighting inequality. 997 00:48:09,960 --> 00:48:13,960 This is the Communiversity near Columbus, Mississippi. 998 00:48:16,210 --> 00:48:18,377 - This is highly technical. 999 00:48:18,460 --> 00:48:20,377 It is not the old shop. 1000 00:48:20,460 --> 00:48:23,377 The old vocational school was sometimes 1001 00:48:23,460 --> 00:48:26,210 a penalty a person paid. 1002 00:48:26,293 --> 00:48:28,377 - Press at every station. 1003 00:48:28,460 --> 00:48:30,043 - We are second chances 1004 00:48:30,126 --> 00:48:33,502 for people to get that high-school equivalency, 1005 00:48:33,585 --> 00:48:35,543 to get a job. 1006 00:48:35,627 --> 00:48:37,919 Many individuals in our community 1007 00:48:38,001 --> 00:48:42,418 are one flat tire away from losing their job 1008 00:48:42,502 --> 00:48:45,126 or not finishing their education. 1009 00:48:45,210 --> 00:48:49,460 We help bring partners to removing those barriers. 1010 00:48:49,543 --> 00:48:53,752 We lift up the community as a whole. 1011 00:48:53,835 --> 00:48:57,960 - That's the best description of community college 1012 00:48:58,043 --> 00:49:01,126 and what you do that I've heard anywhere. 1013 00:49:01,210 --> 00:49:03,877 - If it can happen here 1014 00:49:03,960 --> 00:49:06,710 in the poorest of all states, 1015 00:49:06,794 --> 00:49:09,919 then surely the positive things 1016 00:49:10,001 --> 00:49:12,251 are replicable elsewhere. 1017 00:49:12,335 --> 00:49:19,335 ♪ ♪ 1018 00:49:20,502 --> 00:49:21,627 - You go into this business 1019 00:49:21,710 --> 00:49:23,251 because you love this business, 1020 00:49:23,335 --> 00:49:25,126 because it is the most interesting way 1021 00:49:25,210 --> 00:49:28,126 you can possibly spend your life. 1022 00:49:28,210 --> 00:49:31,585 An unexpected truth about most people who are reporters, 1023 00:49:31,669 --> 00:49:32,794 including me, 1024 00:49:32,877 --> 00:49:35,919 almost all professional reporters 1025 00:49:36,001 --> 00:49:39,210 are psychologically introverts and shy. 1026 00:49:39,293 --> 00:49:43,794 And so you are looking for a structural excuse 1027 00:49:43,877 --> 00:49:45,960 to go out in the world, meet people, 1028 00:49:46,043 --> 00:49:47,251 and ask them about things. 1029 00:49:47,335 --> 00:49:50,126 If I'm just on the street, I'm not gonna talk to anybody. 1030 00:49:50,210 --> 00:49:52,293 But if I'm on the street as a reporter, 1031 00:49:52,377 --> 00:49:54,126 I'm gonna talk to everybody. 1032 00:49:54,210 --> 00:49:57,126 I have a license to say, "Tell me your story. 1033 00:49:57,210 --> 00:49:59,794 Tell me your hopes. Tell me what I don't know." 1034 00:49:59,877 --> 00:50:03,502 There's this secret power that being a journalist gives 1035 00:50:03,585 --> 00:50:06,502 to almost everybody I know in this business. 1036 00:50:06,585 --> 00:50:09,335 [cheers and applause] 1037 00:50:09,418 --> 00:50:14,835 ♪ ♪ 1038 00:50:14,919 --> 00:50:17,627 - At the far eastern tip of the United States 1039 00:50:17,710 --> 00:50:21,168 is the tiny town of Eastport, Maine. 1040 00:50:21,251 --> 00:50:24,335 - When we very first came here in 2013, I did an article. 1041 00:50:24,418 --> 00:50:28,335 Its headline was, "The Little Town That Might." 1042 00:50:28,418 --> 00:50:30,877 The conclusion was, "Will Eastport make it? 1043 00:50:30,960 --> 00:50:32,669 I don't know." 1044 00:50:32,752 --> 00:50:36,502 Eastport has the deepest port on the East Coast. 1045 00:50:36,585 --> 00:50:39,168 On the other hand, it's so far away. 1046 00:50:39,251 --> 00:50:42,168 ♪ ♪ 1047 00:50:42,251 --> 00:50:44,502 - There are just not many people-- 1048 00:50:44,585 --> 00:50:46,210 1,300 people 1049 00:50:46,293 --> 00:50:48,210 in a town that used to have about 10,000 1050 00:50:48,293 --> 00:50:51,210 in its heyday of sardine fishing. 1051 00:50:51,293 --> 00:50:54,585 The town has had so many surprising disasters 1052 00:50:54,669 --> 00:50:56,043 come their way. 1053 00:50:56,126 --> 00:50:59,043 Everything on Main Street burned down in 1887 1054 00:50:59,126 --> 00:51:01,085 or just before, and they had to rebuild 1055 00:51:01,168 --> 00:51:03,251 the entire main street of the town, 1056 00:51:03,335 --> 00:51:06,168 which they have in a beautiful fashion. 1057 00:51:06,251 --> 00:51:08,919 [seagulls crying] 1058 00:51:09,001 --> 00:51:13,377 ♪ ♪ 1059 00:51:13,460 --> 00:51:14,794 - That was a sardine place. 1060 00:51:14,877 --> 00:51:16,877 That was the last one in this area, wasn't it, Dickie? 1061 00:51:16,960 --> 00:51:18,919 - It was '83 I started working there. 1062 00:51:19,001 --> 00:51:20,710 And I got laid off 'cause there was no fish, 1063 00:51:20,794 --> 00:51:22,043 so I went blueberry raking. 1064 00:51:22,126 --> 00:51:23,919 Happiest phone call I ever got. Said, "We got fish." 1065 00:51:24,001 --> 00:51:27,251 I said, "I'll be back." [laughter] 1066 00:51:27,335 --> 00:51:30,085 Man, that clam digging. Nope. 1067 00:51:30,168 --> 00:51:31,251 [indistinct chatter] 1068 00:51:31,335 --> 00:51:32,752 - You have to love living here. 1069 00:51:32,835 --> 00:51:33,919 If you don't love living here, 1070 00:51:34,001 --> 00:51:36,585 you wouldn't put the work in that it requires. 1071 00:51:36,669 --> 00:51:39,460 People are doing one, two, three different things. 1072 00:51:39,543 --> 00:51:41,919 I'm the executive director of the Port Authority. 1073 00:51:42,001 --> 00:51:44,627 I'm also a reserve police officer here in town. 1074 00:51:44,710 --> 00:51:46,710 I'm the chairman of the county commissioners. 1075 00:51:46,794 --> 00:51:49,085 I coach soccer at a local high school. 1076 00:51:49,168 --> 00:51:50,919 And--oh, and my wife and I, 1077 00:51:51,001 --> 00:51:53,794 we flip real estate on the side in our spare time. 1078 00:51:53,877 --> 00:51:57,585 That's the commitment that you have to put in to be here. 1079 00:51:57,669 --> 00:51:59,794 It is a different type of person. 1080 00:51:59,877 --> 00:52:01,085 "Resourceful" is probably 1081 00:52:01,168 --> 00:52:02,919 the best word that I can come up with. 1082 00:52:03,001 --> 00:52:06,210 [engine droning] 1083 00:52:08,794 --> 00:52:10,460 - I'd say there's kind of two Eastports. 1084 00:52:10,543 --> 00:52:12,001 Right now we're in the colored Eastport. 1085 00:52:12,085 --> 00:52:13,794 It's summertime, and there's a lot of people around. 1086 00:52:13,877 --> 00:52:16,627 There's things constantly happening. 1087 00:52:16,710 --> 00:52:20,335 And then there's sepia-toned Eastport in the wintertime, 1088 00:52:20,418 --> 00:52:22,710 where everything kind of calms down. 1089 00:52:22,794 --> 00:52:24,126 A lot of the colors go away, 1090 00:52:24,210 --> 00:52:29,168 but it's also a cleanse spiritually and for your mind. 1091 00:52:34,543 --> 00:52:36,960 I'm 17, I'm a senior at Shead High School, 1092 00:52:37,043 --> 00:52:39,460 and I also take online college classes 1093 00:52:39,543 --> 00:52:41,835 with the UMaine system. 1094 00:52:41,919 --> 00:52:44,335 And I'll going on to either go to Maine Maritime 1095 00:52:44,418 --> 00:52:46,335 for marine transportations and operations, 1096 00:52:46,418 --> 00:52:48,669 or I'll be headed off to a trade school. 1097 00:52:53,251 --> 00:52:55,001 I moved to Eastport seven, eight years ago 1098 00:52:55,085 --> 00:52:56,710 with my parents from the Jersey Shore. 1099 00:52:56,794 --> 00:52:59,210 I've kind of seen how city life is. 1100 00:52:59,293 --> 00:53:01,293 I much prefer this. 1101 00:53:01,377 --> 00:53:04,168 It's summertime right now. Primarily, I'm a lobsterman. 1102 00:53:04,251 --> 00:53:06,669 Spend most of my day in this fishing aspect of Eastport, 1103 00:53:06,752 --> 00:53:08,001 which is one life, 1104 00:53:08,085 --> 00:53:09,835 but then I'll go home, and I'll shower, 1105 00:53:09,919 --> 00:53:12,168 and I go out to the arts center to a gallery opening 1106 00:53:12,251 --> 00:53:14,418 or a gig or a classical concert. 1107 00:53:21,669 --> 00:53:22,835 With climate change and all, 1108 00:53:22,919 --> 00:53:24,210 I'm not really expecting to fish 1109 00:53:24,293 --> 00:53:26,001 for more than 15 years lobstering. 1110 00:53:26,085 --> 00:53:28,210 I think it's gonna move north. 1111 00:53:28,293 --> 00:53:30,001 I think we're gonna have more opportunities 1112 00:53:30,085 --> 00:53:31,460 for the oysters and mussels, 1113 00:53:31,543 --> 00:53:33,168 and I'd like to take my lobstering money and put that 1114 00:53:33,251 --> 00:53:35,043 into a sustainable aquaculture business, 1115 00:53:35,126 --> 00:53:36,710 employing a lot of local people, 1116 00:53:36,794 --> 00:53:39,335 but I think lobstering's gonna go away. 1117 00:53:43,126 --> 00:53:46,001 [birds singing] 1118 00:53:53,460 --> 00:53:56,460 [thunder rumbling distantly] 1119 00:53:59,627 --> 00:54:03,085 [rain pattering] 1120 00:54:09,168 --> 00:54:12,502 - In 2003, a group called The Women of the Commons 1121 00:54:12,585 --> 00:54:15,293 renovated a run-down building down the waterfront, 1122 00:54:15,377 --> 00:54:19,126 making a shop and gallery space for local artists. 1123 00:54:19,210 --> 00:54:21,752 - 2003, there were a lot of boarded-up buildings. 1124 00:54:21,835 --> 00:54:25,251 They were a new kind of energy for the downtown. 1125 00:54:25,335 --> 00:54:27,460 Okay, just checking. - Good, yep. 1126 00:54:27,543 --> 00:54:29,794 - Some of them are from here, some of them aren't. 1127 00:54:29,877 --> 00:54:31,794 Otherwise, things are good? - Yes. 1128 00:54:31,877 --> 00:54:36,043 I'm about to call for more copies of "The Lonely Loon." 1129 00:54:36,126 --> 00:54:39,126 - Now they've taken on an even bigger project-- 1130 00:54:39,210 --> 00:54:42,085 turning an old sardine cannery into workspaces, 1131 00:54:42,168 --> 00:54:44,001 restaurants, and apartments. 1132 00:54:46,835 --> 00:54:50,502 [tools grinding] 1133 00:54:51,335 --> 00:54:54,001 - We'll hopefully get this done by the end of September. 1134 00:54:54,085 --> 00:54:55,001 - Uh-huh. 1135 00:54:55,085 --> 00:54:56,794 Hugh French grew up in Eastport. 1136 00:54:56,877 --> 00:54:58,585 Like people we've met all over the country, 1137 00:54:58,669 --> 00:55:02,418 he moved away, then came home to try to help his town. 1138 00:55:02,502 --> 00:55:04,251 He started the Tides Institute 1139 00:55:04,335 --> 00:55:07,043 with his wife, Kristin McKinlay. 1140 00:55:07,126 --> 00:55:09,627 - We're committed to this place. 1141 00:55:09,710 --> 00:55:12,085 That means collections, exhibitions, 1142 00:55:12,168 --> 00:55:13,168 fostering new work, 1143 00:55:13,251 --> 00:55:15,960 getting involved in the downtown heavily. 1144 00:55:16,043 --> 00:55:18,585 That's how you create change. 1145 00:55:18,669 --> 00:55:19,669 - One of our programs 1146 00:55:19,752 --> 00:55:21,960 is the StudioWorks Artist-in-Residence Program. 1147 00:55:22,043 --> 00:55:24,001 So this year we'll have 13 artists. 1148 00:55:24,085 --> 00:55:27,418 ♪ ♪ 1149 00:55:27,502 --> 00:55:29,251 - My interaction with the tide 1150 00:55:29,335 --> 00:55:31,627 has been to wrap the pilings 1151 00:55:31,710 --> 00:55:34,794 of this old sardine factory. 1152 00:55:34,877 --> 00:55:35,960 I came up from Brooklyn, 1153 00:55:36,043 --> 00:55:38,627 and we get a month in this little town 1154 00:55:38,710 --> 00:55:40,460 and make work based on it. 1155 00:55:40,543 --> 00:55:42,001 [metallic clanking] 1156 00:55:42,085 --> 00:55:44,168 Eastport, it's amazing. 1157 00:55:44,251 --> 00:55:47,669 People are cool and weird, 1158 00:55:47,752 --> 00:55:48,960 and I'm weird. 1159 00:55:49,043 --> 00:55:53,001 ♪ ♪ 1160 00:55:53,085 --> 00:55:56,001 [seagulls crying] 1161 00:55:56,085 --> 00:55:59,335 ♪ ♪ 1162 00:55:59,418 --> 00:56:01,543 [cheering, drums beating] 1163 00:56:01,627 --> 00:56:04,168 - The Passamaquoddy tribes near Eastport 1164 00:56:04,251 --> 00:56:06,669 celebrate their history every summer. 1165 00:56:06,752 --> 00:56:09,877 - We're proud Passamaquoddies of this time of year 1166 00:56:09,960 --> 00:56:11,293 and all the time. 1167 00:56:11,377 --> 00:56:13,168 ♪ ♪ 1168 00:56:13,251 --> 00:56:15,669 - The Ancestral Paddle really symbolizes what we've done 1169 00:56:15,752 --> 00:56:16,919 for thousands of years 1170 00:56:17,001 --> 00:56:19,710 using the waterways to sustain ourselves. 1171 00:56:19,794 --> 00:56:26,710 ♪ ♪ 1172 00:56:26,794 --> 00:56:30,835 - In its time, Eastport has found and lost 1173 00:56:30,919 --> 00:56:33,669 so many ways of sustaining itself. 1174 00:56:33,752 --> 00:56:35,335 ♪ ♪ 1175 00:56:35,418 --> 00:56:38,210 It was once one of the busiest shipping ports 1176 00:56:38,293 --> 00:56:40,669 till shipping went elsewhere. 1177 00:56:40,752 --> 00:56:43,877 There were 13 sardine canneries 1178 00:56:43,960 --> 00:56:45,794 on the waterfront, 1179 00:56:45,877 --> 00:56:48,502 but that industry moved to Canada. 1180 00:56:48,585 --> 00:56:49,877 ♪ ♪ 1181 00:56:49,960 --> 00:56:51,877 [water splashing] 1182 00:56:51,960 --> 00:56:53,710 Traditional salmon fishing ended 1183 00:56:53,794 --> 00:56:56,669 when the wild fish were depleted. 1184 00:56:56,752 --> 00:56:58,669 Now there are salmon farms. 1185 00:56:58,752 --> 00:57:02,168 ♪ ♪ 1186 00:57:05,710 --> 00:57:08,919 The town has invested millions in the cargo pier 1187 00:57:09,001 --> 00:57:12,585 so they can ship wood pulp from Maine forests. 1188 00:57:12,669 --> 00:57:14,293 - And we're one of the last places 1189 00:57:14,377 --> 00:57:17,126 on the East Coast of the U.S., if not the last place, 1190 00:57:17,210 --> 00:57:19,251 where the forest comes right to the sea. 1191 00:57:19,335 --> 00:57:23,210 We've done up to 400,000 tons in one year, just wood pulp. 1192 00:57:26,335 --> 00:57:27,585 - How does a town like this 1193 00:57:27,669 --> 00:57:32,085 keep coming up with new ways to create a future for itself? 1194 00:57:32,168 --> 00:57:37,085 It's not like Downeast Mainers are famous for their optimism. 1195 00:57:37,168 --> 00:57:41,085 There's a fine line between looking for the possibilities 1196 00:57:41,168 --> 00:57:43,085 and denying reality. 1197 00:57:43,168 --> 00:57:45,085 When we lived in China, we used to joke 1198 00:57:45,168 --> 00:57:47,960 about how all the headlines in the papers were 1199 00:57:48,043 --> 00:57:51,919 "Happiness Sweeps Nation as Joy Abounds" or something. 1200 00:57:52,001 --> 00:57:54,168 And so I think that you don't want to have 1201 00:57:54,251 --> 00:57:57,919 this kind of denying reality happy talk. 1202 00:57:58,001 --> 00:58:00,126 But sometimes you just have to try things, 1203 00:58:00,210 --> 00:58:01,669 realistic or not. 1204 00:58:05,877 --> 00:58:08,168 - Pregnant cows. 1205 00:58:08,251 --> 00:58:09,794 In 2010, we did get a phone call 1206 00:58:09,877 --> 00:58:11,126 from a company that was interested 1207 00:58:11,210 --> 00:58:13,794 in exporting pregnant dairy cattle. 1208 00:58:13,877 --> 00:58:15,502 Okay, they want to put a pregnant cow in a box 1209 00:58:15,585 --> 00:58:18,794 and ship it to parts all over the world. 1210 00:58:18,877 --> 00:58:20,043 My general manager said, 1211 00:58:20,126 --> 00:58:22,460 "We don't know anything about shipping pregnant cows." 1212 00:58:22,543 --> 00:58:25,126 I said, "Skip, neither does anybody else." 1213 00:58:25,210 --> 00:58:28,168 What started off as a little adventure of 450 cows 1214 00:58:28,251 --> 00:58:30,710 turned into approximately 50,000 head of cattle 1215 00:58:30,794 --> 00:58:34,335 that was exported through the port of Eastport. 1216 00:58:34,418 --> 00:58:37,877 But the area of Turkey these cows kind of went to 1217 00:58:37,960 --> 00:58:40,835 was affected mightily by the Syrian conflict 1218 00:58:40,919 --> 00:58:43,168 there on the border, and as a result, 1219 00:58:43,251 --> 00:58:46,126 right now that industry has dried up and stopped. 1220 00:58:46,210 --> 00:58:47,460 You know, geopolitical forces, 1221 00:58:47,543 --> 00:58:50,168 we think, just, you know, matter on TV. 1222 00:58:50,251 --> 00:58:52,126 But even in a small town, they can affect 1223 00:58:52,210 --> 00:58:54,919 how many pregnant dairy cattle we put in a box. 1224 00:58:58,126 --> 00:59:01,043 [printing press droning] 1225 00:59:01,126 --> 00:59:02,794 - Thanks to the Internet, 1226 00:59:02,877 --> 00:59:05,293 small towns have the same access to national news 1227 00:59:05,377 --> 00:59:07,585 as big cities... 1228 00:59:07,669 --> 00:59:11,001 but local news is a different story. 1229 00:59:13,126 --> 00:59:14,335 In many towns, 1230 00:59:14,418 --> 00:59:16,877 the local papers have gone out of business, 1231 00:59:16,960 --> 00:59:18,877 or they're taken over by investors 1232 00:59:18,960 --> 00:59:20,752 who cut local coverage. 1233 00:59:22,460 --> 00:59:25,794 Eastport's paper is "The Quoddy Tides." 1234 00:59:25,877 --> 00:59:29,210 - My brother Hugh is director of the Tides Institute. 1235 00:59:29,293 --> 00:59:30,669 We bookend the downtown, 1236 00:59:30,752 --> 00:59:32,502 with the Tides Institute on one end 1237 00:59:32,585 --> 00:59:34,502 and "The Quoddy Tides" on the other end. 1238 00:59:34,585 --> 00:59:37,543 "The Quoddy Tides" started in 1968 by my mother. 1239 00:59:37,627 --> 00:59:39,502 - Edward French is the editor. 1240 00:59:39,585 --> 00:59:42,043 He publishes it with his wife, Lora Whelan. 1241 00:59:42,126 --> 00:59:43,377 She's also a reporter. 1242 00:59:43,460 --> 00:59:46,043 - Papers like this around the country 1243 00:59:46,126 --> 00:59:48,293 are under all kinds of pressure. 1244 00:59:48,377 --> 00:59:51,752 Your paper is thick, and it is absolutely full of news 1245 00:59:51,835 --> 00:59:53,543 from 20 correspondents. 1246 00:59:53,627 --> 00:59:54,627 What's your secret? 1247 00:59:54,710 --> 00:59:56,085 - [chuckling] I don't know that we have a secret, 1248 00:59:56,168 --> 01:00:00,377 but I think it's important for newspapers not to keep cutting, 1249 01:00:00,460 --> 01:00:02,126 because if you keep cutting, 1250 01:00:02,210 --> 01:00:05,251 there's less and less reason for people to buy the paper. 1251 01:00:05,335 --> 01:00:06,543 - We try to focus 1252 01:00:06,627 --> 01:00:09,919 in a way that relates directly to local issues. 1253 01:00:10,001 --> 01:00:11,418 - So we've had long debates here 1254 01:00:11,502 --> 01:00:14,752 over an oil refinery or the tribal casinos. 1255 01:00:14,835 --> 01:00:17,085 And we present what's happened elsewhere. 1256 01:00:17,168 --> 01:00:18,960 Communities that don't have a local paper, 1257 01:00:19,043 --> 01:00:22,585 the cost for local government increases, for instance. 1258 01:00:22,669 --> 01:00:26,460 We try not to enter into the national debate too much. 1259 01:00:26,543 --> 01:00:29,085 It can, particularly in this polarized time, 1260 01:00:29,168 --> 01:00:30,794 just put people off. 1261 01:00:30,877 --> 01:00:33,502 - Playing the role of the newspaper in a small community 1262 01:00:33,585 --> 01:00:35,585 is always a delicate balance. [laughs] 1263 01:00:35,669 --> 01:00:36,960 - I always feel, you know, 1264 01:00:37,043 --> 01:00:40,752 I'm okay as long as there's no more the half the population 1265 01:00:40,835 --> 01:00:42,126 that crosses over to the other side 1266 01:00:42,210 --> 01:00:44,168 when I walk down the street because they don't want 1267 01:00:44,251 --> 01:00:45,502 to talk to me. [laughter] 1268 01:00:45,585 --> 01:00:47,960 - People will come up to you or give you a call and say, 1269 01:00:48,043 --> 01:00:49,293 "This is what I'm worried about. 1270 01:00:49,377 --> 01:00:50,835 "Is there any way that you can look into it 1271 01:00:50,919 --> 01:00:52,293 and write about it?" 1272 01:00:52,377 --> 01:00:54,627 That's a really beautiful feeling 1273 01:00:54,710 --> 01:00:56,669 to have someone trust you like that. 1274 01:00:56,752 --> 01:00:58,085 - Right, right. - Yeah. 1275 01:00:58,168 --> 01:00:59,502 - We try to provide a voice for the people 1276 01:00:59,585 --> 01:01:01,502 and the communities that might otherwise 1277 01:01:01,585 --> 01:01:02,752 might not have a voice 1278 01:01:02,835 --> 01:01:07,627 so that people in power have to address their concerns. 1279 01:01:07,710 --> 01:01:10,085 I think without community newspapers, 1280 01:01:10,168 --> 01:01:12,460 democracy will really suffer. 1281 01:01:12,543 --> 01:01:17,377 ♪ ♪ 1282 01:01:17,460 --> 01:01:22,168 - We've now been to Eastport five times in six years. 1283 01:01:22,251 --> 01:01:25,377 Maybe asking if Eastport will make it 1284 01:01:25,460 --> 01:01:27,669 is the wrong question. 1285 01:01:27,752 --> 01:01:32,418 The town was established over 200 years ago... 1286 01:01:32,502 --> 01:01:33,794 and Native people were here 1287 01:01:33,877 --> 01:01:36,126 for thousands of years before that. 1288 01:01:36,210 --> 01:01:39,043 ♪ ♪ 1289 01:01:39,126 --> 01:01:43,335 Countless generations have made a life here... 1290 01:01:43,418 --> 01:01:45,835 and countless more will. 1291 01:01:45,919 --> 01:01:52,919 ♪ ♪ 1292 01:02:01,919 --> 01:02:03,627 - When you tell somebody you're from Eastport, Maine, 1293 01:02:03,710 --> 01:02:05,710 or any small town for that matter, 1294 01:02:05,794 --> 01:02:07,710 they just assume that you've never seen 1295 01:02:07,794 --> 01:02:09,210 the bright lights and the big city. 1296 01:02:09,293 --> 01:02:11,877 They'll look at you and say, "Well, this is a cell phone. 1297 01:02:11,960 --> 01:02:14,043 You ever seen one of those before?" 1298 01:02:14,126 --> 01:02:15,043 It's just that belief 1299 01:02:15,126 --> 01:02:16,835 that, somehow, by living out here, 1300 01:02:16,919 --> 01:02:19,210 we're not as metropolitan and as savvy 1301 01:02:19,293 --> 01:02:21,627 as to what's going on with the world. 1302 01:02:21,710 --> 01:02:24,210 I would argue perhaps we know it even a little better 1303 01:02:24,293 --> 01:02:27,335 because we take the time to focus on it, 1304 01:02:27,418 --> 01:02:29,377 and that makes us a whole lot more worldly 1305 01:02:29,460 --> 01:02:30,877 than people believe. 1306 01:02:30,960 --> 01:02:33,293 That's probably one stick jab, if you will, 1307 01:02:33,377 --> 01:02:34,543 from if you go to a big city 1308 01:02:34,627 --> 01:02:37,085 and somebody finds out you're from a small town. 1309 01:02:37,168 --> 01:02:40,043 They just assume that you haven't been paying attention. 1310 01:02:40,126 --> 01:02:47,126 ♪ ♪ 1311 01:03:07,168 --> 01:03:10,293 - All of the travel and living in far-flung places 1312 01:03:10,377 --> 01:03:11,460 that we've done 1313 01:03:11,543 --> 01:03:14,627 has also changed our relationship in some way. 1314 01:03:14,710 --> 01:03:17,210 I mean, we're stuck together forever 1315 01:03:17,293 --> 01:03:21,126 because we have so many shared experiences, 1316 01:03:21,210 --> 01:03:24,001 a lot of them challenging, a lot of them glorious. 1317 01:03:24,085 --> 01:03:27,460 We have a shortcut for so many things we can say. 1318 01:03:27,543 --> 01:03:29,168 [chuckling] No one else would ever understand us. 1319 01:03:29,251 --> 01:03:31,585 - Or "grasscutter for dinner." - Grasscutter for dinner. 1320 01:03:31,669 --> 01:03:33,293 That was Africa. That was our honeymoon. 1321 01:03:33,377 --> 01:03:35,293 - It was a giant rat. - Yeah. 1322 01:03:35,377 --> 01:03:37,794 We knew it bonded us as a family 1323 01:03:37,877 --> 01:03:40,126 when we did a lot of this travel with our little kids. 1324 01:03:40,210 --> 01:03:42,168 We were a unit, and sink or swim, 1325 01:03:42,251 --> 01:03:43,210 we were in this together. 1326 01:03:43,293 --> 01:03:44,627 We had to figure it all out. 1327 01:03:44,710 --> 01:03:51,710 ♪ ♪ 1328 01:03:53,877 --> 01:03:55,752 - Historically, geographically, 1329 01:03:55,835 --> 01:03:57,627 very difficult to get through here. 1330 01:03:57,710 --> 01:04:00,835 ♪ ♪ 1331 01:04:00,919 --> 01:04:02,043 People that came over here, 1332 01:04:02,126 --> 01:04:03,669 they were okay with being isolated. 1333 01:04:03,752 --> 01:04:05,001 They had to be. 1334 01:04:05,085 --> 01:04:08,543 If you have a tougher kind of person... 1335 01:04:08,627 --> 01:04:11,210 There was a poet laureate, Louise McNeill. 1336 01:04:11,293 --> 01:04:14,502 She wrote a book called "Gauley Mountain." 1337 01:04:14,585 --> 01:04:17,627 The very last poem in it, it says the people here 1338 01:04:17,710 --> 01:04:21,794 "now possess the last dark current of the wilderness." 1339 01:04:21,877 --> 01:04:25,043 ♪ ♪ 1340 01:04:25,126 --> 01:04:26,794 - Jeff, could you give me a level check? 1341 01:04:26,877 --> 01:04:29,460 - Hi, this is Jeff Daniels with the Ben Daniels Band. 1342 01:04:29,543 --> 01:04:30,669 Join us this week 1343 01:04:30,752 --> 01:04:33,585 in live performance on "Mountain Stage." 1344 01:04:33,669 --> 01:04:37,960 - ♪ Well, I told my baby ♪ 1345 01:04:38,043 --> 01:04:40,168 [blues music] 1346 01:04:40,251 --> 01:04:42,835 ♪ Before I left that town ♪ 1347 01:04:42,919 --> 01:04:49,919 ♪ ♪ 1348 01:04:50,960 --> 01:04:54,210 ♪ Don't let no nobody ♪ 1349 01:04:54,293 --> 01:04:58,251 ♪ Mm, burn that barrelhouse down ♪ 1350 01:04:58,335 --> 01:05:01,335 ♪ ♪ 1351 01:05:01,418 --> 01:05:03,710 - West Virginia tends to make the national news 1352 01:05:03,794 --> 01:05:05,710 for a few, predictable things... 1353 01:05:05,794 --> 01:05:07,877 ♪ ♪ 1354 01:05:07,960 --> 01:05:10,710 The collapse of coal mining 1355 01:05:10,794 --> 01:05:12,585 and for being one of the first places 1356 01:05:12,669 --> 01:05:14,585 hit hard by the opioid crisis. 1357 01:05:14,669 --> 01:05:16,960 ♪ ♪ 1358 01:05:17,043 --> 01:05:19,585 There are growth problems, too. 1359 01:05:19,669 --> 01:05:23,710 Charleston has about half as many people as it did in 1960. 1360 01:05:25,126 --> 01:05:30,001 - ♪ When I roll down, I've tumbled ♪ 1361 01:05:30,085 --> 01:05:34,877 ♪ Mm, cried the whole night long ♪ 1362 01:05:34,960 --> 01:05:38,043 - We have a few rules when we go to a new city. 1363 01:05:38,126 --> 01:05:40,460 We never ask about national politics 1364 01:05:40,543 --> 01:05:44,085 because that conversation goes nowhere. 1365 01:05:44,168 --> 01:05:46,251 Airspeed is coming alive. 1366 01:05:46,335 --> 01:05:50,251 79 knots and full power. Up we go. 1367 01:05:50,335 --> 01:05:51,502 - We do look for things 1368 01:05:51,585 --> 01:05:54,126 that people are struggling with or achieving locally 1369 01:05:54,210 --> 01:05:56,919 that the national press doesn't usually notice. 1370 01:05:57,001 --> 01:06:01,043 - ♪ Mm, all I had was gone ♪ 1371 01:06:01,126 --> 01:06:04,543 [guitar flourish] 1372 01:06:04,627 --> 01:06:07,794 [cheers and applause] - The "Mountain Stage"! 1373 01:06:07,877 --> 01:06:09,877 [music fades] 1374 01:06:12,085 --> 01:06:13,752 - The West Side of Charleston 1375 01:06:13,835 --> 01:06:15,418 looks like what you might expect 1376 01:06:15,502 --> 01:06:17,752 when you hear about the city's troubles... 1377 01:06:19,377 --> 01:06:22,669 But every town is full of things you don't expect. 1378 01:06:22,752 --> 01:06:26,168 [soft dramatic music] 1379 01:06:26,251 --> 01:06:33,168 ♪ ♪ 1380 01:06:33,251 --> 01:06:36,085 [birds singing] 1381 01:06:36,168 --> 01:06:38,502 - John and Tighe and Ellen Bullock came up to me, 1382 01:06:38,585 --> 01:06:40,251 and I thought they wanted me to paint 1383 01:06:40,335 --> 01:06:42,794 something on their building like an advertisement. 1384 01:06:42,877 --> 01:06:44,335 And they said, "No, no. 1385 01:06:44,418 --> 01:06:46,335 "We want you to paint something on the building 1386 01:06:46,418 --> 01:06:48,960 "that will change the community, 1387 01:06:49,043 --> 01:06:52,210 change community, change this whole place here." 1388 01:06:55,210 --> 01:06:59,126 These are Union troops from the 34th Ohio Regiment. 1389 01:06:59,210 --> 01:07:00,835 They were stationed right over here. 1390 01:07:00,919 --> 01:07:03,168 Painted some homeless people. 1391 01:07:03,251 --> 01:07:05,543 Her name was Froggy. She passed away. 1392 01:07:05,627 --> 01:07:08,335 And Jim pushed her around. 1393 01:07:08,418 --> 01:07:10,502 She was a Navy veteran. 1394 01:07:10,585 --> 01:07:13,377 Natalie Tennant, first female mountaineer. 1395 01:07:15,001 --> 01:07:16,502 Just various people came by. 1396 01:07:16,585 --> 01:07:18,669 Smitty would come by every day and say, 1397 01:07:18,752 --> 01:07:20,335 "You got to put me in with my dog. 1398 01:07:20,418 --> 01:07:22,168 You got to put me in there with my dog." 1399 01:07:22,251 --> 01:07:23,502 I said, "Where's your dog?" 1400 01:07:23,585 --> 01:07:25,669 He said, "Oh, my dog's been dead for ten years." 1401 01:07:25,752 --> 01:07:27,251 I said, "Oh, oh." 1402 01:07:31,251 --> 01:07:33,085 - I'm from a small coal town in West Virginia 1403 01:07:33,168 --> 01:07:35,377 that had just become dilapidated over the years, 1404 01:07:35,460 --> 01:07:38,377 and when I moved to Charleston and I saw this neighborhood, 1405 01:07:38,460 --> 01:07:41,543 I thought, "Why is nothing being done about it?" 1406 01:07:41,627 --> 01:07:43,502 Tighe Bullock and his sister Megan 1407 01:07:43,585 --> 01:07:47,460 have been renovating old buildings on the West Side. 1408 01:07:47,543 --> 01:07:49,293 - This was my first project. 1409 01:07:49,377 --> 01:07:50,835 It's the Bully Trap Barber Shop. 1410 01:07:50,919 --> 01:07:53,502 Elk City Records. 1411 01:07:53,585 --> 01:07:56,251 This is Charleston's newest distillery. 1412 01:07:56,335 --> 01:07:59,251 We're gonna do a quality West Virginia corn whiskey. 1413 01:08:01,335 --> 01:08:02,877 [crackling] 1414 01:08:02,960 --> 01:08:05,710 This is a future Books and Brews site. 1415 01:08:05,794 --> 01:08:06,835 - I was a coal miner. 1416 01:08:06,919 --> 01:08:09,710 I started off mining at the age of 18, actually. 1417 01:08:09,794 --> 01:08:11,043 Right before bankruptcy, 1418 01:08:11,126 --> 01:08:13,585 kind of exited out and opened a restaurant. 1419 01:08:13,669 --> 01:08:15,251 - He's so committed to the project 1420 01:08:15,335 --> 01:08:17,669 that he actually moved his family in across the street. 1421 01:08:20,877 --> 01:08:22,210 - Back in the studios 1422 01:08:22,293 --> 01:08:25,460 at 580 WCHS, the voice of Charleston, West Virginia. 1423 01:08:25,543 --> 01:08:28,418 And I have some special guests in the studio, 1424 01:08:28,502 --> 01:08:30,794 James and Deb Fallows. 1425 01:08:30,877 --> 01:08:32,919 And these are-- Good morning. 1426 01:08:33,001 --> 01:08:34,377 - Good morning, Mr. Mayor. - Good morning. 1427 01:08:34,460 --> 01:08:38,251 When we were here in 2014 at the election time, 1428 01:08:38,335 --> 01:08:40,418 there was a levy for the library. 1429 01:08:40,502 --> 01:08:41,669 People waving placards saying 1430 01:08:41,752 --> 01:08:43,919 "come vote yes on the library levy," 1431 01:08:44,001 --> 01:08:45,126 and it passed. 1432 01:08:45,210 --> 01:08:46,919 - Yeah, but they have another one. 1433 01:08:47,001 --> 01:08:48,418 Might be hard. 1434 01:08:48,502 --> 01:08:50,126 You know, the argument against it, 1435 01:08:50,210 --> 01:08:52,460 ladies and gents, is the fact that, 1436 01:08:52,543 --> 01:08:54,418 "We don't need libraries. We have computers." 1437 01:08:54,502 --> 01:08:55,960 - Oh, Deb has the whole counter-argument. 1438 01:08:56,043 --> 01:08:56,960 - Oh, no, oh, no. Wrong answer. 1439 01:08:57,043 --> 01:08:59,043 - Well, then take it, Deb. Take it, take it. 1440 01:08:59,126 --> 01:09:01,251 - Really, the libraries are the heart and soul 1441 01:09:01,335 --> 01:09:02,669 of the communities. 1442 01:09:02,752 --> 01:09:03,835 It's more than books, 1443 01:09:03,919 --> 01:09:06,502 and it's more than computers and resources now. 1444 01:09:06,585 --> 01:09:08,835 Libraries have become a combination 1445 01:09:08,919 --> 01:09:12,168 of education centers, civic and social center. 1446 01:09:12,251 --> 01:09:15,585 There are classes on how to do your job résumé... 1447 01:09:15,669 --> 01:09:17,460 - Go ahead and write, "in eBay" there for me. 1448 01:09:17,543 --> 01:09:19,627 - How to be an eBay merchant. 1449 01:09:19,710 --> 01:09:22,418 Libraries have free sessions with a nurse, 1450 01:09:22,502 --> 01:09:24,960 or they'll bring in a lawyer. 1451 01:09:25,043 --> 01:09:27,293 If you go into any public library in the country, 1452 01:09:27,377 --> 01:09:29,960 people who don't have computers at home or Wi-Fi 1453 01:09:30,043 --> 01:09:31,293 will come for access, 1454 01:09:31,377 --> 01:09:34,168 which is, as we know these days, just critical. 1455 01:09:34,251 --> 01:09:35,669 I would really argue, 1456 01:09:35,752 --> 01:09:37,835 "Yes. Vote yes on that library levy." 1457 01:09:37,919 --> 01:09:40,001 - I'll vote for it if that helps any. 1458 01:09:40,085 --> 01:09:42,043 All right, James Fallows and Deb Fallows. 1459 01:09:42,126 --> 01:09:44,752 We'll break, and we'll back on 580 live. 1460 01:09:50,585 --> 01:09:52,043 [guitar plays note] 1461 01:09:52,126 --> 01:09:55,210 - I came here when I was 22 on a grant. 1462 01:09:55,293 --> 01:09:56,794 I lived in Los Angeles at that time. 1463 01:09:56,877 --> 01:09:58,377 Beginning. From the beginning. From the very beginning. 1464 01:09:58,460 --> 01:09:59,669 I took to it immediately. 1465 01:09:59,752 --> 01:10:02,293 Loved the people, the country. 1466 01:10:02,377 --> 01:10:04,001 So beautiful. 1467 01:10:04,085 --> 01:10:05,377 You count it down and-- 1468 01:10:05,460 --> 01:10:06,835 Started "Mountain Stage." 1469 01:10:06,919 --> 01:10:07,835 Public broadcasting, 1470 01:10:07,919 --> 01:10:08,835 West Virginia public broadcasting, 1471 01:10:08,919 --> 01:10:10,835 wants to do a live show on radio. 1472 01:10:10,919 --> 01:10:12,835 We had no expertise. We had no equipment. 1473 01:10:12,919 --> 01:10:14,001 We had no money. 1474 01:10:14,085 --> 01:10:16,710 Took us 26 shows till NPR invited us 1475 01:10:16,794 --> 01:10:18,377 to be a national radio show. 1476 01:10:18,460 --> 01:10:20,251 [applause] 1477 01:10:20,335 --> 01:10:21,543 - Our host and co-founder, 1478 01:10:21,627 --> 01:10:23,710 he's also the artistic director of "Mountain Stage," 1479 01:10:23,794 --> 01:10:25,377 Mr. Larry Groce. 1480 01:10:25,460 --> 01:10:27,877 [applause] - Like that! Beautiful. 1481 01:10:27,960 --> 01:10:29,710 Okay, here we go. Thank you guys for coming. 1482 01:10:29,794 --> 01:10:31,418 I hope that you enjoy the show. 1483 01:10:31,502 --> 01:10:32,877 ♪ ♪ 1484 01:10:32,960 --> 01:10:36,085 - When you're out of here, you find out sooner than later 1485 01:10:36,168 --> 01:10:38,251 that people have a certain view of West Virginia. 1486 01:10:38,335 --> 01:10:39,877 People in the big picture. 1487 01:10:39,960 --> 01:10:41,335 They assume certain things about you, 1488 01:10:41,418 --> 01:10:42,919 and they assume you have limitations, 1489 01:10:43,001 --> 01:10:44,919 and they assume that you're gonna be a certain way 1490 01:10:45,001 --> 01:10:46,752 and your style is gonna be a certain way 1491 01:10:46,835 --> 01:10:48,752 because that's what people do there. 1492 01:10:48,835 --> 01:10:50,085 And, of course, that's not the way it is. 1493 01:10:50,168 --> 01:10:51,710 I mean, people here are like everywhere. 1494 01:10:51,794 --> 01:10:53,502 Their tastes are wide. 1495 01:10:53,585 --> 01:10:55,210 They like a lot of kinds of music. 1496 01:10:55,293 --> 01:11:00,126 - ♪ Bad luck is a rule of thumb ♪ 1497 01:11:00,210 --> 01:11:01,752 ♪ ♪ 1498 01:11:01,835 --> 01:11:05,919 ♪ Lapping up against the doors of some ♪ 1499 01:11:06,001 --> 01:11:07,919 - But I think it's gonna take a long time 1500 01:11:08,001 --> 01:11:11,377 to reverse some stereotypes that people have. 1501 01:11:11,460 --> 01:11:13,126 I mean, it's gonna be a long time 1502 01:11:13,210 --> 01:11:16,418 before people see West Virginia like they see Vermont, 1503 01:11:16,502 --> 01:11:18,377 even though we have a lot of similarities. 1504 01:11:18,460 --> 01:11:23,251 ♪ ♪ 1505 01:11:23,335 --> 01:11:25,585 - When you tell people you're from Charleston, 1506 01:11:25,669 --> 01:11:28,710 what's the main thing you feel like they misunderstand? 1507 01:11:28,794 --> 01:11:30,460 - Well, usually when you say you're from Charleston, 1508 01:11:30,543 --> 01:11:33,418 they say, "I love your fabulous restaurants." 1509 01:11:33,502 --> 01:11:34,418 - [chuckling] Yes, okay. 1510 01:11:34,502 --> 01:11:35,919 - "I love the"... 1511 01:11:36,001 --> 01:11:38,460 - The coastline. [chuckling] 1512 01:11:38,543 --> 01:11:41,210 - I say, "Charleston, West Virginia," 1513 01:11:41,293 --> 01:11:43,960 not South Carolina, and they say, "Oh." 1514 01:11:44,043 --> 01:11:45,168 [both chuckling] 1515 01:11:45,251 --> 01:11:47,543 - And what do they say then? 1516 01:11:47,627 --> 01:11:51,293 - Like, "Sorry." Like, feel sorry for us. 1517 01:11:51,377 --> 01:11:54,669 - In 2016, the "Gazette-Mail" exposed 1518 01:11:54,752 --> 01:11:57,835 how pharmaceutical companies were dumping massive amounts 1519 01:11:57,919 --> 01:12:00,627 of opioids on small towns in the state, 1520 01:12:00,710 --> 01:12:04,585 resulting in the highest overdose rates in the country. 1521 01:12:04,669 --> 01:12:07,960 Eric Eyre won a Pulitzer for his reporting. 1522 01:12:08,043 --> 01:12:10,085 - People went to legitimate doctors at first, 1523 01:12:10,168 --> 01:12:11,919 who actually thought they were doing the right thing 1524 01:12:12,001 --> 01:12:14,835 because of all the marketing by Purdue Pharma. 1525 01:12:14,919 --> 01:12:17,960 Then they would get hooked, and the doctor would cut them off, 1526 01:12:18,043 --> 01:12:20,210 and then they'd wind up at the pain clinic. 1527 01:12:20,293 --> 01:12:22,168 You had these small towns. 1528 01:12:22,251 --> 01:12:24,001 Kermit, that has 400 people, 1529 01:12:24,085 --> 01:12:26,669 had nearly 9 million hydrocodone pills 1530 01:12:26,752 --> 01:12:28,168 in two years. 1531 01:12:28,251 --> 01:12:30,293 And they were doing the same thing here. 1532 01:12:30,377 --> 01:12:31,335 I don't know if you've talked 1533 01:12:31,418 --> 01:12:32,835 to the public health commissioner-- 1534 01:12:32,919 --> 01:12:34,001 - Not yet. 1535 01:12:34,085 --> 01:12:35,168 - His point was 1536 01:12:35,251 --> 01:12:37,835 we're not gonna solve this addiction crisis overnight, 1537 01:12:37,919 --> 01:12:40,210 but we can stop the deaths. 1538 01:12:40,293 --> 01:12:42,001 - [clears throat] 1539 01:12:42,085 --> 01:12:45,502 She did say that he's supposed to come to drug court today. 1540 01:12:45,585 --> 01:12:48,794 But his mom said that there's a bag packed under his bed. 1541 01:12:48,877 --> 01:12:50,460 - He knows he's going to placement. 1542 01:12:50,543 --> 01:12:51,669 - He's not listening to her. 1543 01:12:51,752 --> 01:12:53,877 He's not doing anything that she asks. 1544 01:12:53,960 --> 01:12:58,168 - To try to prevent addiction and crime before they happen, 1545 01:12:58,251 --> 01:13:02,043 Charleston, like many cities, has a drug court. 1546 01:13:02,126 --> 01:13:04,043 - I don't think we should. Let's keep him. 1547 01:13:04,126 --> 01:13:06,043 - Keep him. - Restrict where he goes. 1548 01:13:06,126 --> 01:13:07,043 - Yep. - Right. 1549 01:13:07,126 --> 01:13:09,210 - Judge Joanna Tabit and her team 1550 01:13:09,293 --> 01:13:11,168 at the juvenile drug court 1551 01:13:11,251 --> 01:13:13,710 divert teens who've abused alcohol or drugs 1552 01:13:13,794 --> 01:13:16,710 away from traditional court or jail. 1553 01:13:16,794 --> 01:13:19,960 [indistinct PA announcement] 1554 01:13:20,043 --> 01:13:21,877 [applause, indistinct chatter] 1555 01:13:21,960 --> 01:13:24,585 As a treat for the kids for making progress, 1556 01:13:24,669 --> 01:13:27,210 everyone comes out to the ball game. 1557 01:13:27,293 --> 01:13:29,585 [indistinct PA announcement] 1558 01:13:29,669 --> 01:13:30,710 - I'm doing a lot better. 1559 01:13:30,794 --> 01:13:32,418 All my drug screens have been negative, 1560 01:13:32,502 --> 01:13:35,877 and I've been good and everything. 1561 01:13:35,960 --> 01:13:38,377 - She'd been, what, ten when I got you? 1562 01:13:38,460 --> 01:13:41,210 - Yeah. About six years. 1563 01:13:41,293 --> 01:13:42,460 Yeah. 1564 01:13:42,543 --> 01:13:43,710 If it wasn't for her, 1565 01:13:43,794 --> 01:13:46,752 I wouldn't be getting my head on straight and going good. 1566 01:13:46,835 --> 01:13:48,919 - And I'm the grandmother. I'm not the mother. 1567 01:13:49,001 --> 01:13:52,043 I got custody of her. 1568 01:13:52,126 --> 01:13:56,085 I think it's a good program. 1569 01:13:56,168 --> 01:13:57,210 But it's just a lot on me, 1570 01:13:57,293 --> 01:13:59,126 'cause where I work, strange hours. 1571 01:13:59,210 --> 01:14:01,377 I work 7:00 P to 7:00 A, 1572 01:14:01,460 --> 01:14:03,251 and, you know, sometimes I get mandated for 16. 1573 01:14:03,335 --> 01:14:07,251 And then you got to go to drug court or you have to go... 1574 01:14:07,335 --> 01:14:09,752 You know, it's a little time-consuming, 1575 01:14:09,835 --> 01:14:11,001 but it's working. 1576 01:14:11,085 --> 01:14:12,543 Do whatever works. 1577 01:14:12,627 --> 01:14:19,627 ♪ ♪ 1578 01:14:35,043 --> 01:14:37,251 - In the '80s, as in so many cities, 1579 01:14:37,335 --> 01:14:39,960 an enormous urban mall came to Charleston 1580 01:14:40,043 --> 01:14:43,293 and crushed the local downtown stores. 1581 01:14:43,377 --> 01:14:45,502 But years later, the mall failed, 1582 01:14:45,585 --> 01:14:49,168 and the old downtown started to revive. 1583 01:14:49,251 --> 01:14:51,001 - We're here on Capitol Street. 1584 01:14:51,085 --> 01:14:54,168 This is kind of the central, developed area of Charleston. 1585 01:14:54,251 --> 01:14:55,418 We're gonna visit later on, 1586 01:14:55,502 --> 01:14:57,960 and it's actually where you're gonna be speaking tonight-- 1587 01:14:58,043 --> 01:14:59,460 Taylor Books. 1588 01:14:59,543 --> 01:15:01,126 Ann Saville, she and her husband 1589 01:15:01,210 --> 01:15:02,627 really became the anchor tenant 1590 01:15:02,710 --> 01:15:05,627 for the further development of this area. 1591 01:15:05,710 --> 01:15:09,960 [indistinct chatter] 1592 01:15:10,043 --> 01:15:13,460 - We had a view of the country 1593 01:15:13,543 --> 01:15:17,335 that was different from the prevailing view in this way-- 1594 01:15:17,418 --> 01:15:19,960 almost every place we went, people said, 1595 01:15:20,043 --> 01:15:23,210 "Yeah, the U.S. is really in horrible shape, 1596 01:15:23,293 --> 01:15:26,335 "but here in Starkville, Mississippi, you know, 1597 01:15:26,418 --> 01:15:27,710 things are really moving ahead." 1598 01:15:27,794 --> 01:15:31,460 Local-level engagement, innovation, experimentation 1599 01:15:31,543 --> 01:15:35,001 is actually doing much better. 1600 01:15:35,085 --> 01:15:38,168 In Charleston, they found some really creative ways 1601 01:15:38,251 --> 01:15:40,669 to rehab the West Side. 1602 01:15:40,752 --> 01:15:44,335 West Invest is a plan to get teachers and cops 1603 01:15:44,418 --> 01:15:46,877 to move into challenged neighborhoods, 1604 01:15:46,960 --> 01:15:50,460 where they could help buying and fixing up a house. 1605 01:15:50,543 --> 01:15:53,377 Two police officers came up with the idea. 1606 01:15:53,460 --> 01:15:56,043 - You got two guys. Now, here's our plan. 1607 01:15:56,126 --> 01:15:58,377 Let's get officers this grant. 1608 01:15:58,460 --> 01:16:00,377 They will be able to take this grant, 1609 01:16:00,460 --> 01:16:03,710 buy a home in what we call neighborhoods of challenge 1610 01:16:03,794 --> 01:16:06,877 which includes crime, dilapidated buildings, 1611 01:16:06,960 --> 01:16:09,085 lack of neighborhood norms. 1612 01:16:09,168 --> 01:16:10,543 - You know, I noticed that yeah, 1613 01:16:10,627 --> 01:16:11,543 a lot of us worked here, 1614 01:16:11,627 --> 01:16:13,210 but a lot of us didn't live here. 1615 01:16:13,293 --> 01:16:15,877 It's affected how we policed. 1616 01:16:15,960 --> 01:16:18,043 I just really wanted officers to move back into the city, 1617 01:16:18,126 --> 01:16:21,835 get that baseline of how Charleston really is. 1618 01:16:21,919 --> 01:16:23,585 - You just have a real buy-in 1619 01:16:23,669 --> 01:16:26,126 when you live there with the people and all. 1620 01:16:26,210 --> 01:16:29,335 And they become more than just neighbors. 1621 01:16:29,418 --> 01:16:30,752 They become family. 1622 01:16:30,835 --> 01:16:31,752 - And, Reverend Ealy, 1623 01:16:31,835 --> 01:16:35,335 I believe this has been divinely inspired. 1624 01:16:35,418 --> 01:16:37,752 We started a construction company 1625 01:16:37,835 --> 01:16:40,085 solely to employ felons. 1626 01:16:40,168 --> 01:16:42,752 So, other than the licensed contractors 1627 01:16:42,835 --> 01:16:46,251 who have agreed to serve as mentors for these guys, 1628 01:16:46,335 --> 01:16:49,251 if you don't have a felony, we don't want to talk to you. 1629 01:16:49,335 --> 01:16:51,126 And they'll be paid the same wage 1630 01:16:51,210 --> 01:16:53,835 as we would pay anybody in the free world. 1631 01:16:53,919 --> 01:16:56,085 We have banks willing to come in 1632 01:16:56,168 --> 01:16:58,251 and coach these folks financially. 1633 01:16:58,335 --> 01:17:00,919 Now we're improving their credit scores 1634 01:17:01,001 --> 01:17:02,460 before they ever leave prison. 1635 01:17:02,543 --> 01:17:04,752 - I'm going home in five months. 1636 01:17:04,835 --> 01:17:07,377 Can't wait for that. 1637 01:17:07,460 --> 01:17:09,919 And this here, it definitely does get you used 1638 01:17:10,001 --> 01:17:12,960 to being not stuck back sitting with a bunch of inmates. 1639 01:17:13,043 --> 01:17:16,627 - What we're finding is good, honest, hardworking people 1640 01:17:16,710 --> 01:17:19,960 who just have hit brick wall after brick wall 1641 01:17:20,043 --> 01:17:22,919 in trying to get started again. 1642 01:17:23,001 --> 01:17:26,001 [engines rumbling and revving] 1643 01:17:35,335 --> 01:17:36,460 - A lot of people tried to get me 1644 01:17:36,543 --> 01:17:38,085 not to put my restaurant over here, 1645 01:17:38,168 --> 01:17:39,627 and I'm like, "Why?" 1646 01:17:39,710 --> 01:17:42,627 I said, "If you do it right, everybody come." 1647 01:17:42,710 --> 01:17:44,627 We have town hall meetings in here. 1648 01:17:44,710 --> 01:17:46,502 Everybody that's running for something 1649 01:17:46,585 --> 01:17:49,919 come, want to do something in here. 1650 01:17:50,001 --> 01:17:53,293 - Adrian Wright played in the NFL with Tampa Bay. 1651 01:17:53,377 --> 01:17:56,460 He moved back to Charleston to take care of his mom 1652 01:17:56,543 --> 01:17:59,043 and opened a barbecue place. 1653 01:17:59,126 --> 01:18:00,919 - Here it is seven years later. 1654 01:18:01,001 --> 01:18:03,335 I'm the number-one barbecue. 1655 01:18:03,418 --> 01:18:05,835 Getting voted to be on Food Network. 1656 01:18:05,919 --> 01:18:07,627 My daughter and my wife 1657 01:18:07,710 --> 01:18:10,335 basically run the day-to-day operations now. 1658 01:18:10,418 --> 01:18:12,669 This definitely make me feel good 1659 01:18:12,752 --> 01:18:14,919 that my kids came to live with me. 1660 01:18:16,377 --> 01:18:18,210 I'm glad I came back home 1661 01:18:18,293 --> 01:18:22,543 to experience this and to help build Charleston up. 1662 01:18:22,627 --> 01:18:29,585 ♪ ♪ 1663 01:18:38,293 --> 01:18:42,293 - We were moving up from California to the Northwest... 1664 01:18:43,794 --> 01:18:48,043 And heard Bend was a gorgeous town... 1665 01:18:48,126 --> 01:18:49,335 in the High Desert, 1666 01:18:49,418 --> 01:18:52,043 which always has this really evocative sense to it, 1667 01:18:52,126 --> 01:18:53,418 the High Desert. 1668 01:18:53,502 --> 01:18:56,752 ♪ ♪ 1669 01:18:56,835 --> 01:19:00,043 - Bend, Oregon, is the culmination of this journey 1670 01:19:00,126 --> 01:19:04,418 because it's a town that found its way back from failure. 1671 01:19:04,502 --> 01:19:06,710 - Bend was a pretty depressed place. 1672 01:19:06,794 --> 01:19:08,210 Talking about the '80s 1673 01:19:08,293 --> 01:19:10,543 right after the logging boom had sort of ended, 1674 01:19:10,627 --> 01:19:13,168 it was just sort of a tough time. 1675 01:19:13,251 --> 01:19:15,835 - Bend was very much a blue-collar town. 1676 01:19:15,919 --> 01:19:21,085 It has become a four-season tourist destination. 1677 01:19:21,168 --> 01:19:24,085 - People had heard of it being a vibrant community. 1678 01:19:24,168 --> 01:19:27,710 Next thing you know, we're gonna move here. 1679 01:19:27,794 --> 01:19:30,293 - The people who've come in the last ten years 1680 01:19:30,377 --> 01:19:34,210 don't understand what it was like 30 years ago. 1681 01:19:34,293 --> 01:19:36,919 This was a small, depressed timber town 1682 01:19:37,001 --> 01:19:40,085 that had to reach bottom. 1683 01:19:40,168 --> 01:19:42,001 But we were committed. 1684 01:19:44,669 --> 01:19:47,835 [indistinct chatter] 1685 01:19:50,669 --> 01:19:52,585 - I was an actress in LA, and it was great. 1686 01:19:52,669 --> 01:19:55,085 But we wanted to raise our family up here, 1687 01:19:55,168 --> 01:19:57,752 so I am actually gonna go back to school 1688 01:19:57,835 --> 01:20:00,168 and get my master's and be a school counselor. 1689 01:20:00,251 --> 01:20:03,293 - My company's based in Austin, but I can do most my job here, 1690 01:20:03,377 --> 01:20:06,043 you know, through video conference or whatnot. 1691 01:20:06,126 --> 01:20:08,460 - When I was in LA and sitting in traffic on the 405 1692 01:20:08,543 --> 01:20:11,126 and I had to drop everything to go for this audition 1693 01:20:11,210 --> 01:20:13,585 and, like, missing my kids' play, 1694 01:20:13,669 --> 01:20:15,335 I'm like, "What the--am I doing?" 1695 01:20:15,418 --> 01:20:16,293 You know? 1696 01:20:16,377 --> 01:20:17,502 And, like, I probably won't get the job. 1697 01:20:17,585 --> 01:20:20,293 I didn't get the job. And I'm like, "This is insane." 1698 01:20:20,377 --> 01:20:23,126 I want to just be present. 1699 01:20:23,210 --> 01:20:28,794 ♪ ♪ 1700 01:20:28,877 --> 01:20:30,418 - This is one of the best places 1701 01:20:30,502 --> 01:20:32,835 to bike and run and swim. 1702 01:20:32,919 --> 01:20:37,627 Because of that, there's high demand to live here. 1703 01:20:37,710 --> 01:20:40,502 My wife was a professional distance runner. 1704 01:20:40,585 --> 01:20:42,502 I was a professional triathlete. 1705 01:20:42,585 --> 01:20:47,335 We started a company making food products for ourselves. 1706 01:20:47,418 --> 01:20:51,293 Bend is a place where people move because they want to. 1707 01:20:51,377 --> 01:20:54,043 It means that you will even work in a job 1708 01:20:54,126 --> 01:20:55,710 that you're maybe less fulfilled in 1709 01:20:55,794 --> 01:20:57,710 because you can fulfill yourself 1710 01:20:57,794 --> 01:20:59,335 in the other aspects of your life, 1711 01:20:59,418 --> 01:21:00,877 primarily in recreation. 1712 01:21:00,960 --> 01:21:02,460 There's a general understanding 1713 01:21:02,543 --> 01:21:03,960 in the business community 1714 01:21:04,043 --> 01:21:05,960 that if it's a fresh-powder day, your employees 1715 01:21:06,043 --> 01:21:07,960 probably aren't going to be in until 11:00 or 12:00. 1716 01:21:08,043 --> 01:21:10,877 [chuckles] And we support that. 1717 01:21:10,960 --> 01:21:12,085 - Yeah! 1718 01:21:12,168 --> 01:21:13,877 - It's just a little bit different priority system, 1719 01:21:13,960 --> 01:21:15,710 value system, I think. 1720 01:21:15,794 --> 01:21:16,710 - You got that! 1721 01:21:16,794 --> 01:21:18,335 - That's part of why we live here. 1722 01:21:18,418 --> 01:21:19,710 - Yee-haw! 1723 01:21:19,794 --> 01:21:21,293 ♪ ♪ 1724 01:21:21,377 --> 01:21:23,877 - Bend has over 20 brewpubs 1725 01:21:23,960 --> 01:21:26,168 and is the home of Deschutes beer. 1726 01:21:26,251 --> 01:21:29,251 After first-hand research all over the country, 1727 01:21:29,335 --> 01:21:32,377 we've determined that the number of breweries in a town 1728 01:21:32,460 --> 01:21:35,502 is a great indicator of how it's doing overall. 1729 01:21:37,126 --> 01:21:39,293 [camera shutter clicks] 1730 01:21:41,627 --> 01:21:44,710 - I was voted most likely to succeed in high school, 1731 01:21:44,794 --> 01:21:46,543 and that's still-- that still is gonna happen. 1732 01:21:46,627 --> 01:21:47,752 [camera shutter clicks] 1733 01:21:47,835 --> 01:21:49,210 Here we go. 1734 01:21:49,293 --> 01:21:51,585 - Work it, work it. - Work it, work it. 1735 01:21:51,669 --> 01:21:55,460 In Bend, freelance can be really ups and downs. 1736 01:21:56,960 --> 01:22:02,543 My dad moved to Bend in 1962. 1737 01:22:02,627 --> 01:22:06,752 And he worked for Brooks-Scanlon, the sawmill. 1738 01:22:06,835 --> 01:22:10,251 - And so the Bend of the 1960s when you came here, 1739 01:22:10,335 --> 01:22:12,960 what was it like? - It was just a mill town. 1740 01:22:13,043 --> 01:22:14,377 ♪ ♪ 1741 01:22:14,460 --> 01:22:19,460 And the Brooks-Scanlon Lumber Company was a huge operation. 1742 01:22:19,543 --> 01:22:20,877 - Like West Virginia, 1743 01:22:20,960 --> 01:22:24,710 Oregon's economy always depended on one thing. 1744 01:22:24,794 --> 01:22:27,251 In West Virginia, it was coal. 1745 01:22:27,335 --> 01:22:31,126 In Oregon, it was trees. 1746 01:22:31,210 --> 01:22:34,418 But in the 1980s, the timber industry crashed, 1747 01:22:34,502 --> 01:22:36,585 and sawmills closed. 1748 01:22:36,669 --> 01:22:40,418 Bend suddenly had the highest unemployment in the country. 1749 01:22:40,502 --> 01:22:42,335 - It was pretty staggering. 1750 01:22:42,418 --> 01:22:44,251 We had a lot of mill workers 1751 01:22:44,335 --> 01:22:47,794 that had a lot of skills and nowhere to go. 1752 01:22:47,877 --> 01:22:51,460 It was really hard on most people. 1753 01:22:51,543 --> 01:22:54,168 - Downtown Bend was kind of boarded up. 1754 01:22:54,251 --> 01:22:55,710 - There was a saying in Bend, you know. 1755 01:22:55,794 --> 01:22:57,293 "The last one to leave downtown, 1756 01:22:57,377 --> 01:22:59,001 turn out the lights." 1757 01:22:59,085 --> 01:23:02,251 - Bend was pretty empty when I was a kid. 1758 01:23:02,335 --> 01:23:05,669 I think that Bend was really kind of grasping 1759 01:23:05,752 --> 01:23:08,168 for what was gonna be next. 1760 01:23:08,251 --> 01:23:10,585 My friends, whose parents were in other industries, 1761 01:23:10,669 --> 01:23:11,627 there was hope. 1762 01:23:11,710 --> 01:23:13,960 More tourism was starting to happen. 1763 01:23:14,043 --> 01:23:15,669 Bend has always had Mount Bachelor to rely on, 1764 01:23:15,752 --> 01:23:18,001 and people were still coming to ski. 1765 01:23:18,085 --> 01:23:21,585 - We began to realize a lot of people were moving here 1766 01:23:21,669 --> 01:23:23,126 who had come here on vacation. 1767 01:23:23,210 --> 01:23:25,126 They may have come to ski. 1768 01:23:25,210 --> 01:23:28,043 But then they said, "You know, this is a pretty nice town." 1769 01:23:28,126 --> 01:23:31,168 - Mike Hollern was also at Brooks-Scanlon. 1770 01:23:31,251 --> 01:23:34,001 He saw that the land where they once grew timber 1771 01:23:34,085 --> 01:23:38,126 could be used to build communities. 1772 01:23:38,210 --> 01:23:41,043 They created a series of planned neighborhoods 1773 01:23:41,126 --> 01:23:43,085 designed to encourage a social life, 1774 01:23:43,168 --> 01:23:45,543 with front porches and back alleys. 1775 01:23:45,627 --> 01:23:48,960 ♪ ♪ 1776 01:23:49,043 --> 01:23:51,543 Stores and schools are close to houses. 1777 01:23:51,627 --> 01:23:53,710 - The reason that people like living on the Westside of Bend 1778 01:23:53,794 --> 01:23:56,085 is that you can walk everywhere you want to go. 1779 01:23:56,168 --> 01:23:57,168 That's not always available 1780 01:23:57,251 --> 01:23:59,377 in the newer, suburban model of development. 1781 01:23:59,460 --> 01:24:01,960 ♪ ♪ 1782 01:24:02,043 --> 01:24:03,835 - As the mills were shutting down, 1783 01:24:03,919 --> 01:24:06,669 a plan to turn them into a retail district 1784 01:24:06,752 --> 01:24:09,001 was led by Bill Smith. 1785 01:24:09,085 --> 01:24:12,543 - When the sawmill closed, they had 30 people employed. 1786 01:24:12,627 --> 01:24:14,043 ♪ ♪ 1787 01:24:14,126 --> 01:24:16,752 Now there's 4,000 people employed in the area. 1788 01:24:16,835 --> 01:24:21,627 ♪ ♪ 1789 01:24:21,710 --> 01:24:24,919 [indistinct chatter] 1790 01:24:26,502 --> 01:24:30,710 - Bend has become this haven for remote workers 1791 01:24:30,794 --> 01:24:34,877 that work for companies outside of Oregon. 1792 01:24:34,960 --> 01:24:36,210 I tell entrepreneurs, 1793 01:24:36,293 --> 01:24:39,251 "You can build your business anywhere today." 1794 01:24:39,335 --> 01:24:41,669 Technology allows that. 1795 01:24:41,752 --> 01:24:43,293 Capital and your customers 1796 01:24:43,377 --> 01:24:45,085 don't care where you're located. 1797 01:24:45,168 --> 01:24:52,210 ♪ ♪ 1798 01:24:56,460 --> 01:24:59,251 - Deschutes County has about 6,000 people a year 1799 01:24:59,335 --> 01:25:01,251 moving into the county. 1800 01:25:01,335 --> 01:25:03,585 So many new people are moving in. 1801 01:25:03,669 --> 01:25:04,919 A lot of times, this is 1802 01:25:05,001 --> 01:25:06,085 the first place people will go 1803 01:25:06,168 --> 01:25:07,251 because they don't know 1804 01:25:07,335 --> 01:25:08,835 anybody else in the community 1805 01:25:08,919 --> 01:25:12,210 and they need to start making some social connections. 1806 01:25:12,293 --> 01:25:13,752 [indistinct chatter] 1807 01:25:13,835 --> 01:25:17,251 Last night, we had a program out at a brewery in here town 1808 01:25:17,335 --> 01:25:19,210 with author Rich Benjamin. 1809 01:25:19,293 --> 01:25:20,377 [applause] 1810 01:25:20,460 --> 01:25:23,627 - I've written a book called "Searching for Whitopia." 1811 01:25:23,710 --> 01:25:25,877 How do I define a whitopia? 1812 01:25:25,960 --> 01:25:28,960 That it is at least 85% white, 1813 01:25:29,043 --> 01:25:33,460 the majority of that growth has been from white residents. 1814 01:25:33,543 --> 01:25:36,126 - Bend has more than 90% white people. 1815 01:25:36,210 --> 01:25:37,919 Why is that happening? 1816 01:25:38,001 --> 01:25:40,085 - About white-on-white gentrification. 1817 01:25:40,168 --> 01:25:42,293 - Last night was a really great conversation 1818 01:25:42,377 --> 01:25:45,126 for how we can embrace diversity. 1819 01:25:45,210 --> 01:25:47,126 How do we make this a welcoming place 1820 01:25:47,210 --> 01:25:50,001 for people that are moving into Deschutes County? 1821 01:25:53,168 --> 01:25:56,418 - If I could change anything in Bend, it would be diversity. 1822 01:25:56,502 --> 01:25:59,251 - Tom Bedell and his stepson, RA Beattie, 1823 01:25:59,335 --> 01:26:01,502 make custom guitars in Bend. 1824 01:26:01,585 --> 01:26:04,502 [upbeat music playing] 1825 01:26:04,585 --> 01:26:09,627 ♪ ♪ 1826 01:26:09,710 --> 01:26:13,126 What would the naysayers say is wrong with Bend? 1827 01:26:13,210 --> 01:26:14,835 - It's too big. 1828 01:26:14,919 --> 01:26:16,126 - Yeah, if they got here first, 1829 01:26:16,210 --> 01:26:18,293 they would now say it's too big. 1830 01:26:18,377 --> 01:26:19,335 I wouldn't say that. 1831 01:26:19,418 --> 01:26:21,669 So there's always pressure, you know? 1832 01:26:21,752 --> 01:26:24,168 Like, now that I live here, Californians, stay home. 1833 01:26:24,251 --> 01:26:25,335 - [chuckles] - Right? 1834 01:26:25,418 --> 01:26:27,627 - Yeah. - But that's not fair. 1835 01:26:27,710 --> 01:26:28,835 - It's really hard to complain 1836 01:26:28,919 --> 01:26:31,669 about the people that are making your economy work. 1837 01:26:31,752 --> 01:26:34,502 - Growth is fascinating because communities think 1838 01:26:34,585 --> 01:26:37,877 that the secret to their... 1839 01:26:37,960 --> 01:26:40,335 prosperity is growth. 1840 01:26:40,418 --> 01:26:41,460 And I believe 1841 01:26:41,543 --> 01:26:45,335 that our whole culture is gonna go through a change 1842 01:26:45,418 --> 01:26:48,001 to where growth isn't "the ideal thing." 1843 01:26:48,085 --> 01:26:51,335 If climate change comes from growth, right? 1844 01:26:51,418 --> 01:26:54,001 Expanding economies isn't necessarily 1845 01:26:54,085 --> 01:26:57,669 adding to the quality of life of humans on this planet. 1846 01:26:57,752 --> 01:27:01,043 - The real question is, how do you grow in a fashion 1847 01:27:01,126 --> 01:27:05,752 that doesn't create continued reliance upon the automobile? 1848 01:27:05,835 --> 01:27:07,418 I have so many friends now 1849 01:27:07,502 --> 01:27:09,377 that are looking to either move out of town 1850 01:27:09,460 --> 01:27:11,210 because they can no longer afford to live here 1851 01:27:11,293 --> 01:27:13,418 or are forced to commute 30 minutes a day. 1852 01:27:13,502 --> 01:27:14,752 And so that sort of corrodes 1853 01:27:14,835 --> 01:27:16,377 a community, you know, cohesiveness 1854 01:27:16,460 --> 01:27:17,877 because it no longer allows people 1855 01:27:17,960 --> 01:27:19,418 to live in the communities where they work. 1856 01:27:19,502 --> 01:27:23,669 ♪ ♪ 1857 01:27:30,752 --> 01:27:32,710 [birds singing] 1858 01:27:32,794 --> 01:27:36,502 - Who determines a town's relationship to nature? 1859 01:27:38,669 --> 01:27:40,293 There are still places 1860 01:27:40,377 --> 01:27:43,293 where you can imagine a world without people. 1861 01:27:46,293 --> 01:27:51,418 When Europeans arrived, they carved out farms and ranches. 1862 01:27:51,502 --> 01:27:55,877 Small towns were places to buy and sell goods. 1863 01:27:55,960 --> 01:27:58,293 But as the country industrialized, 1864 01:27:58,377 --> 01:28:02,710 the landscape turned into something unrecognizable... 1865 01:28:02,794 --> 01:28:05,377 ♪ ♪ 1866 01:28:05,460 --> 01:28:08,543 Or these days, all too recognizable 1867 01:28:08,627 --> 01:28:10,543 because the same strip malls, 1868 01:28:10,627 --> 01:28:14,543 box stores, and chain restaurants are everywhere. 1869 01:28:14,627 --> 01:28:21,669 ♪ ♪ 1870 01:28:26,710 --> 01:28:30,835 And when nature is erased, how can you ever get it back? 1871 01:28:30,919 --> 01:28:33,418 It's a tense question in Bend. 1872 01:28:33,502 --> 01:28:39,669 ♪ ♪ 1873 01:28:39,752 --> 01:28:42,752 [cattle mooing] 1874 01:28:47,794 --> 01:28:50,293 - My name's Sky Sharp, and what we do here 1875 01:28:50,377 --> 01:28:53,418 is we raise beef in a good way, 1876 01:28:53,502 --> 01:28:56,335 and we sell it farm to table. 1877 01:28:59,543 --> 01:29:01,627 I chose this life a long time ago 1878 01:29:01,710 --> 01:29:05,669 because it was just where I felt right, you know? 1879 01:29:05,752 --> 01:29:08,126 My whole adult life, I've been a cowboy. 1880 01:29:08,210 --> 01:29:12,001 Like, bunched cows and rode horses. 1881 01:29:12,085 --> 01:29:16,502 I just ended up really liking cows 1882 01:29:16,585 --> 01:29:18,710 more than I liked people. 1883 01:29:20,418 --> 01:29:24,377 My horses and my dogs, we try to work as a unit. 1884 01:29:28,210 --> 01:29:29,835 In the five years that we've been here, 1885 01:29:29,919 --> 01:29:31,085 it's growing so fast 1886 01:29:31,168 --> 01:29:35,669 as far as people moving from California and wherever. 1887 01:29:35,752 --> 01:29:37,418 Lots of farms and ranches 1888 01:29:37,502 --> 01:29:41,293 getting turned into subdivisions. 1889 01:29:41,377 --> 01:29:43,919 Doesn't feel like communities see food producers 1890 01:29:44,001 --> 01:29:46,460 as necessity. 1891 01:29:47,794 --> 01:29:49,043 It's hard. 1892 01:29:49,126 --> 01:29:51,335 I met those cows when they're born. 1893 01:29:51,418 --> 01:29:55,543 You know, I witnessed their first steps. 1894 01:29:55,627 --> 01:29:59,543 And I also take away their last breath, you know? 1895 01:29:59,627 --> 01:30:01,752 So it's emotionally tough. 1896 01:30:01,835 --> 01:30:05,502 ♪ ♪ 1897 01:30:05,585 --> 01:30:08,502 [hooves rumbling] 1898 01:30:08,585 --> 01:30:10,585 ♪ ♪ 1899 01:30:10,669 --> 01:30:13,752 I love watching the subtleties of things 1900 01:30:13,835 --> 01:30:16,418 that always reminds me as a human being 1901 01:30:16,502 --> 01:30:18,919 that I'm part of something much bigger. 1902 01:30:19,001 --> 01:30:21,210 ♪ ♪ 1903 01:30:21,293 --> 01:30:23,377 My whole life, I've felt like I had a purpose, 1904 01:30:23,460 --> 01:30:25,585 and that purpose was to be a shepherd 1905 01:30:25,669 --> 01:30:29,585 and a steward to nature. 1906 01:30:29,669 --> 01:30:31,960 That's what we try to do here. 1907 01:30:32,043 --> 01:30:39,001 ♪ ♪ 1908 01:30:58,710 --> 01:31:00,251 - We started this project 1909 01:31:00,335 --> 01:31:03,710 in the wake of a global financial crisis. 1910 01:31:03,794 --> 01:31:05,085 And as we finish, 1911 01:31:05,168 --> 01:31:07,585 the world is dealing with upheavals 1912 01:31:07,669 --> 01:31:09,251 on a historic scale. 1913 01:31:09,335 --> 01:31:12,126 [soft tense music] 1914 01:31:12,210 --> 01:31:15,126 - The pandemic has transformed just about everything. 1915 01:31:15,210 --> 01:31:19,460 ♪ ♪ 1916 01:31:19,543 --> 01:31:22,126 And inequalities in race and class 1917 01:31:22,210 --> 01:31:24,502 are now in everyone's sight. 1918 01:31:24,585 --> 01:31:28,835 ♪ ♪ 1919 01:31:28,919 --> 01:31:30,293 - It's easy to forget 1920 01:31:30,377 --> 01:31:34,001 that our history is full of convulsive moments. 1921 01:31:34,085 --> 01:31:41,043 ♪ ♪ 1922 01:31:47,418 --> 01:31:51,085 Every town has had its heartbreaks and setbacks. 1923 01:31:52,919 --> 01:31:56,502 And these days, every town is dealing with new ones. 1924 01:31:56,585 --> 01:31:59,794 ♪ ♪ 1925 01:31:59,877 --> 01:32:01,710 - On this journey, we've seen 1926 01:32:01,794 --> 01:32:05,001 how towns have pulled themselves up in the past. 1927 01:32:05,085 --> 01:32:07,710 We can learn from how they did it. 1928 01:32:07,794 --> 01:32:09,752 ♪ ♪ 1929 01:32:09,835 --> 01:32:12,085 Recovery takes working together. 1930 01:32:12,168 --> 01:32:14,960 It's harder in polarized times, 1931 01:32:15,043 --> 01:32:17,919 but towns do it by focusing on local issues 1932 01:32:18,001 --> 01:32:21,043 that are outside the divisions of national politics. 1933 01:32:21,126 --> 01:32:23,502 ♪ ♪ 1934 01:32:23,585 --> 01:32:25,001 - Each town has individuals 1935 01:32:25,085 --> 01:32:28,543 who feel a responsibility to their community. 1936 01:32:28,627 --> 01:32:32,251 - We tried a lot of different things with you. 1937 01:32:32,335 --> 01:32:33,752 Nobody gave up on you, 1938 01:32:33,835 --> 01:32:37,210 so we don't want you giving up on yourself. 1939 01:32:37,293 --> 01:32:40,835 - Democracy has always depended on leadership. 1940 01:32:40,919 --> 01:32:44,502 - The woman chief is powerful. The women ruled. 1941 01:32:44,585 --> 01:32:47,210 I don't know how it shifted to the men. 1942 01:32:47,293 --> 01:32:49,585 I hope these girls look at me and say, 1943 01:32:49,669 --> 01:32:52,752 "I could be that one of these days." 1944 01:32:52,835 --> 01:32:55,251 - Community colleges help people start 1945 01:32:55,335 --> 01:32:57,210 and restart their lives. 1946 01:32:57,293 --> 01:32:59,835 - We take everyone. We're open to everyone. 1947 01:32:59,919 --> 01:33:03,043 Everyone has an opportunity here. 1948 01:33:03,126 --> 01:33:07,335 - Local newspapers and media play a crucial role. 1949 01:33:07,418 --> 01:33:11,585 National news isn't gonna tell you what matters in your town. 1950 01:33:11,669 --> 01:33:15,585 - Voters need journalists at their city council meetings 1951 01:33:15,669 --> 01:33:16,877 and their school board meetings. 1952 01:33:16,960 --> 01:33:18,919 This community stepped up to say, 1953 01:33:19,001 --> 01:33:23,168 "We want you to stay here and keep doing journalism." 1954 01:33:23,251 --> 01:33:25,585 - Public art helps us understand 1955 01:33:25,669 --> 01:33:28,085 where we've been and where we're going, 1956 01:33:28,168 --> 01:33:32,585 especially when people disagree on those things. 1957 01:33:32,669 --> 01:33:34,919 - If you're at a place where there is no scene, 1958 01:33:35,001 --> 01:33:36,585 you make your own scene. 1959 01:33:36,669 --> 01:33:38,585 I'm the person dumb or crazy enough 1960 01:33:38,669 --> 01:33:40,627 to put my money right here. 1961 01:33:40,710 --> 01:33:42,710 I'm going to do contemporary art 1962 01:33:42,794 --> 01:33:44,126 in San Bernardino. 1963 01:33:44,210 --> 01:33:46,418 ♪ ♪ 1964 01:33:46,502 --> 01:33:49,585 - Forward-looking towns take on climate change 1965 01:33:49,669 --> 01:33:51,585 and growth. 1966 01:33:51,669 --> 01:33:56,710 The pandemic reminds us that humans aren't above nature. 1967 01:33:56,794 --> 01:33:58,335 We're part of it. 1968 01:33:58,418 --> 01:34:00,335 [seagulls crying] 1969 01:34:00,418 --> 01:34:05,335 ♪ ♪ 1970 01:34:05,418 --> 01:34:08,335 It seems like wherever we go, 1971 01:34:08,418 --> 01:34:12,585 people have a certain kind of stubbornness. 1972 01:34:12,669 --> 01:34:15,669 Even when things are dark... 1973 01:34:15,752 --> 01:34:17,627 ♪ ♪ 1974 01:34:17,710 --> 01:34:19,669 They're imagining a better future. 1975 01:34:19,752 --> 01:34:26,752 ♪ ♪ 1976 01:34:48,418 --> 01:34:50,210 [laughter] 1977 01:34:50,293 --> 01:34:57,251 ♪ ♪ 1978 01:35:06,251 --> 01:35:07,335 - People would ask, 1979 01:35:07,418 --> 01:35:09,710 why am I spending so much time on this? 1980 01:35:09,794 --> 01:35:13,001 Why am I not doing this in a bigger city? 1981 01:35:13,085 --> 01:35:16,752 I found this quote in "Julius Caesar"... 1982 01:35:37,919 --> 01:35:42,877 ♪ ♪ 1983 01:35:42,960 --> 01:35:44,210 I always felt this way. 1984 01:35:44,293 --> 01:35:47,710 This is a place where, actually, the tide's in, 1985 01:35:47,794 --> 01:35:49,418 and if you put your boats out 1986 01:35:49,502 --> 01:35:51,710 or if you put your ventures out right now, 1987 01:35:51,794 --> 01:35:53,752 you know, we can make something of ourselves. 1988 01:35:53,835 --> 01:36:00,835 ♪ ♪ 1989 01:36:49,043 --> 01:36:51,043 [bright tone]