WEBVTT FILE

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- So I'll pass it to you.

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Downloaded from
YTS.MX

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["Blueberry Hill" playing]

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[gentle piano music]

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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX

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- ♪ I found my thrill ♪

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- This clip
from 2010 has gone viral.

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- Oh, my God, his face.

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- ♪ On Blueberry Hill ♪

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narrator: As Putin woos
a star-studded crowd

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in St. Petersburg,
the West seems oblivious

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to the true nature
of this soulless dictator

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who will go on to sacrifice

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hundreds of thousands
of lives.

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What were we thinking?

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What was he thinking?

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- It was all about
how your ego is feeling.

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And that just gets in the way.
It blinds everything.

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- As a psychopath, Putin's
illness leads him

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to lack any normal
human emotion.

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- He was always rejected.
Okay.

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If they don't want me,
then I will do it my own way.

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narrator: To understand what
drives the most dangerous man

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on the planet, we're looking
into Putin's mindset

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with a different lens.

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- He was always a shadow.
He is a shadow man.

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And suddenly, you became
a leader of this country.

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narrator: We will hear
from the women

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closest to the fabulously
wealthy men

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who were in Putin's
inner circle--

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the oligarchs.

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- They were all obsessed with
the yachts, with private jets.

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- It was not about quality.

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It was all about price.

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- And they'd go,
oh, you're from Russia.

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Putin. Yay!

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And you'd go, what
are you talking about?

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narrator: It's a story
about the men

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who put Putin in power,
the ones who stood up to him

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and paid the ultimate price.

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[dramatic music]

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These are women
who dare to speak out.

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- I know I will not be going
back home anytime soon.

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narrator: They saw through
it all from the inside.

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- That type of character,

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they can absolutely lash out
when they feel cornered.

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- I think he became
really crazy.

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It did not happen just now.

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He just destroyed Russia.

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- He has a mission.
This is clear.

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- A person who is
really ill doesn't really

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care about what happens next.

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♪ ♪

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[pensive music]

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narrator:
London, England--

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home to more oligarchs
per square mile

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than anywhere
outside of Russia.

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- So we're in
Eaton Square now,

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which is sometimes wittily
known as Red Square.

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And Londongrad
or Moscow on Thames

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because this is where
the Russians started

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flocking to
in the early 2000s probably.

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narrator: English-born
Countess Alexandra Tolstoy,

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descended from Russia's most
famous writer Leo Tolstoy,

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has lived
the fairy tale lifestyle

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as the partner of one
of those oligarch elites.

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- We're now
approaching Hanover Lodge,

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which is the most beautiful
John Nash building,

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Regent's Park.

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Andrey Goncharenko
bought this in 2012.

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At the time, it was

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the most expensive property,
120 million.

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It's funny, Russians--
they've chosen

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very specific areas
like Chelsea,

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Regent's Park, Highgate.

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But I suppose it's a sign
of a newly developing elite

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that they
have to follow each other.

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You know, it's very much
about prestige.

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narrator: Alexandra first
met Russian oligarch

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Sergei Pugachev in 2006.

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"Forbes" magazine
estimated Sergei's net worth

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to be over $2 billion.

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- The oligarch lifestyle,
it was everything

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you probably expect it to be.

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It's private jets.

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It's Rolls Royces,
chauffeurs, chefs.

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We had an amazing yacht,
which was a Palmer Johnson,

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which is this very sort
of sporty

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James Bond-type yacht.

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It was all
beautifully decorated

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by this amazing decorator,
full of art deco antiques.

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And all these toys--

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jet skis and stuff like that.

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They all loved to holiday
in exactly the same places--

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it's the South of France,
it's Saint-Tropez,

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it's St. Barts.

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They're obsessed
with Courchevel and skiing.

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And it's all about show.

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Someone said to him,
do you want to go

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to St. Barts for New Year?
And he said yes.

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We stayed
in the Eden Roc Hotel,

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which is
a very glamorous hotel.

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So Sergei always traveled
with a bodyguard and a doctor.

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And wherever we were,
they were two meters

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behind us following us.

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narrator: A hotel room
wasn't enough for Sergei.

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The couple went shopping
and ended up

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in a realtor's office.

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- And within half an hour,

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he'd chosen the biggest house
on the island.

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I think it was 35 million euros
or something.

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narrator: Alexandra quickly
learned that Sergei

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had the ear of the
most powerful man in Russia--

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Vladimir Putin.

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- They spent hours talking
to each other every day.

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And obviously, yeah,
he had chosen Sergei

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as a particular confidant.

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narrator: Her relationship
with Sergei

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has given her
extraordinary insight

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into the ultra-elite world of
the oligarchs who made Putin.

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- Sergei was like
a microcosm of Putin.

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I mean, he had had far too
much power even, you know,

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not of a country,
but of his world.

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Wealth for him
was extremely important

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because it was a
way to be powerful,

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to control other people.

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narrator:
Today, Alexandra is bravely

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speaking out about Putin
and those in his orbit.

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But she is not alone.

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Another woman well connected
to the community

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of billionaires who have
fled Putin's Russia

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and made London home
is Tatiana Fokina.

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One of them is her partner,
Evgeny Chichvarkin,

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once worth over $1.5 billion.

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Together, they now own
and run Mayfair's

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most exclusive wine shop
down the road

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from the world-famous
Ritz Hotel.

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It's a far cry from
their humble beginnings

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in mother Russia.

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- From a human perspective,
we need--

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we need to understand that
we all came from a country

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that had nothing.
We had nothing.

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We were wearing
the same clothes.

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I had maybe two dresses.

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I had no toys.

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And after that, imagine
you get access to everything.

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And it's really tempting.

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And you want everything.

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narrator: But not all
the Russian billionaires

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in London had to flee here

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to save their lives
and fortunes.

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Some, like Roman Abramovich,
one of Russia's richest men,

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were here by choice.

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Rumored to be once worth
$23 billion,

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he remains
in Putin's good graces,

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even serving as his
back channel in peace talks

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with the Ukrainian government.

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- He now has all these
different properties in London,

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a beautiful Chateau
in the South of France.

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I think he's got three yachts.

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[seagulls cawing]

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So now we're drawing up
to the famous

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Chelsea Football Club,

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which was bought in 2003

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for 233 million by Abramovich.

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[announcer shouting
indistinctly]

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[cheers and applause]

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narrator:
Abramovich buys his way

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into the heart
of British society

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by acquiring one of
the country's most

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prestigious football clubs.

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- I suppose
Chelsea Football Club

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was the first
huge Western asset

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to be bought by a Russian.

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I don't think it was
controversial at the time,

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particularly, as he
invested so much money in it.

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He bought these
amazing players.

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[cheering]

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Every Russian I knew,
they wanted to go

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and sit in the box
at Chelsea and watch a match.

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That was their sort of--
the most glamorous thing

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you could do in London.

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narrator: Unlike some
fellow oligarchs

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who keep a lower profile,

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Abramovich has a taste
for entertaining

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and likes to be
surrounded by celebrities.

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- He had these famous
New Year's Eve parties.

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I once went out with Demi Moore
and Ashton Kutcher on a plane.

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They were coming into a party.

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And, yes, I met him.

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Wearing a very casual shirt,
looking like

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he was trying to be
a bit of a raver.

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It was funny, actually.

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And the Black Eyed Peas
were there.

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I just remember very sweaty.

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And I did think,
"God, it's funny."

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You're a--you know,
he was an orphan in Siberia.

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narrator:
But how did Abramovich

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and the select group
of oligarchs

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who were responsible
for Putin's rise to power

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make their fortunes
in the first place?

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[inquisitive music]

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♪ ♪

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The oligarchs, like everyone
in 1980 Soviet Russia,

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struggled to get by.

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Tatiana Fokina remembers.

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- I was born
in Leningrad in 1987.

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So the union collapsed
when I was four.

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And I still remember really
Soviet times,

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virtually having no food,

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and queues for food
for five hours,

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and, you know,
literally eating potatoes

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for weeks and weeks and weeks
when I was little.

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narrator: After decades of
prioritizing military spending

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at the expense
of civilian society,

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President Mikhail Gorbachev
understood

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that an arms race
with the United States

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was not winnable.

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- Mr. Gorbachev,
open this gate.

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[cheers and applause]

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Mr. Gorbachev,
tear down this wall.

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[cheers and applause]

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narrator:
Suddenly, in November 1989,

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the Berlin Wall fell.

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And from Moscow
to East Berlin,

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a new era would begin.

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♪ ♪

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Vladimir Putin
was a 37-year-old officer

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in the Soviet spy agency
the KGB,

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based in Dresden,
East Germany,

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when the Soviet Union
collapsed.

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A phone call from
an old friend brought him back

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to his hometown of Leningrad,
whose pre-Soviet name,

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St. Petersburg,
was then restored.

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For him,
free market capitalism

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had meant a loss of status.

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But his fortunes were about
to change dramatically.

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Ksenia Sobchak
was just a child

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when her father,
Anatoly Sobchak,

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became the first elected mayor
of St. Petersburg in 1991.

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- He was one of the main
democrats of a new Russia.

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He worked shoulder to shoulder
with Boris Yeltsin.

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So in the years when my father
was active in politics,

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I was around 11 years old.

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narrator: Ksenia observed
her father's political career

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from an early age.

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She recalls how he threw
an old friend a lifeline.

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- Putin was a guy
whom he met in university.

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And he did some work for him,

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and he liked the way
he did it.

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He always said
about Putin as being

252
00:12:25.657 --> 00:12:31.576
very efficient
and very responsible

253
00:12:31.663 --> 00:12:33.317
for what he was doing.

254
00:12:35.015 --> 00:12:36.625
narrator: As deputy mayor,

255
00:12:36.712 --> 00:12:39.019
Putin quickly impressed
his mentor,

256
00:12:39.106 --> 00:12:42.065
easing a citywide food crisis

257
00:12:42.152 --> 00:12:45.242
by trading Russian minerals
overseas to countries

258
00:12:45.329 --> 00:12:48.550
that sent back potatoes.

259
00:12:48.637 --> 00:12:52.075
- I understand why my father
respected him so much.

260
00:12:52.162 --> 00:12:55.949
Being in the limelight,
doing political,

261
00:12:56.036 --> 00:13:01.650
you know, work, being a mayor,
which is a quite public thing.

262
00:13:01.737 --> 00:13:06.481
You always have this guy who
doesn't want any light on him,

263
00:13:06.568 --> 00:13:08.657
but he was ready to work hard.

264
00:13:08.744 --> 00:13:10.833
I would never
believe if someone

265
00:13:10.920 --> 00:13:14.750
would say this guy
would be ruling Russia

266
00:13:14.837 --> 00:13:16.839
for more than 20 years.

267
00:13:16.926 --> 00:13:19.581
I would never ever believe.

268
00:13:19.668 --> 00:13:22.279
narrator: Some city officials
suspected Putin

269
00:13:22.366 --> 00:13:24.847
was also selling food
on the black market

270
00:13:24.934 --> 00:13:26.588
and pocketing the money,

271
00:13:26.675 --> 00:13:30.374
exploiting a new era
of entrepreneurship.

272
00:13:30.461 --> 00:13:32.855
- The '90s years in Russia

273
00:13:32.942 --> 00:13:36.554
were the only years
when there was real freedom

274
00:13:36.641 --> 00:13:39.819
and a lot of possibilities.

275
00:13:39.906 --> 00:13:42.430
- There was a time
of unique opportunities

276
00:13:42.517 --> 00:13:45.128
that presented themselves
when the Union collapsed.

277
00:13:45.215 --> 00:13:49.002
And, you know,
things were for grabs.

278
00:13:49.089 --> 00:13:53.441
And did everyone
have the courage, the skill,

279
00:13:53.528 --> 00:13:58.315
the intelligence,
you know, the social skills

280
00:13:58.402 --> 00:13:59.664
to make profit of it?

281
00:13:59.751 --> 00:14:01.666
No, because in Soviet times,

282
00:14:01.753 --> 00:14:03.886
you know,
there was no business.

283
00:14:03.973 --> 00:14:07.585
You didn't have
that business initiative.

284
00:14:07.672 --> 00:14:10.806
narrator: Tatiana's future
partner, Evgeny Chichvarkin,

285
00:14:10.893 --> 00:14:13.983
was a natural entrepreneur.

286
00:14:14.070 --> 00:14:15.463
- First steps in business,

287
00:14:15.550 --> 00:14:21.469
I just rent one square meter,
put newspaper,

288
00:14:21.556 --> 00:14:25.516
and bring everything
what I have at home--

289
00:14:25.603 --> 00:14:31.566
my old clothes and some food,
chocolate, cognac.

290
00:14:31.653 --> 00:14:33.915
I sell more than half of that.

291
00:14:34.003 --> 00:14:37.485
I asked my father
to give me $5,000--

292
00:14:37.572 --> 00:14:39.313
that probably
everything that he had.

293
00:14:39.400 --> 00:14:42.403
And he trust me,
and he gave me,

294
00:14:42.490 --> 00:14:46.624
and I return it
in 23 days back.

295
00:14:46.711 --> 00:14:49.453
There was great time.

296
00:14:49.540 --> 00:14:52.456
narrator: Alexandra's partner,
Sergei Pugachev,

297
00:14:52.543 --> 00:14:56.025
also seized every opportunity
he could find.

298
00:14:56.112 --> 00:14:58.898
- I think in the '90s,

299
00:14:58.985 --> 00:15:02.945
it was a bit like
sort of cowboy world.

300
00:15:03.032 --> 00:15:07.428
They were just taking
insane, very dangerous risks.

301
00:15:07.515 --> 00:15:09.256
But obviously,
they did pay off.

302
00:15:09.343 --> 00:15:12.607
And it was all about
bluffing, really,

303
00:15:12.694 --> 00:15:15.349
and you had to convince people.

304
00:15:15.436 --> 00:15:17.177
And people wanted to be--

305
00:15:17.264 --> 00:15:18.743
feel they were
with the powerful--

306
00:15:18.830 --> 00:15:20.006
but, you know, it's a bit
like in the jungle where

307
00:15:20.093 --> 00:15:21.398
you want to be with the lion.

308
00:15:21.485 --> 00:15:23.096
You don't want
to be with the lizard.

309
00:15:30.494 --> 00:15:32.235
Which was almost
a badge of honor

310
00:15:32.322 --> 00:15:34.411
because it was--
you were enterprising.

311
00:15:34.498 --> 00:15:36.413
He said he had
a jeans line where

312
00:15:36.500 --> 00:15:37.806
he was making fake Levis,

313
00:15:37.893 --> 00:15:40.461
and then he had
one of these car factories.

314
00:15:40.548 --> 00:15:43.377
He went and bought
slightly damaged parts

315
00:15:43.464 --> 00:15:45.640
and then would
assemble them on a line

316
00:15:45.727 --> 00:15:47.642
and sell the cars for cheaper.

317
00:15:47.729 --> 00:15:49.513
He then set up a bank.

318
00:15:49.600 --> 00:15:51.341
And his was the biggest
private bank,

319
00:15:51.428 --> 00:15:53.822
I think, at the time.

320
00:15:53.909 --> 00:15:56.694
[people shouting]

321
00:15:56.781 --> 00:15:58.261
narrator:
Without the iron fist

322
00:15:58.348 --> 00:16:00.872
of the Soviet police state,

323
00:16:00.960 --> 00:16:06.226
the early 1990s were a time
of lawlessness and anarchy.

324
00:16:06.313 --> 00:16:09.925
Boris Yeltsin grappled
with widespread unemployment,

325
00:16:10.012 --> 00:16:14.843
faltering state industries,
and food shortages.

326
00:16:14.930 --> 00:16:16.845
As his popularity waned,

327
00:16:16.932 --> 00:16:19.891
Yeltsin's solution
was to transfer

328
00:16:19.979 --> 00:16:23.808
massive state-owned industries
like banking and gas

329
00:16:23.895 --> 00:16:26.855
into the hands
of select businessmen,

330
00:16:26.942 --> 00:16:28.378
who would then
loan the government

331
00:16:28.465 --> 00:16:32.469
the funds it needed
to keep running.

332
00:16:32.556 --> 00:16:36.212
At that time, American-born
financier Bill Browder

333
00:16:36.299 --> 00:16:39.520
was investing heavily
in Russia.

334
00:16:39.607 --> 00:16:41.217
- I started investing in 1993

335
00:16:41.304 --> 00:16:44.090
at the beginning of the
Russian privatization program.

336
00:16:44.177 --> 00:16:45.874
At the time,
during the Yeltsin era,

337
00:16:45.961 --> 00:16:47.484
the oligarchs
were people who were

338
00:16:47.571 --> 00:16:50.879
not just immensely wealthy
but immensely powerful.

339
00:16:50.966 --> 00:16:54.056
In order to get
reelected in 1996,

340
00:16:54.143 --> 00:16:58.756
he allowed 22 oligarchs
to steal 40% of the country.

341
00:16:58.843 --> 00:17:00.976
The government borrowed money
from the oligarchs,

342
00:17:01.063 --> 00:17:03.848
and the oligarchs
asked for collateral.

343
00:17:03.935 --> 00:17:05.415
And so the government
then handed over

344
00:17:05.502 --> 00:17:06.895
all the crown jewels,

345
00:17:06.982 --> 00:17:08.636
and then the government
conveniently defaulted

346
00:17:08.723 --> 00:17:10.550
at the end of the loans.

347
00:17:10.637 --> 00:17:14.511
And these oligarchs then
became immensely wealthier

348
00:17:14.598 --> 00:17:18.253
through owning the most prized
crown jewels of the country.

349
00:17:18.340 --> 00:17:20.126
[suspenseful music]

350
00:17:20.213 --> 00:17:22.171
narrator: Overnight,
millionaires

351
00:17:22.258 --> 00:17:26.393
became billionaires, and a new
political class was born--

352
00:17:26.480 --> 00:17:29.222
the oligarchs.

353
00:17:29.309 --> 00:17:31.746
- And in return,
they used their resources,

354
00:17:31.833 --> 00:17:34.357
their media,
and everything else

355
00:17:34.444 --> 00:17:36.229
to make sure that
he was president.

356
00:17:36.316 --> 00:17:38.492
But in doing so,
he also gave up

357
00:17:38.579 --> 00:17:41.538
a huge amount of power
and sovereignty

358
00:17:41.625 --> 00:17:43.932
to these 22 oligarchs.

359
00:17:44.019 --> 00:17:48.458
- The oligarchs
in the original

360
00:17:48.545 --> 00:17:50.982
and the true sense of words,
they were not just

361
00:17:51.070 --> 00:17:52.419
super rich, you know.

362
00:17:52.506 --> 00:17:55.422
They were not businessmen
who made

363
00:17:55.509 --> 00:17:57.598
good business decision
or, like, a dodgy deal

364
00:17:57.685 --> 00:17:58.903
here and there.

365
00:17:58.990 --> 00:18:01.036
They had political power.

366
00:18:01.123 --> 00:18:05.127
And this is a crucial key
element to being an oligarch.

367
00:18:05.214 --> 00:18:07.608
narrator: Yeltsin put
his political prospects

368
00:18:07.695 --> 00:18:09.871
in the hands
of Sergei Pugachev,

369
00:18:09.958 --> 00:18:12.830
Alexandra's future partner.

370
00:18:12.917 --> 00:18:16.660
- In 1996, he ran
Yeltsin's election campaign.

371
00:18:16.747 --> 00:18:19.707
And he brought in these
American campaign managers,

372
00:18:19.794 --> 00:18:21.404
which was quite controversial.

373
00:18:21.491 --> 00:18:22.884
And it was the first time
where they sort of worked

374
00:18:22.971 --> 00:18:25.191
on someone's public image.

375
00:18:25.278 --> 00:18:26.583
And it did work.

376
00:18:26.670 --> 00:18:29.543
[upbeat folk music playing]

377
00:18:29.630 --> 00:18:36.506
♪ ♪

378
00:18:39.770 --> 00:18:42.425
[cheers and applause]

379
00:18:42.512 --> 00:18:44.732
narrator: After their
man won, many oligarchs

380
00:18:44.819 --> 00:18:47.387
took office as senators.

381
00:18:47.474 --> 00:18:50.520
- The money that
they continued to steal

382
00:18:50.607 --> 00:18:53.001
led to a terrible
social crisis in Russia

383
00:18:53.088 --> 00:18:55.134
where they were rich,

384
00:18:55.221 --> 00:18:56.874
and everybody else
was destitute.

385
00:18:56.961 --> 00:18:58.659
Nurses became prostitutes.

386
00:18:58.746 --> 00:19:00.878
Professors became taxi drivers.

387
00:19:00.965 --> 00:19:04.360
And art museums sold
the paintings off the walls

388
00:19:04.447 --> 00:19:05.883
in order to survive.

389
00:19:05.970 --> 00:19:07.189
It was a terrible time.

390
00:19:07.276 --> 00:19:10.453
[apprehensive music]

391
00:19:10.540 --> 00:19:12.673
narrator: The all-powerful
oligarchs were now

392
00:19:12.760 --> 00:19:16.546
like mafia bosses
working with criminals,

393
00:19:16.633 --> 00:19:19.549
ignoring a legal system
that had evolved little

394
00:19:19.636 --> 00:19:21.072
since Soviet times,

395
00:19:21.160 --> 00:19:23.249
and turning Russia
into fiefdoms

396
00:19:23.336 --> 00:19:25.294
of organized crime.

397
00:19:28.384 --> 00:19:30.734
Whilst Yeltsin
turned a blind eye,

398
00:19:30.821 --> 00:19:33.520
Russia's security service,
the FSB,

399
00:19:33.607 --> 00:19:37.176
take matters
into their own hands.

400
00:19:37.263 --> 00:19:40.570
One up-and-coming intelligence
officer at the FSB,

401
00:19:40.657 --> 00:19:43.965
formerly the KGB,
targeting criminal gangs,

402
00:19:44.052 --> 00:19:46.924
is Alexander Litvinenko.

403
00:19:47.011 --> 00:19:51.277
His family and friends
called him Sasha.

404
00:19:51.364 --> 00:19:55.150
He's tasked with leading
a secret intelligence unit,

405
00:19:55.237 --> 00:19:58.980
one of whose missions
is to keep oligarchs in line

406
00:19:59.067 --> 00:20:03.332
who'd become too independent,
too powerful.

407
00:20:03.419 --> 00:20:07.075
- These people who had money
became politician.

408
00:20:07.162 --> 00:20:09.512
And they tried
to get this at top level

409
00:20:09.599 --> 00:20:12.515
and be elected
to Russian parliament.

410
00:20:12.602 --> 00:20:15.823
narrator: Sasha soon discovers
the FSB itself

411
00:20:15.910 --> 00:20:19.043
is involved in this
web of crime.

412
00:20:19.130 --> 00:20:22.090
- He realized
organized crime now

413
00:20:22.177 --> 00:20:26.529
very linked
to security service,

414
00:20:26.616 --> 00:20:29.619
to politician,
and to big money.

415
00:20:29.706 --> 00:20:32.448
And this is--his was
the first concerning

416
00:20:32.535 --> 00:20:34.320
something is going wrong.

417
00:20:34.407 --> 00:20:39.107
They received more and more
order what doesn't look legal.

418
00:20:39.194 --> 00:20:41.936
What does it mean?
They need to kidnap people.

419
00:20:42.023 --> 00:20:46.332
They need to even maybe kill.

420
00:20:46.419 --> 00:20:49.552
narrator: The man at the
top of Sasha's hit list

421
00:20:49.639 --> 00:20:53.295
is Boris Berezovsky,
a media baron

422
00:20:53.382 --> 00:20:56.777
and owner of Russia's
biggest TV channel.

423
00:20:56.864 --> 00:20:59.780
As Russia's
most influential oligarch,

424
00:20:59.867 --> 00:21:02.173
Berezovsky
is an obvious target.

425
00:21:04.001 --> 00:21:06.221
He's already
survived one attempt

426
00:21:06.308 --> 00:21:08.702
on his life two years earlier.

427
00:21:32.987 --> 00:21:35.772
narrator: Berezovsky's driver
had been decapitated.

428
00:21:42.605 --> 00:21:49.482
♪ ♪

429
00:21:53.486 --> 00:21:55.401
narrator: Instead of
carrying out the order

430
00:21:55.488 --> 00:21:58.534
to assassinate Berezovsky,

431
00:21:58.621 --> 00:22:01.929
Sasha decides
to warn the oligarch.

432
00:22:02.016 --> 00:22:05.454
- Sasha came
to Boris Berezovsky to say,

433
00:22:05.541 --> 00:22:08.022
"I was asked to kill you."

434
00:22:08.109 --> 00:22:12.156
♪ ♪

435
00:22:12.243 --> 00:22:14.028
narrator:
Boris Berezovsky assumes

436
00:22:14.115 --> 00:22:16.770
the order came from Yeltsin.

437
00:22:16.857 --> 00:22:20.121
He tells Sasha to inform
the newly-appointed

438
00:22:20.208 --> 00:22:22.993
head of the FSB,
Vladimir Putin,

439
00:22:23.080 --> 00:22:26.519
a man Berezovsky trusts
and recommended for the job,

440
00:22:26.606 --> 00:22:30.827
that his agents are being used
for political assassinations.

441
00:22:33.526 --> 00:22:35.745
- Boris Berezovsky
believed

442
00:22:35.832 --> 00:22:39.183
they have a good friendship
with Putin.

443
00:22:39.270 --> 00:22:40.968
But that was not true.

444
00:22:41.055 --> 00:22:45.276
And when my husband Sasha
met Vladimir Putin,

445
00:22:45.364 --> 00:22:47.975
Putin didn't say nothing.

446
00:22:48.062 --> 00:22:50.238
I think Sasha
was not really impressed

447
00:22:50.325 --> 00:22:54.547
of Vladimir Putin as a person.

448
00:22:54.634 --> 00:22:57.941
narrator: Sasha's next step
is extraordinary.

449
00:22:58.028 --> 00:23:02.816
With other FSB whistleblowers,
he holds a press conference.

450
00:23:02.903 --> 00:23:06.689
It's broadcast by
Berezovsky's own network.

451
00:23:06.776 --> 00:23:09.431
Sasha reveals not only
the plot to assassinate

452
00:23:09.518 --> 00:23:11.825
Boris Berezovsky
but also shocking corruption

453
00:23:11.912 --> 00:23:13.783
inside the FSB.

454
00:23:13.870 --> 00:23:15.219
- I was really nervous

455
00:23:15.306 --> 00:23:17.178
when Sasha said
they're going publicly

456
00:23:17.265 --> 00:23:18.875
for this press conference.

457
00:23:18.962 --> 00:23:23.750
I said, why you need to be
so public in saying this?

458
00:23:23.837 --> 00:23:25.708
But he said, don't worry.

459
00:23:25.795 --> 00:23:28.711
He felt Boris Berezovsky
has a lot of power.

460
00:23:28.798 --> 00:23:32.323
And he felt his support
and a lot of support

461
00:23:32.411 --> 00:23:36.327
from other business in Russia.

462
00:23:36.415 --> 00:23:37.938
Other guys were
wearing glasses,

463
00:23:38.025 --> 00:23:40.854
and one was in a balaclava.

464
00:23:40.941 --> 00:23:44.031
narrator: Sasha chooses
not to cover his face.

465
00:23:45.467 --> 00:23:48.339
- [speaking Russian]

466
00:23:55.303 --> 00:23:56.652
- I was really shocked.

467
00:23:56.739 --> 00:23:59.699
And I asked him,
what is next after this?

468
00:23:59.786 --> 00:24:03.311
He said,
"Mm, I might be arrested,

469
00:24:03.398 --> 00:24:04.660
or I might be killed."

470
00:24:04.747 --> 00:24:08.185
[gunshots]

471
00:24:08.272 --> 00:24:12.015
narrator: Immediately fired
from the FSB by Putin himself,

472
00:24:12.102 --> 00:24:14.322
Sasha is arrested
on trumped-up charges

473
00:24:14.409 --> 00:24:16.759
of beating up a suspect.

474
00:24:16.846 --> 00:24:18.979
He spends
nine months in prison.

475
00:24:19.066 --> 00:24:21.764
[sirens blaring]

476
00:24:21.851 --> 00:24:25.551
[upbeat marching band music
playing]

477
00:24:25.638 --> 00:24:29.772
By 1999,
Yeltsin is deeply unpopular,

478
00:24:29.859 --> 00:24:32.340
and his behavior
becoming erratic.

479
00:24:34.995 --> 00:24:37.214
In ill health and fearful
of being prosecuted

480
00:24:37.301 --> 00:24:39.913
for corruption,
his days in the presidency

481
00:24:40.000 --> 00:24:41.218
are numbered.

482
00:24:43.525 --> 00:24:45.832
Sergei Pugachev is one
one of the oligarchs

483
00:24:45.919 --> 00:24:48.878
plotting to find
Yeltsin's replacement.

484
00:24:48.965 --> 00:24:51.620
He has someone
in mind that he thinks

485
00:24:51.707 --> 00:24:53.970
would be perfect
for the job,

486
00:24:54.057 --> 00:24:56.973
someone who would be
deferential.

487
00:24:57.060 --> 00:25:00.107
- Sergei definitely always got
to be number one in the room.

488
00:25:00.194 --> 00:25:01.978
So he would never ever
have chosen

489
00:25:02.065 --> 00:25:05.155
someone who he thought could
ever vaguely compete with him.

490
00:25:05.242 --> 00:25:07.854
They thought they had
this very malleable pawn

491
00:25:07.941 --> 00:25:12.075
who would fulfill
all these instructions.

492
00:25:12.162 --> 00:25:14.034
narrator:
Boris Berezovsky recalls

493
00:25:14.121 --> 00:25:17.777
how he supported Putin when
he first became president.

494
00:25:17.864 --> 00:25:20.562
- Definitely I support Putin.
I support Putin.

495
00:25:20.649 --> 00:25:24.000
And I trust that Putin
took this position

496
00:25:24.087 --> 00:25:25.436
as a successor of Yeltsin.

497
00:25:25.524 --> 00:25:27.743
Yes, as a successor.

498
00:25:27.830 --> 00:25:31.704
What it means, that he's
supposed to continue reform.

499
00:25:31.791 --> 00:25:35.055
- I would in this respect
agree with Berezovsky

500
00:25:35.142 --> 00:25:38.188
that in this way,
he has honesty

501
00:25:38.275 --> 00:25:44.455
and decency to has his clear
way of how things should be.

502
00:25:44.543 --> 00:25:50.157
And no one can take him out
of this road he chooses.

503
00:25:52.159 --> 00:25:54.465
narrator: At first,
Putin acts just like

504
00:25:54.553 --> 00:25:57.860
the drab bureaucrat
the oligarchs expected.

505
00:25:57.947 --> 00:25:59.949
[apprehensive music]

506
00:26:00.036 --> 00:26:02.865
- After the Yeltsin era,
I and everybody else

507
00:26:02.952 --> 00:26:05.999
was just desperate
for somebody normal.

508
00:26:06.086 --> 00:26:07.740
And here comes along this guy.

509
00:26:07.827 --> 00:26:12.701
He's got this blank face,
not charismatic at all.

510
00:26:12.788 --> 00:26:15.922
But he spoke English,
didn't drink.

511
00:26:16.009 --> 00:26:20.361
And so I sort of placed him
in the category

512
00:26:20.448 --> 00:26:24.887
of boring functionary,
but it's what Russia needed.

513
00:26:24.974 --> 00:26:30.676
And I had no idea the evil
that lurked just underneath.

514
00:26:30.763 --> 00:26:32.547
narrator:
Sergei told Alexandra

515
00:26:32.634 --> 00:26:37.508
how Putin reacted to the
opulent halls of the Kremlin.

516
00:26:37.596 --> 00:26:39.162
- Putin grew up
in a communal flat,

517
00:26:39.249 --> 00:26:41.730
which is really
the most humble way

518
00:26:41.817 --> 00:26:43.776
you could possibly grow up.
It's a shared kitchen.

519
00:26:43.863 --> 00:26:45.429
It's a shared bathroom
with other families.

520
00:26:45.516 --> 00:26:51.044
To have then gone to be living
in this sort of semi-palace,

521
00:26:51.131 --> 00:26:53.350
apparently he was just like
a child in a sweet shop.

522
00:26:53.437 --> 00:26:57.485
He was just so excited and
couldn't even really hide it.

523
00:26:59.835 --> 00:27:02.229
narrator: The oligarchs were
confident they'd found the man

524
00:27:02.316 --> 00:27:05.362
to do their bidding
and sold their pick

525
00:27:05.449 --> 00:27:08.627
to the ailing
alcoholic president.

526
00:27:08.714 --> 00:27:12.935
On December 31, 1999,
Yeltsin resigns.

527
00:27:13.022 --> 00:27:14.850
- [speaking Russian]

528
00:27:14.937 --> 00:27:16.765
- In a nationwide
television address,

529
00:27:16.852 --> 00:27:19.159
the ailing 68-year-old
Yeltsin said

530
00:27:19.246 --> 00:27:21.378
his life's work is finished.

531
00:27:21.465 --> 00:27:25.382
"Russia will never return to
its Communist past," he said.

532
00:27:25.469 --> 00:27:28.734
Yeltsin then handed power
and Russia's nuclear suitcase

533
00:27:28.821 --> 00:27:32.215
to his prime minister,
Vladimir Putin.

534
00:27:32.302 --> 00:27:35.697
Putin, a 47-year-old
former KGB spy,

535
00:27:35.784 --> 00:27:38.395
will be Russia's acting
president until elections

536
00:27:38.482 --> 00:27:40.833
are held in three months.

537
00:27:40.920 --> 00:27:45.098
[lively fanfare]

538
00:27:45.185 --> 00:27:47.970
narrator: President Putin's
first official move

539
00:27:48.057 --> 00:27:51.104
is to grant Yeltsin immunity
from prosecution

540
00:27:51.191 --> 00:27:54.324
on corruption charges.

541
00:27:54.411 --> 00:27:56.936
- In 2000, when Putin
became president,

542
00:27:57.023 --> 00:28:02.289
he looked young, promising,
healthy, and so on.

543
00:28:02.376 --> 00:28:05.248
[tense music]

544
00:28:05.335 --> 00:28:06.946
♪ ♪

545
00:28:07.033 --> 00:28:09.949
- Here is a young,
effective president

546
00:28:10.036 --> 00:28:14.040
with good health,
very open to the world,

547
00:28:14.127 --> 00:28:16.782
very open
to America and Europe.

548
00:28:16.869 --> 00:28:18.348
- The vast majority of people--

549
00:28:18.435 --> 00:28:20.176
and this is--
this completely makes sense.

550
00:28:20.263 --> 00:28:22.004
He was a breath
of fresh air because

551
00:28:22.091 --> 00:28:23.745
he spoke foreign languages,
he was young,

552
00:28:23.832 --> 00:28:25.616
energetic, sporty.

553
00:28:25.704 --> 00:28:29.185
As much as we hate him now,
you have to give it to him.

554
00:28:29.272 --> 00:28:32.711
He is very charismatic.

555
00:28:32.798 --> 00:28:36.149
Really, he can be
very charming still even.

556
00:28:36.236 --> 00:28:42.633
♪ ♪

557
00:28:42.721 --> 00:28:45.506
narrator: Just four months
into his presidency,

558
00:28:45.593 --> 00:28:48.639
Putin invites Russia's
most powerful oligarchs

559
00:28:48.727 --> 00:28:52.339
to a meeting behind
closed doors at the Kremlin

560
00:28:52.426 --> 00:28:54.080
and offers them a deal.

561
00:28:56.256 --> 00:28:59.041
Do what I say, and you
can keep your wealth.

562
00:28:59.128 --> 00:29:02.958
Stand against me,
and I will take everything.

563
00:29:06.048 --> 00:29:08.485
Tatiana's future partner,
at the time

564
00:29:08.572 --> 00:29:10.705
the youngest
multi-millionaire in Russia,

565
00:29:10.792 --> 00:29:13.664
had been paying
close attention.

566
00:29:13.752 --> 00:29:15.579
- Putin said, that's the rules.

567
00:29:15.666 --> 00:29:18.408
You can do everything, make
as much money as you want.

568
00:29:18.495 --> 00:29:21.542
But don't go to politics.

569
00:29:21.629 --> 00:29:23.413
And everybody said yes.

570
00:29:23.500 --> 00:29:25.024
Yes, sir.

571
00:29:25.111 --> 00:29:28.244
At that time, I thought,

572
00:29:28.331 --> 00:29:31.334
"If I will be
just trading phones,

573
00:29:31.421 --> 00:29:34.424
"and I've been not
involved in politics,

574
00:29:34.511 --> 00:29:36.165
nothing will happen with me."

575
00:29:36.252 --> 00:29:38.254
That was my thought.

576
00:29:41.170 --> 00:29:42.868
narrator: The oligarchs
still believe Putin

577
00:29:42.955 --> 00:29:45.696
is their puppet president.

578
00:29:45.784 --> 00:29:48.830
Yet in public statements,
Putin denounces the oligarchs

579
00:29:48.917 --> 00:29:50.484
for their greed.

580
00:29:52.921 --> 00:29:55.794
- [speaking Russian]

581
00:30:06.935 --> 00:30:10.330
- In Russia,
people hate rich people.

582
00:30:10.417 --> 00:30:15.552
Most of the people
hate oligarchs.

583
00:30:15.639 --> 00:30:18.904
They think all the money
that have oligarchs,

584
00:30:18.991 --> 00:30:24.692
they only come from,
you know, stealing.

585
00:30:24.779 --> 00:30:26.868
narrator:
One oligarch in particular

586
00:30:26.955 --> 00:30:29.262
believes Putin means
what he says about

587
00:30:29.349 --> 00:30:31.177
reducing the oligarchs' power.

588
00:30:48.847 --> 00:30:51.066
narrator: Other oligarchs
believe the president

589
00:30:51.153 --> 00:30:53.764
can be managed,
even though some suspect

590
00:30:53.852 --> 00:30:57.681
he is jealous
of their lifestyle.

591
00:30:57.768 --> 00:31:00.728
- Sergei told me funny stories
like even about--

592
00:31:00.815 --> 00:31:02.991
because he's
quite small, Putin.

593
00:31:03.078 --> 00:31:04.558
He told me once
he was swimming.

594
00:31:04.645 --> 00:31:06.168
Sergei was swimming
in a swimming pool.

595
00:31:06.255 --> 00:31:08.127
And Putin was
standing at the end.

596
00:31:08.214 --> 00:31:11.391
And he said, "Look at you
with your long arms."

597
00:31:11.478 --> 00:31:13.610
I think he probably
felt very frustrated

598
00:31:13.697 --> 00:31:17.484
that the oligarchs were living
these crazy, glamorous lives.

599
00:31:17.571 --> 00:31:19.355
Putin would much prefer
to have been an oligarch

600
00:31:19.442 --> 00:31:22.750
than to have been
the president.

601
00:31:22.837 --> 00:31:25.971
narrator: Another person who
has no illusions about Putin

602
00:31:26.058 --> 00:31:29.626
is FSB whistleblower
Sasha Litvinenko,

603
00:31:29.713 --> 00:31:32.499
released from jail
after nine months.

604
00:31:32.586 --> 00:31:35.850
- He really worried
about us, his family,

605
00:31:35.937 --> 00:31:39.071
when he decide
to escape from Russia.

606
00:31:39.158 --> 00:31:41.595
This was not only because
he would be arrested

607
00:31:41.682 --> 00:31:44.119
again and put to jail.

608
00:31:44.206 --> 00:31:47.340
He knew they might do
something against us.

609
00:31:47.427 --> 00:31:50.952
narrator: Sasha sends Marina
and their young son Anatoly

610
00:31:51.039 --> 00:31:53.259
on holiday to Spain.

611
00:31:53.346 --> 00:31:55.609
She doesn't yet realize
her husband

612
00:31:55.696 --> 00:31:59.308
is plotting their escape
from Putin's Russia.

613
00:31:59.395 --> 00:32:02.224
- When I was in Spain
with Anatoly,

614
00:32:02.311 --> 00:32:06.663
Sasha first time started
to talk about

615
00:32:06.750 --> 00:32:10.058
maybe we're not going back
to Russia.

616
00:32:10.145 --> 00:32:14.367
And when he started this,
I was immediately disagree.

617
00:32:14.454 --> 00:32:17.848
I said, no way.
No way I leave my parents.

618
00:32:17.936 --> 00:32:20.068
I leave everything.

619
00:32:20.155 --> 00:32:23.028
narrator:
Reluctantly, Sasha gives in,

620
00:32:23.115 --> 00:32:25.421
saying they will return
to Moscow after the holiday.

621
00:32:25.508 --> 00:32:29.338
But then he gets
a call from Berezovsky.

622
00:32:29.425 --> 00:32:32.820
- Boris Berezovsky
called him and just said,

623
00:32:32.907 --> 00:32:34.909
"Sasha, don't do this.

624
00:32:34.996 --> 00:32:36.693
Your life will be in danger."

625
00:32:39.783 --> 00:32:42.090
narrator:
Instead of flying home,

626
00:32:42.177 --> 00:32:46.094
the Litvinenkos
board a flight to London.

627
00:32:46.181 --> 00:32:48.270
- First of all, I had
not only a suitcase.

628
00:32:48.357 --> 00:32:51.012
I had my husband
and my son with me--

629
00:32:51.099 --> 00:32:54.755
Anatoly, who was
just six years old.

630
00:32:54.842 --> 00:32:56.148
We left everything behind--

631
00:32:56.235 --> 00:33:01.066
our friends,
our families, our job, all.

632
00:33:01.153 --> 00:33:04.808
But we had to do this
for him, for our son,

633
00:33:04.895 --> 00:33:07.594
because he will be
a freedom person.

634
00:33:07.681 --> 00:33:09.552
He will live
in a freedom country.

635
00:33:09.639 --> 00:33:14.035
♪ ♪

636
00:33:14.122 --> 00:33:16.037
narrator: At the start
of his presidency,

637
00:33:16.124 --> 00:33:19.127
the world
had high hopes for Putin

638
00:33:19.214 --> 00:33:22.000
that he might lean in
to democratic rule,

639
00:33:22.087 --> 00:33:25.742
a 21st century man
ready to reform

640
00:33:25.829 --> 00:33:28.136
a corrupt
and inefficient system.

641
00:33:28.223 --> 00:33:30.138
- And I looked
the man in the eye.

642
00:33:30.225 --> 00:33:32.445
I found him to be
very straightforward

643
00:33:32.532 --> 00:33:33.663
and trustworthy.

644
00:33:35.448 --> 00:33:37.450
narrator: But as the
first year of Putin's rule

645
00:33:37.537 --> 00:33:40.322
comes to a close,
Russian journalists

646
00:33:40.409 --> 00:33:43.673
are rocked by a string
of unexplained murders.

647
00:33:46.850 --> 00:33:50.332
Investigative reporters
brutally eliminated,

648
00:33:50.419 --> 00:33:52.639
the suspected killers
with ties

649
00:33:52.726 --> 00:33:55.946
to the security services.

650
00:33:56.034 --> 00:33:59.298
The message was received
loud and clear.

651
00:33:59.385 --> 00:34:02.866
[tense music]

652
00:34:02.953 --> 00:34:05.521
There were limits
to press freedom.

653
00:34:05.608 --> 00:34:08.697
Putin's Russia
was not the West.

654
00:34:10.918 --> 00:34:13.746
In August,
Putin travels to Murmansk

655
00:34:13.833 --> 00:34:15.705
to meet the
grief-stricken families

656
00:34:15.792 --> 00:34:17.620
of sailors who had drowned

657
00:34:17.706 --> 00:34:19.708
when the
submarine "Kursk" sank.

658
00:34:21.797 --> 00:34:25.976
In a six hour conference,
they unleash their anger

659
00:34:26.063 --> 00:34:28.978
on Putin's officials.

660
00:34:29.067 --> 00:34:31.938
- [speaking Russian]

661
00:34:40.774 --> 00:34:44.429
narrator: For weeks,
Boris Berezovsky's ORT network

662
00:34:44.516 --> 00:34:46.518
broadcasts
wall-to-wall coverage

663
00:34:46.606 --> 00:34:49.391
of Putin's public humiliation,

664
00:34:49.478 --> 00:34:51.828
sharply criticizing
the president's handling

665
00:34:51.915 --> 00:34:54.657
of the crisis.

666
00:34:54.744 --> 00:34:58.270
A few months later,
Putin gets his revenge.

667
00:35:00.924 --> 00:35:03.840
Facing charges
of fraud and embezzlement,

668
00:35:03.927 --> 00:35:06.669
Berezovsky is forced
to sell his media empire

669
00:35:06.756 --> 00:35:08.497
and flee to London,

670
00:35:08.584 --> 00:35:11.370
realizing he has no future
in Russia.

671
00:35:12.936 --> 00:35:16.505
[suspenseful music]

672
00:35:16.592 --> 00:35:19.552
At first, the other
oligarchs believed

673
00:35:19.639 --> 00:35:22.250
that if they stay out
of the public eye

674
00:35:22.337 --> 00:35:25.079
and build their fortunes
in dull industries

675
00:35:25.166 --> 00:35:28.430
like banking and oil,
Putin will leave them alone.

676
00:35:32.217 --> 00:35:35.394
But in 2003,
they learn a lesson

677
00:35:35.481 --> 00:35:37.961
that no one would ever forget

678
00:35:38.048 --> 00:35:39.963
when the richest man
in Russia,

679
00:35:40.050 --> 00:35:42.227
Mikhail Khodorkovsky,
challenges Putin

680
00:35:42.314 --> 00:35:44.185
at a Kremlin summit.

681
00:35:46.970 --> 00:35:49.843
- [speaking Russian]

682
00:36:06.599 --> 00:36:09.428
- [speaking Russian]

683
00:36:18.176 --> 00:36:20.003
- I remember the meeting

684
00:36:20.090 --> 00:36:23.746
when Khodorkovsky expressed
his concerns over corruption.

685
00:36:23.833 --> 00:36:27.359
And it sort of
made your blood go cold

686
00:36:27.446 --> 00:36:30.971
just because you knew
it was not going to end well.

687
00:36:31.058 --> 00:36:33.495
There was that famous footage
and how Putin looks.

688
00:36:33.582 --> 00:36:37.151
And then, you know,
shortly after, he got arrested.

689
00:36:37.238 --> 00:36:40.676
And he was an absolute hero

690
00:36:40.763 --> 00:36:43.592
because it took
so much courage

691
00:36:43.679 --> 00:36:45.072
just to say those words.

692
00:36:45.159 --> 00:36:48.162
And, you know,
and he had things to lose.

693
00:36:48.249 --> 00:36:50.773
narrator: Khodorkovsky
breaks the oligarch code

694
00:36:50.860 --> 00:36:53.298
by involving himself
in politics,

695
00:36:53.385 --> 00:36:56.083
for which he is destroyed.

696
00:36:56.170 --> 00:37:01.001
The state seizes much of his
estimated $15 billion fortune

697
00:37:01.088 --> 00:37:05.397
and sentences him to nine
years in prison for fraud.

698
00:37:05.484 --> 00:37:09.314
- Khodorkovsky started
being politically active,

699
00:37:09.401 --> 00:37:12.404
and that was why
he went to prison,

700
00:37:12.491 --> 00:37:17.147
and that when Russia started
to change dramatically.

701
00:37:17.235 --> 00:37:18.671
- And at that point,
the other oligarchs

702
00:37:18.758 --> 00:37:20.063
came to Putin and said,
"What do we have to do

703
00:37:20.150 --> 00:37:21.848
so we don't go to jail?"

704
00:37:21.935 --> 00:37:24.198
And Putin said, 50%.

705
00:37:24.285 --> 00:37:25.808
And at that moment,
Putin became

706
00:37:25.895 --> 00:37:29.029
the richest man in the world.

707
00:37:29.116 --> 00:37:30.987
narrator:
While Putin privately demands

708
00:37:31.074 --> 00:37:32.902
half their wealth,

709
00:37:32.989 --> 00:37:36.079
publicly, he continues
to threaten the oligarchs,

710
00:37:36.166 --> 00:37:41.084
knowing ordinary Russians
feel little sympathy for them.

711
00:37:41.171 --> 00:37:44.044
- [speaking Russian]

712
00:38:12.768 --> 00:38:14.248
- Ordinary Russians,
they live

713
00:38:14.335 --> 00:38:16.816
a completely different life,
and we can't imagine.

714
00:38:16.903 --> 00:38:19.079
You know, they have
the toilet outside.

715
00:38:19.166 --> 00:38:23.170
They literally think about
getting food on the table.

716
00:38:23.257 --> 00:38:25.651
This is the level
of their concerns.

717
00:38:25.738 --> 00:38:30.525
So people saw that as, yeah,
they stole all our money.

718
00:38:30.612 --> 00:38:33.049
They got punished,
and that serves them right,

719
00:38:33.136 --> 00:38:35.138
and I'm poor, and they're rich.

720
00:38:35.225 --> 00:38:37.880
I think they saw this as

721
00:38:37.967 --> 00:38:39.926
a demonstration of strength
from Putin.

722
00:38:43.669 --> 00:38:46.106
narrator: Oleg Deripaska
was one oligarch

723
00:38:46.193 --> 00:38:49.675
who prospered in the
first years of Putin's regime,

724
00:38:49.762 --> 00:38:52.634
becoming Russia's richest man.

725
00:39:02.905 --> 00:39:04.864
narrator: Deripaska owns
several sectors

726
00:39:04.951 --> 00:39:09.434
of Russian industry,
employing thousands.

727
00:39:09.521 --> 00:39:12.132
When he tries to close
a cement factory

728
00:39:12.219 --> 00:39:14.308
and fire its workers,
it is an opportunity

729
00:39:14.395 --> 00:39:16.223
for Putin to step in

730
00:39:16.310 --> 00:39:18.878
and posture as a man
of the people.

731
00:39:20.445 --> 00:39:23.273
- [speaking Russian]

732
00:39:38.550 --> 00:39:40.595
narrator:
Deripaska abandons his plans

733
00:39:40.682 --> 00:39:42.467
and keeps the plant running.

734
00:39:59.701 --> 00:40:02.269
[tense music]

735
00:40:02.356 --> 00:40:05.925
♪ ♪

736
00:40:10.712 --> 00:40:13.019
narrator: The oligarchs
now understand

737
00:40:13.106 --> 00:40:16.414
they have underestimated Putin
all along.

738
00:40:16.501 --> 00:40:19.112
Unlike Berezovsky
and Khodorkovsky,

739
00:40:19.199 --> 00:40:23.856
Deripaska had done nothing
to embarrass or upstage Putin.

740
00:40:23.943 --> 00:40:29.252
It is now clear to everyone
money does not equal power.

741
00:40:33.822 --> 00:40:36.782
With his friend and ally
oligarch Boris Berezovsky

742
00:40:36.869 --> 00:40:38.827
already ensconced in London,

743
00:40:38.914 --> 00:40:41.308
the Litvinenko family
now arrives.

744
00:40:43.310 --> 00:40:45.486
They hope Berezovsky
will help them

745
00:40:45.573 --> 00:40:48.141
as they build new lives
in a foreign country.

746
00:40:50.404 --> 00:40:52.841
- Sasha and Boris
Berezovsky been

747
00:40:52.928 --> 00:40:55.583
the most different people
you can imagine.

748
00:40:55.670 --> 00:41:00.109
And many people been surprised
what might be between of them.

749
00:41:00.196 --> 00:41:02.895
But it was really
a friendship.

750
00:41:04.940 --> 00:41:07.377
narrator: But Sasha
cannot stay quiet

751
00:41:07.465 --> 00:41:09.075
when another good friend
of his,

752
00:41:09.162 --> 00:41:11.947
journalist Anna Politkovskaya,

753
00:41:12.034 --> 00:41:16.125
is murdered after criticizing
Putin's war in Chechnya.

754
00:41:16.212 --> 00:41:21.609
♪ ♪

755
00:41:21.696 --> 00:41:25.134
- When Anna was killed
7th of October,

756
00:41:25.221 --> 00:41:29.443
Sasha was devastated
because he felt

757
00:41:29.530 --> 00:41:32.228
it something he didn't prevent.

758
00:41:34.796 --> 00:41:36.494
narrator:
After Anna's murder,

759
00:41:36.581 --> 00:41:39.235
Sasha is invited
to speak to journalists

760
00:41:39.322 --> 00:41:40.715
at a gathering in London.

761
00:41:42.543 --> 00:41:45.503
- [speaking Russian]

762
00:41:51.987 --> 00:41:54.294
narrator: Just days after
he accuses Putin

763
00:41:54.381 --> 00:41:58.385
of Anna's murder,
Sasha falls gravely ill.

764
00:41:58.472 --> 00:42:00.430
- I thought it might be
just some kind

765
00:42:00.518 --> 00:42:03.129
of digestion problem
or anything.

766
00:42:03.216 --> 00:42:07.307
But sickness was so powerful
and so unusual.

767
00:42:07.394 --> 00:42:12.181
And Sasha immediately
suspected something wrong.

768
00:42:12.268 --> 00:42:16.055
His immune system
dropped almost to zero.

769
00:42:16.142 --> 00:42:20.538
And doctors and hospital
didn't know why.

770
00:42:20.625 --> 00:42:22.104
narrator: Sasha told
hospital doctors

771
00:42:22.191 --> 00:42:25.194
he suspected foul play.

772
00:42:25.281 --> 00:42:28.197
- I'm a Russian,
I'm former security service,

773
00:42:28.284 --> 00:42:30.765
and I have
a very powerful enemy.

774
00:42:30.852 --> 00:42:32.332
narrator:
For nearly two weeks,

775
00:42:32.419 --> 00:42:35.422
they try to diagnose
the cause of Sasha's sickness

776
00:42:35.509 --> 00:42:39.295
until finally, a blood test
revealed he'd been poisoned.

777
00:42:39.382 --> 00:42:40.949
- And his blood was checked

778
00:42:41.036 --> 00:42:43.169
for poisoning first time.

779
00:42:43.256 --> 00:42:47.739
And it was a trace of thallium.

780
00:42:47.826 --> 00:42:50.132
narrator: The Litvinenko case
would be a warning

781
00:42:50.219 --> 00:42:52.091
to all Putin's enemies

782
00:42:52.178 --> 00:42:55.007
who thought
they'd be safe in England.

783
00:42:55.094 --> 00:42:58.837
Paying close attention is
the oligarch Boris Berezovsky.

784
00:43:01.317 --> 00:43:05.321
- He asked Boris
to come to see him.

785
00:43:05.408 --> 00:43:11.632
Berezovsky, I saw he was
really, really nervous about.

786
00:43:11.719 --> 00:43:14.896
And Sasha say,
"Boris, you promise

787
00:43:14.983 --> 00:43:17.638
"if something happen to me,

788
00:43:17.725 --> 00:43:20.946
"you will never leave Marina
and my family

789
00:43:21.033 --> 00:43:23.426
without attention."

790
00:43:23.513 --> 00:43:25.080
And, of course,
for Boris, it wasn't

791
00:43:25.167 --> 00:43:27.996
even a question to discuss.

792
00:43:30.259 --> 00:43:34.263
But he had two days
to talk to police.

793
00:43:34.350 --> 00:43:37.615
He gave a lot of evidence,

794
00:43:37.702 --> 00:43:40.574
even if it was very difficult
to talk.

795
00:43:40.661 --> 00:43:43.098
And they told me, we definitely
will do everything

796
00:43:43.185 --> 00:43:45.187
to investigate this case.

797
00:43:47.363 --> 00:43:50.410
- We're sorry to announce that
Alexander Litvinenko died

798
00:43:50.497 --> 00:43:52.542
at University College Hospital

799
00:43:52.630 --> 00:43:55.415
at 9:21 on the 23rd
of November 2006.

800
00:43:55.502 --> 00:43:58.200
And the matter is now
an ongoing investigation

801
00:43:58.287 --> 00:44:00.942
being dealt with by detectives
from New Scotland Yard.

802
00:44:27.055 --> 00:44:30.232
narrator: From his deathbed,
Sasha had helped police solve

803
00:44:30.319 --> 00:44:32.931
his own murder,
pointing the finger

804
00:44:33.018 --> 00:44:36.630
at two Russian associates,
both ex-KGB,

805
00:44:36.717 --> 00:44:39.328
who he said had spiked his
green tea

806
00:44:39.415 --> 00:44:42.592
with radioactive polonium-210,

807
00:44:42.680 --> 00:44:45.900
a claim the
Russian government denies.

808
00:44:45.987 --> 00:44:48.903
- For me, it looks
they didn't expect

809
00:44:48.990 --> 00:44:51.558
polonium would be discovered

810
00:44:51.645 --> 00:44:54.430
because it's
radioactive material.

811
00:44:54.517 --> 00:44:55.867
You can't buy.

812
00:44:55.954 --> 00:44:58.783
You can't just select it.

813
00:44:58.870 --> 00:45:03.004
You can't take it from nowhere,
just from nuclear reactor.

814
00:45:06.486 --> 00:45:11.099
narrator: In 2006, at the time
of Litvinenko's death,

815
00:45:11.186 --> 00:45:14.320
Alexandra Tolstoy
was traveling in Russia

816
00:45:14.407 --> 00:45:16.757
with little knowledge
of Putin's world.

817
00:45:16.844 --> 00:45:20.718
She was a young woman having
an adventure living abroad.

818
00:45:20.805 --> 00:45:22.720
- I was doing
these different jobs,

819
00:45:22.807 --> 00:45:24.504
and I taught English
just occasionally,

820
00:45:24.591 --> 00:45:26.288
and a friend of mine
said to me,

821
00:45:26.375 --> 00:45:29.161
"Oh, my boss wants to have
English conversation lessons."

822
00:45:29.248 --> 00:45:31.119
And I said, yeah, sure.
I'll do that.

823
00:45:31.206 --> 00:45:33.121
But he was so reserved
and silent

824
00:45:33.208 --> 00:45:34.949
and sort of seemed
to be watching me.

825
00:45:35.036 --> 00:45:37.169
I was flailing around like,
what should I--and I said,

826
00:45:37.256 --> 00:45:39.258
should we talk about Putin?

827
00:45:39.345 --> 00:45:41.651
And he said, no politics.
No politics.

828
00:45:41.739 --> 00:45:43.915
And then I went home,
and I Googled him.

829
00:45:44.002 --> 00:45:45.612
And I went--I remember
going bright red.

830
00:45:45.699 --> 00:45:47.309
You know, I thought,
this is awful.

831
00:45:47.396 --> 00:45:50.182
I had no idea,
and he was a senator.

832
00:45:50.269 --> 00:45:54.229
And he was already
nicknamed Putin's banker.

833
00:45:54.316 --> 00:45:56.275
narrator: The next time
Alexandra crossed paths

834
00:45:56.362 --> 00:45:59.452
with Putin's banker
would be two years later

835
00:45:59.539 --> 00:46:02.281
and in very different
circumstances.

836
00:46:02.368 --> 00:46:03.848
- I was working
for something called

837
00:46:03.935 --> 00:46:06.676
the Laureus Sports Awards
in St. Petersburg.

838
00:46:06.764 --> 00:46:09.375
And I was asked to invite
people who would spend

839
00:46:09.462 --> 00:46:12.291
10,000 euros on a ticket.

840
00:46:12.378 --> 00:46:13.814
I suddenly remembered him,

841
00:46:13.901 --> 00:46:16.208
and then when I met him
at the sports awards,

842
00:46:16.295 --> 00:46:18.079
I walked up to him, and I said,
do you remember me?

843
00:46:18.166 --> 00:46:19.820
Hello.

844
00:46:19.907 --> 00:46:22.257
And he looked at me and went,
oh, my goodness.

845
00:46:22.344 --> 00:46:23.258
You've made my evening.

846
00:46:23.345 --> 00:46:25.391
I'm so happy you're here.

847
00:46:25.478 --> 00:46:27.872
I've thought about you
every day since those lessons,

848
00:46:27.959 --> 00:46:29.569
and I was completely staggered
because at the lessons,

849
00:46:29.656 --> 00:46:32.354
he'd looked so serious.

850
00:46:32.441 --> 00:46:34.487
So I sat next to him
at dinner,

851
00:46:34.574 --> 00:46:36.010
and Sergei just clung
to me, I remember,

852
00:46:36.097 --> 00:46:38.230
and I felt--it was
very exciting to feel

853
00:46:38.317 --> 00:46:40.014
that looked after.

854
00:46:40.101 --> 00:46:42.364
And in my life, I'd never
felt like that and protected.

855
00:46:42.451 --> 00:46:45.454
And then Sergei really
pursued me, I suppose.

856
00:46:47.630 --> 00:46:49.850
The event went over two days.
There was a dinner.

857
00:46:49.937 --> 00:46:51.809
And then the next day,
there was this big ceremony

858
00:46:51.896 --> 00:46:53.506
and then the sort of
after party,

859
00:46:53.593 --> 00:46:55.987
and he just was
with me all the time.

860
00:46:58.293 --> 00:47:00.948
narrator: Sergei's friend,
the president of Russia,

861
00:47:01.035 --> 00:47:03.037
is guest of honor.

862
00:47:03.124 --> 00:47:05.083
- Putin gave a little talk
at the ceremony.

863
00:47:05.170 --> 00:47:06.388
I just remember
his body language.

864
00:47:06.475 --> 00:47:08.129
He's quite small.

865
00:47:08.216 --> 00:47:09.696
There's a lot of
sort of strutting,

866
00:47:09.783 --> 00:47:12.438
you know, really trying
to pick himself up.

867
00:47:12.525 --> 00:47:15.310
At the end of the dinner,
suddenly, we all stood up,

868
00:47:15.397 --> 00:47:18.748
and then Putin marched out
with this great phalanx

869
00:47:18.836 --> 00:47:20.838
of bodyguards around him.

870
00:47:20.925 --> 00:47:22.448
And as he did,
I was standing at Sergei,

871
00:47:22.535 --> 00:47:24.406
and I saw Sergei go like that,

872
00:47:24.493 --> 00:47:26.321
and he, like,
caught their eyes,

873
00:47:26.408 --> 00:47:28.149
and he sort of bowed.

874
00:47:28.236 --> 00:47:30.760
It was quite a kind of almost
feudal thing, you know.

875
00:47:30.848 --> 00:47:33.720
He sort of bowed
slightly to him.

876
00:47:33.807 --> 00:47:36.288
narrator: Alexandra says
Sergei felt like

877
00:47:36.375 --> 00:47:38.899
his relationship with Putin
was special,

878
00:47:38.986 --> 00:47:41.249
and he was stunned
when the president demanded

879
00:47:41.336 --> 00:47:43.425
a cut of his business.

880
00:47:43.512 --> 00:47:45.036
- He owned a huge property
on Red Square,

881
00:47:45.123 --> 00:47:47.299
which was half the length
of Red Square.

882
00:47:47.386 --> 00:47:49.954
And he was meant to make it
into a very luxurious hotel.

883
00:47:50.041 --> 00:47:52.086
And it was worth--
I don't know--3 billion.

884
00:47:52.173 --> 00:47:54.132
He got some very famous
Belgian architects

885
00:47:54.219 --> 00:47:57.309
who came and made a whole plan
of how to develop it

886
00:47:57.396 --> 00:47:59.746
into a luxury hotel.

887
00:47:59.833 --> 00:48:02.357
And it would've been
the most amazing location.

888
00:48:02.444 --> 00:48:04.751
narrator: But Alexandra
says Putin made Sergei

889
00:48:04.838 --> 00:48:07.319
an offer he couldn't refuse.

890
00:48:07.406 --> 00:48:09.364
- Putin said, look,
it's opposite the Kremlin,

891
00:48:09.451 --> 00:48:11.671
so I have to see what
the plan is for this hotel.

892
00:48:11.758 --> 00:48:14.021
And so Putin came.
He showed him the plan.

893
00:48:14.108 --> 00:48:17.459
And he says that during the
meeting, Putin's face changed,

894
00:48:17.546 --> 00:48:18.504
and suddenly, he realized,
oh, my gosh.

895
00:48:18.591 --> 00:48:20.636
He's so jealous.

896
00:48:20.723 --> 00:48:22.682
Weeks later, these guards
were moved in,

897
00:48:22.769 --> 00:48:24.902
and the property was seized.

898
00:48:24.989 --> 00:48:26.555
And that was the
first time that

899
00:48:26.642 --> 00:48:28.296
he'd had to hand
something over.

900
00:48:28.383 --> 00:48:30.429
And he told Sergei,
you're gonna be compensated,

901
00:48:30.516 --> 00:48:33.040
and he never was compensated.

902
00:48:33.127 --> 00:48:36.130
Sergei told me, "Because
I don't give him money,

903
00:48:36.217 --> 00:48:37.958
I'm being punished."

904
00:48:38.045 --> 00:48:41.657
By this point, Putin had gone
power hungry and crazy, really.

905
00:48:41.744 --> 00:48:43.746
- There's no difference
between Russian organized crime

906
00:48:43.833 --> 00:48:45.487
and the Russian government.

907
00:48:45.574 --> 00:48:47.011
The Russian government
is effectively

908
00:48:47.098 --> 00:48:48.577
an organized crime
organization,

909
00:48:48.664 --> 00:48:51.493
and Vladimir Putin
is the mafia boss.

910
00:48:51.580 --> 00:48:54.627
narrator: In 2009,
Bill Browder discovers

911
00:48:54.714 --> 00:48:57.760
what the oligarchs had
already learned the hard way--

912
00:48:57.847 --> 00:49:00.981
that no matter how sizable
your financial resources,

913
00:49:01.068 --> 00:49:03.549
you can never win
against someone

914
00:49:03.636 --> 00:49:07.248
who has a government agencies
under his control.

915
00:49:07.335 --> 00:49:09.990
- Sergei Magnitsky,
my lawyer, my Russian lawyer,

916
00:49:10.077 --> 00:49:14.038
uncovered a $230 million
government corruption scheme.

917
00:49:14.125 --> 00:49:16.823
And he believed that there
was a rule of law in Russia.

918
00:49:16.910 --> 00:49:18.259
And he believed that
even though there

919
00:49:18.346 --> 00:49:19.826
was corruption in the system
that the law

920
00:49:19.913 --> 00:49:21.567
would eventually prevail.

921
00:49:21.654 --> 00:49:27.181
And he thought that Putin was
a patriot and a nationalist.

922
00:49:27.268 --> 00:49:30.184
And I never believed
any of those things,

923
00:49:30.271 --> 00:49:33.231
and I asked Sergei to leave
after he uncovered

924
00:49:33.318 --> 00:49:37.322
this $230 million scheme,
to come to London at my expense

925
00:49:37.409 --> 00:49:39.454
and stay here
under my protection.

926
00:49:39.541 --> 00:49:42.414
But Sergei was a patriot
and an idealist,

927
00:49:42.501 --> 00:49:44.546
and he stayed in Russia.

928
00:49:44.633 --> 00:49:46.635
And he was
subsequently arrested,

929
00:49:46.722 --> 00:49:47.767
tortured, and killed.

930
00:49:50.639 --> 00:49:52.424
That weighs very heavily
on me,

931
00:49:52.511 --> 00:49:54.992
and I do regret that I didn't
try harder to get him out.

932
00:49:58.343 --> 00:50:00.606
narrator: After refusing
to cut Putin in

933
00:50:00.693 --> 00:50:02.651
on his hotel project,

934
00:50:02.738 --> 00:50:06.307
Alexandra says Sergei Pugachev
falls out of favor.

935
00:50:06.394 --> 00:50:07.917
- At the end of 2010,

936
00:50:08.005 --> 00:50:11.573
we'd gone together
to St. Barts over New Year.

937
00:50:11.660 --> 00:50:15.273
And then I stayed on
with the children.

938
00:50:15.360 --> 00:50:17.101
narrator:
It is when she is online

939
00:50:17.188 --> 00:50:19.016
looking for mentions
about Sergei

940
00:50:19.103 --> 00:50:21.801
that Alexandra
learned some bad news.

941
00:50:21.888 --> 00:50:23.585
- Every day,
I would type in Sergei's name

942
00:50:23.672 --> 00:50:25.457
to see what was going--
you know, what he was doing

943
00:50:25.544 --> 00:50:27.546
or whatever.

944
00:50:27.633 --> 00:50:31.724
And it came up saying
he'd been demoted as a senator.

945
00:50:31.811 --> 00:50:32.942
narrator:
The meaning of his demotion

946
00:50:33.030 --> 00:50:34.988
is immediately clear to her:

947
00:50:35.075 --> 00:50:38.644
Sergei has been expelled
from the inner circle.

948
00:50:38.731 --> 00:50:41.168
- I was terrified
because I knew

949
00:50:41.255 --> 00:50:44.041
that it meant he'd no longer
have diplomatic immunity.

950
00:50:44.128 --> 00:50:45.520
I knew that, you know,

951
00:50:45.607 --> 00:50:47.044
he'd been losing
all these assets.

952
00:50:47.131 --> 00:50:48.480
I didn't care about the money,

953
00:50:48.567 --> 00:50:50.525
but I was so frightened for him

954
00:50:50.612 --> 00:50:53.180
because there have been
so many stories.

955
00:50:53.267 --> 00:50:56.531
I just--he could be arrested.

956
00:50:56.618 --> 00:50:59.360
narrator: Alexandra now fears
for Sergei's life

957
00:50:59.447 --> 00:51:02.624
and what it would mean for her
and their three children.

958
00:51:02.711 --> 00:51:04.583
- I remember calling him.
He didn't answer the phone,

959
00:51:04.670 --> 00:51:05.845
and I was calling and calling.

960
00:51:05.932 --> 00:51:08.500
And then about
a few hours later,

961
00:51:08.587 --> 00:51:10.763
Sergei called me and said,
"Hello, I'm in France."

962
00:51:10.850 --> 00:51:14.114
And I was so relieved because,
you know, he was alive,

963
00:51:14.201 --> 00:51:16.421
and he was--and then he
never went back to Russia.

964
00:51:16.508 --> 00:51:20.338
♪ ♪

965
00:51:20.425 --> 00:51:22.949
narrator: In building
his cell phone empire,

966
00:51:23.036 --> 00:51:25.647
tycoon Evgeny Chichvarkin

967
00:51:25.734 --> 00:51:28.302
was never part
of the inner circle.

968
00:51:28.389 --> 00:51:30.130
In fact, he did
everything he could

969
00:51:30.217 --> 00:51:32.306
to fly under Putin's radar.

970
00:51:32.393 --> 00:51:34.308
But that was impossible.

971
00:51:34.395 --> 00:51:39.966
- One of Putin's general
of FSB came into warehouse

972
00:51:40.053 --> 00:51:43.317
and just took the assets

973
00:51:43.404 --> 00:51:47.321
for 36 million of mobile phones

974
00:51:47.408 --> 00:51:49.671
and said,
"We have to have a share."

975
00:51:49.758 --> 00:51:51.847
We said no.

976
00:51:51.934 --> 00:51:53.545
They said, yes, you will.

977
00:51:53.632 --> 00:51:54.894
We said no.

978
00:51:54.981 --> 00:51:57.462
And then Putin said, go ahead.

979
00:51:57.549 --> 00:52:00.160
Bam.

980
00:52:00.247 --> 00:52:02.815
narrator: In 2008,
Evgeny is charged

981
00:52:02.902 --> 00:52:05.774
with a slew
of financial crimes.

982
00:52:05.861 --> 00:52:08.951
The Putin regime would get
its share of his assets,

983
00:52:09.038 --> 00:52:10.953
or he would go to prison.

984
00:52:11.040 --> 00:52:13.956
- In a few days,
five people was in the prison.

985
00:52:14.043 --> 00:52:17.046
There was open criminal case
against me.

986
00:52:17.134 --> 00:52:21.094
- I think that was
an incredibly stressful time.

987
00:52:21.181 --> 00:52:24.706
His children never went
to school without a bodyguard.

988
00:52:24.793 --> 00:52:30.321
- My head of security
came to me

989
00:52:30.408 --> 00:52:35.282
and said, "I know
from the head of the prison

990
00:52:35.369 --> 00:52:38.764
"there's the special
luxury room is waiting

991
00:52:38.851 --> 00:52:42.637
for you from the next Tuesday."

992
00:52:42.724 --> 00:52:44.639
Said, thank you so much.

993
00:52:44.726 --> 00:52:46.424
I'm going to airport.

994
00:52:46.511 --> 00:52:48.339
Enough is enough.

995
00:52:48.426 --> 00:52:50.906
- Fortunately,
he had a UK visa.

996
00:52:50.993 --> 00:52:53.953
So he just, you know,
boarded the next plane

997
00:52:54.040 --> 00:52:55.955
and came to London.

998
00:52:56.042 --> 00:52:59.045
He managed to take most
of his family with him

999
00:52:59.132 --> 00:53:02.614
and at least a part
of what he's earned.

1000
00:53:05.094 --> 00:53:07.532
narrator: One family member
Evgeny had to leave

1001
00:53:07.619 --> 00:53:11.231
was his 59-year-old mother.

1002
00:53:11.318 --> 00:53:14.060
Four months later, he makes
the tough decision

1003
00:53:14.147 --> 00:53:17.194
not to return to Russia
for her 60th birthday,

1004
00:53:17.281 --> 00:53:20.327
convinced Putin's agents
have laid a trap for him.

1005
00:53:22.242 --> 00:53:27.421
- My mother was found dead next
day after her 60th birthday,

1006
00:53:27.508 --> 00:53:32.557
and the police said
it's accident.

1007
00:53:32.644 --> 00:53:37.692
- The theory is that she was
killed to make him come back

1008
00:53:37.779 --> 00:53:39.607
so they could capture him.

1009
00:53:39.694 --> 00:53:44.525
He hasn't been
to Russia ever since.

1010
00:53:44.612 --> 00:53:47.615
narrator: Evgeny embarks
on a new life,

1011
00:53:47.702 --> 00:53:50.879
building a business
in fine wines.

1012
00:53:50.966 --> 00:53:52.794
- And that's how we met--
at a job interview,

1013
00:53:52.881 --> 00:53:56.102
and he asked,
do you drink wine?

1014
00:53:56.189 --> 00:53:59.236
I was like, look,
you know, I enjoy good food.

1015
00:53:59.323 --> 00:54:01.020
I'm sure I will
enjoy good wine,

1016
00:54:01.107 --> 00:54:03.631
and this all sounds
very interesting.

1017
00:54:03.718 --> 00:54:09.724
- When we start to work,
I believe that with this lady,

1018
00:54:09.811 --> 00:54:11.900
we can do everything now.

1019
00:54:11.987 --> 00:54:14.860
- It's natural when you work
very closely with someone,

1020
00:54:14.947 --> 00:54:16.340
you get to know them.

1021
00:54:16.427 --> 00:54:20.474
Then you fall in love and--

1022
00:54:20.561 --> 00:54:22.171
yeah.

1023
00:54:22.259 --> 00:54:25.436
It's the law of attraction,
something like that.

1024
00:54:25.523 --> 00:54:31.137
♪ ♪

1025
00:54:31.224 --> 00:54:33.966
narrator: By 2010,
Tatiana and Alexandra

1026
00:54:34.053 --> 00:54:39.188
are both living in London
just a few miles apart.

1027
00:54:39.276 --> 00:54:43.889
Yet they've never met
until now.

1028
00:54:43.976 --> 00:54:46.718
- Yeah, so for my experience,
from what I saw of Sergei,

1029
00:54:46.805 --> 00:54:49.982
there were two types of
successful people in Russia.

1030
00:54:50.069 --> 00:54:52.114
There were the oligarchs,
who Sergei--

1031
00:54:52.201 --> 00:54:53.812
he was like a deal breaker.

1032
00:54:53.899 --> 00:54:56.728
- Yeah,
I think it's, you know--

1033
00:54:56.815 --> 00:54:59.861
there are businessmen
like Evgeny.

1034
00:54:59.948 --> 00:55:04.605
But that's very different
to wanting to be in power.

1035
00:55:04.692 --> 00:55:08.087
Whenever you make a contract
with the devil,

1036
00:55:08.174 --> 00:55:10.437
there will be consequences.

1037
00:55:10.524 --> 00:55:14.311
You know, if you deal
with the dark side,

1038
00:55:14.398 --> 00:55:16.661
it will come
to haunt you later.

1039
00:55:16.748 --> 00:55:19.794
narrator: Alexandra and Sergei
are no longer a couple,

1040
00:55:19.881 --> 00:55:22.449
but during the ten years
she spent with him,

1041
00:55:22.536 --> 00:55:25.583
he painted a vivid portrait
of his onetime friend

1042
00:55:25.670 --> 00:55:27.498
Vladimir Putin.

1043
00:55:27.585 --> 00:55:29.717
- He was the first person
who took Putin

1044
00:55:29.804 --> 00:55:31.676
to see where he would live.

1045
00:55:31.763 --> 00:55:34.461
And he said Putin was literally
like a child in a sweet shop,

1046
00:55:34.548 --> 00:55:39.771
just amazed by the sort
of lavishness of it.

1047
00:55:39.858 --> 00:55:42.774
- He never gets to actually
live in those villas,

1048
00:55:42.861 --> 00:55:44.341
use those yachts.

1049
00:55:44.428 --> 00:55:46.343
You know,
he is stuck in Russia.

1050
00:55:46.430 --> 00:55:48.170
- Sergei was a bit like
a microcosm of this.

1051
00:55:48.257 --> 00:55:50.564
He had an amazing yacht.

1052
00:55:50.651 --> 00:55:52.784
We had the best house
on St. Barts.

1053
00:55:52.871 --> 00:55:56.744
We had, you know,
planes and whatever we wanted.

1054
00:55:56.831 --> 00:55:58.485
He never used them.

1055
00:55:58.572 --> 00:56:00.879
All he wanted to do
was lie in bed

1056
00:56:00.966 --> 00:56:02.663
and watch the Weather Channel.

1057
00:56:02.750 --> 00:56:05.884
- Putin--because he came
from a very--

1058
00:56:05.971 --> 00:56:08.539
- Humble.
- Very humble family.

1059
00:56:08.626 --> 00:56:12.934
And I think that's a big part
in understanding who he is

1060
00:56:13.021 --> 00:56:14.545
and what he's doing.

1061
00:56:14.632 --> 00:56:16.851
- For me, Sergei,
his behavior, everything

1062
00:56:16.938 --> 00:56:18.287
just seems to mirror Putin.

1063
00:56:18.375 --> 00:56:22.901
And from my experience,
he trusts nobody.

1064
00:56:22.988 --> 00:56:27.558
- I actually don't think
there was a safe way of,

1065
00:56:27.645 --> 00:56:30.387
you know, staying
really wealthy in Russia

1066
00:56:30.474 --> 00:56:32.911
because inevitably,
someone will be

1067
00:56:32.998 --> 00:56:34.652
coming knocking on your door.

1068
00:56:38.482 --> 00:56:40.919
narrator: And that was
certainly what Russian banker

1069
00:56:41.006 --> 00:56:44.357
German Gorbuntsov
believed when he fled Russia

1070
00:56:44.444 --> 00:56:46.011
after discovering
his business partners

1071
00:56:46.098 --> 00:56:47.578
were allegedly defrauding him.

1072
00:56:52.321 --> 00:56:54.106
Gorbuntsov was due
to give evidence

1073
00:56:54.193 --> 00:56:56.674
against two other
former partners

1074
00:56:56.761 --> 00:56:59.633
in a meeting
with Russian investigators.

1075
00:56:59.720 --> 00:57:01.722
But it never took place.

1076
00:57:01.809 --> 00:57:04.508
A security camera
outside his home

1077
00:57:04.595 --> 00:57:06.988
captured what happened next.

1078
00:57:07.075 --> 00:57:12.211
♪ ♪

1079
00:57:12.298 --> 00:57:14.213
[gunshots]

1080
00:57:14.300 --> 00:57:17.129
- [speaking Russian]

1081
00:57:37.149 --> 00:57:39.020
narrator: Gorbuntsov
had built up a fortune

1082
00:57:39.107 --> 00:57:42.110
worth over $1 billion,

1083
00:57:42.197 --> 00:57:44.591
and at one time owned
Russia's Spartak hockey team

1084
00:57:44.678 --> 00:57:46.985
and a Le Mans race car.

1085
00:57:47.072 --> 00:57:48.682
He believes the hit
was ordered

1086
00:57:48.769 --> 00:57:50.684
by his business partners

1087
00:57:50.771 --> 00:57:53.165
who had boasted of their
ties to the FSB,

1088
00:57:53.252 --> 00:57:57.299
the chain of command going
right up to the Kremlin.

1089
00:57:57.386 --> 00:57:58.823
- It's kind of like
"The Sopranos."

1090
00:57:58.910 --> 00:58:00.520
You have
the Philadelphia mafia,

1091
00:58:00.607 --> 00:58:04.045
the New Jersey mafia,
the Brooklyn mafia.

1092
00:58:04.132 --> 00:58:06.961
Each of them
have their own areas

1093
00:58:07.048 --> 00:58:10.138
for committing extortion,
prostitution,

1094
00:58:10.225 --> 00:58:11.879
drug dealing, et cetera.

1095
00:58:11.966 --> 00:58:13.490
They get their money,
and then they've got to

1096
00:58:13.577 --> 00:58:17.537
divert a bunch of that money
right up to the mafia boss.

1097
00:58:17.624 --> 00:58:19.365
And if anyone
stands in their way,

1098
00:58:19.452 --> 00:58:22.150
then they can use the FSB,

1099
00:58:22.237 --> 00:58:24.109
which is the Russian
security services,

1100
00:58:24.196 --> 00:58:25.502
to have people arrested,

1101
00:58:25.589 --> 00:58:27.634
to have people killed,
et cetera.

1102
00:58:30.637 --> 00:58:33.422
narrator: Exiled oligarch
Boris Berezovsky

1103
00:58:33.510 --> 00:58:37.426
knew he was never truly safe
from Putin's long reach.

1104
00:58:37.514 --> 00:58:40.081
Here's how he put it to
British journalists in 2012.

1105
00:58:52.180 --> 00:58:54.487
narrator: His remarks
were eerily prophetic.

1106
00:58:56.663 --> 00:58:58.491
The following year,

1107
00:58:58.578 --> 00:59:02.016
seven years after his friend
Sasha Litvinenko's poisoning,

1108
00:59:02.103 --> 00:59:05.237
Berezovsky is found dead
from apparent suicide

1109
00:59:05.324 --> 00:59:07.718
at his mansion
just outside of London.

1110
00:59:09.807 --> 00:59:12.984
Official report stated he had
hung himself in his bathroom.

1111
00:59:16.596 --> 00:59:20.774
- When I received this news,
I was really shocked.

1112
00:59:20.861 --> 00:59:23.603
Very, very devastating.

1113
00:59:23.690 --> 00:59:25.910
And I never believed
he committed suicide.

1114
00:59:25.997 --> 00:59:27.520
Never.

1115
00:59:27.607 --> 00:59:29.130
- I do remember very clearly
when Berezovsky died.

1116
00:59:29.217 --> 00:59:30.610
I was sitting
on the sofa with Sergei,

1117
00:59:30.697 --> 00:59:33.178
and we were watching the news,
and it came up,

1118
00:59:33.265 --> 00:59:37.269
and Sergei immediately said
that was not suicide.

1119
00:59:37.356 --> 00:59:38.966
- The circumstances
of his death

1120
00:59:39.053 --> 00:59:41.621
are still mysterious
and would lead me

1121
00:59:41.708 --> 00:59:44.929
to believe based on what
I've read, he was murdered.

1122
00:59:49.107 --> 00:59:51.675
narrator: Sergei Pugachev
always suspected

1123
00:59:51.762 --> 00:59:54.416
that Putin was not
finished with him either.

1124
00:59:54.503 --> 00:59:56.375
His partner Alexandra
is the first

1125
00:59:56.462 --> 00:59:58.464
to bring him some bad news.

1126
00:59:58.551 --> 01:00:00.466
- A friend of mine works
in political intelligence,

1127
01:00:00.553 --> 01:00:01.685
and she had come
to me and said, look,

1128
01:00:01.772 --> 01:00:04.078
I've got to warn you,
there's a search

1129
01:00:04.165 --> 01:00:06.603
going out on Sergei's assets.

1130
01:00:06.690 --> 01:00:08.692
True enough, there was
a worldwide freezing order,

1131
01:00:08.779 --> 01:00:11.564
and they froze all his assets.

1132
01:00:11.651 --> 01:00:14.088
narrator: Putin's
regime charges Sergei

1133
01:00:14.175 --> 01:00:16.482
with embezzling hundreds
of millions of dollars

1134
01:00:16.569 --> 01:00:18.571
from his Russian bank.

1135
01:00:18.658 --> 01:00:21.095
Alexandra tries to help,
making an introduction

1136
01:00:21.182 --> 01:00:23.837
to a top British lawyer.

1137
01:00:23.924 --> 01:00:26.231
- They said, "You're about
to get a freezing order,

1138
01:00:26.318 --> 01:00:28.102
and we can help you."

1139
01:00:28.189 --> 01:00:31.105
We can make your assets less
visible, and blah blah blah.

1140
01:00:31.192 --> 01:00:33.978
And I realized
Sergei is so chaotic,

1141
01:00:34.065 --> 01:00:36.720
his personality makes it
absolutely impossible.

1142
01:00:36.807 --> 01:00:37.895
He can't listen to anyone.

1143
01:00:37.982 --> 01:00:40.071
So for him, he would
say to me often,

1144
01:00:40.158 --> 01:00:41.768
who the hell is a lawyer?

1145
01:00:41.855 --> 01:00:43.683
They haven't made
as much money as I have.

1146
01:00:43.770 --> 01:00:45.293
They're nobody.

1147
01:00:45.380 --> 01:00:46.817
It was just appalling.

1148
01:00:46.904 --> 01:00:49.080
He thought he could
just bulldoze his way

1149
01:00:49.167 --> 01:00:51.952
and bully his way
through everything.

1150
01:00:52.039 --> 01:00:53.737
narrator: Instead of
taking legal advice,

1151
01:00:53.824 --> 01:00:57.262
Sergei decided
to escape to France.

1152
01:00:57.349 --> 01:00:58.655
- You know, you can't do that.

1153
01:00:58.742 --> 01:01:00.569
You've been told
not to leave the country.

1154
01:01:00.657 --> 01:01:02.223
And I said, well,
I just tell you one thing.

1155
01:01:02.310 --> 01:01:04.182
If he does that,
I am not following.

1156
01:01:04.269 --> 01:01:06.097
I never ever will follow him.

1157
01:01:06.184 --> 01:01:08.534
He just had a tantrum
and said, that's it.

1158
01:01:08.621 --> 01:01:10.928
And he ran away to France.

1159
01:01:11.015 --> 01:01:12.364
About two weeks later,

1160
01:01:12.451 --> 01:01:15.410
the bodyguard
knocked on the door.

1161
01:01:15.497 --> 01:01:16.629
I said, Denise,
what are you doing here?

1162
01:01:16.716 --> 01:01:17.761
Where is Sergei?
What's going on?

1163
01:01:17.848 --> 01:01:19.632
And he wouldn't look at me.

1164
01:01:19.719 --> 01:01:22.287
He walked around the house
like this robot picking up

1165
01:01:22.374 --> 01:01:25.682
every single personal belonging
of Sergei's--all his papers,

1166
01:01:25.769 --> 01:01:28.423
absolutely every sock,
every--absolutely everything,

1167
01:01:28.510 --> 01:01:30.164
cleaning the house of it.

1168
01:01:30.251 --> 01:01:32.471
Put it all in a van
and drove off without literally

1169
01:01:32.558 --> 01:01:34.125
addressing one word to me.

1170
01:01:34.212 --> 01:01:35.779
narrator:
Next come British officials

1171
01:01:35.866 --> 01:01:37.911
from the Crown Prosecution
Service.

1172
01:01:37.998 --> 01:01:39.217
- Yeah, that is horrific.

1173
01:01:39.304 --> 01:01:41.698
I was going to church
with my children.

1174
01:01:41.785 --> 01:01:44.526
And there was
banging on the door,

1175
01:01:44.613 --> 01:01:47.268
and it was a lawyer
with a search warrant.

1176
01:01:47.355 --> 01:01:50.402
So they went round,
got my iPad,

1177
01:01:50.489 --> 01:01:52.578
got my laptop, my phone,

1178
01:01:52.665 --> 01:01:54.841
downloaded literally
every message

1179
01:01:54.928 --> 01:01:57.322
I'd ever written to anybody.

1180
01:01:57.409 --> 01:01:59.106
narrator: Sergei is
found in contempt

1181
01:01:59.193 --> 01:02:02.370
when he fails to appear
in the British court.

1182
01:02:02.457 --> 01:02:07.245
In absentia, he is sentenced
to two years in prison.

1183
01:02:07.332 --> 01:02:10.639
Alexandra cuts
ties with Sergei.

1184
01:02:10.727 --> 01:02:13.251
Their three children
now live with her permanently

1185
01:02:13.338 --> 01:02:14.382
in London.

1186
01:02:14.469 --> 01:02:20.127
♪ ♪

1187
01:02:20.214 --> 01:02:24.088
Are there other sides to the
iron willed ruler of Russia?

1188
01:02:24.175 --> 01:02:28.092
Vladimir Putin the man,
the human being?

1189
01:02:28.179 --> 01:02:30.747
Family friend Ksenia Sobchak

1190
01:02:30.834 --> 01:02:34.707
has had a glimpse
of the human side of Putin.

1191
01:02:34.794 --> 01:02:38.624
- He always calls on the day--
when my father passed away,

1192
01:02:38.711 --> 01:02:43.281
he calls to my mother
and says his condolences.

1193
01:02:43.368 --> 01:02:47.241
So he never forgets to do that.

1194
01:02:47.328 --> 01:02:51.376
And I know that he loved
my father sincerely very much.

1195
01:02:51.463 --> 01:02:54.771
These are things
that are very hard to fake.

1196
01:02:57.164 --> 01:02:59.601
narrator: In 2013,
during an intermission

1197
01:02:59.688 --> 01:03:01.516
at the Moscow Ballet,

1198
01:03:01.603 --> 01:03:04.258
Putin broke some news
to the public,

1199
01:03:04.345 --> 01:03:07.871
giving the world a rare look
into his private life.

1200
01:03:07.958 --> 01:03:09.655
- [speaking Russian]

1201
01:03:09.742 --> 01:03:12.614
- [speaking Russian]

1202
01:03:34.114 --> 01:03:36.943
- [speaking Russian]

1203
01:03:39.772 --> 01:03:41.208
- He just--
very off the cuff

1204
01:03:41.295 --> 01:03:42.514
and apparently spontaneous,

1205
01:03:42.601 --> 01:03:44.646
but nothing is spontaneous
in the KGB

1206
01:03:44.733 --> 01:03:47.388
or let alone
in Russian television.

1207
01:03:47.475 --> 01:03:48.694
So I don't think it really was.

1208
01:03:48.781 --> 01:03:52.132
But he said,
"We're getting divorced,"

1209
01:03:52.219 --> 01:03:55.135
and we've just never really
heard about her since.

1210
01:03:55.222 --> 01:03:56.702
- [speaking Russian]

1211
01:03:56.789 --> 01:03:58.486
- Sergei used to tell me

1212
01:03:58.573 --> 01:04:00.314
that actually she was
more intelligent than him

1213
01:04:00.401 --> 01:04:01.925
and more charismatic,

1214
01:04:02.012 --> 01:04:04.057
and in private,
she would really

1215
01:04:04.144 --> 01:04:06.451
humiliate him and sort of
laugh at him.

1216
01:04:06.538 --> 01:04:08.279
And she was from a more
sophisticated family.

1217
01:04:08.366 --> 01:04:10.803
He was from a very, very poor,
very humble family.

1218
01:04:10.890 --> 01:04:12.587
And I think she came from a,

1219
01:04:12.674 --> 01:04:14.241
you know,
more well-off family.

1220
01:04:14.328 --> 01:04:17.897
And so then the boot
was on the other foot.

1221
01:04:17.984 --> 01:04:21.814
So I think maybe there was
an element of revenge.

1222
01:04:21.901 --> 01:04:24.121
narrator: The presidential
divorce isn't a huge surprise

1223
01:04:24.208 --> 01:04:25.862
to the Russian public,

1224
01:04:25.949 --> 01:04:27.602
for whom it was
common knowledge

1225
01:04:27.689 --> 01:04:30.083
that Putin had a mistress.

1226
01:04:30.170 --> 01:04:33.826
Alexandra remembers
when she first saw her.

1227
01:04:33.913 --> 01:04:36.263
- It was a very big event.
All the oligarchs were there.

1228
01:04:36.350 --> 01:04:38.004
And then we were just
sort of standing around,

1229
01:04:38.091 --> 01:04:40.050
and I saw a little gathering,

1230
01:04:40.137 --> 01:04:41.790
and I looked over,

1231
01:04:41.878 --> 01:04:44.184
and there was a girl in a kind
of Grecian white dress--

1232
01:04:44.271 --> 01:04:46.665
yeah, that dress a bit like
Marilyn Monroe famously wore--

1233
01:04:46.752 --> 01:04:48.928
sort of twirling around.

1234
01:04:49.015 --> 01:04:51.365
And it was eye catching 'cause
it was quite extraordinary

1235
01:04:51.452 --> 01:04:53.063
that--obviously the attention
that she wanted

1236
01:04:53.150 --> 01:04:56.283
and that she had this group
of people watching her.

1237
01:04:56.370 --> 01:04:57.371
And I turned to Sergei,
and it was just--

1238
01:04:57.458 --> 01:04:58.720
I said, oh, my gosh.

1239
01:04:58.807 --> 01:05:01.027
I taught that girl English.
It's Alina.

1240
01:05:01.114 --> 01:05:03.421
And I hadn't seen her since,

1241
01:05:03.508 --> 01:05:06.337
and it was just--seemed
such a funny coincidence.

1242
01:05:06.424 --> 01:05:08.121
But what struck me most
was that

1243
01:05:08.208 --> 01:05:09.644
she had put on so much weight,

1244
01:05:09.731 --> 01:05:11.124
and she's obviously
a very, very famous--

1245
01:05:11.211 --> 01:05:12.996
well, very famous
in Russia--sportswoman.

1246
01:05:13.083 --> 01:05:14.519
So I said to Sergei,
oh, my goodness.

1247
01:05:14.606 --> 01:05:16.521
But she's--
poor thing, she's so fat

1248
01:05:16.608 --> 01:05:17.870
compared to what she was.

1249
01:05:17.957 --> 01:05:21.395
And he said,
oh, well, she's pregnant.

1250
01:05:21.482 --> 01:05:24.007
And she is Putin's girlfriend.

1251
01:05:24.094 --> 01:05:25.530
narrator:
Even after his divorce,

1252
01:05:25.617 --> 01:05:27.836
Putin keeps his life
with Alina Kabaeva

1253
01:05:27.924 --> 01:05:29.838
out of the public eye.

1254
01:05:29.926 --> 01:05:31.405
- The weird thing is,
you think,

1255
01:05:31.492 --> 01:05:33.320
why don't you now live
with Alina Kabaeva officially?

1256
01:05:33.407 --> 01:05:34.669
She was a gymnast.

1257
01:05:34.756 --> 01:05:36.802
She's like
a real Soviet heroine,

1258
01:05:36.889 --> 01:05:38.673
which really fits with the
whole propaganda

1259
01:05:38.760 --> 01:05:40.980
Soviet angle now.

1260
01:05:41.067 --> 01:05:42.286
And that's quite a mystery,

1261
01:05:42.373 --> 01:05:43.896
but I can only guess
that he's just such

1262
01:05:43.983 --> 01:05:45.767
an egomaniac that he
doesn't literally want

1263
01:05:45.854 --> 01:05:47.856
anyone distracting from him.

1264
01:05:47.944 --> 01:05:49.858
I don't know.

1265
01:05:49.946 --> 01:05:52.252
narrator: To observers,
Putin appears

1266
01:05:52.339 --> 01:05:55.038
more isolated than ever.

1267
01:05:55.125 --> 01:05:59.085
- This is--you know, this is
a very lonely existence.

1268
01:05:59.172 --> 01:06:00.782
And, you know,
you should be surrounded

1269
01:06:00.869 --> 01:06:04.612
by your grandchildren
and love and family.

1270
01:06:04.699 --> 01:06:08.921
He completely alienated
everyone because he is--

1271
01:06:09.008 --> 01:06:10.749
you know, he was
always paranoid.

1272
01:06:10.836 --> 01:06:13.317
But now I think there are so--

1273
01:06:13.404 --> 01:06:17.103
there are millions of people
across the globe who wish him--

1274
01:06:17.190 --> 01:06:18.278
- Dead.
- Dead.

1275
01:06:21.499 --> 01:06:23.327
- I know this, his nickname

1276
01:06:23.414 --> 01:06:25.982
the other KGB officers
gave him--

1277
01:06:26.069 --> 01:06:27.853
the moth.

1278
01:06:27.940 --> 01:06:29.986
That's important.

1279
01:06:30.073 --> 01:06:36.253
At night, in silent, in dark,
nicknames in Russia so strong.

1280
01:06:36.340 --> 01:06:38.168
It's like a bullet.

1281
01:06:41.780 --> 01:06:43.608
narrator: Until his war on
Ukraine,

1282
01:06:43.695 --> 01:06:45.958
most countries understood
Putin not just

1283
01:06:46.045 --> 01:06:49.440
as a ruthless dictator
but also as a leader

1284
01:06:49.527 --> 01:06:53.096
in control of vast
energy resources,

1285
01:06:53.183 --> 01:06:55.620
someone you had
to do business with.

1286
01:06:55.707 --> 01:06:59.058
Here he is in 2018
at an opening ceremony

1287
01:06:59.145 --> 01:07:02.409
for the World Cup
being hosted by Russia.

1288
01:07:02.496 --> 01:07:05.064
- This is the face of Russia.

1289
01:07:05.151 --> 01:07:08.589
This is the face
of the Russia that we love.

1290
01:07:08.676 --> 01:07:12.245
And thank you most importantly
as well, President Putin.

1291
01:07:12.332 --> 01:07:14.291
[speaks Russian]
For your commitment,

1292
01:07:14.378 --> 01:07:16.945
for your dedication,
for your passion.

1293
01:07:17.033 --> 01:07:19.731
Without you, all this
would not have been possible.

1294
01:07:19.818 --> 01:07:21.907
I'm sure about that.

1295
01:07:21.994 --> 01:07:24.214
So thank you. Congratulations.

1296
01:07:24.301 --> 01:07:27.521
We did a good job
together as well.

1297
01:07:27.608 --> 01:07:31.047
[applause]

1298
01:07:31.134 --> 01:07:32.396
- Putin has done
a very good job

1299
01:07:32.483 --> 01:07:34.659
over the last 22 years

1300
01:07:34.746 --> 01:07:38.228
of only committing crimes
that were plausibly deniable.

1301
01:07:38.315 --> 01:07:41.709
Creating this ambiguity,
he was able to feed

1302
01:07:41.796 --> 01:07:46.062
into the apologists and the
appeasers around the world

1303
01:07:46.149 --> 01:07:48.542
and give them enough
ammunition to say

1304
01:07:48.629 --> 01:07:49.891
we don't know for sure
whether--

1305
01:07:49.978 --> 01:07:52.285
who shot down MH17.

1306
01:07:52.372 --> 01:07:54.766
We don't know
for sure who killed

1307
01:07:54.853 --> 01:07:57.508
Alexander Litvinenko,
even though everybody

1308
01:07:57.595 --> 01:07:59.205
knew for sure.

1309
01:07:59.292 --> 01:08:03.601
But in doing so, it allowed
business to carry on.

1310
01:08:03.688 --> 01:08:06.343
narrator: And Bill Browder
has had a personal reminder

1311
01:08:06.430 --> 01:08:09.302
from Vladimir Putin himself
that the Russian ruler

1312
01:08:09.389 --> 01:08:11.783
never forgives or forgets.

1313
01:08:11.870 --> 01:08:14.394
- In early July 2018,

1314
01:08:14.481 --> 01:08:16.917
Donald Trump
and Vladimir Putin met

1315
01:08:17.005 --> 01:08:20.183
in the first organized summit
in Helsinki.

1316
01:08:20.270 --> 01:08:23.663
And it was just after the
Robert Mueller investigation

1317
01:08:23.751 --> 01:08:27.625
had indicted
12 Russian GRU officers

1318
01:08:27.712 --> 01:08:29.582
for interfering
in the U.S. elections,

1319
01:08:29.670 --> 01:08:32.804
and at the press conference,
one of the journalists

1320
01:08:32.890 --> 01:08:34.675
raised his hand
and asked Putin--

1321
01:08:34.761 --> 01:08:36.328
- And will you consider
extraditing

1322
01:08:36.416 --> 01:08:38.636
the 12 Russian officials
that were indicted

1323
01:08:38.723 --> 01:08:40.725
last week by a U.S. grand jury?

1324
01:08:40.812 --> 01:08:43.684
- And Putin said yes.

1325
01:08:43.770 --> 01:08:45.295
- [speaking Russian]
- Then we would expect

1326
01:08:45.381 --> 01:08:49.821
that the Americans would
reciprocate Mr. Browder

1327
01:08:49.908 --> 01:08:52.519
in this particular case.

1328
01:08:52.606 --> 01:08:55.348
Business associates
of Mr. Browder

1329
01:08:55.435 --> 01:09:00.439
have earned over
$1.5 billion in Russia.

1330
01:09:00.527 --> 01:09:02.703
They never paid
any taxes neither in Russia

1331
01:09:02.790 --> 01:09:04.270
nor in the United States.

1332
01:09:04.357 --> 01:09:07.621
- And then the question
was asked

1333
01:09:07.707 --> 01:09:10.493
of Trump, what do you think?

1334
01:09:10.581 --> 01:09:11.886
- I think that's
an incredible offer, okay?

1335
01:09:11.973 --> 01:09:12.886
- Thank you.

1336
01:09:16.152 --> 01:09:18.109
- Now, it's one thing
for Putin to go after me.

1337
01:09:18.197 --> 01:09:19.676
He has been publicly naming me.

1338
01:09:19.764 --> 01:09:21.853
He's been chasing me
with death threats,

1339
01:09:21.939 --> 01:09:24.986
kidnapping threats,
arrest warrants.

1340
01:09:25.073 --> 01:09:27.250
And I'd grown used to that.

1341
01:09:27.337 --> 01:09:30.731
But to have the president
of the United States,

1342
01:09:30.818 --> 01:09:33.343
the most powerful man
in the free world,

1343
01:09:33.430 --> 01:09:35.345
ready to hand me over to Putin

1344
01:09:35.432 --> 01:09:40.567
to effectively be killed,
that was a shock.

1345
01:09:40.654 --> 01:09:42.874
narrator: German Gorbuntsov,
who survived

1346
01:09:42.961 --> 01:09:46.269
being gunned down, is another
victim of the regime

1347
01:09:46.356 --> 01:09:48.836
still looking
over his shoulder.

1348
01:09:48.923 --> 01:09:51.752
- [speaking Russian]

1349
01:10:03.155 --> 01:10:04.243
narrator:
But Evgeny Chichvarkin

1350
01:10:04.330 --> 01:10:06.593
is decidedly not afraid.

1351
01:10:06.680 --> 01:10:09.335
In fact, he has spoken out
in support

1352
01:10:09.422 --> 01:10:13.818
of Russia's jailed opposition
leader Alexei Navalny.

1353
01:10:16.821 --> 01:10:18.779
- What's happened
to him few times

1354
01:10:18.866 --> 01:10:20.868
is absolutely unacceptable.

1355
01:10:20.955 --> 01:10:25.873
It's a crime.

1356
01:10:25.960 --> 01:10:30.574
I think he have to be
on election list,

1357
01:10:30.661 --> 01:10:32.402
and Putin
have to be in the prison.

1358
01:10:34.578 --> 01:10:37.450
- Alexei Navalny is a friend.

1359
01:10:37.537 --> 01:10:39.713
And when he got poisoned,
you know,

1360
01:10:39.800 --> 01:10:41.149
everyone was in shock.

1361
01:10:41.237 --> 01:10:43.717
But, you know,
when someone you've--

1362
01:10:43.804 --> 01:10:45.980
I don't know--
went for dinner with

1363
01:10:46.067 --> 01:10:51.899
is there unconscious, in coma,
his wife absolutely distraught.

1364
01:10:51.986 --> 01:10:54.902
narrator: Tatiana knows the
couple's support for Navalny

1365
01:10:54.989 --> 01:10:58.341
comes at a steep
personal cost.

1366
01:10:58.428 --> 01:11:00.647
- I kept going back to Russia

1367
01:11:00.734 --> 01:11:03.346
up until autumn 2021.

1368
01:11:03.433 --> 01:11:04.869
People kept telling me,
you're crazy.

1369
01:11:04.956 --> 01:11:06.566
This is crazy.
Stop doing this.

1370
01:11:06.653 --> 01:11:08.960
And Evgeny was really worried.

1371
01:11:09.047 --> 01:11:11.049
And I used to take
our daughter with me

1372
01:11:11.136 --> 01:11:12.790
because for me, it was very
important for her

1373
01:11:12.877 --> 01:11:16.794
to see St. Petersburg
to know what our heritage is.

1374
01:11:16.881 --> 01:11:18.578
These are normal things.

1375
01:11:18.665 --> 01:11:21.973
I should be able
to do this with my daughter.

1376
01:11:22.060 --> 01:11:24.932
Going to Russia now
would be suicide for me

1377
01:11:25.019 --> 01:11:27.935
because I will--
the plane will land,

1378
01:11:28.022 --> 01:11:30.721
and then they will just show me
all the various things

1379
01:11:30.808 --> 01:11:32.462
I've said and say,

1380
01:11:32.549 --> 01:11:34.420
"According to the new law
of Russian Federation,

1381
01:11:34.507 --> 01:11:36.161
"blah, blah, blah, blah,
blah, blah, blah, blah, blah,

1382
01:11:36.248 --> 01:11:40.557
you are going
to prison for 20 years."

1383
01:11:42.472 --> 01:11:44.778
narrator: Another brave voice,
but this one still based

1384
01:11:44.865 --> 01:11:47.520
in Russia, is Ksenia Sobchak,

1385
01:11:47.607 --> 01:11:50.697
daughter of Putin's
political mentor,

1386
01:11:50.784 --> 01:11:53.700
who today is carefully
critical of the regime.

1387
01:11:56.007 --> 01:11:58.966
- Maybe I'm not
in prison because, you know,

1388
01:11:59.053 --> 01:12:03.928
everyone knows that he had
some links with my father.

1389
01:12:04.015 --> 01:12:07.279
I'm just trying
to be not too much aggressive

1390
01:12:07.366 --> 01:12:08.976
because, of course, I'm afraid.

1391
01:12:09.063 --> 01:12:10.064
I have a son.

1392
01:12:10.151 --> 01:12:13.067
I don't want to go to prison.

1393
01:12:13.154 --> 01:12:14.852
narrator:
Putin's war on Ukraine

1394
01:12:14.939 --> 01:12:18.377
has triggered punishing
American and British sanctions

1395
01:12:18.464 --> 01:12:20.466
against his inner circle,

1396
01:12:20.553 --> 01:12:23.251
forcing some oligarchs
to return home

1397
01:12:23.339 --> 01:12:26.254
or relocate to countries
ready to welcome them--

1398
01:12:26.342 --> 01:12:27.821
or at least their money.

1399
01:12:30.824 --> 01:12:33.087
- Yeah, okay, so we've just
driven past, actually,

1400
01:12:33.174 --> 01:12:37.396
two houses that belonged
to Abramovich's ex-wife,

1401
01:12:37.483 --> 01:12:40.268
and just by chance, I once went
to look at them to rent them.

1402
01:12:40.356 --> 01:12:42.270
And actually,
where we lived in Chelsea,

1403
01:12:42.358 --> 01:12:45.448
he and his third wife Dasha
had bought another

1404
01:12:45.535 --> 01:12:47.493
massive property on the river.

1405
01:12:47.580 --> 01:12:49.277
And now we are approaching.

1406
01:12:49.365 --> 01:12:51.279
But I suppose
this one was, like,

1407
01:12:51.367 --> 01:12:56.154
his gem in the crown
in Kensington Palace Gardens,

1408
01:12:56.241 --> 01:12:58.330
which will be very near
Kensington Palace.

1409
01:12:58.417 --> 01:13:00.593
I think it's worth 200 million.

1410
01:13:00.680 --> 01:13:01.986
But I suppose
for the last few years,

1411
01:13:02.073 --> 01:13:03.422
he has not been able
to spend any time here anyway

1412
01:13:03.509 --> 01:13:05.076
because he couldn't get a visa.

1413
01:13:05.163 --> 01:13:06.947
And now it's been sanctioned,

1414
01:13:07.034 --> 01:13:09.297
and he can't--cleaners
can't even go in.

1415
01:13:09.385 --> 01:13:10.734
It can't be maintained.

1416
01:13:10.821 --> 01:13:12.257
It must be just standing
completely empty.

1417
01:13:12.344 --> 01:13:19.264
♪ ♪

1418
01:13:20.744 --> 01:13:22.136
narrator:
The sanctions have made

1419
01:13:22.223 --> 01:13:24.312
for a tricky moment
of reckoning

1420
01:13:24.400 --> 01:13:28.142
for Russia's business
and oligarch elite.

1421
01:13:28.229 --> 01:13:30.754
They must ask
if their loyalty to Putin

1422
01:13:30.841 --> 01:13:34.105
is worth losing part
or all of their fortunes.

1423
01:13:37.587 --> 01:13:39.676
And the stakes
could not be higher.

1424
01:13:42.156 --> 01:13:45.812
Reports say that
since January 2022,

1425
01:13:45.899 --> 01:13:49.294
as many as six prominent
Russian businessmen

1426
01:13:49.381 --> 01:13:53.951
mysteriously decided
to commit suicide,

1427
01:13:54.038 --> 01:13:57.171
even killing
their families first.

1428
01:14:01.785 --> 01:14:03.482
- It looks to me like

1429
01:14:03.569 --> 01:14:06.920
since the sanctions
were imposed on Russia,

1430
01:14:07.007 --> 01:14:09.096
the pie has shrunk.

1431
01:14:09.183 --> 01:14:11.098
And so now you have a bunch
of people fighting over

1432
01:14:11.185 --> 01:14:13.013
a smaller amount of money.

1433
01:14:13.100 --> 01:14:16.321
And whenever
there is limited resources

1434
01:14:16.408 --> 01:14:21.500
and very powerful people,

1435
01:14:21.587 --> 01:14:23.850
people start getting killed.

1436
01:14:23.937 --> 01:14:26.766
- [speaking Russian]

1437
01:14:57.188 --> 01:15:00.931
narrator: Tatiana believes
what motivates Putin

1438
01:15:01.018 --> 01:15:04.543
is his almost mystical
attachment to the notion

1439
01:15:04.630 --> 01:15:07.328
of eternal mother Russia.

1440
01:15:09.330 --> 01:15:12.377
- In Russia,
there are so few things

1441
01:15:12.464 --> 01:15:15.075
that are left to be proud of,
to be honest,

1442
01:15:15.162 --> 01:15:17.121
for everyday Russians.

1443
01:15:17.208 --> 01:15:22.343
And the sheer size
of the country is one of them.

1444
01:15:22.430 --> 01:15:25.259
We live in the biggest
country in the world.

1445
01:15:25.346 --> 01:15:27.435
The sheer size really,
really matters,

1446
01:15:27.523 --> 01:15:29.350
and for Putin as well.

1447
01:15:29.437 --> 01:15:35.400
And I think at one point,
he got himself convinced

1448
01:15:35.487 --> 01:15:37.445
that it is his mission.

1449
01:15:37.533 --> 01:15:42.059
He wants to go down
in history as Vladimir,

1450
01:15:42.146 --> 01:15:48.282
the person who brought
the Russian soils,

1451
01:15:48.369 --> 01:15:50.415
territories all together.

1452
01:15:50.502 --> 01:15:53.200
This is what
he wants kids to learn

1453
01:15:53.287 --> 01:15:55.072
at school when he's gone.

1454
01:15:55.159 --> 01:15:58.118
- He has a mission.
This is clear.

1455
01:15:58.205 --> 01:16:01.513
He is not about
buying a golden palace.

1456
01:16:01.600 --> 01:16:05.648
He's about a mission
of another world order.

1457
01:16:07.737 --> 01:16:11.305
narrator: For Alexandra,
the Russia Putin craves

1458
01:16:11.392 --> 01:16:14.221
is a dark reminder
of the world witnessed

1459
01:16:14.308 --> 01:16:17.529
by her ancestor, Leo Tolstoy.

1460
01:16:17.616 --> 01:16:19.313
- So I love
this quote by Tolstoy,

1461
01:16:19.400 --> 01:16:22.708
but it's haunting, really.

1462
01:16:22.795 --> 01:16:25.798
Navalny quoted it recently
I think from prison.

1463
01:16:28.279 --> 01:16:30.803
He wrote, "The villains
who robbed the people

1464
01:16:30.890 --> 01:16:33.850
"gathered together,
recruited soldiers and judges

1465
01:16:33.937 --> 01:16:36.896
to guard their orgy,
and are feasting."

1466
01:16:36.983 --> 01:16:40.378
- People are very quick
to judge the Russians

1467
01:16:40.465 --> 01:16:44.643
who still live in Russia
and are not doing anything now.

1468
01:16:44.730 --> 01:16:51.084
I don't think any of us
sitting here warm and fed

1469
01:16:51.171 --> 01:16:55.523
have the moral right to say,
"You need to speak up,"

1470
01:16:55.611 --> 01:16:57.613
because the minute
they speak up,

1471
01:16:57.700 --> 01:16:59.310
they get put
into Russian prison.

1472
01:17:01.442 --> 01:17:03.444
- In Putin's mentality,

1473
01:17:03.531 --> 01:17:07.318
that all people
around him enemies,

1474
01:17:07.405 --> 01:17:11.191
all countries
around Russia enemies.

1475
01:17:11.278 --> 01:17:17.284
And he's poor little guy
in the circle

1476
01:17:17.371 --> 01:17:20.157
of many circles of enemies.

1477
01:17:20.244 --> 01:17:22.681
It's a big psychiatry problem.

1478
01:17:22.768 --> 01:17:24.727
- I think Putin is ill,

1479
01:17:24.814 --> 01:17:27.120
but not in the way that
most people think Putin is ill.

1480
01:17:27.207 --> 01:17:29.122
Putin is mentally ill.

1481
01:17:29.209 --> 01:17:32.386
But he's been mentally ill
as a psychopath since,

1482
01:17:32.473 --> 01:17:35.041
you know, childhood.

1483
01:17:35.128 --> 01:17:38.784
Putin's illness leads him
to lack any empathy,

1484
01:17:38.871 --> 01:17:40.699
lack any--a conscience,

1485
01:17:40.786 --> 01:17:44.703
lack any normal human emotion
when it comes

1486
01:17:44.790 --> 01:17:46.705
to the fate of other people.

1487
01:17:46.792 --> 01:17:50.361
And that will lead him to
all sorts of terrible crimes.

1488
01:17:52.755 --> 01:17:54.670
- There are rumors
that he is ill.

1489
01:17:54.757 --> 01:17:57.020
And if those rumors--

1490
01:17:57.107 --> 01:17:59.239
and I think
they're likely to be true.

1491
01:17:59.326 --> 01:18:02.242
And if they are true, that is--

1492
01:18:02.329 --> 01:18:04.375
for me, that makes me
really frightened

1493
01:18:04.462 --> 01:18:08.379
because a person
who is really ill

1494
01:18:08.466 --> 01:18:11.556
doesn't really care
about what happens next.

1495
01:18:11.643 --> 01:18:14.559
[somber music]

1496
01:18:14.646 --> 01:18:21.871
♪ ♪

1497
01:18:21.958 --> 01:18:25.788
When he got away with starting
the conflict in the Ukraine,

1498
01:18:25.875 --> 01:18:27.006
that set a precedent.

1499
01:18:28.704 --> 01:18:32.446
And unfortunately,
we're living the consequences.

1500
01:18:32.533 --> 01:18:35.536
[rumbling]

1501
01:18:35.623 --> 01:18:41.717
♪ ♪

1502
01:18:41.804 --> 01:18:46.809
Having the Ukraine
that was really desperate

1503
01:18:46.896 --> 01:18:50.508
to be part of Europe,
go its own way,

1504
01:18:50.595 --> 01:18:52.989
be more democratic,
be more prosperous,

1505
01:18:53.076 --> 01:18:55.034
not depend on Russia--

1506
01:18:55.121 --> 01:18:57.733
he just could not
let it happen.

1507
01:18:57.820 --> 01:19:00.648
The propaganda is still
telling people in Russia

1508
01:19:00.736 --> 01:19:06.654
that Ukraine wants
to be a part of Russia.

1509
01:19:06.742 --> 01:19:09.483
- He looks much,
much more angry, I would say.

1510
01:19:09.570 --> 01:19:11.529
He looks really
unpredictable now.

1511
01:19:11.616 --> 01:19:13.836
And he's been in power
far too long.

1512
01:19:13.923 --> 01:19:16.708
He's gone--it's just
completely gone to his head.

1513
01:19:16.795 --> 01:19:20.843
- Like a cancer,
it's getting worse and worse.

1514
01:19:20.930 --> 01:19:24.629
Less and less freedom,
more and more paranoia.

1515
01:19:24.716 --> 01:19:28.241
We are halfway to North Korea.

1516
01:19:28.328 --> 01:19:30.591
- I don't think that Putin
is ever gonna back down

1517
01:19:30.678 --> 01:19:32.506
because he can't.

1518
01:19:32.593 --> 01:19:34.508
And I don't think
the Ukrainians are gonna

1519
01:19:34.595 --> 01:19:36.336
allow Russia
to take their territory

1520
01:19:36.423 --> 01:19:38.077
because how can they
justify that

1521
01:19:38.164 --> 01:19:41.080
after the atrocities
committed?

1522
01:19:41.167 --> 01:19:43.648
And so I imagine that this is
going to be an ongoing war.

1523
01:19:45.911 --> 01:19:48.000
- Every day,
I'm thinking about this.

1524
01:19:48.087 --> 01:19:49.523
It goes circles and circles.

1525
01:19:49.610 --> 01:19:53.005
I see no positive ending.

1526
01:19:53.092 --> 01:19:56.008
Families are ruined.
People are killed.

1527
01:19:56.095 --> 01:19:59.055
There will be no forgiveness
in any way.

1528
01:19:59.142 --> 01:20:04.843
It will be a point of hatred
for years and years.

1529
01:20:04.930 --> 01:20:11.719
♪ ♪

1530
01:20:11.807 --> 01:20:17.334
- What we all feel is shame.

1531
01:20:17.421 --> 01:20:20.598
He is a tyrant.

1532
01:20:20.685 --> 01:20:23.862
But still, we are human.

1533
01:20:23.949 --> 01:20:30.390
And this is why
we feel profound guilt

1534
01:20:30.477 --> 01:20:33.524
for something
we did not commit

1535
01:20:33.611 --> 01:20:36.048
and we were not a part of.

1536
01:20:36.135 --> 01:20:43.186
♪ ♪

1537
01:20:44.143 --> 01:20:47.451
I want to still be
proud to be Russian.

1538
01:20:47.538 --> 01:20:52.108
But at this moment in time,
it's impossible.

1539
01:20:54.850 --> 01:20:59.811
When we wake up, and we look
at the news on our phones,

1540
01:20:59.898 --> 01:21:03.032
we just want to see one news--

1541
01:21:03.119 --> 01:21:05.948
that he's not--no longer

1542
01:21:06.035 --> 01:21:08.211
at least the president
of Russia.

1543
01:21:08.298 --> 01:21:15.131
♪ ♪