1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 3 00:01:46,410 --> 00:01:48,543 [upbeat music] 4 00:01:59,858 --> 00:02:04,254 My name is Adán Medrano. I'm a native of San Antonio, Texas and Nava Coahuila, 5 00:02:04,298 --> 00:02:06,604 and I live in Houston. I'm a food writer. 6 00:02:15,265 --> 00:02:19,095 I love to cook. I've been a cook for a long time in restaurants, 7 00:02:19,139 --> 00:02:24,056 and I trained at The Culinary Institute of America sometime back. 8 00:02:24,100 --> 00:02:25,057 That's how I started. 9 00:02:34,589 --> 00:02:38,245 At The Culinary Institute of America, as good as a school it is, 10 00:02:38,288 --> 00:02:42,423 and as well as they do with Argentina, Peru, 11 00:02:42,466 --> 00:02:46,209 with their cuisine, Mexico, they weren't doing my food. 12 00:02:46,253 --> 00:02:48,820 They were not doing the food of poor people who live 13 00:02:48,864 --> 00:02:51,823 in Central and South Texas. 14 00:02:51,867 --> 00:02:54,522 It just wasn't there. It was invisible, nothing. 15 00:02:57,873 --> 00:03:00,919 I had some run-ins with some of the professors who wanted me 16 00:03:00,963 --> 00:03:03,270 to cook a certain way, and I said, "That's not the way you do it." 17 00:03:03,313 --> 00:03:07,143 And I would cook it my way and then they would say, "Oh." 18 00:03:07,187 --> 00:03:13,280 I got my diploma, got certificate and realized that-- 19 00:03:13,323 --> 00:03:16,544 that I needed to tell the story that wasn't being told. 20 00:03:16,587 --> 00:03:18,720 Oh. Gee, that's good. 21 00:03:24,465 --> 00:03:28,686 The Texas-Mexican Cuisine gives you an opportunity to see 22 00:03:28,730 --> 00:03:32,299 how differences are embraced. 23 00:03:32,342 --> 00:03:36,303 But before their embraced, you have to understand them. 24 00:03:36,346 --> 00:03:40,045 Ah, let me show you, let me show you, let me show you. 25 00:03:40,089 --> 00:03:44,049 This. This is what the Texas-Mexican cuisine is about. 26 00:03:44,093 --> 00:03:47,879 This is what the Mexican-American people are about, it's the molcajete. 27 00:03:47,923 --> 00:03:52,319 This molcajete is the metaphor for our food and for our community. 28 00:03:52,362 --> 00:03:54,799 If you take the molcajete... 29 00:03:54,843 --> 00:03:58,629 This is volcanic rock by the way. You're going to put ingredients in there. 30 00:03:58,673 --> 00:04:00,457 You're going to mash them. 31 00:04:00,501 --> 00:04:03,547 You like the sound. Where out of many differences, 32 00:04:03,591 --> 00:04:05,636 they come together, you crush them, 33 00:04:05,680 --> 00:04:07,421 you paste them, you harmonize them 34 00:04:07,464 --> 00:04:10,859 and then you have beauty out of differences. 35 00:04:10,902 --> 00:04:13,688 That's the best way that I could tell you. 36 00:04:13,731 --> 00:04:16,256 [gentle music] 37 00:04:20,651 --> 00:04:23,828 This would be a celebration of the American roots. 38 00:04:26,178 --> 00:04:30,835 I'm hoping that this will be a story that is understood. 39 00:04:30,879 --> 00:04:36,188 I hope it's a story that bothers some people, that bothers most people 40 00:04:36,232 --> 00:04:40,497 because I hope it's a story that is about becoming, what we can become. 41 00:04:40,541 --> 00:04:42,630 [uplifting music] 42 00:04:52,814 --> 00:04:55,860 [warm music] 43 00:04:55,904 --> 00:05:00,169 So I'm often asked, "Do you like Tex-Mex food?" 44 00:05:00,212 --> 00:05:02,258 There are two answers to that. 45 00:05:02,302 --> 00:05:06,523 The first meeting I had for Tex-Mex is it's by Anglos for Anglos, 46 00:05:06,567 --> 00:05:11,615 and it served in places like the tourist centers here in the San Antonio River... 47 00:05:13,400 --> 00:05:17,621 ...was created in the 1900s when Texas food 48 00:05:17,665 --> 00:05:20,363 made by Mexicans, by Native American Mexicans 49 00:05:20,407 --> 00:05:23,279 were so delicious that everyone was coming to San Antonio 50 00:05:23,323 --> 00:05:26,717 because it was a tourist destination because of the food. 51 00:05:27,805 --> 00:05:32,419 But the problem was that it was good and delicious, but... 52 00:05:33,637 --> 00:05:37,728 ...they didn't want to rub elbows with the Mexicans. 53 00:05:37,772 --> 00:05:40,644 So you wanted Mexican food without the Mexicans. 54 00:05:40,688 --> 00:05:44,431 We never ate Tex-Mex food at home, enough with the cheese. 55 00:05:45,388 --> 00:05:51,786 The other meaning of Tex-Mex is owned by Mexican Americans who don't have another word 56 00:05:51,829 --> 00:05:54,354 for the Mexican food of Texas. 57 00:05:54,397 --> 00:05:58,532 It was not called Tex-Mex when the ladies, the chef restaurateurs, 58 00:05:58,575 --> 00:06:01,883 now called Chili Queens, were cooking here at San Antonio, 59 00:06:01,926 --> 00:06:05,669 those ladies who in the 1880s, 1900s, 60 00:06:05,713 --> 00:06:08,629 began the first restaurants of San Antonio in Texas. 61 00:06:08,672 --> 00:06:11,545 The San Antonio original chefs. 62 00:06:11,588 --> 00:06:14,591 [upbeat Mexican themed music] 63 00:06:22,120 --> 00:06:26,473 [Graciela] The Chili Queens of San Antonio were in all the plazas 64 00:06:26,516 --> 00:06:31,956 in the center of the city. So Alamo Plaza was one of the main spaces 65 00:06:32,000 --> 00:06:35,830 that the women congregated to sell their food. 66 00:06:35,873 --> 00:06:40,704 This is where you could find the locals who needed to eat. 67 00:06:40,748 --> 00:06:44,969 This is where tourists who were visiting wanted to eat as well. 68 00:06:45,013 --> 00:06:49,060 We didn't have the restaurants that we know today that were indoors. 69 00:06:49,104 --> 00:06:52,934 So the women just created their puestos, 70 00:06:52,977 --> 00:06:56,241 their little stands, and prepared food. 71 00:06:56,285 --> 00:07:03,118 I know my own great-grandmother, Teresita Cantú, she was a vendor, a chef, 72 00:07:03,161 --> 00:07:06,513 my mother did tell the story of my great-grandmother being a Chili Queen, 73 00:07:06,556 --> 00:07:08,036 and using the word Chili Queen. 74 00:07:08,993 --> 00:07:11,822 The little baby is my mother, who's now 95 years old. 75 00:07:11,866 --> 00:07:16,131 So my great-grandmother, she'd made tamales, 76 00:07:16,174 --> 00:07:19,700 carne guisada, pollo guisado, 77 00:07:19,743 --> 00:07:24,444 arroz con pollo, mole, chile relleno. 78 00:07:24,487 --> 00:07:27,969 I was thinking about nopalitos and capirotada. 79 00:07:28,012 --> 00:07:32,016 Um, so I think those are the foods that she must have made 80 00:07:32,060 --> 00:07:34,715 because those are the ones that my mother made. 81 00:07:34,758 --> 00:07:37,369 So yeah, everyone had a different style. 82 00:07:37,413 --> 00:07:41,069 Everyone had their forte and what food they were going to prepare 83 00:07:41,112 --> 00:07:44,812 and how they prepared it, the food that they had grown up with. 84 00:07:44,855 --> 00:07:47,728 And so that allowed for the diversity 85 00:07:47,771 --> 00:07:53,429 and the meals that were unique and distinct to each one of those stands. 86 00:07:53,473 --> 00:07:57,912 These women have to be recognized for their smartness 87 00:07:57,955 --> 00:08:01,350 and for their business-- for their business smarts. 88 00:08:06,224 --> 00:08:07,922 [fire simmering] 89 00:12:42,065 --> 00:12:43,501 [warm music] 90 00:13:15,882 --> 00:13:20,538 [Maria] A lot of people tell me, "We come to downtown to go shopping, 91 00:13:20,582 --> 00:13:24,020 and we have to stop, eat Maria's, it's just a tradition." 92 00:13:24,978 --> 00:13:27,632 So, you know, everybody knows us, thank God. 93 00:13:31,593 --> 00:13:36,119 I'm Maria Jilma Sanchez, and we're at Maria's restaurant in McAllen, Texas. 94 00:13:37,599 --> 00:13:39,209 This is my mother. 95 00:13:39,253 --> 00:13:41,211 She's the founder of Maria's restaurant. 96 00:13:41,255 --> 00:13:42,952 -[Adán] You're the founder. -Yeah. 97 00:14:08,369 --> 00:14:10,937 My grandpa said, " Mi hija, when you grow up, 98 00:14:10,980 --> 00:14:12,373 you're going to be an excellent cook." 99 00:14:12,416 --> 00:14:14,244 That's what my grandpa told me one time. 100 00:14:14,288 --> 00:14:16,464 I'll never forget that. [laughs] 101 00:14:16,507 --> 00:14:20,511 I knew I wanted to be in the restaurant business 102 00:14:20,555 --> 00:14:24,907 since I guess my teenage years. My mom started and I said, 103 00:14:24,951 --> 00:14:27,954 "My mom can do it, I can do it too." [laughs] 104 00:14:27,997 --> 00:14:30,434 This is Lalo. He's my head waiter. 105 00:14:30,478 --> 00:14:32,480 -Hi, Lalo, Adán, how are you? -Hi. Good. 106 00:14:36,745 --> 00:14:40,444 We're very famous for carnitas, our enchiladas. 107 00:14:40,488 --> 00:14:44,579 Our plato real, plato real, it's got a little bit of everything. 108 00:14:44,622 --> 00:14:46,320 And that's very, very popular. 109 00:14:46,363 --> 00:14:48,583 And then we have our bistec ranchero, 110 00:14:48,626 --> 00:14:52,282 and, uh, we have, uh, de caldo de res. 111 00:14:52,326 --> 00:14:55,285 Fideo, a lot of people don't know how to make fideo. [laughs] 112 00:14:55,329 --> 00:14:56,939 Hey, we make it. [laughs] 113 00:14:56,983 --> 00:14:59,202 -[Adán] Pico de gallo? -[Maria] Pico de gallo. 114 00:14:59,246 --> 00:15:01,813 Pico de gallo. I've never tasted it. 115 00:15:01,857 --> 00:15:06,514 [Maria] This is made with tomato, onion, cilantro, jalapeno. 116 00:15:06,557 --> 00:15:08,255 -Jalapeno. -Jalapeno, yes. 117 00:15:08,298 --> 00:15:09,865 [Adán speaking in Spanish] or is it fresh? 118 00:15:09,909 --> 00:15:12,999 [Maria] It's fresh, it's all fresh. 119 00:15:13,042 --> 00:15:16,045 And then we just put it in the blender. That's it. 120 00:15:16,089 --> 00:15:17,220 Little bit of salt. 121 00:15:18,482 --> 00:15:20,354 That's all, simple as that. 122 00:15:22,660 --> 00:15:26,012 We get a lot of young customers, a lot of young customers, especially on Saturdays saying, 123 00:15:26,055 --> 00:15:28,318 "Ma'am. We didn't know you all existed, my God. 124 00:15:28,362 --> 00:15:32,409 This is food, pizza." Everybody, they get all excited 125 00:15:32,453 --> 00:15:35,456 because it beats Taco Bell, and I go, "Well, hello." 126 00:15:35,499 --> 00:15:38,459 -[laughs] -[Adán] I like your first cardboard-- 127 00:15:38,502 --> 00:15:41,984 -What do you call it? -Cardboard. Cardboard food. 128 00:15:42,028 --> 00:15:45,727 We call it cardboard food. [laughing] 129 00:15:47,598 --> 00:15:49,992 What do you think of the new ones in the fast food-- 130 00:15:50,036 --> 00:15:53,953 -Oh, mira, okay. My! -[both laughing] 131 00:15:53,996 --> 00:15:55,780 -Look at that. -[Maria] And our homemade tortillas. 132 00:15:55,824 --> 00:15:58,000 -[Adán] Homemade tortillas. -[Maria] Yes, sir. 133 00:15:58,044 --> 00:16:00,785 [Adán] It's very-- it's very obvious these are-- 134 00:16:00,829 --> 00:16:02,439 [Maria] Yeah, they're homemade, we make them here. 135 00:16:02,483 --> 00:16:04,964 [Adán] And this is the way we ate it. 136 00:16:05,007 --> 00:16:06,878 We didn't use a spoon. We went like this. 137 00:16:06,922 --> 00:16:10,012 [Maria] Yes, of course, that's much better. [laughs] 138 00:16:10,056 --> 00:16:13,189 [Maria's mother] And it tastes better. 139 00:16:13,233 --> 00:16:16,801 [Adán] Are there many women business restaurant owners like yourself? 140 00:16:16,845 --> 00:16:20,457 [Maria] I would say like five that I know, they're close friends of mine. 141 00:16:20,501 --> 00:16:22,111 And they all-- they all started here. 142 00:16:23,983 --> 00:16:27,029 They all started as a waitress, and now they have their own business. 143 00:16:27,073 --> 00:16:30,337 It means I-- we taught them good. [laughs] 144 00:16:30,380 --> 00:16:33,514 My cooks are all women. My dishwashers are men. 145 00:16:33,557 --> 00:16:39,781 We try and having that-- a male cook, but my ladies, they're too, you know, picky. 146 00:16:39,824 --> 00:16:43,219 So we'd rather have ladies, they understand each other better. 147 00:16:43,263 --> 00:16:45,221 It's the care they put into our food. 148 00:16:48,746 --> 00:16:51,619 They are my kids, with them I'm-- I'm strong. 149 00:16:52,663 --> 00:16:56,711 I'm strong. The women have to be on top now. [laughs] 150 00:16:56,754 --> 00:16:58,452 I just love being here. 151 00:16:58,495 --> 00:17:00,845 You know, I love my-- I love the business. 152 00:17:01,716 --> 00:17:06,068 I always said, I always made homemade cookies. 153 00:17:06,112 --> 00:17:08,766 And that's what people like. 154 00:17:08,810 --> 00:17:12,379 -Mama knows best, Mama cooks better. -[laughing] 155 00:17:13,641 --> 00:17:17,688 [Maria] When a customer tells me, "Golly, I just finished eating this plate." 156 00:17:17,732 --> 00:17:20,822 And it reminds me of Grandma, like, you know, you make it good 157 00:17:20,865 --> 00:17:23,999 like Grandma used to make it. I bring them memories. 158 00:17:24,043 --> 00:17:27,002 And he goes, "That's why we like eating here because it's comida casera." 159 00:17:27,046 --> 00:17:30,788 Just like home. [laughs] That's what it is. Yeah. 160 00:17:30,832 --> 00:17:33,008 -[Adán] You bring them memories. -Mm-hmm. Exactly. 161 00:17:35,793 --> 00:17:38,100 [mellow music] 162 00:18:03,778 --> 00:18:06,128 [chimes ringing] 163 00:18:10,567 --> 00:18:13,483 [distant chatter] 164 00:21:53,573 --> 00:21:55,792 Mm! Mm! 165 00:22:02,016 --> 00:22:03,931 Oh, that's nice. [chuckles] 166 00:22:04,932 --> 00:22:07,413 That's very, very nice. 167 00:22:07,456 --> 00:22:09,893 The flavor is so different. It's a lovely cinnamon taste. 168 00:22:14,985 --> 00:22:16,639 -That's lovely. -[Leticia chuckles] 169 00:22:16,683 --> 00:22:17,814 Thank you very much. 170 00:22:25,213 --> 00:22:27,084 [chuckles] 171 00:22:31,306 --> 00:22:33,787 [mellow music] 172 00:22:51,282 --> 00:22:54,938 So, you want to take a look? [chuckles] 173 00:22:54,982 --> 00:22:56,026 Okay. 174 00:22:57,767 --> 00:23:00,857 My name is Celeste de Luna and we're here in Harlingen, Texas. 175 00:23:00,901 --> 00:23:06,297 Recently I, um, bought a new press, it was expensive. 176 00:23:06,341 --> 00:23:09,083 And I saved for three years out of art sales to buy it. 177 00:23:09,997 --> 00:23:14,480 I never understood men and their cars and like how they love their cars 178 00:23:14,523 --> 00:23:17,831 so much and gave it a name and all that, but I get it now. 179 00:23:17,874 --> 00:23:20,311 I feel that way about my press. [laughs] 180 00:23:22,749 --> 00:23:28,450 You would ink it up and then you'll pla-- you place your matrix right here. 181 00:23:28,494 --> 00:23:34,848 So then you put your paper like this this. Put this down. And so then you put it 182 00:23:34,891 --> 00:23:40,244 through like this. Then it would end up looking like the impression. 183 00:23:42,725 --> 00:23:44,466 This is my Coatlicue print. 184 00:23:44,510 --> 00:23:46,903 That's one that I've done just 185 00:23:46,947 --> 00:23:50,124 'cause I've loved the idea of Coatlicue, 186 00:23:50,167 --> 00:23:52,953 who is a Mexican goddess. 187 00:23:52,996 --> 00:23:57,044 Most people refer to her as like the goddess of birth and death. 188 00:23:57,087 --> 00:24:01,265 This is my one of my tamalada prints. 189 00:24:01,309 --> 00:24:04,486 We would have a tamalada and we-- my par-- my family would kill a pig. 190 00:24:04,530 --> 00:24:08,447 And so I can remember my mom, you know having a whole pig 191 00:24:08,490 --> 00:24:11,798 on, you know, the mesa, on the countertop, 192 00:24:11,841 --> 00:24:14,844 I mean, how horrifying is that. And then you know, "Why don't you like horror movies? 193 00:24:14,888 --> 00:24:17,064 Right, like how--" [laughs] 194 00:24:17,107 --> 00:24:20,850 Like and you come in and you're like, "Ah!" Like, and there's a pig 195 00:24:20,894 --> 00:24:23,200 -and it's dead. -[Adán laughs] There's blood. 196 00:24:23,244 --> 00:24:26,943 There's blood everywhere and your mom, "Good morning." You know. 197 00:24:28,989 --> 00:24:31,731 -"No!" -[both laughing] 198 00:24:33,559 --> 00:24:36,518 I give my life for your tamales. 199 00:24:36,562 --> 00:24:40,174 And so this is my little honoring of the pig in general. 200 00:24:41,044 --> 00:24:46,746 [Adán] So, we are going to make a Rio Grande Valley Specialty. 201 00:24:46,789 --> 00:24:52,186 That's an original recipe by Celeste, which I am going to taste 202 00:24:52,229 --> 00:24:55,581 -for the first time, and it's called grapefruit pie. -[chuckles] 203 00:24:55,624 --> 00:24:59,367 -[Celeste] People who love grapefruit do love this pie. -[Adán] Do love it? Okay. 204 00:24:59,410 --> 00:25:01,543 [Celeste] You know, I can remember my mom sort of 205 00:25:01,587 --> 00:25:04,154 eating grapefruit at the kitchen table. 206 00:25:04,198 --> 00:25:08,202 And I think, man, you know, if she were alive, she would have loved this pie. 207 00:25:11,858 --> 00:25:14,513 And then you put a little bit of the gelatin, 208 00:25:14,556 --> 00:25:17,516 you put it in the fridge for an hour, it'll gel. 209 00:25:17,559 --> 00:25:21,563 Then we would take our grapefruit slices, arrange them, then pour the rest 210 00:25:21,607 --> 00:25:24,827 of the gel in there. And then cover it and we can-- 211 00:25:24,871 --> 00:25:27,047 we can put it in the refrigerator, and then it's done. 212 00:25:30,659 --> 00:25:33,183 [Adán] And the light is just right, it shimmers. 213 00:25:33,227 --> 00:25:35,055 [chuckles] Oh, it's great. 214 00:25:35,098 --> 00:25:36,360 -That's beautiful. -Doesn't it look great? 215 00:25:36,404 --> 00:25:38,362 -Oh, yeah. -Okay. 216 00:25:39,538 --> 00:25:40,756 We shall. 217 00:25:45,195 --> 00:25:47,197 [laughing] 218 00:25:48,547 --> 00:25:50,505 -Do you like it? -Mm! 219 00:25:50,549 --> 00:25:52,333 -[laughing] -I love it. 220 00:25:53,290 --> 00:25:56,642 -It's good? [laughing] -It's good. It's good. 221 00:25:56,685 --> 00:25:58,426 And it's unique. 222 00:25:58,469 --> 00:26:00,602 People don't know that you could make 223 00:26:00,646 --> 00:26:02,038 a grapefruit pie. 224 00:26:02,082 --> 00:26:04,867 It's, like, I had never heard of it. 225 00:26:04,911 --> 00:26:06,782 [laughing] 226 00:26:07,740 --> 00:26:09,568 -Oh my goodness. -It's really good. 227 00:26:11,265 --> 00:26:14,050 [Celeste] I think I grew to love cooking because of my mom. 228 00:26:14,094 --> 00:26:17,750 She cooked for-- she did the tortillas de mano. 229 00:26:17,793 --> 00:26:20,666 She had her molcajete, which I have here. 230 00:26:21,971 --> 00:26:25,366 This is my mother's molcajete. I have it here in a little place of honor. 231 00:26:25,409 --> 00:26:29,326 These are her-- her kitchen towels, which she did, embroidered by hand 232 00:26:29,370 --> 00:26:31,590 when she was younger. There you go. 233 00:26:36,072 --> 00:26:38,901 You know, you have this idea of women being-- are supposed to be 234 00:26:38,945 --> 00:26:44,080 in the kitchen, but the men, the people who get fame for being professional chefs are men. 235 00:26:45,778 --> 00:26:48,911 I mean, the only way that you can really account for that is again, sexism. 236 00:26:48,955 --> 00:26:51,261 Like we-- you have to call it for what it is. 237 00:26:51,305 --> 00:26:53,742 -Salud. -Laughing. 238 00:26:53,786 --> 00:26:57,833 People don't want to give women credit because women have traditionally not 239 00:26:57,877 --> 00:27:00,575 been acknowledged as experts. 240 00:27:00,619 --> 00:27:03,273 It's hard for people to accept women as experts. 241 00:27:03,317 --> 00:27:07,538 I think there always have been women there, but just kind of relegated to those 242 00:27:07,582 --> 00:27:09,062 shadow areas. 243 00:27:09,105 --> 00:27:11,804 -Cheers. -[Adán] Cheers to your work too. 244 00:27:19,289 --> 00:27:21,988 [Celeste] Cooking is in my own way 245 00:27:22,031 --> 00:27:24,555 part of art activism, because it's part of our culture. 246 00:27:24,599 --> 00:27:28,124 And I want to keep it up so that we can have the recipes 247 00:27:28,168 --> 00:27:33,695 that my mom taught me. And also just to be healthy, be happy, 248 00:27:33,739 --> 00:27:36,872 but it's connected to the land. We have to think-- I think 249 00:27:36,916 --> 00:27:39,527 thinking about that, and also having a garden... 250 00:27:40,484 --> 00:27:43,836 ...maybe seeing some-- being a little closer to the traditions. 251 00:27:43,879 --> 00:27:45,446 Food is so important. 252 00:27:45,489 --> 00:27:48,101 [gentle music] 253 00:27:53,280 --> 00:27:55,935 [Alston] We are in South Central North America. 254 00:27:55,978 --> 00:28:00,417 It happens to be Bear County, Texas in San Antonio. 255 00:28:03,377 --> 00:28:07,337 And if you look over here just on the other side of the trees 256 00:28:07,381 --> 00:28:10,732 where the low trees are growing still down here in the bottom, 257 00:28:10,776 --> 00:28:13,909 that's 10,000 years old. All through here, 258 00:28:13,953 --> 00:28:20,568 we excavated 700 square meters from 20 different encampments, 259 00:28:20,611 --> 00:28:27,531 and we found earth ovens, projectile points, knives, scrapers, mussel shells. 260 00:28:28,402 --> 00:28:30,143 [cicadas chirping] 261 00:28:31,231 --> 00:28:34,277 The south central part of the North American continent. 262 00:28:34,321 --> 00:28:36,715 It's a very important place for inner-- 263 00:28:36,758 --> 00:28:42,155 literally international travel from Central America to Mexico, 264 00:28:42,198 --> 00:28:47,029 along the highway that the Spanish call the Camino Real, which comes right through here. 265 00:28:49,336 --> 00:28:55,385 We know that road literally in one level comes from Mexico City, 266 00:28:55,429 --> 00:28:58,824 all the way through northern Mexico and the mountains, 267 00:28:58,867 --> 00:29:02,741 all the way across the Rio Bravo and goes to St. Louis. 268 00:29:02,784 --> 00:29:06,919 And that's where there were huge pyramids 2,000 years ago. 269 00:29:06,962 --> 00:29:11,314 And the people who manage those pyramids in St. Louis, Cahokia Mounds, 270 00:29:11,358 --> 00:29:15,623 new people who manage pyramids in Mexico City. 271 00:29:15,666 --> 00:29:19,975 The Indian people who lived here, different from many other places 272 00:29:20,019 --> 00:29:23,936 were always hunters and gatherers, 15,000 years ago, 273 00:29:23,979 --> 00:29:26,808 they were hunting mammoths. 1,000 years ago, 274 00:29:26,852 --> 00:29:30,551 they were hunting whitetail deer and through most of that time, 275 00:29:30,594 --> 00:29:33,510 they were eating plant foods that are all around us today. 276 00:29:35,251 --> 00:29:41,736 We're standing on a terrace surface, an this terrace is 50,000 years old. 277 00:29:41,780 --> 00:29:46,741 So every person who ever walked through southern bear county, 278 00:29:46,785 --> 00:29:49,439 walked on the same surface we're standing on. 279 00:29:49,483 --> 00:29:53,095 And whatever they dropped, whatever they did, that evidence was left here. 280 00:29:53,139 --> 00:29:55,010 There's a lot of stone here. 281 00:29:55,054 --> 00:29:56,795 -How about this one? -Sure. 282 00:29:58,361 --> 00:30:01,582 See how it has kind of a pointed end here, 283 00:30:01,625 --> 00:30:04,672 that pointed end, that was mounted on a stick. 284 00:30:04,715 --> 00:30:08,154 And that was used to groove bone or wood 285 00:30:08,197 --> 00:30:12,027 and make a groove in it so then it could be snapped. 286 00:30:12,071 --> 00:30:14,769 It's called a graver or an engraver. 287 00:30:17,293 --> 00:30:21,036 Everybody thinks they're the first people here, even if they're Hispanic. 288 00:30:21,080 --> 00:30:26,563 They think the Spanish were the first here. They don't look back into understanding 289 00:30:26,607 --> 00:30:31,655 the depth of history. History is more than what we see in our lifetimes 290 00:30:31,699 --> 00:30:34,180 or what our grandparents can tell us. 291 00:30:34,223 --> 00:30:35,311 [Adán] Ah! 292 00:30:37,748 --> 00:30:38,662 [Adán] Here. 293 00:30:38,706 --> 00:30:39,663 Now, I'll-- 294 00:30:39,707 --> 00:30:40,926 I'll do it sideways 295 00:30:40,969 --> 00:30:43,624 like I was cross country skiing. 296 00:30:54,156 --> 00:30:57,377 [Alston] Here's what the Indians came for down here. 297 00:31:04,688 --> 00:31:06,168 See, that's the flint. 298 00:31:06,212 --> 00:31:09,432 That's-- that's what these guys are after. 299 00:31:09,476 --> 00:31:10,869 That's what's-- see. 300 00:31:13,175 --> 00:31:15,743 Cut yourself with it every time. 301 00:31:15,786 --> 00:31:19,529 But-- but this is what-- what the river-- this river supplied, 302 00:31:19,573 --> 00:31:21,749 this was probably the most important resource. 303 00:31:24,186 --> 00:31:25,579 It's so refreshing. 304 00:31:25,622 --> 00:31:27,581 [Adán] It makes me more grounded 305 00:31:27,624 --> 00:31:30,323 of who I am and knowing that I belong here. 306 00:31:30,366 --> 00:31:33,239 [Alston] And not only knowing that you belong here, 307 00:31:33,282 --> 00:31:38,374 but part of the evidence is that the food's here, your body is sustained 308 00:31:38,418 --> 00:31:42,726 on the same foods that the ancestors were thousands of years ago. 309 00:31:42,770 --> 00:31:46,426 And right here where we are, we drove past all of the nopalito, 310 00:31:46,469 --> 00:31:48,689 all of the new tunas that are coming in, 311 00:31:48,732 --> 00:31:52,954 the onions are there, the fruits are all here, pecans, 312 00:31:52,998 --> 00:31:55,522 you know, where did pecans come from? 313 00:31:55,565 --> 00:31:57,654 You know, they're Northeastern Mexico and South Texas 314 00:31:57,698 --> 00:31:59,787 are the-- where pecans come from. 315 00:31:59,830 --> 00:32:03,443 Tomatoes are strictly Native American, squash, beans. 316 00:32:03,486 --> 00:32:08,970 All of these foods are all Native American foods that sustain the whole world today. 317 00:32:09,014 --> 00:32:11,190 And they were domesticated right here. 318 00:32:11,233 --> 00:32:13,627 But if you think about where you're standing, 319 00:32:13,670 --> 00:32:17,109 your ancestors have been standing here breathing this air 320 00:32:17,152 --> 00:32:20,199 for 10,000 years, and that's got to be empowering. 321 00:32:20,242 --> 00:32:22,592 [mellow music] 322 00:32:23,506 --> 00:32:29,730 [Alston] It's an empowering story because it opens up the whole question of North America. 323 00:32:29,773 --> 00:32:32,211 How did North America come to be what it is today? 324 00:32:32,254 --> 00:32:36,432 And who are the immigrants, and who are the original inhabitants? 325 00:32:48,836 --> 00:32:52,666 My name's Homero Vera, I'm from Premont, Texas, 326 00:32:52,709 --> 00:32:54,842 and we're here at my ranch in Duval County. 327 00:32:59,673 --> 00:33:01,501 -[Adán] So is this another one? -[Homero] Yes. 328 00:33:03,894 --> 00:33:06,027 [Adán] So you just walk and... 329 00:33:06,071 --> 00:33:09,248 [Homero] These are the berries from the Brazil bush. 330 00:33:09,291 --> 00:33:12,425 They're very sour, not real sour, 331 00:33:12,468 --> 00:33:14,035 more sweet than sour. 332 00:33:16,037 --> 00:33:19,127 -Is it native to here? -Yeah. Yeah. 333 00:33:19,171 --> 00:33:21,173 -[Adán] Did you grow up on these? -[Homero] Oh, yes. 334 00:33:21,216 --> 00:33:23,001 -[Adán] Yeah? As a child? -[Homero] Yes. 335 00:33:24,089 --> 00:33:25,220 [Homero] Another one here. 336 00:33:27,353 --> 00:33:29,833 I mean, you could probably make some jelly out of it, 337 00:33:29,877 --> 00:33:32,097 -you get-- you got to pick a lot of them. -Mm-hmm. 338 00:33:34,316 --> 00:33:35,491 Very nice. 339 00:33:36,579 --> 00:33:40,322 Okay, this is a Texas persimmon. 340 00:33:40,366 --> 00:33:43,673 [speaking in Spanish] 341 00:33:43,717 --> 00:33:46,850 And it's a little, round, miniature plum, 342 00:33:46,894 --> 00:33:49,288 and it's just real sweet. And, uh-- 343 00:33:49,331 --> 00:33:51,507 and you can probably make some really good jam out of it. 344 00:33:51,551 --> 00:33:54,467 It also will stain you, it'll leave a stain on your clothes, 345 00:33:54,510 --> 00:33:56,947 you put it on your clothes. It could possibly be used as a dye also. 346 00:33:56,991 --> 00:34:00,864 You can see up here, we have all these green ones here. 347 00:34:00,908 --> 00:34:05,260 That's one of the few brush species that doesn't have any thorns. 348 00:34:11,701 --> 00:34:12,963 [speaking in Spanish] 349 00:34:17,533 --> 00:34:19,927 Yeah, these are perfect, perfect specimen, small. 350 00:34:24,888 --> 00:34:26,716 Mm, it's delicious. 351 00:34:27,674 --> 00:34:29,371 -It's so sweet. -Yeah. 352 00:34:29,415 --> 00:34:31,852 There's seed-- Look at how it's stained me. 353 00:34:31,895 --> 00:34:33,680 -Yeah. -Oh, yeah. 354 00:34:33,723 --> 00:34:36,335 -[Adán] It's-- I want another one. -[both chuckling] 355 00:34:37,379 --> 00:34:40,034 Thank you. This is an adventure. Real adventure. 356 00:34:42,558 --> 00:34:44,865 This is great, and the big sky. 357 00:34:44,908 --> 00:34:51,524 [Homero] This is your typical prickly pear cactus, here in South Texas. 358 00:34:51,567 --> 00:34:56,616 This is what indigenous people from Central Texas along the coast, 359 00:34:56,659 --> 00:35:00,533 they would make the trek down here just to come pick these prickly pears. 360 00:35:00,576 --> 00:35:03,666 They would eat them then or they take them back and dry them out, 361 00:35:03,710 --> 00:35:06,147 and then they would eat them later on. 362 00:35:06,191 --> 00:35:11,109 Now, these tunas now, they're very popular to making margaritas out of them. 363 00:35:11,152 --> 00:35:13,198 [Adán] And how do you pick them, you just grab them and twist them? 364 00:35:13,241 --> 00:35:14,112 [Homero] Yeah. 365 00:35:17,854 --> 00:35:21,293 -This is real-- you see how purple it is. -Very purple. 366 00:35:21,336 --> 00:35:26,254 Yeah, you put them in Tequila, and it has that purple look. 367 00:35:26,298 --> 00:35:29,127 And they're just really, really nice looking. 368 00:35:29,170 --> 00:35:33,043 -[Adán] Do you eat these petals? -Nopalias, nopalitos, yes. 369 00:35:33,087 --> 00:35:39,224 [Homero] After a good rain, you might get some new, young, tender pads that come out. 370 00:35:39,267 --> 00:35:42,183 And those are really the only ones that you can eat. 371 00:35:42,227 --> 00:35:44,620 -This and nopalitos, they have to be tender. -Right, yeah. 372 00:35:44,664 --> 00:35:46,796 They have to be tender for nopalitos. 373 00:35:46,840 --> 00:35:48,929 -[Adán] Maybe we can cook some. -[Homero] Yes. 374 00:35:48,972 --> 00:35:52,672 Now... we can move from this to the-- to the mesquite. 375 00:35:52,715 --> 00:35:53,934 [speaking in Spanish] 376 00:35:53,977 --> 00:35:57,067 Mesquite is also a food, right? 377 00:35:57,111 --> 00:36:00,158 Yes, and you can see on the ground here... 378 00:36:00,201 --> 00:36:03,422 ...the mesquite tree was maturing here like a week or so ago. 379 00:36:03,465 --> 00:36:05,511 It was just covered with mesquite pods. 380 00:36:06,773 --> 00:36:10,690 And his book, the Relación that Cabeza de Vaca wrote when he was 381 00:36:10,733 --> 00:36:15,956 coming through here in the 1520's, he noticed that the Indians would pick 382 00:36:15,999 --> 00:36:19,916 the mesquite beans and they would make a hole-- hole in the ground, 383 00:36:19,960 --> 00:36:24,878 beat them up with a stick, put a bit of water and then they would-- 384 00:36:24,921 --> 00:36:26,271 they would eat the mush. 385 00:36:28,316 --> 00:36:31,406 Um, but that's-- that's the account of Cabeza de Vaca on the mesquite beans. 386 00:36:34,888 --> 00:36:37,630 -Mm. It's sweet. -Mm-hmm. 387 00:36:39,980 --> 00:36:42,200 -We can make cookies with them. -Mm-hmm. 388 00:36:44,724 --> 00:36:47,901 [Homero] History has always been my passion since I was a little kid. 389 00:36:47,944 --> 00:36:52,906 I had just a god-given talent for remembering dates and times and places. 390 00:36:52,949 --> 00:36:56,736 I already had this idea, this magazine about our culture, 391 00:36:56,779 --> 00:36:59,521 the Next American culture of South Texas, Northern Mexico. 392 00:36:59,565 --> 00:37:06,267 And I called it EL Mesteño, because mesteño means the wild-- 393 00:37:06,311 --> 00:37:09,879 natural wildlife that live in this habitated area. 394 00:37:09,923 --> 00:37:12,752 And then I always had a section on food. 395 00:37:12,795 --> 00:37:16,234 Because, you know, that's what we eat. 396 00:37:16,277 --> 00:37:19,628 You know, just all these recipes that would be lost. 397 00:37:19,672 --> 00:37:26,156 So I got quite a few recipes from my aunt's and my mom and I would publish them. 398 00:37:26,200 --> 00:37:30,335 [Adán] This part of the country is not understood, people just don't know about it. 399 00:37:30,378 --> 00:37:35,557 It's an unknown treasure, if you grew up with this, but when you leave this region, 400 00:37:35,601 --> 00:37:38,734 I mean, you won't know anybody else who has grown up with this type of food. 401 00:37:38,778 --> 00:37:41,824 No, it's called a desert here, 402 00:37:41,868 --> 00:37:46,699 but there's so much that it produces that people don't realize. 403 00:37:50,877 --> 00:37:57,623 This is one of the staple products that the indigenous people here would eat, 404 00:37:57,666 --> 00:37:58,798 deer meat. 405 00:38:00,495 --> 00:38:04,412 -I'll make a guisado out of it. -Your seasoning it very simply? 406 00:38:04,456 --> 00:38:05,718 -Is that-- -[Homero] Yeah. 407 00:38:07,285 --> 00:38:10,462 All right. I'm going to the frying pan. 408 00:38:10,505 --> 00:38:13,291 And you can tell that the meat is very, very lean. 409 00:38:14,379 --> 00:38:17,382 [Adán] And where did you learn how to do this carne guisada? 410 00:38:17,425 --> 00:38:20,385 [Homero] From my mom. As a little kid I watched her, 411 00:38:20,428 --> 00:38:22,300 and I always like to cook. 412 00:38:23,823 --> 00:38:26,956 Why don't you introduce your wife who's going to be cooking with us? 413 00:38:27,000 --> 00:38:31,004 -This is my wife, Leti. -Leticia Vera. 414 00:38:32,092 --> 00:38:35,356 [Adán] So we'll be tasting Leti's guacamole tonight. 415 00:38:36,575 --> 00:38:38,664 [unintelligible] 416 00:38:41,971 --> 00:38:44,452 [Leticia] We're going to add some onion to it. 417 00:38:44,496 --> 00:38:47,281 [Adán] But that's a sweet onion. So that will be very nice. 418 00:39:13,307 --> 00:39:17,224 [Homero] My great-grandmother, her name was Victoriana Martinez de Vera, 419 00:39:17,267 --> 00:39:20,270 and this is her molcajete, so... 420 00:39:21,315 --> 00:39:24,927 ...I know it's at least over 100 years old, or probably more than that. 421 00:39:28,409 --> 00:39:31,586 [Adán] So do you remember your mother or your grandmother actually using this? 422 00:39:31,630 --> 00:39:33,414 -[Leticia] Oh, yeah. -Oh, yeah. Yes. 423 00:39:33,458 --> 00:39:34,807 My mother used it every day. 424 00:39:36,591 --> 00:39:38,985 Got a nice little paste here. 425 00:39:39,028 --> 00:39:42,423 And that's going to go into our meat. 426 00:39:44,599 --> 00:39:46,514 [unintelligible chatter] 427 00:39:46,558 --> 00:39:50,823 So this is now the powder from the mesquite bean. 428 00:39:50,866 --> 00:39:53,695 And then this is agave, agave nectar, 429 00:39:53,739 --> 00:39:57,743 and I just put a little bit until I can form it into balls. 430 00:39:58,700 --> 00:39:59,701 You drop it into... 431 00:40:02,400 --> 00:40:07,100 So this is a sweet candy, a delicious treat for the kids, 432 00:40:07,143 --> 00:40:10,712 and it's totally natural. And it's an ancient, ancient 433 00:40:10,756 --> 00:40:12,932 ingredient from this part of the world. 434 00:40:14,368 --> 00:40:15,413 Candy balls. 435 00:40:19,547 --> 00:40:20,679 Mm! 436 00:40:22,463 --> 00:40:25,988 -The nice thing is that it belongs to all this land. -Mm-hmm. 437 00:40:26,032 --> 00:40:29,688 -This is good. -This is good. I'm glad you like it. 438 00:40:51,492 --> 00:40:53,712 [mellow music] 439 00:41:35,580 --> 00:41:39,018 -[Christine] Actually, there are drinks. -[laughing] 440 00:41:39,061 --> 00:41:42,543 -Okay, I'm drinking two now. -Yes, you're... 441 00:41:42,587 --> 00:41:47,592 I'm Christine Ortega and you're in my home. [chuckles] 442 00:41:48,549 --> 00:41:55,164 So, my brothers and I started the idea of cooking a cabeza de pozo. 443 00:41:55,208 --> 00:41:59,952 Because nobody in our family really had done it since my grandparents had done it. 444 00:41:59,995 --> 00:42:03,346 It was actually my idea to try to figure out how to do this again. 445 00:42:03,390 --> 00:42:06,045 -I just cheated, I put it in my washer. -[women laughing] 446 00:42:06,088 --> 00:42:08,134 I put it on the rinse cycle. 447 00:42:08,177 --> 00:42:11,180 [Adán] It's a very special night for me because my niece 448 00:42:11,224 --> 00:42:13,269 was starting the tradition up again, 449 00:42:13,313 --> 00:42:16,446 as she had remembered doing it when she was very young. 450 00:42:17,578 --> 00:42:21,626 I didn't know that this memory I had about making a cabeza de pozo 451 00:42:21,669 --> 00:42:24,454 would actually continue in my family. 452 00:42:32,245 --> 00:42:34,247 -How are you doing, sir? -[speaking in Spanish] 453 00:42:34,290 --> 00:42:37,729 -[speaking in Spanish] -We're gonna have a barbacoa de pozo. 454 00:42:37,772 --> 00:42:41,036 -Oh, sí? -At this family's, and they told me... 455 00:42:41,080 --> 00:42:43,952 [speaking in Spanish] ...we need a cows head. 456 00:42:43,996 --> 00:42:45,301 -Sí, we've got it. -You have it. 457 00:42:45,345 --> 00:42:46,520 Let's see what we got. 458 00:42:50,698 --> 00:42:54,354 -[man] So here's a-- here's a nice beef head. -[Adán] Oh my goodness. 459 00:42:55,921 --> 00:42:59,707 It's got the tongue, it's got the eyes, got the cachete. 460 00:42:59,751 --> 00:43:02,710 It's got everything. This is ready to go. 461 00:43:02,754 --> 00:43:04,756 And it's a USDA inspected beef head. 462 00:43:08,586 --> 00:43:11,066 -Listo! -[Adán] Okay, is it heavy? 463 00:43:11,110 --> 00:43:12,894 Oh, a little bit, weighs about 28 pounds. 464 00:43:20,598 --> 00:43:23,426 [Christine] You know, there's something very graphic about dealing 465 00:43:23,470 --> 00:43:25,907 with a raw piece of meat 466 00:43:25,951 --> 00:43:27,996 and a head, right? 467 00:43:28,040 --> 00:43:31,565 Even my friends freak out. I think one of them threw up once. 468 00:43:31,609 --> 00:43:36,657 So I season it with salt and pepper, we do-- I do use the garlic cloves. 469 00:43:36,701 --> 00:43:40,748 My grandmother would always use a white linen, just a plain white linen. 470 00:43:40,792 --> 00:43:45,971 The process is you really have to immerse the fabric in water. 471 00:43:46,014 --> 00:43:48,843 The burlap is secondary wrap. 472 00:43:48,887 --> 00:43:54,632 And that too should be soaked in water, actually longer than 24 hours. 473 00:43:57,504 --> 00:43:58,940 Oh my God, trial and error. 474 00:44:02,857 --> 00:44:05,120 Everybody says, "Get on Google and figure out how to do it." 475 00:44:05,164 --> 00:44:07,470 And I'm like, "No, I refuse to do that. 476 00:44:07,514 --> 00:44:12,171 I'll just keep asking all the elders that I know until I get it." 477 00:44:12,214 --> 00:44:14,434 And so, that's-- that was my process. 478 00:44:14,477 --> 00:44:18,438 I sort of just wanted to make things more genuine 479 00:44:18,481 --> 00:44:22,485 in a way that we can experience how to regain knowledge. 480 00:44:23,269 --> 00:44:24,226 [Christine] Exactly. 481 00:44:25,837 --> 00:44:27,708 Learning in the traditional, ancient way. It's kind of fun. 482 00:44:30,232 --> 00:44:32,321 [unintelligible chatter] 483 00:44:32,365 --> 00:44:37,805 Today we started to prep the pozo, the hole, 484 00:44:37,849 --> 00:44:40,721 which is about maybe three to four feet deep. 485 00:44:40,765 --> 00:44:45,160 And we fill it with brasas and we fill it with hot rocks. 486 00:44:47,467 --> 00:44:51,601 We typically need a minimum of like, I would say four to five hours 487 00:44:51,645 --> 00:44:56,911 to actually heat the hole and then also to make sure that the Earth is cured 488 00:44:56,955 --> 00:44:58,565 with the heat. 489 00:44:58,608 --> 00:45:04,092 I will recruit my co-starter, fire starters. 490 00:45:04,136 --> 00:45:05,920 My brothers are the best at that. 491 00:45:05,964 --> 00:45:07,792 My brother Adrian is here today, 492 00:45:07,835 --> 00:45:10,446 and he's the one that, you know, I lassoed him into it, 493 00:45:10,490 --> 00:45:12,535 so he's-- he's great. 494 00:45:16,801 --> 00:45:22,415 Been here all day and just drinking water, sweating, drinking water. 495 00:45:22,458 --> 00:45:24,634 [chuckles] My time is done. 496 00:45:24,678 --> 00:45:27,725 I'll probably lose about five pounds. [chuckling] 497 00:45:27,768 --> 00:45:32,599 As a little boy, uh, my grandfather would do that. 498 00:45:32,642 --> 00:45:36,211 He would do the hole and tend the fire. 499 00:45:36,255 --> 00:45:39,040 My uncle's cuisine that he talks about, 500 00:45:39,084 --> 00:45:42,957 it originated from-- from ancestors, 501 00:45:43,001 --> 00:45:48,223 past-- past tribes that used to be here that are no longer here, things like that. 502 00:45:48,267 --> 00:45:50,356 You know, it's just, you can't forget that. 503 00:45:53,272 --> 00:45:58,233 These are pieces of fire crack rock, pieces of sandstone. 504 00:45:58,277 --> 00:46:02,542 This sandstone is the bedrock that outcrops all around us. 505 00:46:02,585 --> 00:46:05,675 And that's what became the heating element of an earth oven. 506 00:46:05,719 --> 00:46:09,549 We know in general that all of that was used to cook. 507 00:46:09,592 --> 00:46:13,901 They cooked all kinds of foods in earth ovens, it's like barbacoa pits. 508 00:46:13,945 --> 00:46:19,515 In fact, the first history book written of South Texas in Northeastern Mexico 509 00:46:19,559 --> 00:46:23,824 is full of information, and it's written in 1650. 510 00:46:23,868 --> 00:46:28,437 And that history book tells you how important barbacoa pits were 511 00:46:28,481 --> 00:46:35,183 and how all of the Indian people from Austin to Monterrey all cooked in earth ovens. 512 00:46:35,227 --> 00:46:37,446 Tell me how you want it quickly. 513 00:46:37,490 --> 00:46:39,535 -[Christine] It goes in the middle. -[Adrian] Yes. How? 514 00:46:39,579 --> 00:46:41,494 -Just straight down? -[Christine] Straight down, brother. 515 00:46:43,757 --> 00:46:46,629 -[Adán speaking in Spanish] -[Christine] The big part on the very bottom. That's it. 516 00:46:48,370 --> 00:46:49,197 Yep. 517 00:46:51,547 --> 00:46:56,509 [Christine] You drop the cabeza in the coals, you put more coals around it, right. 518 00:46:57,597 --> 00:47:00,121 -[Adán] On top of the burnout? -[Christine] On-- on the sides. 519 00:47:01,383 --> 00:47:03,951 I also use, um, lava rocks. 520 00:47:03,995 --> 00:47:06,127 -I use Mexican lava rocks. -Like that? 521 00:47:06,171 --> 00:47:09,043 -Yep. Do you have any more? Put it in if you have it. -I have lots. 522 00:47:09,087 --> 00:47:11,002 Yeah, put it in. Yeah. 523 00:47:14,048 --> 00:47:16,746 See these rocks? Put some-- yeah, on the rocks. 524 00:47:16,790 --> 00:47:20,272 -Exactly. Okay, we're good. -[Adán] Oh, you want it on top of the rocks. 525 00:47:20,315 --> 00:47:21,751 -[Christine] Yep. -[Adán] Got it. 526 00:47:21,795 --> 00:47:23,362 [Christine] Then we'll put tin on top. 527 00:47:25,233 --> 00:47:27,366 -Sorry. -[Christine laughing] 528 00:47:29,194 --> 00:47:31,022 -This is fun. -[Adrian] Just like that. 529 00:47:31,065 --> 00:47:33,546 -My father used to do this. -Yes, you don't ask him much. 530 00:47:34,982 --> 00:47:38,246 -That smoke is hot. -[Christine] Isn't that crazy, Ella? 531 00:47:38,290 --> 00:47:40,422 -Okay. -[Christine] It's like flipping crazy. 532 00:47:40,466 --> 00:47:43,382 Yeah, did you ever see it done before? 533 00:47:44,470 --> 00:47:49,344 Yeah, just, you want to cover the edges to seal it. 534 00:47:52,217 --> 00:47:55,785 [Alston] What we do know is that everywhere on Earth 535 00:47:55,829 --> 00:47:58,614 where earth oven technology was important, 536 00:47:58,658 --> 00:48:00,529 women are the dominant role. 537 00:48:00,573 --> 00:48:04,142 Yes, put it. Yes. Yes, put it, tío. Absolutely. 538 00:48:04,185 --> 00:48:08,929 Men were not even allowed on site when these big earth ovens were being cooked 539 00:48:08,973 --> 00:48:11,671 over root foods. That was women's job. 540 00:48:11,714 --> 00:48:15,631 Men could come and haul the wood, maybe men could dig the hole. 541 00:48:15,675 --> 00:48:19,809 But when the real processing start, women did it, and with some tribes 542 00:48:19,853 --> 00:48:21,942 men couldn't be there when you open the oven. 543 00:48:21,986 --> 00:48:23,552 On this side of the rock. 544 00:48:23,596 --> 00:48:26,294 So it's predominantly women's work 545 00:48:26,338 --> 00:48:28,470 and it gets left out of all of history. 546 00:48:28,514 --> 00:48:30,298 So women have a key role. 547 00:48:31,256 --> 00:48:32,300 Adrian. 548 00:48:34,433 --> 00:48:36,870 That's not the center, tío. The center is over there. 549 00:48:36,914 --> 00:48:38,567 [Adán] You need to just tell me where to put it. 550 00:48:38,611 --> 00:48:39,873 -[Christine] Okay. -[Adán] Here? 551 00:48:39,917 --> 00:48:41,919 [Christine] No. Reach further. 552 00:48:41,962 --> 00:48:43,442 There, right there. Yep. 553 00:48:43,485 --> 00:48:44,704 -[Adán] Okay. -[Christine] All of that. 554 00:48:44,747 --> 00:48:46,314 Guys, you know, they just don't 555 00:48:46,358 --> 00:48:48,012 pay attention to details, right? 556 00:48:48,055 --> 00:48:51,232 -Tsk, tsk. -I know! Exactly. 557 00:48:51,276 --> 00:48:53,931 [Adán] And then we drink a beer, or at least I drink a beer. 558 00:48:53,974 --> 00:48:56,542 [unintelligible chatter] 559 00:48:57,412 --> 00:49:01,808 [Christine] So keep an eye on the center because that's where we need to put the fire. 560 00:49:01,851 --> 00:49:05,768 So we can't lose sight of that because that's where the heat will go down. 561 00:49:05,812 --> 00:49:08,728 [Adrian] We're going to make coals and we're going to put these coals on top 562 00:49:08,771 --> 00:49:11,383 and just, you know, nurse that all night long, 563 00:49:11,426 --> 00:49:14,603 I think about 12 hours. So probably 6:00 a.m.... 564 00:49:17,171 --> 00:49:18,651 ...yeah, about that time, I guess. 565 00:49:18,694 --> 00:49:20,131 Well, I've had some briskets over there. 566 00:49:20,174 --> 00:49:21,784 You want to look at the briskets? 567 00:49:21,828 --> 00:49:23,438 It's just something for me to do 568 00:49:23,482 --> 00:49:25,484 the rest of the day this is going on. 569 00:49:25,527 --> 00:49:27,573 -Woo! -Hooray! 570 00:49:27,616 --> 00:49:30,706 -[all applauding] -[man] Bravo! Bravo! 571 00:49:30,750 --> 00:49:32,578 It's wonderful. 572 00:49:32,621 --> 00:49:34,319 -Hi, Mom. -Hi, mi hija. 573 00:49:34,362 --> 00:49:37,278 This is my mother, Nieves Ortega. 574 00:49:37,322 --> 00:49:40,847 This-- I already know what I will look like when I am 88. 575 00:49:40,890 --> 00:49:45,330 She is the person who obviously taught me a lot about cooking, 576 00:49:45,373 --> 00:49:48,463 and along with Grandma Dominga Medrano. 577 00:49:48,507 --> 00:49:51,684 Okay. So this is what's on the menu for today. 578 00:49:51,727 --> 00:49:53,251 We don't have to be serving people. 579 00:49:53,294 --> 00:49:55,818 Everybody just jumps in and gets what they want. 580 00:49:55,862 --> 00:49:57,733 All right, here, Ma, hold this. 581 00:49:58,908 --> 00:50:00,867 -Oh, yeah. -[chuckles] 582 00:50:00,910 --> 00:50:05,393 [Nieves] My dad who's been gone for years and years and years, 583 00:50:05,437 --> 00:50:07,743 and mom, used to do this. 584 00:50:07,787 --> 00:50:09,919 They would do the hole, they would do the fire, 585 00:50:09,963 --> 00:50:13,140 they would do the seasoning, and then they would take care of it 586 00:50:13,184 --> 00:50:15,708 during the night until in the morning. 587 00:50:15,751 --> 00:50:20,147 I like this because it keeps me going, first of all, and then to see 588 00:50:20,191 --> 00:50:24,717 other people enjoy the day and the love for each other and the care, 589 00:50:24,760 --> 00:50:29,026 which is the main thing, and look at all the food that we have had, you know. 590 00:50:29,069 --> 00:50:30,940 -I ate too much already. -You did, Mama? 591 00:50:30,984 --> 00:50:34,553 -Yes. [chuckles] -Oh, good. Oh, they're delicious, Mom. 592 00:50:34,596 --> 00:50:36,816 -They're like-- wait, you're going to be on TV? -Yes! 593 00:50:36,859 --> 00:50:39,775 -[woman] Yeah? -[Christine] God willing, fingers crossed. Yes. 594 00:50:41,255 --> 00:50:45,781 [Nieves] I'm very happy that my children have kept that tradition 595 00:50:45,825 --> 00:50:49,307 'cause it is an old tradition to do that. 596 00:50:49,350 --> 00:50:52,005 Not very many people do it anymore. 597 00:50:52,049 --> 00:50:54,964 [gentle music] 598 00:51:42,099 --> 00:51:47,321 [Alston] 15,000 years of Native Americans living here. 599 00:51:47,365 --> 00:51:49,715 Term we often use is "Co will take it," 600 00:51:49,758 --> 00:51:53,110 where the native people of South Texas in northeastern Mexico 601 00:51:53,153 --> 00:51:55,068 comes from the state of Coahuila. 602 00:51:55,112 --> 00:51:58,463 And that word, by the way, was originally used 603 00:51:58,506 --> 00:52:02,554 to simply describe people from a big piece of real estate, 604 00:52:02,597 --> 00:52:06,949 in the same way if we describe people and we call them Texans. 605 00:52:06,993 --> 00:52:11,171 Today, we don't really say what whether they're people of color 606 00:52:11,215 --> 00:52:13,869 or their Anglo or how long they've been in Texas. 607 00:52:13,913 --> 00:52:15,958 It's just the idea that they lived here. 608 00:52:16,002 --> 00:52:17,960 So that's what "Co will take it" meant, 609 00:52:18,004 --> 00:52:19,614 there are all of these diverse people 610 00:52:19,658 --> 00:52:21,964 who lived in a big region. 611 00:52:22,008 --> 00:52:26,578 And so the Rio Bravo, the Rio Grande was no more important 612 00:52:26,621 --> 00:52:31,452 for dividing countries than the Colorado River is or the Medina River. 613 00:52:37,850 --> 00:52:41,245 [Adán] I'm at Rio Grande, called Rio Bravo. 614 00:52:41,288 --> 00:52:44,639 When I was a child, we lived in San Antonio 615 00:52:44,683 --> 00:52:46,728 and we also lived in Nava Coahuila. 616 00:52:46,772 --> 00:52:50,036 We had land in both sides, because our people, 617 00:52:50,079 --> 00:52:53,518 the Coahuiltecan people and other Native American people's 618 00:52:53,561 --> 00:52:57,826 Comanches, Apaches, Carancahuas lived on the north side 619 00:52:57,870 --> 00:53:02,222 of the Rio Grande and also on the south side of the Rio Grande, and it was a river. 620 00:53:02,266 --> 00:53:06,661 We have the Mexican side and we have the US side, but that's new. 621 00:53:06,705 --> 00:53:11,666 When the river changed, the border crossed part of my family, 622 00:53:11,710 --> 00:53:14,147 we did never cross the border. The border crossed us. 623 00:53:14,191 --> 00:53:16,802 [light dramatic music] 624 00:53:16,845 --> 00:53:20,109 I always say that our food is not south of the border. 625 00:53:20,153 --> 00:53:23,591 Our food is from the Texas-Mexican region, 626 00:53:23,635 --> 00:53:26,551 Central Texas, South Texas and Northeastern Mexico. 627 00:53:28,074 --> 00:53:33,340 What our food does is it reminds us that the Mexican side 628 00:53:33,384 --> 00:53:37,518 and the Texas side in this region of the country are one. 629 00:53:37,562 --> 00:53:41,696 They're one culturally, they're one culinary, and they're one with the families 630 00:53:41,740 --> 00:53:45,396 because families are on both sides as mine are. 631 00:53:45,439 --> 00:53:47,267 So I continue to see it as one. 632 00:53:50,923 --> 00:53:55,188 [light dramatic music] 633 00:54:25,871 --> 00:54:28,830 [Celeste] I suppose it's-- it makes me sad. 634 00:54:28,874 --> 00:54:33,705 I think I can remember when it wasn't here and when it went up, 635 00:54:33,748 --> 00:54:38,231 and, uh, it's sad to kind of see 636 00:54:38,275 --> 00:54:41,452 the-- the valley change in a way that 637 00:54:41,495 --> 00:54:44,498 maybe not-- might not necessarily be positive. 638 00:54:44,542 --> 00:54:49,242 Uh, to see the landscape change that way and how it affects people. 639 00:54:49,286 --> 00:54:52,332 I think as a child growing up here, 640 00:54:52,376 --> 00:54:58,382 I had this sense of the Rio Grande Valley as being a very inferior place, 641 00:54:58,425 --> 00:55:01,298 and not know-- understanding really why. 642 00:55:01,341 --> 00:55:03,952 We're sort of geographically isolated. 643 00:55:03,996 --> 00:55:09,523 We're at the bottom of Texas, we're butted up against Mexico. 644 00:55:09,567 --> 00:55:14,354 And also we have the gulf, can't go north without going through a checkpoint. 645 00:55:14,398 --> 00:55:16,704 And if you go south, if you want to go to Mexico, you still have 646 00:55:16,748 --> 00:55:18,010 to go through checkpoints. 647 00:55:21,056 --> 00:55:23,363 [Adán] Checkpoint. Oh my goodness. 648 00:55:23,407 --> 00:55:26,366 [Celeste] Yeah, that's our lady of the checkpoint. [laughs] 649 00:55:26,410 --> 00:55:29,413 This is the check, the Sarita Checkpoint. 650 00:55:29,456 --> 00:55:32,241 -So have you all gone through. -We will go through it this time. 651 00:55:32,285 --> 00:55:35,070 Right, so when you go back, you'll see how kind of how it is. 652 00:55:35,114 --> 00:55:39,727 And it was kind of like an image about the idea of sort of feeling anxiety 653 00:55:39,771 --> 00:55:43,818 when you go through a checkpoint. For some of us, maybe who grew up around here, 654 00:55:43,862 --> 00:55:46,299 you kind of like, when you're going through, 655 00:55:46,343 --> 00:55:48,562 -like, the bridge with your parents... -Yes. 656 00:55:48,606 --> 00:55:51,260 ...you know, how they would-- I don't know how your experience was 657 00:55:51,304 --> 00:55:53,698 but my parents were kind of like, you know... 658 00:55:55,787 --> 00:55:57,354 You know, like, what am I gonna do? 659 00:55:57,397 --> 00:55:59,356 Like, I'm not gonna like tell off the border patrol, 660 00:55:59,399 --> 00:56:01,749 you know, like, kind of like the idea that we had to perform 661 00:56:01,793 --> 00:56:05,274 our citizenship a little bit, like, "Act like an American." 662 00:56:05,318 --> 00:56:07,712 [laughing] 663 00:56:07,755 --> 00:56:11,063 And when I was growing up, we never-- we never said, "Oh, I'm going to Mexico." 664 00:56:11,106 --> 00:56:13,587 Or you know, you might say Matamoros, but most people said... 665 00:56:15,850 --> 00:56:17,374 Right? And then when you were on that side... 666 00:56:20,246 --> 00:56:22,944 So it's always like, we're going to one side, we're going to another side. 667 00:56:22,988 --> 00:56:28,515 It seemed like more connected, and now it's not like that. 668 00:56:28,559 --> 00:56:32,954 One of the first times I ever saw mole de pozo 669 00:56:32,998 --> 00:56:36,567 was at a wedding I went to in Mexico, in the Rancho. 670 00:56:36,610 --> 00:56:38,917 It was like a Rancho wedding, you know, it was great. 671 00:56:38,960 --> 00:56:45,489 We were little kids, you know, my-- they were family, you know, related to us, 672 00:56:45,532 --> 00:56:52,191 um, but because people have such a hard time with crossing now, 673 00:56:52,234 --> 00:56:55,368 you lose that cultural connection to people on the other side. 674 00:56:55,412 --> 00:56:57,152 We're losing connections to food. 675 00:56:57,196 --> 00:56:59,720 We're losing connections to language. 676 00:56:59,764 --> 00:57:02,549 All of those things are things that are valuable. 677 00:57:02,593 --> 00:57:06,814 So to me the fence, it's a symbol of division. 678 00:57:06,858 --> 00:57:09,426 A lot of people think, oh, it just keeps people out. 679 00:57:09,469 --> 00:57:11,819 But the fence doesn't just do that. 680 00:57:11,863 --> 00:57:15,649 It funnels people, kind of like a trap, 681 00:57:15,693 --> 00:57:18,739 the fence as innocuous as it looks, 682 00:57:18,783 --> 00:57:22,526 um, is really kind of a death symbol. 683 00:57:22,569 --> 00:57:25,920 And so that's how it sort of functions in my work. 684 00:57:27,356 --> 00:57:29,533 The land which is supposed to give life. 685 00:57:29,576 --> 00:57:31,665 It's supposed to be a place where we live, 686 00:57:31,709 --> 00:57:34,146 and instead they're turning the land against us, 687 00:57:34,189 --> 00:57:37,018 right, by funneling people through the most dangerous, 688 00:57:37,062 --> 00:57:39,847 inhospitable parts. And I think of the body 689 00:57:39,891 --> 00:57:42,023 and relationship to the landscape a lot. 690 00:57:42,067 --> 00:57:44,939 Like, how do our bodies negotiate landscape? 691 00:57:44,983 --> 00:57:47,464 Who are we in relation to the land? 692 00:57:47,507 --> 00:57:50,510 And I think it has a lot to do with our conflicted nature 693 00:57:50,554 --> 00:57:53,121 to the land, like you don't belong here, 694 00:57:53,165 --> 00:57:56,647 you know, and then you know, but is that really true? You know. 695 00:57:56,690 --> 00:57:59,998 [light dramatic music] 696 00:58:00,041 --> 00:58:04,785 [Alston] Hundreds, probably thousands of people, if they traced their records back, 697 00:58:04,829 --> 00:58:07,919 could trace their records back to the native inhabitants 698 00:58:07,962 --> 00:58:10,835 of South Texas in Northeastern Mexico. 699 00:58:10,878 --> 00:58:16,536 So when we tell stories of the past, you don't have to be very old 700 00:58:16,580 --> 00:58:20,758 to know if you took a class in Texas about Texas history, 701 00:58:20,801 --> 00:58:23,195 how much did you learn about Indians? 702 00:58:23,238 --> 00:58:26,328 How many paragraphs did you read about the Indian people 703 00:58:26,372 --> 00:58:29,549 who lived here for 15,000 years 704 00:58:29,593 --> 00:58:33,597 before your immediate ancestors, and you don't read very much. 705 00:58:33,640 --> 00:58:35,816 It's an inconvenient truth. 706 00:58:43,302 --> 00:58:48,350 [Homero] We're here on our path to the grand Sal Del Rey, 707 00:58:48,394 --> 00:58:53,530 located in South Texas here in the upper Grande Valley. 708 00:58:53,573 --> 00:58:57,229 And the Sal Del Rey, it's a natural phenomenon 709 00:58:57,272 --> 00:59:01,320 consisting of this huge Salt Lake that's like a-- 710 00:59:01,363 --> 00:59:05,367 it's like a five mile circumference and a mile long. 711 00:59:05,411 --> 00:59:09,284 The salt has been here, well, since the beginning of time. 712 00:59:09,328 --> 00:59:12,070 And the Indians from Central Mexico 713 00:59:12,113 --> 00:59:14,420 trek all the way over here for salt. 714 00:59:14,463 --> 00:59:19,556 They would come here from diff-- all over the area, it was known for its salt. 715 00:59:19,599 --> 00:59:25,387 If you were to cut out a chunk. Say like a one foot by one foot square 716 00:59:25,431 --> 00:59:28,782 of solid, uh, salt 717 00:59:28,826 --> 00:59:30,784 and maybe a foot deep, 718 00:59:30,828 --> 00:59:33,221 you come back in about three days, 719 00:59:33,265 --> 00:59:35,920 and it will replenish itself, it will come back. 720 00:59:35,963 --> 00:59:39,358 So it's always, uh, producing the salt. 721 00:59:40,228 --> 00:59:43,231 [Adán] And of course salt is a part of our food story that we've been talking about. 722 00:59:43,275 --> 00:59:46,408 [Homero] Right. Yeah, you need salt 723 00:59:46,452 --> 00:59:49,629 to preserve your food, back then they didn't have refrigerators, 724 00:59:49,673 --> 00:59:53,285 so everything-- all the meats were salted to preserve them. 725 00:59:54,199 --> 00:59:57,898 As well as fish, I guess meat and fish also. 726 00:59:57,942 --> 01:00:00,640 [Adán] Look at that, just the purest salt. 727 01:00:00,684 --> 01:00:06,037 You know, they would cut the strips of meat and then just cover it up completely, 728 01:00:06,080 --> 01:00:09,823 and then let it dry out in the sun, and that would preserve the meat. 729 01:00:09,867 --> 01:00:12,783 -[Adán] And it all starts here with the salt. -All starts with the salt, yeah. 730 01:00:12,826 --> 01:00:16,917 And back then of course, the land was free and it didn't belong to anybody. 731 01:00:16,961 --> 01:00:21,705 Just come over here and take your share of salt and take it. 732 01:00:21,748 --> 01:00:26,623 And when the Spanish came, the mineral rights belonged to the king, 733 01:00:26,666 --> 01:00:31,149 so they had to pay a tariff to taking the salt out, 734 01:00:31,192 --> 01:00:35,022 pay the taxes on it to the Royal Treasury. 735 01:00:36,720 --> 01:00:39,636 -Younger Native Americans -Native, they lost out. 736 01:00:39,679 --> 01:00:43,727 -Yeah. -I'm sure they still had-- still can get salt 737 01:00:43,770 --> 01:00:45,206 for their own personal uses. 738 01:00:46,425 --> 01:00:47,861 As long as they were friendly. 739 01:00:49,689 --> 01:00:53,737 You know, if they were hostile, uh, then there was going to be war. 740 01:00:53,780 --> 01:00:55,347 More like you were going to be killed. 741 01:00:55,390 --> 01:00:57,697 Did they ever try to take it back? 742 01:00:57,741 --> 01:01:00,526 Since they knew it was theirs, and these people come in 743 01:01:00,569 --> 01:01:03,007 and all of a sudden they say that it's theirs, 744 01:01:03,050 --> 01:01:05,444 did they ever try to take it back, is there any record of that? 745 01:01:05,487 --> 01:01:07,838 Not that I know of, no. 746 01:01:07,881 --> 01:01:11,450 So in a way the indigenous peoples lost a big... 747 01:01:12,451 --> 01:01:15,889 ...engine of economic stability in a way. 748 01:01:17,064 --> 01:01:18,283 Yeah, with the... 749 01:01:20,154 --> 01:01:23,636 ...arrival of the Spaniards and the civilization in this area, yes. 750 01:01:24,768 --> 01:01:28,685 [Adán] Imagine, imagine all the people who have stood here where you and I are standing. 751 01:01:30,121 --> 01:01:32,645 -Okay, that's thousands of years. -Yes. Oh, yes. 752 01:01:32,689 --> 01:01:34,429 -[Adán] They stood where you and I are. -Yeah. 753 01:01:34,473 --> 01:01:39,043 [solemn flute music] 754 01:02:01,500 --> 01:02:03,937 My name is Isaac Alvarez Cardenas. 755 01:02:03,981 --> 01:02:09,290 I'm the son of Tap Pilam Coahiltecan father named Dan, 756 01:02:09,334 --> 01:02:12,772 who's a World War Two veteran, liberator of Italy. 757 01:02:12,816 --> 01:02:15,993 We were stationed in Rapid City, South Dakota. 758 01:02:16,950 --> 01:02:18,822 And we left the monks [unintelligible]. 759 01:02:18,865 --> 01:02:22,608 When we finally came back to [unintelligible] 760 01:02:22,651 --> 01:02:25,393 Yanaguana, commonly known as San Antonio, 761 01:02:25,437 --> 01:02:26,786 we lived in this neighborhood. 762 01:02:27,874 --> 01:02:30,181 And my father, historically, 763 01:02:30,224 --> 01:02:33,750 their people have lived here, you know, for centuries. 764 01:02:33,793 --> 01:02:37,623 Of course, we have that Spanish influence, but it was native women 765 01:02:37,666 --> 01:02:40,931 and a lot of Native American Indian women are not given that credit. 766 01:02:40,974 --> 01:02:45,718 They were the ones that really birthed us as this indigenous people, 767 01:02:45,762 --> 01:02:47,764 but also an influence from Europe. 768 01:02:50,157 --> 01:02:53,639 Our food, or what you call Tex-Mex 769 01:02:53,682 --> 01:02:57,077 or Tejano food is different than anybody else's. 770 01:02:57,121 --> 01:02:59,819 Our food is very unique, very unique. 771 01:02:59,863 --> 01:03:04,476 While the barbacoa is one of our delicacies, because you cook it underground. 772 01:03:04,519 --> 01:03:07,784 And the reason I love them is because my wife has those recipes, 773 01:03:07,827 --> 01:03:10,134 that's one of our favorite foods. 774 01:03:10,177 --> 01:03:13,311 Her family makes to me the best tamales. 775 01:03:13,354 --> 01:03:17,402 Then it's like a two-day thing that they make, I love the tamales. 776 01:03:18,882 --> 01:03:19,926 A little powdered sugar. 777 01:03:21,667 --> 01:03:23,364 Wait a minute. We got to pray first. Right? 778 01:03:23,408 --> 01:03:25,627 So Kylie you say the prayer. 779 01:03:26,846 --> 01:03:32,547 The Father, the Son, the Holy Spirit. Amen. 780 01:03:32,591 --> 01:03:34,811 Mm-hmm. Thank you. Thank you, Kylie. 781 01:03:36,595 --> 01:03:42,035 What everybody has learned about the American Indian, the Alaskan Native, the Native American, 782 01:03:42,079 --> 01:03:47,171 the Pacific Islander, was taught to them by non-Indians, non Pacific Islanders. 783 01:03:47,214 --> 01:03:54,004 Because as soon as you learn who you are, it brings up a lot of anger of your history, 784 01:03:54,047 --> 01:03:57,181 what was done to the people. First time I read 785 01:03:57,224 --> 01:04:01,272 Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee By Dee Brown, I got angry. 786 01:04:01,315 --> 01:04:04,666 I was a young teenager, I was upset. 787 01:04:04,710 --> 01:04:07,191 I didn't know that this is what happened to our people. 788 01:04:08,409 --> 01:04:09,889 And it was a formula. 789 01:04:10,890 --> 01:04:16,983 The missions system, Carlisle Indian School System. 790 01:04:17,027 --> 01:04:20,117 First the policy was a good Indian is a dead Indian. 791 01:04:20,160 --> 01:04:25,252 The second policy was kill the Indian inside, save the man, save the child. 792 01:04:25,296 --> 01:04:29,082 And now what you're seeing with the immigrants is the same situation, 793 01:04:29,126 --> 01:04:33,434 taking the children, separating the parent, all over again. 794 01:04:34,392 --> 01:04:38,135 But we have to-- we have to stand up and say what's right 795 01:04:38,178 --> 01:04:42,269 and what's wrong, and that's why I believe that words are powerful. 796 01:04:43,749 --> 01:04:47,622 Now we've arrived, we're telling our story. 797 01:04:47,666 --> 01:04:50,495 [Native Indian themed music] 798 01:04:58,895 --> 01:05:04,030 [Larry] It happens to be the second largest burial ground 799 01:05:04,074 --> 01:05:06,815 in-- in the-- in the state of Texas. 800 01:05:06,859 --> 01:05:12,430 It is known as 41NU2 by archaeology terms. 801 01:05:12,473 --> 01:05:18,740 -Was it-- -It was known after a hurricane in 1933. 802 01:05:18,784 --> 01:05:21,178 It unearthed 150 bodies. 803 01:05:21,221 --> 01:05:28,272 And so we decided to build a monument to commemorate this beautiful site here 804 01:05:28,315 --> 01:05:32,754 that everybody has so wrongly desecrated by building their buildings, 805 01:05:32,798 --> 01:05:36,367 and not a care in the world about these sacred lands. 806 01:05:37,803 --> 01:05:40,719 The Karankawa people occupied these lands 807 01:05:40,762 --> 01:05:44,505 the most and the longest of anybody ever recorded, 808 01:05:44,549 --> 01:05:46,725 because these were their lands. 809 01:05:50,163 --> 01:05:54,341 [Alston] We really know a lot about Karankawa archaeology, 810 01:05:54,385 --> 01:05:57,301 about the archaeology being done along the coast 811 01:05:57,344 --> 01:05:59,651 of Corpus in vicinity in particular. 812 01:05:59,694 --> 01:06:03,524 They were big-time fisher folks, fish were their predominant food. 813 01:06:03,568 --> 01:06:08,312 We know from the studies and from the artifacts, that they spent, 814 01:06:08,355 --> 01:06:12,055 and Cabeza de Vaca tells us this, they spend part of the year on the coast, 815 01:06:12,098 --> 01:06:16,015 and then they move inland far enough to become deer hunters, 816 01:06:16,059 --> 01:06:18,713 but all along the coast there were Karankawa. 817 01:06:18,757 --> 01:06:22,848 In fact, Karankawa was either the second or largest Indian 818 01:06:22,891 --> 01:06:26,634 population brought to Mission Valero to be missionised. 819 01:06:27,635 --> 01:06:31,074 They write about them that they were cannibals, you know, 820 01:06:31,117 --> 01:06:35,600 and what's-- what's confusing to me is that 821 01:06:35,643 --> 01:06:39,473 in today's time, there's an abundance of fish 822 01:06:39,517 --> 01:06:42,433 and resources down here to sustain people. 823 01:06:42,476 --> 01:06:46,698 Can you imagine 2,000 years ago? Why would they want to eat one another? 824 01:06:46,741 --> 01:06:50,832 You understand, it just doesn't make any-- doesn't make any sense. 825 01:06:50,876 --> 01:06:55,446 They see us and categorize us as savage people, people that had no knowledge, 826 01:06:55,489 --> 01:06:57,187 people that had no wisdom. 827 01:06:57,230 --> 01:06:59,624 When the Europeans first see the Indians, 828 01:06:59,667 --> 01:07:01,408 they don't think they're quite human. 829 01:07:01,452 --> 01:07:05,282 And if you read the history, Stephen F. Austin 830 01:07:05,325 --> 01:07:09,068 and the first Texans had a campaign, purposeful campaign 831 01:07:09,112 --> 01:07:11,462 to exterminate the Karankawa Indians. 832 01:07:11,505 --> 01:07:15,814 And they purposely set out and did it, they massacred many different places. 833 01:07:15,857 --> 01:07:21,341 We know the last Karankawa massacres were co-- were occurring in the 1840s, 834 01:07:21,385 --> 01:07:23,604 now, that's after the Alamo. 835 01:07:23,648 --> 01:07:26,955 But what happens to a lot of the Karankawa on the coast, 836 01:07:26,999 --> 01:07:33,875 those Karankawa, particularly the women, end up coming into the houses of Anglos 837 01:07:33,919 --> 01:07:37,836 and Hispanics as well, and they're sometimes adopted, 838 01:07:37,879 --> 01:07:41,318 sometimes they're called servants, but that's how that-- 839 01:07:41,361 --> 01:07:44,886 those Karankawa genes and the Karankawa traditions, 840 01:07:44,930 --> 01:07:47,759 I think stay through the women's side of the family. 841 01:07:47,802 --> 01:07:50,109 And they took on a Hispanic survival name, 842 01:07:50,153 --> 01:07:54,113 in my case it's Salazar, we learned the religion, the culture and the language, 843 01:07:54,157 --> 01:07:56,420 and we became Mexicanos in our own land, 844 01:07:56,463 --> 01:07:59,118 in order to stay among the bones of our people, 845 01:07:59,162 --> 01:08:03,383 to guard them and help them and get their teachings from them. 846 01:08:03,427 --> 01:08:07,213 We're all the forgotten people, Native people in the state of Texas 847 01:08:07,257 --> 01:08:09,737 are the forgotten people, period. 848 01:08:09,781 --> 01:08:12,740 [light dramatic music] 849 01:08:12,784 --> 01:08:15,091 [Larry] All we have in Corpus is the name of streets. 850 01:08:16,179 --> 01:08:20,313 The streets that Indian people lived here one time, 851 01:08:20,357 --> 01:08:23,969 Comanche Road, Lipan Apache Road, 852 01:08:24,012 --> 01:08:25,884 Carancahua Road. 853 01:08:25,927 --> 01:08:29,714 And now with DNA, there's a lot of people finding out, 854 01:08:29,757 --> 01:08:33,152 "Hey, we areIndian. I didn't even know that!" 855 01:08:33,196 --> 01:08:35,285 But what now? What do I do now? 856 01:08:36,373 --> 01:08:39,463 So every morning I wake up and I pray to my people 857 01:08:39,506 --> 01:08:40,812 that were still here. 858 01:08:42,205 --> 01:08:43,771 All we can do is just pray on it. 859 01:08:43,815 --> 01:08:45,251 [Larry praying] 860 01:08:45,295 --> 01:08:46,600 It's a hard walk to walk. 861 01:08:46,644 --> 01:08:50,038 [continues praying] 862 01:08:50,082 --> 01:08:51,910 These are my prayers to my ancestors. 863 01:09:01,006 --> 01:09:03,661 [Adán] I'm in Corpus Christi, Texas, and I've just found 864 01:09:03,704 --> 01:09:07,969 a Texas historical commission plaque. 865 01:09:08,013 --> 01:09:12,235 And these have to be approved by the state of Texas and have to be researched and verified. 866 01:09:12,278 --> 01:09:16,674 And it tells the story of Texas. This is about the Karankawa Indians. 867 01:09:16,717 --> 01:09:20,721 The first thing it says is, they were primitive, nomadic tribe. 868 01:09:20,765 --> 01:09:23,376 They weren't nomadic, they lived in this area. 869 01:09:23,420 --> 01:09:26,031 You move from place to place, they just had a big ranch, 870 01:09:26,074 --> 01:09:27,598 they just moved around their property. 871 01:09:27,641 --> 01:09:30,296 They were very advanced, they knew how to fish, 872 01:09:30,340 --> 01:09:33,604 they had a society that was well organized. 873 01:09:33,647 --> 01:09:36,737 It also says at first friendly to the Europeans, 874 01:09:36,781 --> 01:09:40,611 they became savages and tried to kill the Europeans. 875 01:09:40,654 --> 01:09:44,832 So the Europeans arrived on their homeland, took it away, were violent at first, 876 01:09:44,876 --> 01:09:49,359 when they arrived they were friendly. Well wouldn't you be upset 877 01:09:49,402 --> 01:09:52,144 and fight back if someone tried to take your land and try to kill you? 878 01:09:52,188 --> 01:09:57,018 So that's another mistake. And "1858 marked the disappearance 879 01:09:57,062 --> 01:10:01,501 of Karankawa Indians." Hello, they didn't disappear, they're here. 880 01:10:01,545 --> 01:10:07,464 The entire Texas historical commission plaque is repulsive and repugnant 881 01:10:07,507 --> 01:10:10,858 to me and to every Native American who lives in Corpus Christi. 882 01:10:10,902 --> 01:10:14,949 I've talked to them, and I call upon the historians who live in Texas 883 01:10:14,993 --> 01:10:18,301 to come up and stand up and say take this down. This is a lie. 884 01:10:19,519 --> 01:10:22,566 [light dramatic music] 885 01:10:25,830 --> 01:10:30,095 [Graciela] As a community, we have lost our history, 886 01:10:30,138 --> 01:10:33,054 our culture, our traditions, 887 01:10:33,098 --> 01:10:36,797 because we live in a racist society sadly. 888 01:10:36,841 --> 01:10:42,847 And it hasn't changed, and if we look to the books, we're not there. 889 01:10:42,890 --> 01:10:49,723 We have been erased, if we look to the media to see a documentary about our lives, 890 01:10:49,767 --> 01:10:51,725 they don't exist. 891 01:10:51,769 --> 01:10:54,859 The world that we live in teaches us to hate ourselves, 892 01:10:54,902 --> 01:10:57,862 teaches us to hate our long names, 893 01:10:57,905 --> 01:11:01,822 teaches us to despise our language and culture 894 01:11:01,866 --> 01:11:06,610 and music and foods. Food is about healing your body, 895 01:11:06,653 --> 01:11:10,483 but it's also for healing and feeding your soul. 896 01:11:10,527 --> 01:11:13,443 [Adán] You and your home, you ate Mexican food, what we call Mexican food. 897 01:11:13,486 --> 01:11:16,054 Sure. That's what you call Mexican food. 898 01:11:16,097 --> 01:11:18,404 Yeah. [laughs] 899 01:11:18,448 --> 01:11:21,364 -Yeah. -People call it Mexican food, but it's-- 900 01:11:21,407 --> 01:11:22,800 -Indigenous food. -Do you call it Mexican food? 901 01:11:22,843 --> 01:11:24,410 It's indigenous food. 902 01:11:24,454 --> 01:11:27,631 Yeah, you're putting a label on it. [laughs] 903 01:11:27,674 --> 01:11:31,243 It's indigenous. It's-- you're indigenous, I'm indigenous. 904 01:11:31,287 --> 01:11:35,160 You know, Mexican is the word that was given to you all, 905 01:11:35,203 --> 01:11:39,033 you know, the Mezclan people, right, uh, 906 01:11:39,077 --> 01:11:43,081 indigenous was a word that was given to us as well, to categorize us. 907 01:11:43,124 --> 01:11:49,174 If you look at the history, the label started first as, uh, pet Americans. 908 01:11:50,088 --> 01:11:53,396 That was one of the first labels, later on it was Latin Americans. 909 01:11:54,571 --> 01:11:58,575 And later on they took, well, okay, Mexican-Americans. 910 01:11:58,618 --> 01:12:02,840 And watched and decides, "Okay, we'll make a name... 911 01:12:02,883 --> 01:12:06,713 ...uh, that's related to Hispaniola, Hispanic." 912 01:12:07,671 --> 01:12:10,326 You know, and to me it's like well who's panic are you, 913 01:12:10,369 --> 01:12:12,850 Herpanic or Hispanic? And these are just labels. 914 01:12:12,893 --> 01:12:14,721 I describe myself as Tejana. 915 01:12:15,766 --> 01:12:19,291 Even in the census, always write in Tejana, 916 01:12:19,335 --> 01:12:23,251 and because it's more-- to me it's more nuanced 917 01:12:23,295 --> 01:12:25,384 than just saying Mexican-American, 918 01:12:25,428 --> 01:12:28,344 and it's more nuanced than just saying indigenous, right? 919 01:12:28,387 --> 01:12:30,346 It's about movement. 920 01:12:30,389 --> 01:12:32,696 -Some people say, "Are you Mexican-American?" -Yes. 921 01:12:32,739 --> 01:12:34,175 -"Are you indigenous?" -Yes. 922 01:12:34,219 --> 01:12:36,308 -"Are you American?" -Yeah, absolutely. 923 01:12:36,352 --> 01:12:39,137 So for me it's just-- Because it's tied to the ground. 924 01:12:39,180 --> 01:12:42,836 It's tied to the Earth, it's tied to this region of the country. 925 01:12:42,880 --> 01:12:46,231 Um... it's more permanent to me. 926 01:12:46,274 --> 01:12:49,234 -[Adán] It's more... -Permanent. It's more permanent. 927 01:12:49,277 --> 01:12:52,498 I like Tejana, I feel myself like I'm a Tejana. 928 01:12:52,542 --> 01:12:56,284 And I'm kind of like connected to-- to Texas, 929 01:12:56,328 --> 01:13:02,290 the world of women and feminism and intersectional feminism, 930 01:13:02,334 --> 01:13:08,427 Brown women, being, you know, there's-- there's a lot, there's a lot of layers to it. 931 01:13:08,471 --> 01:13:10,908 And so, it's a lot more complex. 932 01:13:10,951 --> 01:13:15,129 And because my artwork is very connected to Texas landscape, 933 01:13:15,173 --> 01:13:17,915 that's why, also another reason I like Tejana. 934 01:13:17,958 --> 01:13:22,615 So the labels really don't give identity to the person, 935 01:13:22,659 --> 01:13:25,139 my children know themselves as Tap Pilam, 936 01:13:25,183 --> 01:13:27,794 and we're constantly reminding them. 937 01:13:27,838 --> 01:13:31,015 Tap Pilam meaning people of the earth. 938 01:14:55,882 --> 01:15:00,278 I think it's interesting how you carry within yourself both the indigenous... 939 01:15:02,628 --> 01:15:04,935 ...and the Spaniard, which is... 940 01:15:06,371 --> 01:15:07,677 ...the people who took over. 941 01:15:07,720 --> 01:15:10,288 [Homero] These were our ancestors 942 01:15:10,331 --> 01:15:14,597 and the Spanish came, you know, they intermingle and had families 943 01:15:14,640 --> 01:15:17,513 with the Native Americans and now we became Mestizos. 944 01:15:17,556 --> 01:15:20,428 I think some people define more with the Spaniards 945 01:15:20,472 --> 01:15:22,953 because I guess because of the education, 946 01:15:22,996 --> 01:15:26,565 uh, the books and religion. 947 01:15:27,479 --> 01:15:31,309 And the Indians, of course, mostly they live off the land 948 01:15:31,352 --> 01:15:36,575 and their education was the land, the animals, the plants. 949 01:15:36,619 --> 01:15:42,102 And they did also teach the Spaniards, the Spanish didn't know what plants 950 01:15:42,146 --> 01:15:46,019 were good to eat, which ones were good for remedies, and all that. 951 01:15:46,063 --> 01:15:47,717 They learned all that from the natives. 952 01:15:49,675 --> 01:15:52,852 [Larry] We wake up in the morning and we do our blessings in the morning 953 01:15:52,896 --> 01:15:56,464 and we give blessings to everything that is alive, 954 01:15:56,508 --> 01:15:58,466 the two-legged, the four-legged, 955 01:15:58,510 --> 01:16:00,425 the ones that creepy crawlers, 956 01:16:00,468 --> 01:16:02,558 the plant people, the rock people. 957 01:16:03,733 --> 01:16:07,345 [speaking foreign language] This is our-- our relations. 958 01:16:07,388 --> 01:16:10,043 I am with my-- my relatives right now. 959 01:16:10,087 --> 01:16:12,045 These are all my relatives, you cut down my relatives, 960 01:16:12,089 --> 01:16:14,787 you're cutting down a part of my soul, a part of my heart. 961 01:16:14,831 --> 01:16:19,966 I went to go see-- my kids wanted me to go see Avatarwhen it came out. 962 01:16:20,010 --> 01:16:26,625 When I saw that film and I saw them put their hair into the animal and fly it, 963 01:16:26,669 --> 01:16:29,280 and I saw them put their hair and their body into the ground 964 01:16:29,323 --> 01:16:31,891 and connect it to the tree, I understood that. 965 01:16:33,371 --> 01:16:35,329 Because that's-- we are connected, 966 01:16:35,373 --> 01:16:39,420 we are connected to the stones, the roots and all of that. 967 01:17:11,061 --> 01:17:14,151 [Native Indian flute music] 968 01:17:17,633 --> 01:17:19,112 [Larry] You know, when we talk... 969 01:17:20,113 --> 01:17:24,465 ...as soon as I'm quiet, you think that the-- that's it. 970 01:17:24,509 --> 01:17:27,164 There's-- I'm telling you, "I love you." 971 01:17:27,207 --> 01:17:29,340 Stops. But it doesn't. 972 01:17:29,383 --> 01:17:32,952 My voice carries, when the wind comes in, 973 01:17:32,996 --> 01:17:35,172 it takes out that word, "I love you." 974 01:17:35,215 --> 01:17:37,130 How many times have you been in a canyon, 975 01:17:37,174 --> 01:17:39,132 how many times have you been in a place, 976 01:17:39,176 --> 01:17:41,918 and you say, "I think I hear drumming"? 977 01:17:41,961 --> 01:17:46,096 "I thought I heard voices." And yet there was nobody around. 978 01:17:46,139 --> 01:17:47,793 They're voices in the wind. 979 01:17:48,838 --> 01:17:52,189 So our voices that we speak, the songs that I sing, 980 01:17:52,232 --> 01:17:54,321 the-- the music that I play, 981 01:17:54,365 --> 01:17:58,151 it just doesn't stop when I stop, it carries through the winds. 982 01:18:00,676 --> 01:18:02,286 I hear the voices of my people. 983 01:18:03,679 --> 01:18:05,115 Because I'm trained to. 984 01:18:07,944 --> 01:18:10,816 You hear? She's talking to us. 985 01:18:10,860 --> 01:18:12,557 She's sending us a message. 986 01:18:13,950 --> 01:18:18,432 There are sounds in this Earth that we no longer hear, 987 01:18:19,346 --> 01:18:22,306 there are whispers and teaches in the silence of the wind, 988 01:18:22,349 --> 01:18:25,309 only we forgotten how to listen to them. 989 01:18:25,352 --> 01:18:28,878 [light dramatic music] 990 01:18:51,291 --> 01:18:53,685 -[woman] Did you put him to work? -I did. 991 01:18:53,729 --> 01:18:56,253 -[all laughing] -I did. Well, he's so sweet. 992 01:18:56,296 --> 01:18:59,212 -He's like, "What can I do?" -[woman laughing] 993 01:19:10,049 --> 01:19:11,224 -Yeah? -Yeah. 994 01:19:12,617 --> 01:19:14,750 [Adrian] Okay. Excellent. Okay, ready? 995 01:19:16,055 --> 01:19:18,318 -Okay, very good. -[Adán] It's steaming. 996 01:19:18,362 --> 01:19:19,493 Uh-huh. Exactly. 997 01:19:19,537 --> 01:19:20,886 Look at the grass. See... 998 01:19:28,198 --> 01:19:29,112 Ready? 999 01:19:30,069 --> 01:19:31,375 [grunts] There we go. 1000 01:19:34,944 --> 01:19:36,423 All right, and here we go. 1001 01:19:36,467 --> 01:19:37,337 All right. 1002 01:19:38,512 --> 01:19:39,600 Mm-hmm. 1003 01:19:41,515 --> 01:19:44,127 -[Christine] And then throw it out from underneath. -[Adrian] Okay. 1004 01:19:44,170 --> 01:19:46,782 [Adrian] There you go. Very good. Okay. 1005 01:19:46,825 --> 01:19:47,695 Ta-da! 1006 01:19:48,871 --> 01:19:51,830 -Okay. Well, maybe it is. -Oh my goodness! 1007 01:19:51,874 --> 01:19:53,789 -Okay, so-- -Okay, that's cooked. 1008 01:19:53,832 --> 01:19:57,140 -Let me grab this. -[Adán] Do you know how steamy it is? 1009 01:19:57,183 --> 01:19:58,750 This is perfect. 1010 01:19:58,794 --> 01:20:01,100 This is delicious. Oh, it smells wonderful. 1011 01:20:01,971 --> 01:20:04,843 -[Adán] Oh, this is great. -[Christine] Turn it around, let me see it. 1012 01:20:04,887 --> 01:20:06,845 When I'm working with it, 1013 01:20:06,889 --> 01:20:12,633 it's an unusual experience, because this was a living thing. 1014 01:20:13,809 --> 01:20:17,638 And so to me, it's about a transformation that's happening. 1015 01:20:17,682 --> 01:20:22,426 Like, I do think about this is changing, the process that I go through, 1016 01:20:22,469 --> 01:20:24,907 I'm aware that I'm going through change. 1017 01:20:24,950 --> 01:20:26,386 [Adán] This is wonderful. 1018 01:20:27,300 --> 01:20:30,042 [Christine] For me, the reason that it's important 1019 01:20:30,086 --> 01:20:32,001 is that it was a way for me to reach back... 1020 01:20:33,089 --> 01:20:37,833 ...and bring something, like, tangible from things that are gone. 1021 01:20:37,876 --> 01:20:39,791 And so this is a way for me to do that. 1022 01:20:39,835 --> 01:20:43,055 [speaking in Spanish] 1023 01:20:43,099 --> 01:20:46,580 -[Christine] Yes. -[Adán laughing] 1024 01:20:46,624 --> 01:20:48,539 My mother always put garlic, 1025 01:20:48,582 --> 01:20:51,020 she used to come out of the kitchen, open the door, 1026 01:20:51,063 --> 01:20:53,718 just as the head was going into the pozo. 1027 01:20:53,761 --> 01:20:58,549 She would come out and throw a bowl of spices that she had made in the molcajete. 1028 01:20:58,592 --> 01:21:02,031 The door would open and she would appear then she would throw it into the pit. 1029 01:21:02,074 --> 01:21:03,902 -[laughing] -The men were all standing around, 1030 01:21:03,946 --> 01:21:06,252 and she was putting in the final magic touch. 1031 01:21:07,166 --> 01:21:10,430 This is the only texture that can be called barbacoa, nothing else. 1032 01:21:10,474 --> 01:21:14,870 Everything else, well, yes, they call it barbacoa, it's rump roast and everything. 1033 01:21:14,913 --> 01:21:17,829 -But this... -[Christine] This is it. So we can leave this here, 1034 01:21:17,873 --> 01:21:20,223 it'll just continue to cool and we take this inside. 1035 01:21:20,266 --> 01:21:22,834 -[Adrian] I am going to stay here peeling this. -Okay. 1036 01:21:22,878 --> 01:21:25,532 -Let's go. -[Adrian] Yep. We got it. 1037 01:21:25,576 --> 01:21:26,969 Come on, we got some barbacoa. 1038 01:21:27,926 --> 01:21:30,668 [humming] 1039 01:21:30,711 --> 01:21:33,801 [butcher] Some of the delicacies that are today, 1040 01:21:33,845 --> 01:21:37,718 were survival food for our families growing up. 1041 01:21:37,762 --> 01:21:42,723 So my dad would cook a cabeza because we couldn't afford anything more than 1042 01:21:42,767 --> 01:21:45,030 what was left over, which is the old faux meats. 1043 01:21:45,074 --> 01:21:48,251 And so we would get a cabeza, you put it in the ground 1044 01:21:48,294 --> 01:21:50,862 or put it in the oven, and it'd feed the whole family 1045 01:21:50,906 --> 01:21:53,256 for all-- all day Sunday church day. 1046 01:21:53,299 --> 01:21:55,606 We couldn't afford a T-Bones and the rib eyes 1047 01:21:55,649 --> 01:21:57,825 and the porterhouse steaks and some of your better stuff. 1048 01:21:57,869 --> 01:22:00,263 Here we grew up on what we had on the ranches... 1049 01:22:04,006 --> 01:22:06,443 We could stretch that further and just put a lot of salt, 1050 01:22:06,486 --> 01:22:08,619 pepper, garlic and it tasted good. 1051 01:22:08,662 --> 01:22:11,752 And now these Mexican chefs, these Mexican restaurants are coming in, 1052 01:22:11,796 --> 01:22:15,843 "Oh, this-- this is-- this is a delicacy. This is--" 1053 01:22:15,887 --> 01:22:17,323 This is survival food for us. 1054 01:22:22,981 --> 01:22:24,896 -Ready to eat almost? -Yes, we are. 1055 01:22:24,940 --> 01:22:27,203 [Adán] Grab some and let's eat. 1056 01:22:33,470 --> 01:22:36,081 I mean it was a big feast barbacoa. Oh! 1057 01:22:37,430 --> 01:22:40,781 And then I like aguacate, a little bit. 1058 01:22:40,825 --> 01:22:43,088 And then the main thing is I like salsa. 1059 01:22:45,177 --> 01:22:46,352 -That's the taco. -That's the taco. 1060 01:22:46,396 --> 01:22:47,440 Good picture for your book. 1061 01:22:47,484 --> 01:22:49,094 Yeah, it is. 1062 01:22:49,138 --> 01:22:50,530 [Adán] Now you can eat it. 1063 01:22:50,574 --> 01:22:51,879 [Christine] Yes, now we can eat it. 1064 01:22:52,837 --> 01:22:56,841 [Adán] The magic of food is community and family. 1065 01:22:56,884 --> 01:23:01,280 And so when you have barbacoa in a Mexican-American community, 1066 01:23:01,324 --> 01:23:04,805 they will immediately conjure up images of the extended family, 1067 01:23:04,849 --> 01:23:07,547 of working. Barbacoa is more than just a dish, 1068 01:23:07,591 --> 01:23:09,375 it's the entire tradition of the culture. 1069 01:23:09,419 --> 01:23:13,118 And I've always said, "Cuisine divorced from culture 1070 01:23:13,162 --> 01:23:14,598 has no legs." 1071 01:23:14,641 --> 01:23:17,688 So, but let me just eat my taco. [chuckles] 1072 01:23:17,731 --> 01:23:20,604 [warm music] 1073 01:23:20,647 --> 01:23:21,605 This is so good. 1074 01:23:23,999 --> 01:23:25,913 [Christine] You cannot buy the love that goes into cooking. 1075 01:23:25,957 --> 01:23:27,219 You just can't 1076 01:23:27,263 --> 01:23:29,352 You can't buy the-- the-- 1077 01:23:29,395 --> 01:23:32,529 the interchange that happens with your brothers, 1078 01:23:32,572 --> 01:23:36,663 with your sisters, with your mom, you know, those are not for sale. 1079 01:23:36,707 --> 01:23:38,491 So it's not easy to get that. 1080 01:23:40,711 --> 01:23:44,628 Nacho! Yeah, we're taking a group picture of everybody who's here. 1081 01:23:44,671 --> 01:23:46,238 -Oh, good. -Just a quick picture. 1082 01:23:46,282 --> 01:23:48,893 [Christine] It's about the exchange 1083 01:23:48,936 --> 01:23:52,723 of family and the bonding that takes place. 1084 01:23:55,160 --> 01:23:57,597 [Adán] What we're trying to say with our food 1085 01:23:57,641 --> 01:24:00,731 and celebrating the food is there is a way 1086 01:24:00,774 --> 01:24:05,257 that we can all share and we can really cook 1087 01:24:05,301 --> 01:24:08,217 and serve a table where all are welcome. 1088 01:24:08,260 --> 01:24:11,394 That's the new encounter that food gives us. 1089 01:24:13,352 --> 01:24:17,313 [Alston] To be Americans, we have to understand our past. 1090 01:24:17,356 --> 01:24:22,057 And if we understand our past, it helps us to better understand our present. 1091 01:24:23,362 --> 01:24:26,931 [Graciela] We have to know who we are. We have to love ourselves. 1092 01:24:26,974 --> 01:24:28,759 We have to respect ourselves. 1093 01:24:28,802 --> 01:24:31,196 If we want to work for peace and justice, 1094 01:24:31,240 --> 01:24:33,111 we have to start with ourselves. 1095 01:24:33,155 --> 01:24:36,810 We are that bridge between the past and the present, 1096 01:24:36,854 --> 01:24:39,726 we're the ones that have to tell the stories. 1097 01:24:53,175 --> 01:24:58,005 [Adán] The act of cooking is the act of facing differences 1098 01:24:58,049 --> 01:25:01,008 in a way that will make you grow in understanding. 1099 01:25:01,922 --> 01:25:04,403 And when you do that, you create a dish 1100 01:25:04,447 --> 01:25:10,583 that is new, uh, and that will be delicious because of how you accepted the other. 1101 01:25:11,671 --> 01:25:16,502 I think that's a formula for a society that lives in peace. 1102 01:25:17,547 --> 01:25:20,419 [uplifting music] 1103 01:25:20,463 --> 01:25:22,639 [unintelligible chatter] 1104 01:25:33,693 --> 01:25:34,868 Anyway, bye. 1105 01:25:36,218 --> 01:25:37,871 [woman] Thank you so much for everything. 1106 01:25:37,915 --> 01:25:40,222 Of course. Yeah, the food was delicious. 1107 01:25:40,265 --> 01:25:41,832 Thank you for having me. 1108 01:25:41,875 --> 01:25:43,312 Have safe travels. 1109 01:25:45,792 --> 01:25:49,144 [Native American singing] 1110 01:26:01,243 --> 01:26:04,246 [upbeat Mexican themed music]