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Downloaded from
YTS.MX
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[announcer] Three, two, one.
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Lift off!
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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX
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[reporter] America blasts off
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into a new age
of space exploration.
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2020 is a year of really
high highs
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and really low lows
and an inflection point
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as it comes
to where the direction
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of the world is going.
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[Hakeem] Many people
have pointed out
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the similarities between
the current era
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with this new space race,
and civil unrest around race.
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with this new space race,
and civil unrest around race.
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And it's very similar
to the 1960s.
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If we can spend
billions of dollars
to put a man on the Moon,
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we can spend
billions of dollars
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to put God's children
on their own two feet.
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The Apollo 8 crew orbited
the Moon in 1968, a violent,
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bloody, traumatic year.
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[newscaster]
Dr. Martin Luther King
has been shot to death.
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I am for law and order.
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I am your president
of law and order.
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The police killed
more people in 2020
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than every single year
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than every single year
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we have on record
except for one.
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That could be you.
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That could be me.
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And now these space
billionaires
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are blasting off to space.
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Think of what that money
could do on Earth.
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We have these soaring
achievements
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where we want to go
into outer space
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and we can't take care
of business right here
on this planet.
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That's a very disturbing
state of affairs.
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[protesters] I can't breathe!
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[theme music playing]
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[pensive music playing]
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I often talk about 2020
as a moment
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I often talk about 2020
as a moment
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when the world cracked
wide open.
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[protesters] We want justice!
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The year 2020 has definitely
been one of the most
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dramatic years
of our lifetimes.
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We had a global pandemic.
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There was crazy
police violence.
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[man speaking]
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[Hakeem] And a lot of unrest
in the streets.
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[officer] Keep your
[bleep] hands on the wheel.
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[man] Yes, sir.
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On May 25th,
white police officer,
Derek Chauvin,
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kneeled on the neck
of a Black man, George Floyd,
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as he begged for his life.
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[George panting]
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[George panting]
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[officer] What do you want?
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[George] I can't breathe.
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George Floyd told officers
more than 20 times,
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"I can't breathe."
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I loved my brother.
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Everybody loved my brother.
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They hurt me
and they hurt my family.
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I can't get my brother back.
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The murder of George Floyd
caused us to contemplate
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what racial justice
looks like
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in this country
and in this world.
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[protesters]
We demand justice!
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[protesters]
We demand justice!
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We demand justice!
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[newsreader] Demonstrations
in dozens of cities
demands for change,
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not just in the name of Floyd,
but for African-Americans,
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saying they have long been
victimized
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by systematic racism
in America.
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What I think we saw
is people step up and say
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we don't want to live
in a world
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that steals the lives
of people
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like Ahmaud Arbery,
steals the lives of people
like Breonna Taylor,
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steals the lives
of people like George Floyd
and so many other names.
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steals the lives
of people like George Floyd
and so many other names.
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[newsreader 1] Tamir Rice.
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[newsreader 2]
Philando Castile.
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-[newsreader 3] Eric Garner.
-[newsreader 4] Walter Scott.
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[newsreader 5] Michael Brown.
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-[newsreader 6] Freddie Gray.
-[newsreader 7]
Trayvon Martin.
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[narrator]
How can our nation achieve
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amazing technological
advancements
while also failing
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at the most basic essentials
of society?
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We ain't playing.
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This system of policing
has got to go.
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[narrator] As America grappled
with its lowest point
in recent memory,
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a history-making partnership
between NASA and SpaceX
was underway.
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a history-making partnership
between NASA and SpaceX
was underway.
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American astronauts
were about to go to space
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from US soil
for the first time
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since the retirement
of the Space Shuttle in 2011,
nearly a decade earlier.
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[announcer]
The final liftoff of Atlantis.
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[woman]
Today with our partners
at SpaceX,
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we usher
in the commercial crew era
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of American space flight.
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[narrator]
The stakes were high
as the mission
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set the stage
for the exploration
of the Moon,
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Mars, and beyond.
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Today we have special guest,
retired astronaut,
Leland Melvin.
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Today we have special guest,
retired astronaut,
Leland Melvin.
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I am like so excited.
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I've got rocket fuel
going through my veins.
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I was there
to do the commentary
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with some other folks
and it was just...
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it was, it was electric
and everyone was like,
so excited.
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And I'm thinking about
what happened to George Floyd.
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[narrator]
It was just five days
after George Floyd's
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May 25th murder that
NASA astronauts
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prepared to take flight
on a privately-owned
spacecraft for the first time.
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[reporter] NASA astronauts
Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley.
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[reporter] NASA astronauts
Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley.
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We're doing the most
technologically advanced thing
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to send people off the planet,
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but then we had George Floyd
being choked to death,
wanting his mother.
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Today, as we gather
in this special place
to celebrate
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our nation's bold
and triumphant
return to the stars,
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I want to say a few words
about the situation
in Minnesota.
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The death of George Floyd
on the streets of Minneapolis
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was a grave tragedy.
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It has filled Americans
all over the country
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with horror, anger, and grief.
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[protesters] We want justice!
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-We want justice!
-We want justice!
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[woman] Now they are getting
into the Tesla Model X.
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[narrator] As the countdown
to launch began,
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people across the nation
gathered to protest
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the death of George Floyd.
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the death of George Floyd.
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[sirens wailing]
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[horn honking]
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[woman]
You can see the suit techs
are there to help them.
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[officer] Stop the car!
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[Donald] And I stand
before you in firm opposition
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to anyone exploiting
this tragedy.
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[announcer] Five, four...
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...to loot, rob, attack
and menace.
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We're go for launch.
Let's light this candle.
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[announcer] Godspeed,
Bob and Doug!
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[narrator]
As protesters squared off
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with police across the nation,
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social media lit up
with commentary
about the events.
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[Ahmed]
1969 was when we hit the Moon.
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Gil Scott-Heron had that song
Whitey's on the Moon.
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[Gil] I can't pay
no doctor bills,
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but whitey's is on the Moon.
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but whitey's is on the Moon.
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Which is talking about exactly
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what we're talking
about today.
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[Gil] Ten years from now,
I'll be paying still while
whitey's on the Moon.
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[Ahmed] There is this
incredible urge and push
to get out into space.
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But by the same token,
voting rights
are being rolled back.
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Civil rights
are being rolled back.
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Big issues in 1968.
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In 2020,
they came back to haunt us.
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If we don't deal with it now,
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who knows what it's going
to look like in the future?
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[man] You know,
I just about had my fill
of Whitey on the Moon.
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[man] You know,
I just about had my fill
of Whitey on the Moon.
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[narrator] The chaotic scenes
seemed all too familiar.
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We are so painfully
not that different
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today from where we were, uh,
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in 1969 when Neil Armstrong,
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Buzz Aldrin and Mike Collins
blasted off
from Launch Complex 39A
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at the Kennedy Space Center
to go to the Moon.
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[crowd cheering]
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[Jeffrey] Space, I think,
represents our most
ambitious aspirations,
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[Jeffrey] Space, I think,
represents our most
ambitious aspirations,
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but when people on the planet
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are struggling
for basic fundamental rights,
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the aspiration to get to space
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suddenly starts
to look indulgent.
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[newscaster]
Dr. Martin Luther King
has been shot to death
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in Memphis, Tennessee.
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[Curtis] Somehow or another,
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this nation needs
the spilling of blood
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in order for us
to mobilize people
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to get out in the streets,
to do something about the,
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to get out in the streets,
to do something about the,
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um, conditions that
we are living under.
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George called for his mama,
and his mother passed,
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but he was calling
for his mother
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'cause at the point that
he was dying,
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his mother was stretching her
hands out, saying,
"Come on, George."
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[applause]
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[Curtis] I thought about
what was happening
during those protests
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and harkened back
to the protests
that I was involved in.
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Freedom and equality
are contagious ideas.
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To some extent,
the inequality of women
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within the civil rights
and other movements
led to the women's movement.
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The Black Lives Matter
movements now
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are carrying the banner
forward from the '60s.
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It is just as important
as it ever was,
if not more so.
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Democracy is like a tree.
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It does not grow
from the top down.
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It does not grow
from the top down.
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It grows from the bottom up.
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[narrator]
With social justice issues
hanging in the balance,
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can America reconcile
its racial
and societal divisions?
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Will dreams
of space exploration
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and beyond be accessible
for only a select few,
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or will they be
for all humankind?
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[narrator] In 1959,
NASA selected
its first astronauts,
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the Mercury Seven,
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with the goal of beating
the Russians to space.
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So when NASA first announced
the Mercury Seven astronauts
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back in the late '50s,
it brought them out
before the press,
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paraded them and the press
fawned all over them,
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called them square-jawed men,
talked about their physiques.
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And it was really this
branding of the astronauts
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as these robust
physical specimens
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that were also white and male.
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that were also white and male.
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So at the same time,
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you had others that didn't
quite fit into that mold,
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like Ed Dwight,
he was an African-American
jet fighter pilot.
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[narrator] At the time,
NASA's culture
of favored white men
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and its strict requirements,
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including
test pilot experience,
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made women ineligible.
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But Captain Edward Dwight Jr,
a hotshot pilot, fit the bill.
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John Kennedy really wanted
to have diversity
in the astronaut program,
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and so he directed
the Air Force
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and so he directed
the Air Force
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to find somebody who...
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who was qualified
that they could
put into the space program.
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I was a novelty
because everywhere I went,
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I was the only Black
in the Air Force.
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I took to flying just like
a duck to water.
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I managed to do well
to what I did.
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And then I was flying
fighter airplanes
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and I was working
on my masters
in nuclear engineering.
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[chuckles]
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Doing really, really well,
and I was on fast track
and it was just wonderful.
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At the time,
you had to be a test pilot
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before you become
an astronaut.
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I sent my credentials in.
242
00:11:32.367 --> 00:11:34.166
Four days later,
I got a letter back,
243
00:11:34.166 --> 00:11:36.300
sending me to
Edwards Air Force Base
244
00:11:36.367 --> 00:11:38.300
to go to the Experimental
Test Pilot School,
245
00:11:39.600 --> 00:11:41.767
to go down there
and get interviewed
by Chuck Yeager.
246
00:11:44.300 --> 00:11:48.166
Unfortunately, Ed was caught
into the politics
of everything.
247
00:11:50.266 --> 00:11:53.259
The test pilot school
wasn't in on the deal.
248
00:11:53.259 --> 00:11:53.367
The test pilot school
wasn't in on the deal.
249
00:11:53.367 --> 00:11:56.867
They didn't have any control
of my coming in
250
00:11:56.867 --> 00:12:00.567
and having Washington,
DC appoint somebody
that test pilot school
251
00:12:00.567 --> 00:12:04.700
does not fit into that mold,
because they're Superman.
252
00:12:04.767 --> 00:12:07.000
And so therefore,
if a Black guy can do it,
253
00:12:07.066 --> 00:12:08.767
uh, then they're not Superman.
254
00:12:12.300 --> 00:12:14.600
Ed Dwight
kind of ran into a buzz saw
255
00:12:14.667 --> 00:12:16.767
in the form of some
of the hierarchy
256
00:12:16.767 --> 00:12:18.166
at the Test Pilot School,
257
00:12:18.166 --> 00:12:21.100
who just did not like
the idea of...
258
00:12:21.100 --> 00:12:23.200
of a Black coming
from the Air Force
259
00:12:23.266 --> 00:12:25.100
and going into NASA
in the space program.
260
00:12:26.800 --> 00:12:28.367
[Ed] Prior to my coming there,
261
00:12:28.367 --> 00:12:31.266
Chuck Yeager called
everybody in to say,
262
00:12:31.266 --> 00:12:34.967
"You know that Washington
is trying to cram the N-word
263
00:12:34.967 --> 00:12:38.600
down our throats
and we don't want him
to graduate."
264
00:12:41.266 --> 00:12:43.600
So it was hell
in the very, very beginning.
265
00:12:45.367 --> 00:12:47.767
And I had to fight that,
you know, the best I could.
266
00:12:48.900 --> 00:12:52.066
I was very, very hopeful,
very, very confident.
267
00:12:52.066 --> 00:12:53.259
I had been doing a good job.
268
00:12:53.259 --> 00:12:53.600
I had been doing a good job.
269
00:12:53.667 --> 00:12:55.767
And, you know,
I kept my nose clean
270
00:12:55.767 --> 00:12:58.600
because I was anticipating
being selected.
271
00:13:02.300 --> 00:13:06.867
[Deke] I'd like to introduce
the new group of 14 astronauts
272
00:13:06.867 --> 00:13:08.567
that we've been
in the process of selecting
273
00:13:08.567 --> 00:13:11.367
for about the last
four months.
274
00:13:11.367 --> 00:13:14.000
[Reporter]
Was there a Negro boy
in the last 30 or so
275
00:13:14.066 --> 00:13:16.967
that you brought here,
for consideration?
276
00:13:16.967 --> 00:13:18.266
No, there was not.
277
00:13:22.867 --> 00:13:23.259
[photographer] Hey, gentlemen,
look over here, please.
278
00:13:23.259 --> 00:13:24.600
[photographer] Hey, gentlemen,
look over here, please.
279
00:13:24.667 --> 00:13:26.166
That's it.
280
00:13:26.166 --> 00:13:30.000
[narrator]
In a stunning development,
NASA did not select Dwight.
281
00:13:30.066 --> 00:13:31.667
[reporter speaking]
282
00:13:34.500 --> 00:13:36.700
No, I would rather
not comment on that.
283
00:13:36.767 --> 00:13:38.567
[narrator] It would take
nearly 20 years
284
00:13:38.567 --> 00:13:41.367
before the organization
would select
an astronaut class
285
00:13:41.367 --> 00:13:44.800
that did not consist
entirely of white men.
286
00:13:44.867 --> 00:13:46.867
The people who decide
who has talent,
287
00:13:46.867 --> 00:13:47.967
who are we going to let in,
288
00:13:47.967 --> 00:13:49.667
who are we going to give
an opportunity.
289
00:13:49.667 --> 00:13:52.100
People look for people
that are similar
to themselves.
290
00:13:53.100 --> 00:13:53.259
That's what makes them
comfortable.
291
00:13:53.259 --> 00:13:54.667
That's what makes them
comfortable.
292
00:13:55.767 --> 00:13:57.500
Another example
of discrimination
293
00:13:57.567 --> 00:14:00.467
was Mary Wallace Funk,
who goes by Wally.
294
00:14:00.467 --> 00:14:04.367
And she was an incredibly
accomplished pilot,
taught other pilots.
295
00:14:04.367 --> 00:14:06.367
She was actually
one of 13 women
296
00:14:06.367 --> 00:14:08.467
who, in the early 1960s,
297
00:14:08.467 --> 00:14:13.266
actually underwent
the same physical examinations
as the Mercury Seven.
298
00:14:13.266 --> 00:14:17.100
And she was also excluded
from the Astronaut Corps
because at the time,
299
00:14:17.166 --> 00:14:20.467
while NASA didn't specifically
exclude women,
300
00:14:20.467 --> 00:14:23.259
to be an astronaut,
you needed 1,500 hours
of jet fighter training.
301
00:14:23.259 --> 00:14:24.400
to be an astronaut,
you needed 1,500 hours
of jet fighter training.
302
00:14:24.467 --> 00:14:26.467
And of course, women
were not allowed in combat,
303
00:14:26.467 --> 00:14:28.567
so women were not allowed
to get that training.
304
00:14:28.567 --> 00:14:30.667
So it was a sort
of backdoor way
305
00:14:30.667 --> 00:14:33.667
that NASA could keep women
out of the Astronaut Corps.
306
00:14:33.667 --> 00:14:37.467
NASA did miss
its opportunities early on
307
00:14:37.467 --> 00:14:41.166
to send women
and African-Americans
into space.
308
00:14:41.166 --> 00:14:44.867
Russia sent
the first woman into space,
Valentina Tereshkova.
309
00:14:44.867 --> 00:14:47.967
They sent the first
nonwhite person into space,
310
00:14:47.967 --> 00:14:50.266
a Black man from Cuba.
311
00:14:50.266 --> 00:14:53.259
It took NASA a long time
to follow suit.
312
00:14:53.259 --> 00:14:54.100
It took NASA a long time
to follow suit.
313
00:14:54.100 --> 00:14:58.500
That is simply a stain
that NASA has to carry.
314
00:15:00.066 --> 00:15:02.000
[narrator]
As the space race heated up,
315
00:15:02.000 --> 00:15:05.567
NASA was not focused
on diversifying
the Astronaut Corps.
316
00:15:05.567 --> 00:15:08.767
Its goal
was on the ultimate prize,
the Moon.
317
00:15:12.100 --> 00:15:14.000
But why, some say, the Moon?
318
00:15:14.000 --> 00:15:16.767
Why choose this as our goal?
319
00:15:16.767 --> 00:15:19.266
[narrator]
In a 1962 speech in Texas,
320
00:15:19.266 --> 00:15:22.867
President John F. Kennedy
set out America's
ambitious goals
321
00:15:22.867 --> 00:15:25.400
to beat its Soviet rivals.
322
00:15:25.467 --> 00:15:28.266
We choose to go to the Moon
in this decade
323
00:15:28.266 --> 00:15:31.700
and do the other things,
not because they are easy,
324
00:15:31.767 --> 00:15:33.600
but because they are hard.
325
00:15:33.667 --> 00:15:36.400
[narrator]
American fervor for space
reached untold heights
326
00:15:36.467 --> 00:15:39.266
in the 1960s,
with NASA's new directive
327
00:15:39.266 --> 00:15:40.509
to get to the Moon
at any cost.
328
00:15:40.509 --> 00:15:42.266
to get to the Moon
at any cost.
329
00:15:42.266 --> 00:15:45.300
In 2020, that same excitement
was rekindled
330
00:15:45.367 --> 00:15:50.000
as NASA and SpaceX ushered
in a new era in space travel.
331
00:15:50.066 --> 00:15:52.400
...launching
American astronauts
332
00:15:52.467 --> 00:15:55.266
on American rockets
from American soil.
333
00:15:55.266 --> 00:15:57.367
[applause]
334
00:15:57.367 --> 00:16:04.400
2020 really mirrors 1968
when you look at the balance
between NASA activities
335
00:16:04.467 --> 00:16:07.767
and space activities
and a great deal of unrest
336
00:16:07.767 --> 00:16:10.166
here on Earth
occurring simultaneously.
337
00:16:12.500 --> 00:16:14.600
[Roland] In the late 1960s,
338
00:16:14.667 --> 00:16:19.200
America was so much
more racist
339
00:16:19.266 --> 00:16:20.700
and it was open.
340
00:16:20.767 --> 00:16:22.500
It was visceral.
341
00:16:22.567 --> 00:16:23.667
[narrator]
The civil rights movement
342
00:16:23.667 --> 00:16:25.900
confronted the nation's
overt racism,
343
00:16:25.967 --> 00:16:27.967
including segregated
facilities,
344
00:16:27.967 --> 00:16:31.867
police violence,
and unrelenting
racial hostilities.
345
00:16:31.867 --> 00:16:34.967
There was violence,
the use of fire hoses,
346
00:16:34.967 --> 00:16:37.667
and dogs against
peaceful protesters.
347
00:16:39.000 --> 00:16:40.509
There was the draft
for the Vietnam War,
348
00:16:40.509 --> 00:16:41.767
There was the draft
for the Vietnam War,
349
00:16:41.767 --> 00:16:45.266
and a disproportionate
number of Blacks
were being drafted.
350
00:16:47.367 --> 00:16:49.567
The Chicago Democratic
Convention
351
00:16:49.567 --> 00:16:55.000
was a great convergence
of social justice movements,
352
00:16:55.066 --> 00:16:56.800
opposition to Vietnam.
353
00:16:58.467 --> 00:17:03.000
I was at the Democratic
National Convention
in Chicago.
354
00:17:03.000 --> 00:17:05.467
So when you mentioned
the '68 Convention,
355
00:17:05.467 --> 00:17:07.066
you pull a scab off of me
356
00:17:07.066 --> 00:17:10.509
because I have scars
that include my first whiff
of tear gas.
357
00:17:10.509 --> 00:17:12.667
because I have scars
that include my first whiff
of tear gas.
358
00:17:14.367 --> 00:17:17.000
[Harry] Unarmed against
the police, the demonstrators,
359
00:17:17.000 --> 00:17:20.066
in a nonviolent tradition,
sat down.
360
00:17:20.066 --> 00:17:22.467
I remember
Senator Gene McCarthy
361
00:17:22.467 --> 00:17:25.300
and I and Senator
Ralph Yarborough
362
00:17:27.000 --> 00:17:30.100
in about a fifth floor window
of the Conrad Hilton.
363
00:17:32.667 --> 00:17:37.266
And the riot that was created
was not created by protesters,
364
00:17:38.300 --> 00:17:40.000
it was created by the police.
365
00:17:41.567 --> 00:17:44.166
[Harry] A l ater official
exhaustive investigation
366
00:17:44.166 --> 00:17:46.166
would call this a police riot.
367
00:17:47.700 --> 00:17:49.667
[Curtis]
After we closed the window,
368
00:17:49.667 --> 00:17:54.266
the three of us
sat in the room and cried
369
00:17:54.266 --> 00:17:59.266
because what was happening
to our nation was...
was just shocking.
370
00:17:59.266 --> 00:18:01.166
[protesters shouting]
371
00:18:01.166 --> 00:18:03.266
[narrator] These now iconic
and bloody images
372
00:18:03.266 --> 00:18:07.467
were broadcast nationwide,
and traumatized a generation.
373
00:18:07.467 --> 00:18:10.467
Fifty years later,
more sophisticated tools
374
00:18:10.467 --> 00:18:10.509
took calls for social justice
to new heights.
375
00:18:10.509 --> 00:18:13.767
took calls for social justice
to new heights.
376
00:18:13.767 --> 00:18:16.166
Sunlight
is the best disinfectant.
377
00:18:16.166 --> 00:18:18.166
In our civil rights era
of the '60s,
378
00:18:18.166 --> 00:18:20.600
the disruptive technology
was the news cameras
379
00:18:20.667 --> 00:18:21.900
right there on the street.
380
00:18:21.967 --> 00:18:25.066
Today,
the disruptive technology
is the cell phone.
381
00:18:25.066 --> 00:18:27.066
When people see the injustice,
382
00:18:27.066 --> 00:18:28.767
now they can speak out
against it.
383
00:18:28.767 --> 00:18:32.166
And I'm a true believer
that were it not for cameras
384
00:18:32.166 --> 00:18:35.900
in the civil rights era,
things would have
turned out differently.
385
00:18:35.967 --> 00:18:37.567
[narrator]
No other civil rights leader
386
00:18:37.567 --> 00:18:40.509
captured the media's attention
like the charismatic
and beloved
387
00:18:40.509 --> 00:18:41.667
captured the media's attention
like the charismatic
and beloved
388
00:18:41.667 --> 00:18:44.200
Reverend
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
389
00:18:44.266 --> 00:18:45.567
[Dr. King] I have a dream.
390
00:18:46.700 --> 00:18:48.266
[crowd cheering]
391
00:18:48.266 --> 00:18:53.200
You know,
if you asked me or any other
Black person of my age,
392
00:18:53.266 --> 00:18:55.166
Martin Luther King was...
393
00:18:55.166 --> 00:18:56.900
uh, he was "the leader".
394
00:18:56.967 --> 00:18:59.166
He was this young
Black preacher.
395
00:18:59.166 --> 00:19:01.100
He was bigger than life.
396
00:19:01.100 --> 00:19:02.867
He was the person
that we were willing
397
00:19:02.867 --> 00:19:07.100
to follow,
to try to get the rights
that we felt we deserve.
398
00:19:10.166 --> 00:19:10.509
[Curtis]
None of us thought that
399
00:19:10.509 --> 00:19:11.400
[Curtis]
None of us thought that
400
00:19:11.467 --> 00:19:13.066
he would be taken away
from us.
401
00:19:14.667 --> 00:19:16.700
That afternoon,
the telephone rang
402
00:19:16.767 --> 00:19:18.867
and it was a rabbi friend
of mine.
403
00:19:18.867 --> 00:19:21.000
He was in tears and he said,
404
00:19:21.066 --> 00:19:24.100
"Turn the television on
because they just killed
Dr. King."
405
00:19:27.000 --> 00:19:28.567
And I dropped the phone.
406
00:19:28.567 --> 00:19:30.767
I was literally in shock.
407
00:19:31.967 --> 00:19:37.100
I was crushed when Dr. King
was assassinated.
408
00:19:37.166 --> 00:19:40.367
I have some very sad news
for all of you,
409
00:19:40.367 --> 00:19:40.509
and that is that
Martin Luther King
410
00:19:40.509 --> 00:19:43.367
and that is that
Martin Luther King
411
00:19:43.367 --> 00:19:45.667
was shot and was killed
tonight in Memphis, Tennessee.
412
00:19:49.800 --> 00:19:52.000
Everything broke out
with riots.
413
00:19:53.467 --> 00:19:55.567
It was one of the saddest
memories that I've...
414
00:19:55.567 --> 00:19:56.767
I've had.
415
00:19:58.166 --> 00:20:00.867
Things seemed to be going
backwards again.
416
00:20:00.867 --> 00:20:02.266
Seems like as always,
417
00:20:02.266 --> 00:20:05.200
make progress and then
we go backwards.
418
00:20:07.700 --> 00:20:10.467
Pretty bleak time
for you to believe
419
00:20:10.467 --> 00:20:10.509
that this country was a place
420
00:20:10.509 --> 00:20:13.367
that this country was a place
421
00:20:13.367 --> 00:20:17.967
where we were going to
be able to subsist peacefully
422
00:20:17.967 --> 00:20:20.367
alongside our white brothers
and sisters.
423
00:20:21.967 --> 00:20:24.367
This is a difficult time
for the United States.
424
00:20:24.367 --> 00:20:27.700
It's perhaps well to ask
what kind of a nation we are.
425
00:20:27.767 --> 00:20:30.667
[Charles] Robert Kennedy
was a person to whom
426
00:20:30.667 --> 00:20:35.300
we all looked
because he was the successor
we thought of...
427
00:20:35.367 --> 00:20:37.500
of his brother,
President John Kennedy,
428
00:20:37.567 --> 00:20:39.266
and then he was assassinated.
429
00:20:39.266 --> 00:20:40.509
[man] Just please stay back,
just a doctor,
come right here.
430
00:20:40.509 --> 00:20:41.800
[man] Just please stay back,
just a doctor,
come right here.
431
00:20:41.867 --> 00:20:47.367
[Charles] At that time,
we lost two iconic figures
in the Black community.
432
00:20:47.367 --> 00:20:48.967
It was just unspeakable.
433
00:20:48.967 --> 00:20:51.567
And it was all on television.
434
00:20:51.567 --> 00:20:53.767
We were all in mourning,
435
00:20:53.767 --> 00:20:55.867
watching, not knowing
what to do.
436
00:20:57.367 --> 00:20:58.500
[Carl] What do you do?
437
00:20:58.567 --> 00:20:59.667
You're killing everyone.
438
00:20:59.667 --> 00:21:00.767
Everyone.
439
00:21:00.767 --> 00:21:03.000
All of our leaders.
440
00:21:03.000 --> 00:21:04.200
What do we do?
441
00:21:06.600 --> 00:21:09.367
[narrator] As the decade
reached its lowest point,
442
00:21:09.367 --> 00:21:10.509
NASA prepared for its greatest
technological feat...
443
00:21:10.509 --> 00:21:12.400
NASA prepared for its greatest
technological feat...
444
00:21:12.467 --> 00:21:14.066
[man on radio]
You're go for landing. Over.
445
00:21:14.066 --> 00:21:17.000
[narrator] ...causing
the nation's social
and economic disparities
446
00:21:17.000 --> 00:21:19.567
to play out on an even
bigger scale.
447
00:21:24.567 --> 00:21:25.667
[newscaster] Good evening.
448
00:21:25.667 --> 00:21:27.600
That's Apollo 11 out there,
449
00:21:27.667 --> 00:21:32.266
scheduled for a launch
to the Moon
at 9:32 a.m. tomorrow.
450
00:21:32.266 --> 00:21:33.767
[dramatic music playing]
451
00:21:36.367 --> 00:21:37.567
[Dr. King] I say to you,
452
00:21:37.567 --> 00:21:40.100
if we can spend
billions of dollars
453
00:21:40.166 --> 00:21:42.066
to put a man on the Moon,
454
00:21:42.066 --> 00:21:45.467
we can spend
billions of dollars
to put God's children
455
00:21:45.467 --> 00:21:47.900
on their own two feet
right here on Earth.
456
00:21:47.967 --> 00:21:49.367
[crowd cheering]
457
00:21:51.000 --> 00:21:52.667
Back in the '60s,
458
00:21:52.667 --> 00:21:52.948
many of the grassroots
political movements
459
00:21:52.948 --> 00:21:54.500
many of the grassroots
political movements
460
00:21:54.567 --> 00:21:59.400
had a common adversary
in the space race
and in NASA in particular.
461
00:21:59.467 --> 00:22:01.767
And they could say
that that money and effort
462
00:22:01.767 --> 00:22:03.667
and even, you know,
cultural capital
463
00:22:03.667 --> 00:22:06.000
could be much better spent
back here on Earth,
464
00:22:06.066 --> 00:22:09.300
fighting for racial equality,
gender equality,
465
00:22:09.367 --> 00:22:11.300
to stop the war in Vietnam,
for instance.
466
00:22:11.367 --> 00:22:14.300
And I think
that's a little bit
what's happening today.
467
00:22:14.367 --> 00:22:19.867
We have this incredible moment
where private space companies
are blasting off to orbit.
468
00:22:19.867 --> 00:22:21.567
They're planning on going
to the Moon.
469
00:22:21.567 --> 00:22:22.948
It's really pretty exciting.
470
00:22:22.948 --> 00:22:23.166
It's really pretty exciting.
471
00:22:23.166 --> 00:22:24.767
But at the same moment,
on the streets,
472
00:22:24.767 --> 00:22:26.000
we have people
who are really upset
473
00:22:26.066 --> 00:22:28.867
with what's going on back down
on Earth.
474
00:22:28.867 --> 00:22:31.567
And this is exactly
what was happening
in the '60s.
475
00:22:33.100 --> 00:22:36.166
[Curtis]
When Dr. King was tragically
taken away from us,
476
00:22:36.166 --> 00:22:39.400
fortunately, he had a man
standing in the wings.
477
00:22:39.467 --> 00:22:41.667
Ralph David Abernathy
took up the banner
478
00:22:41.667 --> 00:22:44.100
of the Southern Christian
Leadership Conference
479
00:22:44.100 --> 00:22:46.567
to continue the work
that Dr. King had started.
480
00:22:47.767 --> 00:22:49.767
So on the eve
of the Apollo 11 launch,
481
00:22:49.767 --> 00:22:52.800
Ralph Abernathy arrives
at the Kennedy Space Center
482
00:22:52.867 --> 00:22:52.948
with 25 poor
African-American families,
483
00:22:52.948 --> 00:22:55.367
with 25 poor
African-American families,
484
00:22:56.867 --> 00:22:59.000
four mules,
and two rickety wagons.
485
00:22:59.000 --> 00:23:00.500
There's press there.
486
00:23:00.567 --> 00:23:02.767
There's newscasters
and reporters.
487
00:23:02.767 --> 00:23:07.367
We are here to protest
and we are here
to demonstrate.
488
00:23:07.367 --> 00:23:11.667
We are here to say
that what we can do for space
489
00:23:11.667 --> 00:23:15.266
and exploration, we must do,
490
00:23:15.266 --> 00:23:18.000
and we demand that we do,
491
00:23:18.066 --> 00:23:21.400
the very same
for starving poor people.
492
00:23:21.467 --> 00:23:22.948
-Yes!
-Yeah!
493
00:23:22.948 --> 00:23:23.200
-Yes!
-Yeah!
494
00:23:23.266 --> 00:23:26.200
Abernathy had the power
of the press behind him.
495
00:23:26.266 --> 00:23:29.166
They were attentive
to Abernathy's activities.
496
00:23:29.166 --> 00:23:31.767
It compelled the NASA
administrator
497
00:23:31.767 --> 00:23:36.567
to come and speak to him
in public on camera.
498
00:23:36.567 --> 00:23:39.767
If it were possible for us
tomorrow morning
499
00:23:39.767 --> 00:23:41.400
to not push the button
500
00:23:41.467 --> 00:23:44.767
and to solve the problems
to which you are concerned,
501
00:23:44.767 --> 00:23:47.700
believe me,
we would not push the button.
502
00:23:47.767 --> 00:23:50.600
The response of the NASA
administrator, which I...
503
00:23:50.667 --> 00:23:52.100
I have to compliment,
was, you know,
504
00:23:52.166 --> 00:23:52.948
"If I could stop
this launch tomorrow
and correct every ill,
505
00:23:52.948 --> 00:23:56.700
"If I could stop
this launch tomorrow
and correct every ill,
506
00:23:56.767 --> 00:23:57.900
I would do that.
507
00:23:57.967 --> 00:23:59.266
But I can't."
508
00:23:59.266 --> 00:24:02.667
And it would do no good
and it would keep us
from advancing.
509
00:24:02.667 --> 00:24:07.100
And I think
what I'm trying to say here
is it is not an either, or.
510
00:24:07.100 --> 00:24:10.000
We have leadership
in this country today
that believes,
511
00:24:10.000 --> 00:24:11.467
"I win, you lose."
512
00:24:11.467 --> 00:24:12.600
That's not the world.
513
00:24:12.667 --> 00:24:14.000
The world is very nuanced.
514
00:24:16.300 --> 00:24:20.166
Unfortunately,
it falls upon us,
515
00:24:20.166 --> 00:24:21.967
the oppressed group,
516
00:24:21.967 --> 00:24:22.948
to educate the group that's
supposed to be damn smart.
517
00:24:22.948 --> 00:24:24.800
to educate the group that's
supposed to be damn smart.
518
00:24:26.400 --> 00:24:27.567
[Hakeem]
So if you want to say,
519
00:24:27.567 --> 00:24:29.367
"Oh, look at the money
that they put here.
520
00:24:29.367 --> 00:24:31.000
Could we have put it
somewhere else?"
521
00:24:31.000 --> 00:24:32.800
Well, money doesn't work
like that, right?
522
00:24:32.867 --> 00:24:35.667
Money isn't a zero-sum game.
523
00:24:35.667 --> 00:24:36.867
I was in the federal
government
524
00:24:36.867 --> 00:24:38.266
and I used to press
the button,
525
00:24:38.266 --> 00:24:40.166
"Time to send $10 million."
526
00:24:40.166 --> 00:24:41.600
Everything that happens
527
00:24:41.667 --> 00:24:44.000
is a matter of will
and choice.
528
00:24:44.000 --> 00:24:48.000
So if you want to give
a billion dollars
to some good cause,
529
00:24:48.066 --> 00:24:49.166
the money is there.
530
00:24:49.166 --> 00:24:50.800
You have to make it a priority
531
00:24:50.867 --> 00:24:52.948
and you have to do it
by design.
532
00:24:52.948 --> 00:24:53.600
and you have to do it
by design.
533
00:24:55.066 --> 00:24:59.266
I pray that the astronauts
will have a safe flight
534
00:24:59.266 --> 00:25:03.100
and a safe return
to this Earth.
535
00:25:03.166 --> 00:25:05.066
[announcer]
Thirty seconds and counting.
536
00:25:05.066 --> 00:25:07.467
We are still go
with Apollo 11.
537
00:25:09.367 --> 00:25:10.667
The people
who came with Abernathy,
538
00:25:10.667 --> 00:25:12.000
including Abernathy himself,
539
00:25:12.066 --> 00:25:14.900
are really excited
and they go to the launch.
540
00:25:14.967 --> 00:25:18.667
[announcer] 12, 11, 10, 9.
541
00:25:18.667 --> 00:25:20.700
Ignition sequence start.
542
00:25:20.767 --> 00:25:22.948
Six, five, four,
543
00:25:22.948 --> 00:25:24.500
Six, five, four,
544
00:25:24.567 --> 00:25:27.300
three, two, one, zero.
545
00:25:27.367 --> 00:25:28.467
Lift off!
546
00:25:28.467 --> 00:25:29.767
We have a liftoff!
547
00:25:29.767 --> 00:25:31.400
[triumphant music playing]
548
00:25:40.667 --> 00:25:43.066
[Curtis] Abernathy's
demonstration was eclipsed
549
00:25:43.066 --> 00:25:45.967
by the significance of that
550
00:25:45.967 --> 00:25:48.667
technological movement
at the time.
551
00:25:49.667 --> 00:25:51.166
[astronaut speaking]
552
00:25:54.767 --> 00:25:57.100
But on the other hand,
the nation needed
553
00:25:57.166 --> 00:25:59.400
to think about the fact
that people
554
00:25:59.467 --> 00:26:01.166
were starving to death.
555
00:26:01.166 --> 00:26:03.867
And the nation still needs
to think about people
556
00:26:03.867 --> 00:26:05.166
that are starving to death.
557
00:26:07.367 --> 00:26:09.667
We still need to do something
in those places
558
00:26:09.667 --> 00:26:12.767
where it looks like the 1800s,
559
00:26:12.767 --> 00:26:14.700
where raw sewage
is still running
560
00:26:14.767 --> 00:26:16.500
from the back of the house.
561
00:26:16.567 --> 00:26:20.266
At the same time,
we're doing all of these
things technologically.
562
00:26:20.266 --> 00:26:22.948
Would you believe
we're living with that today
563
00:26:22.948 --> 00:26:23.066
Would you believe
we're living with that today
564
00:26:23.066 --> 00:26:24.900
and nobody has done
anything about it?
565
00:26:26.100 --> 00:26:28.667
When you think back
to the 1960s,
566
00:26:28.667 --> 00:26:31.367
it was a very,
very challenging time.
567
00:26:31.367 --> 00:26:33.600
And yet we had this
one moment in time
568
00:26:33.667 --> 00:26:36.166
when we had
American astronauts
569
00:26:36.166 --> 00:26:39.700
leaving the Earth eventually
to go step on another world
570
00:26:39.767 --> 00:26:41.800
for the first time
in human history.
571
00:26:41.867 --> 00:26:44.166
The world stopped
and they were looking
572
00:26:44.166 --> 00:26:47.467
at this amazing human
achievement for...
573
00:26:47.467 --> 00:26:50.500
for just these few moments
in time.
574
00:26:50.567 --> 00:26:52.700
Now, if we fast forward
to today,
575
00:26:52.767 --> 00:26:52.948
we've had challenges.
576
00:26:52.948 --> 00:26:54.100
we've had challenges.
577
00:26:54.100 --> 00:26:57.400
And yet when we launched
Demo-2,
578
00:26:57.467 --> 00:27:00.367
again, every news station
broke in
579
00:27:00.367 --> 00:27:02.166
and wanted to cover it
because again,
580
00:27:02.166 --> 00:27:04.166
it was a human achievement,
581
00:27:04.166 --> 00:27:09.567
just like the Apollo 11 moment
on July 20th, 1969.
582
00:27:13.166 --> 00:27:14.967
[Neil Armstrong]
Tranquility base here.
583
00:27:14.967 --> 00:27:16.367
The Eagle has landed.
584
00:27:16.367 --> 00:27:17.667
[triumphant music playing]
585
00:27:23.000 --> 00:27:25.500
[newscaster]
Wally says, "I'm speechless."
586
00:27:25.567 --> 00:27:30.967
[Neil Armstrong]
That's one small step for man,
one giant leap for mankind.
587
00:27:30.967 --> 00:27:32.066
[Neil] I mean, in some ways,
588
00:27:32.066 --> 00:27:34.667
it was very, very positive
for us as a nation.
589
00:27:34.667 --> 00:27:37.000
But I think, in other ways,
it's both good and bad.
590
00:27:37.000 --> 00:27:38.867
There were reports of people
in Harlem
591
00:27:38.867 --> 00:27:40.600
who were watching
baseball games
592
00:27:40.667 --> 00:27:42.767
at that time instead
of watching the Moon landing,
593
00:27:42.767 --> 00:27:45.867
because they just didn't feel
included in that endeavor.
594
00:27:47.200 --> 00:27:50.000
[narrator] As the 1960s
came to a close,
595
00:27:50.000 --> 00:27:52.400
Americans lived
in different realities.
596
00:27:55.967 --> 00:27:58.266
But inspiration to build
a better society,
597
00:27:58.266 --> 00:28:00.667
both in space and on Earth,
598
00:28:00.667 --> 00:28:03.800
was about to enter millions
of American homes
599
00:28:03.867 --> 00:28:06.600
and come
from an unexpected source,
600
00:28:06.667 --> 00:28:07.900
network television.
601
00:28:11.600 --> 00:28:13.800
Captain,
I'm getting audio signal
from the Lexington.
602
00:28:15.500 --> 00:28:17.767
Put it on.
603
00:28:17.767 --> 00:28:20.400
[Hakeem] Many of us
who find ourselves
in technical careers
604
00:28:20.467 --> 00:28:22.400
started off
as curious children
605
00:28:22.467 --> 00:28:25.300
who are watching
science fiction programs
on television.
606
00:28:26.900 --> 00:28:30.266
The thing about these
space science
fiction programs
607
00:28:30.266 --> 00:28:33.800
is that they illustrate
our aspirations as a society.
608
00:28:33.867 --> 00:28:36.667
And one element
of these programs quite often
609
00:28:36.667 --> 00:28:38.066
is how inclusive they are.
610
00:28:39.266 --> 00:28:39.821
[Victor]
I absolutely watch Star Trek.
611
00:28:39.821 --> 00:28:41.667
[Victor]
I absolutely watch Star Trek.
612
00:28:41.667 --> 00:28:44.800
The people on the TV screen
look like
613
00:28:44.867 --> 00:28:46.000
people in my neighborhood,
614
00:28:46.066 --> 00:28:48.467
like people that I saw
in real life.
615
00:28:48.467 --> 00:28:50.166
That cast was so diverse.
616
00:28:51.200 --> 00:28:55.000
When Star Trek
came on in 1966,
617
00:28:55.066 --> 00:28:56.367
that was new territory.
618
00:28:58.000 --> 00:29:00.066
During the height
of the civil rights movement,
619
00:29:00.066 --> 00:29:04.166
they are portraying
our future space travelers.
620
00:29:04.166 --> 00:29:08.066
That really, really
did a lot for many of us,
621
00:29:08.066 --> 00:29:09.821
because maybe one day
this possibly could happen,
622
00:29:09.821 --> 00:29:11.800
because maybe one day
this possibly could happen,
623
00:29:11.867 --> 00:29:14.967
that maybe
we'll all be working together,
624
00:29:14.967 --> 00:29:17.166
going to places
where few have gone before.
625
00:29:20.000 --> 00:29:22.667
[Sonequa] We had
Nichelle Nichols playing
Lieutenant Uhura.
626
00:29:22.667 --> 00:29:24.500
Being in this position
of authority,
627
00:29:24.567 --> 00:29:26.166
being a genius herself,
628
00:29:26.166 --> 00:29:29.000
uh, and seeing that,
that was the first time
629
00:29:29.066 --> 00:29:31.400
we saw a Black woman
in that way.
630
00:29:33.200 --> 00:29:37.500
Nichelle Nichols was the first
African-American woman
on television
631
00:29:37.567 --> 00:29:39.266
that wasn't in a subservient
role.
632
00:29:39.266 --> 00:29:39.821
She wasn't a slave.
She wasn't a servant.
633
00:29:39.821 --> 00:29:41.467
She wasn't a slave.
She wasn't a servant.
634
00:29:41.467 --> 00:29:45.166
There is a little, um,
similarity between
Star Trek and me.
635
00:29:45.166 --> 00:29:49.166
So, Lieutenant Uhura
was the communications officer
636
00:29:49.166 --> 00:29:52.100
and I was the communications
person on my mission.
637
00:29:52.100 --> 00:29:54.500
So I had to do all
the comm configurations.
638
00:29:56.000 --> 00:29:57.567
[Sonequa] She didn't want
to stay on Star Trek,
639
00:29:57.567 --> 00:30:01.000
but famously,
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
640
00:30:01.000 --> 00:30:03.500
said, "No, you have to
because we need to see you."
641
00:30:03.567 --> 00:30:04.600
And she stayed.
642
00:30:04.667 --> 00:30:05.700
And not only that,
643
00:30:05.767 --> 00:30:07.166
she dedicated
the rest of her life
644
00:30:07.166 --> 00:30:08.867
and career to progression.
645
00:30:13.100 --> 00:30:14.100
Hi.
646
00:30:14.166 --> 00:30:16.100
I'm Nichelle Nichols,
647
00:30:16.100 --> 00:30:18.367
but I still feel a little bit
like Lieutenant Uhura
648
00:30:18.367 --> 00:30:20.400
on the Starship Enterprise.
649
00:30:20.467 --> 00:30:22.266
You know, now
there's a 20th century
650
00:30:22.266 --> 00:30:26.667
Enterprise, an actual
space vehicle built by NASA
651
00:30:26.667 --> 00:30:30.400
and designed to put us
in the business of space.
652
00:30:30.467 --> 00:30:34.000
Nichelle Nichols was appointed
to the board of directors,
653
00:30:34.000 --> 00:30:37.066
uh, of the National
Space Institute in 1977.
654
00:30:38.467 --> 00:30:39.821
She was responsible for this
recruitment campaign
655
00:30:39.821 --> 00:30:42.100
She was responsible for this
recruitment campaign
656
00:30:42.100 --> 00:30:45.400
because she said,
"Where are the women?
657
00:30:45.467 --> 00:30:47.166
Where are the Black people
658
00:30:47.166 --> 00:30:49.567
and other minorities
in this place?"
659
00:30:49.567 --> 00:30:51.367
This is your NASA.
660
00:30:51.367 --> 00:30:53.266
Minorities and women alike,
661
00:30:53.266 --> 00:30:57.867
if you qualify and would like
to be an astronaut,
now is the time.
662
00:30:59.567 --> 00:31:04.066
I have met Black scientists
that have chosen that
because of Star Trek.
663
00:31:04.066 --> 00:31:06.867
She took that public platform
that she had,
664
00:31:06.867 --> 00:31:09.200
and so she was responsible
for bringing in like
665
00:31:09.266 --> 00:31:09.821
8,000 plus applicants,
666
00:31:09.821 --> 00:31:11.400
8,000 plus applicants,
667
00:31:11.467 --> 00:31:16.300
and it led to 35 new
astronauts being chosen.
668
00:31:16.367 --> 00:31:22.266
That group was the first group
that included women
and minorities in NASA.
669
00:31:25.266 --> 00:31:27.567
[narrator] Nichelle Nichols'
pioneering role
670
00:31:27.567 --> 00:31:30.867
also paved the way
for a new Star Trek captain.
671
00:31:30.867 --> 00:31:35.266
I play Captain Michael Burnham
on Star Trek: Discovery.
672
00:31:36.700 --> 00:31:39.500
I stand on Nichelle Nichols'
shoulders.
673
00:31:39.567 --> 00:31:39.821
She changed the world.
674
00:31:39.821 --> 00:31:40.867
She changed the world.
675
00:31:41.867 --> 00:31:43.700
I am in the captain's
chair now.
676
00:31:43.767 --> 00:31:44.867
That's a pretty big deal.
677
00:31:46.100 --> 00:31:47.867
So let's fly.
678
00:31:47.867 --> 00:31:48.967
[laughs]
679
00:31:50.800 --> 00:31:52.233
Hey!
680
00:31:54.100 --> 00:31:57.467
[narrator]
After the example
set by Star Trek in the 1960s,
681
00:31:57.467 --> 00:32:00.867
Star Wars picked up
the mantle in 1977,
682
00:32:00.867 --> 00:32:02.400
depicting a future in space
683
00:32:02.467 --> 00:32:05.200
that included both Black
and white leaders
684
00:32:05.266 --> 00:32:09.467
and featured stars like
James Earl Jones
and Billy Dee Williams.
685
00:32:09.467 --> 00:32:09.821
While it was a win
for representation,
686
00:32:09.821 --> 00:32:11.867
While it was a win
for representation,
687
00:32:11.867 --> 00:32:14.500
ardent fans criticized
many of its characters
688
00:32:14.567 --> 00:32:16.400
as veiled racial stereotypes.
689
00:32:17.567 --> 00:32:22.700
Star Wars had always
had this very, you know,
690
00:32:22.767 --> 00:32:25.567
tumultuous experience
with race.
691
00:32:25.567 --> 00:32:27.400
Everyone thought
that Chewbacca
692
00:32:27.467 --> 00:32:30.200
was the "Black" character,
693
00:32:30.266 --> 00:32:32.166
the one who was kind
of relegated
694
00:32:32.166 --> 00:32:33.767
to the sidekick of Han Solo
695
00:32:33.767 --> 00:32:36.166
and couldn't speak English
and all of these tropes.
696
00:32:36.166 --> 00:32:39.821
And then Yoda was talked about
as the stereotypical
697
00:32:39.821 --> 00:32:39.900
And then Yoda was talked about
as the stereotypical
698
00:32:39.967 --> 00:32:43.166
Asian martial arts master.
699
00:32:43.166 --> 00:32:48.000
[narrator] In 1999,
Star Wars: Episode I -
The Phantom Menace,
700
00:32:48.000 --> 00:32:51.066
drew more criticism
for its character
Jar Jar Binks.
701
00:32:52.166 --> 00:32:53.767
[man speaking]
702
00:32:54.867 --> 00:32:56.667
I played a character called
Jar Jar Binks,
703
00:32:56.667 --> 00:33:00.567
which was the first
CGI character in film history.
704
00:33:00.567 --> 00:33:03.767
[George] The guy we got
has got a great walk
and everything,
705
00:33:03.767 --> 00:33:06.767
and when you translate it
into Jar Jar, it was great.
706
00:33:06.767 --> 00:33:09.400
[Ahmed] Being Jar Jar
was incredibly filling.
707
00:33:09.467 --> 00:33:09.821
The backlash was unexpected.
708
00:33:09.821 --> 00:33:12.867
The backlash was unexpected.
709
00:33:12.867 --> 00:33:14.567
Me is a Jar Jar Binks.
710
00:33:14.567 --> 00:33:16.166
[crowd laughing]
711
00:33:18.900 --> 00:33:21.367
I will never let Jar Jar
live on this stage.
712
00:33:22.700 --> 00:33:25.567
[narrator] Ahmed Best's
Jar Jar Binks was criticized
713
00:33:25.567 --> 00:33:29.300
and ridiculed by both
white and Black audiences.
714
00:33:29.367 --> 00:33:31.867
Hey, Jar Jar, keep away
from those energy binders.
715
00:33:31.867 --> 00:33:33.567
[whimpers]
716
00:33:33.567 --> 00:33:36.200
[narrator] The character
was meant to add comic relief,
717
00:33:36.266 --> 00:33:37.867
speaking in what viewers
perceived
718
00:33:37.867 --> 00:33:39.821
to be a stereotypical
Jamaican accent.
719
00:33:39.821 --> 00:33:40.700
to be a stereotypical
Jamaican accent.
720
00:33:40.767 --> 00:33:43.100
No, no, mesa stay.
721
00:33:43.100 --> 00:33:44.867
Mesa culled Jar Jar Binks.
722
00:33:44.867 --> 00:33:47.367
When you're doing
a movie like that,
you're in a bubble.
723
00:33:47.367 --> 00:33:52.600
So all we saw
was the wonderful time
that we were having.
724
00:33:52.667 --> 00:33:55.000
And so coming out
of that bubble
725
00:33:55.000 --> 00:33:58.467
and seeing this reaction
was just a shock, which,
you know, I...
726
00:33:58.467 --> 00:34:01.767
I sometimes feel a little bit
naive about.
727
00:34:01.767 --> 00:34:03.233
[narrator]
Despite the criticism,
728
00:34:03.233 --> 00:34:07.100
The Phantom Menace
was the highest grossing film
in 1999.
729
00:34:07.100 --> 00:34:08.567
[George] Action!
730
00:34:08.567 --> 00:34:09.821
[narrator]
Space fans still crave
a multidimensional universe,
731
00:34:09.821 --> 00:34:11.867
[narrator]
Space fans still crave
a multidimensional universe,
732
00:34:11.867 --> 00:34:14.367
pointing towards progress
and harmony.
733
00:34:14.367 --> 00:34:16.767
[George] And squat down.
734
00:34:16.767 --> 00:34:19.600
I do believe that George
is an incredibly
735
00:34:19.667 --> 00:34:21.500
socially conscious person
736
00:34:21.567 --> 00:34:26.266
and he is very invested
in civil rights.
737
00:34:26.266 --> 00:34:29.800
And I think that
we're always going to have
these conversations
738
00:34:29.867 --> 00:34:33.467
about anything that
is as popular as Star Wars.
739
00:34:33.467 --> 00:34:36.066
[narrator]
As the diverse science fiction
universe portrayed
740
00:34:36.066 --> 00:34:39.821
by Star Wars and Star Trek
in the late 1960s and '70s
741
00:34:39.821 --> 00:34:40.100
by Star Wars and Star Trek
in the late 1960s and '70s
742
00:34:40.166 --> 00:34:42.400
crept into the public
consciousness,
743
00:34:42.467 --> 00:34:44.367
NASA faced further pressure
744
00:34:44.367 --> 00:34:47.266
to turn science fiction
into reality.
745
00:34:51.300 --> 00:34:55.000
[newscaster speaking]
746
00:35:00.667 --> 00:35:03.667
[Carl]
Prior to the class of 1978,
747
00:35:03.667 --> 00:35:08.600
they did not have women
or minorities
748
00:35:08.667 --> 00:35:10.100
in the space program.
749
00:35:11.600 --> 00:35:16.000
My brother, Ronald E. McNair,
applied to the space program.
750
00:35:16.066 --> 00:35:18.100
I'm thinking,
"Now, if you're going
to be an astronaut,
751
00:35:18.100 --> 00:35:19.654
I'm going to be the pope."
Okay.
752
00:35:19.654 --> 00:35:19.700
I'm going to be the pope."
Okay.
753
00:35:21.767 --> 00:35:25.700
You know, noontime news,
Walter Cronkite comes on.
754
00:35:25.767 --> 00:35:29.700
I said, "Oh, man, my brother,
he's going to be
so disappointed."
755
00:35:29.767 --> 00:35:35.600
And then they announced
the name Dr. Ronald McNair.
756
00:35:35.667 --> 00:35:38.100
And from that point,
I heard nothing else.
757
00:35:40.066 --> 00:35:41.400
It was almost impossible.
758
00:35:41.400 --> 00:35:45.166
How was this that a guy
who came from segregated
South Carolina,
759
00:35:45.166 --> 00:35:48.000
by far not your image
of the right stuff?
760
00:35:50.500 --> 00:35:56.100
The class of '78
included an Asian man,
three Black men,
761
00:35:56.166 --> 00:35:58.100
and six women.
762
00:35:58.166 --> 00:36:01.900
[Charles] NASA knew
that they couldn't bring
women and minorities
763
00:36:01.967 --> 00:36:04.967
and African-Americans
in and then not fly them.
764
00:36:04.967 --> 00:36:08.800
So... so there was pressure
on the program
to get them flown.
765
00:36:08.867 --> 00:36:10.367
[triumphant music playing]
766
00:36:13.066 --> 00:36:17.000
In the class of '78,
you have the first two.
767
00:36:17.000 --> 00:36:18.567
You have Sally Ride,
768
00:36:18.567 --> 00:36:19.654
who was ultimately chosen
to be the first
American woman in space.
769
00:36:19.654 --> 00:36:24.000
who was ultimately chosen
to be the first
American woman in space.
770
00:36:24.000 --> 00:36:25.600
And you had Guy Bluford,
771
00:36:25.667 --> 00:36:29.100
who was chosen as the first
Black American in space.
772
00:36:30.900 --> 00:36:35.400
Nobody really
prepares astronauts
for this hero status
773
00:36:35.467 --> 00:36:38.467
and especially
being the first.
774
00:36:38.467 --> 00:36:40.900
[narrator]
Unlike their white male
predecessors,
775
00:36:40.967 --> 00:36:43.567
the first diverse astronauts
faced public pressure
776
00:36:43.567 --> 00:36:46.800
that was often racist
or sexist and a sign
777
00:36:46.867 --> 00:36:49.654
that not everyone in America
was ready to accept
these new heroes.
778
00:36:49.654 --> 00:36:51.367
that not everyone in America
was ready to accept
these new heroes.
779
00:36:51.367 --> 00:36:53.000
Do you know
we have a woman astronaut now?
780
00:36:53.066 --> 00:36:54.100
[man] Yeah.
781
00:36:54.100 --> 00:36:55.800
Her name is Sally Ride.
782
00:36:55.867 --> 00:36:59.000
And she asked NASA today
to delay her shuttle flight
783
00:36:59.000 --> 00:37:02.200
because she couldn't find
a matching purse
to go with the space shoes.
784
00:37:02.266 --> 00:37:04.000
[audience laughing]
785
00:37:04.066 --> 00:37:07.500
I was very fortunate
because Sally flew on STS-7
786
00:37:07.567 --> 00:37:11.066
and I flew on STS-8,
so I flew right behind Sally.
787
00:37:11.066 --> 00:37:13.300
So I saw
all the media attention
788
00:37:13.367 --> 00:37:16.100
and I recognized
that I was going to get
the same thing.
789
00:37:16.166 --> 00:37:19.654
So I used Sally
as a way of learning
how to deal with the media.
790
00:37:19.654 --> 00:37:21.967
So I used Sally
as a way of learning
how to deal with the media.
791
00:37:21.967 --> 00:37:23.667
Sure, thank you
all for coming out.
792
00:37:23.667 --> 00:37:27.900
There were crazy things
that were asked her,
793
00:37:27.967 --> 00:37:31.400
about her make-up,
her hair, her dress.
794
00:37:31.467 --> 00:37:33.700
Very stereotypical questions.
795
00:37:33.767 --> 00:37:35.166
[Gloria] What do you suppose
are the dumbest
796
00:37:35.166 --> 00:37:37.266
kinds of questions
you've been asked to date?
797
00:37:37.266 --> 00:37:39.266
[Sally] Without a doubt,
I think the worst question
798
00:37:39.266 --> 00:37:41.767
that I have gotten
was whether I cried
799
00:37:41.767 --> 00:37:43.800
when we got malfunctions
in the simulator.
800
00:37:43.867 --> 00:37:46.467
[interviewer] Do you weep?
Do you, uh...
what do you do?
801
00:37:49.900 --> 00:37:51.767
Why doesn't anybody ask
Rick those questions?
802
00:37:51.767 --> 00:37:53.000
[all laughing]
803
00:37:54.800 --> 00:37:57.667
[narrator] Sally Ride's
history-making flight
804
00:37:57.667 --> 00:38:00.100
capped off more than
20 years of struggle
805
00:38:00.100 --> 00:38:02.166
by the civil rights
and women's movements
806
00:38:02.166 --> 00:38:06.367
to gain access
and representation
in space exploration.
807
00:38:06.367 --> 00:38:08.266
[man] The media attention
around the world
808
00:38:08.266 --> 00:38:10.266
has been on Dr. Sally Ride,
809
00:38:10.266 --> 00:38:12.867
who emphasizes that
she's a mission specialist
810
00:38:12.867 --> 00:38:17.266
and a scientist
who just also happens
to be a woman.
811
00:38:17.266 --> 00:38:19.654
[narrator] Years later,
Sally Ride also became known
812
00:38:19.654 --> 00:38:20.000
[narrator] Years later,
Sally Ride also became known
813
00:38:20.066 --> 00:38:24.200
as the first gay astronaut
when it was revealed
in her obituary
814
00:38:24.266 --> 00:38:29.867
that among her survivors
was her partner of 27 years,
Tam O'Shaughnessy.
815
00:38:29.867 --> 00:38:33.266
A true American pioneer died
today of cancer.
816
00:38:33.266 --> 00:38:34.433
Sally Ride.
817
00:38:34.467 --> 00:38:37.300
This is what her biography
says, "In an instant,
818
00:38:37.367 --> 00:38:41.266
little girls learned that
even the sky
wasn't the limit."
819
00:38:44.767 --> 00:38:49.000
[newscaster]
Dr. Guion Bluford is now
in training for space flight.
820
00:38:49.000 --> 00:38:49.654
I saw the same
sort of media attention,
821
00:38:49.654 --> 00:38:51.200
I saw the same
sort of media attention,
822
00:38:51.266 --> 00:38:53.400
not to the same degree
as Sally.
823
00:38:53.467 --> 00:38:55.800
I was sort of in her wake,
to some extent.
824
00:38:58.000 --> 00:38:59.967
Guy Bluford
was the trailblazer
825
00:38:59.967 --> 00:39:02.000
for those of us of color.
826
00:39:02.066 --> 00:39:04.567
[Guy] For me,
a big break was to graduate
827
00:39:04.567 --> 00:39:06.867
from high school
and come to Penn State.
828
00:39:06.867 --> 00:39:12.400
And we had this
college counselor
who waved me off.
829
00:39:12.467 --> 00:39:16.500
I think the college counselor
provided doubt in my mind,
830
00:39:16.567 --> 00:39:19.654
"You may not be able
to get into college."
831
00:39:19.654 --> 00:39:19.867
"You may not be able
to get into college."
832
00:39:19.867 --> 00:39:21.767
[Leland] We've seen
this that in college,
833
00:39:21.767 --> 00:39:23.800
diverse students in STEM
834
00:39:23.867 --> 00:39:25.667
will transfer out
because of an experience
835
00:39:25.667 --> 00:39:28.467
they had in college
where someone said,
"Oh, you're not...
836
00:39:28.467 --> 00:39:29.767
You can't do this."
837
00:39:29.767 --> 00:39:32.367
That's the only way
you can become an astronaut
838
00:39:32.367 --> 00:39:34.300
if you get into a STEM
degree field.
839
00:39:34.367 --> 00:39:38.367
And so I think
there could be more
Guy Blufords
840
00:39:38.367 --> 00:39:41.400
if everyone had the access,
the opportunity,
841
00:39:41.467 --> 00:39:45.266
and belief that
they can be on this
same trajectory.
842
00:39:45.266 --> 00:39:48.867
Guy Bluford
was a third-generation
college graduate
843
00:39:48.867 --> 00:39:49.654
and for a Black man,
that is very significant.
844
00:39:49.654 --> 00:39:51.567
and for a Black man,
that is very significant.
845
00:39:51.567 --> 00:39:53.467
We don't think about that.
846
00:39:53.467 --> 00:39:59.767
But for three generations,
from emancipation,
is a remarkable thing.
847
00:39:59.767 --> 00:40:04.767
[narrator] Guy Bluford's
flight in 1983 was a triumph
for civil rights,
848
00:40:04.767 --> 00:40:10.100
but also a harsh reminder
of just how long
that struggle took.
849
00:40:10.166 --> 00:40:11.600
I was there 20 years before,
850
00:40:11.667 --> 00:40:15.300
almost to the month
before Guion went up.
851
00:40:16.900 --> 00:40:19.600
Now, Guion Bluford
is a brain guy.
852
00:40:19.667 --> 00:40:20.700
We're friends.
853
00:40:20.767 --> 00:40:25.066
He is one of the least
arrogant dudes.
854
00:40:25.066 --> 00:40:27.367
I was just really
proud of the guy,
855
00:40:27.367 --> 00:40:29.467
and I was hoping
that he'd come back here
856
00:40:29.467 --> 00:40:31.867
with a wonderful story
to tell.
857
00:40:31.867 --> 00:40:33.467
[Guy] When you look down
at the Earth,
858
00:40:33.467 --> 00:40:37.000
you recognize that
this is a very small planet
859
00:40:37.066 --> 00:40:39.567
and we all have
to live on it together
860
00:40:39.567 --> 00:40:41.567
and we all have
to share together
861
00:40:41.567 --> 00:40:44.667
and get along together,
so that we all prosper on it.
862
00:40:45.967 --> 00:40:47.367
[narrator]
After Bluford's flight,
863
00:40:47.367 --> 00:40:49.654
three more
African-American men
flew in the 1980s.
864
00:40:49.654 --> 00:40:51.166
three more
African-American men
flew in the 1980s.
865
00:40:51.166 --> 00:40:55.400
Ronald McNair,
Frederick Gregory,
and Charles Bolden.
866
00:40:55.467 --> 00:40:57.867
The American public,
finally seeing Blacks
867
00:40:57.867 --> 00:41:00.300
as mainstream
American heroes,
868
00:41:00.367 --> 00:41:04.166
provided a beacon of hope
for the next generation.
869
00:41:04.166 --> 00:41:09.600
My brother became a part
of the space program
before Charles Bolden.
870
00:41:09.667 --> 00:41:11.600
[Charles] I was a test pilot
at the time.
871
00:41:11.667 --> 00:41:15.367
Dr. Ron McNair
came to where I was assigned.
872
00:41:15.367 --> 00:41:17.567
He said, "Hey, are you going
to apply for the program?"
873
00:41:17.567 --> 00:41:18.900
I said, "Ron,
not on your life."
874
00:41:18.967 --> 00:41:19.654
And he looked at me
incredulously.
875
00:41:19.654 --> 00:41:21.667
And he looked at me
incredulously.
876
00:41:21.667 --> 00:41:22.767
He said, "Why not?"
877
00:41:22.767 --> 00:41:24.867
I said, "Ron,
they'd never pick me."
878
00:41:24.867 --> 00:41:27.800
He said, "You know,
how do you know
if you don't ask?"
879
00:41:29.100 --> 00:41:33.367
He was accepted
in the cohort of 1980.
880
00:41:37.100 --> 00:41:40.200
[Charles]
When I got to Houston
in the summer of 1980,
881
00:41:40.266 --> 00:41:42.100
I wasn't ready
for the reception
882
00:41:42.100 --> 00:41:45.500
that we would get
in the broader
Houston community.
883
00:41:45.567 --> 00:41:49.467
I remember I had to go
to a neighboring city
called Pasadena.
884
00:41:49.467 --> 00:41:49.654
And so I remember driving.
885
00:41:49.654 --> 00:41:51.000
And so I remember driving.
886
00:41:51.000 --> 00:41:53.266
And as I'm crossing
the city limit,
887
00:41:53.266 --> 00:41:55.867
there's this big billboard
with a guy
888
00:41:55.867 --> 00:41:58.467
on a white horse
reared up in a...
889
00:41:58.467 --> 00:41:59.567
and a hood.
890
00:41:59.567 --> 00:42:01.166
And it said,
"Welcome to Pasadena,
891
00:42:01.166 --> 00:42:02.467
home of the Ku Klux Klan."
892
00:42:03.900 --> 00:42:06.166
I just kind of went,
"You got to be [bleep] me."
893
00:42:06.166 --> 00:42:10.667
Excuse my French.
I said, "This is 1980.
894
00:42:10.667 --> 00:42:14.100
Uh, I know I'm not going
to have to go through
this stuff again."
895
00:42:14.166 --> 00:42:15.634
And sure enough,
896
00:42:15.634 --> 00:42:19.166
that was our first
couple of years
in the astronaut office.
897
00:42:19.166 --> 00:42:19.654
[narrator] The discrimination
that the first
898
00:42:19.654 --> 00:42:21.266
[narrator] The discrimination
that the first
899
00:42:21.266 --> 00:42:23.367
African-American
astronauts faced
900
00:42:23.367 --> 00:42:26.066
was a harsh reminder
that the overt racism
901
00:42:26.066 --> 00:42:28.467
of the 1960s was still alive.
902
00:42:30.667 --> 00:42:33.767
But America would soon get
a sober reminder
903
00:42:33.767 --> 00:42:36.266
that their new heroes
were not invincible...
904
00:42:36.266 --> 00:42:38.000
[announcer]
T-minus 15 seconds.
905
00:42:38.066 --> 00:42:39.100
[narrator]
...that every launch,
906
00:42:39.166 --> 00:42:41.100
they put their lives
on the line...
907
00:42:41.100 --> 00:42:42.800
That was a day
I'll never forget.
908
00:42:42.867 --> 00:42:44.567
[narrator]
...for the betterment
of science
909
00:42:44.567 --> 00:42:46.100
and for all humankind.
910
00:42:46.166 --> 00:42:47.867
[intense music playing]
911
00:42:50.867 --> 00:42:53.567
[announcer 1] Three, two, one,
and liftoff of the Space
Shuttle Discovery.
912
00:42:53.567 --> 00:42:55.166
[announcer 2]
Liftoff of Atlantis.
913
00:42:55.166 --> 00:42:56.600
[announcer 3]
Liftoff of Columbia.
914
00:42:56.667 --> 00:42:58.266
[announcer 4]
Liftoff of Challenger.
915
00:42:58.266 --> 00:43:01.467
[narrator] By 1986,
the space shuttle
had completed
916
00:43:01.467 --> 00:43:02.867
two dozen missions,
917
00:43:02.867 --> 00:43:04.367
and America
was used to seeing
918
00:43:04.367 --> 00:43:06.567
a diverse group of astronauts
in space.
919
00:43:07.767 --> 00:43:11.066
[newscaster speaking]
920
00:43:14.166 --> 00:43:18.200
My brother was in Challenger
Space Shuttle STS-51.
921
00:43:20.100 --> 00:43:24.100
[announcer]
Four, three, two, one,
922
00:43:24.166 --> 00:43:27.667
and liftoff of the 25th
space shuttle mission.
923
00:43:32.200 --> 00:43:33.700
[crowd screaming]
924
00:43:37.266 --> 00:43:40.900
It exploded,
losing the entire crew.
925
00:43:43.200 --> 00:43:45.800
That was the first time
I ever saw my father cry.
926
00:43:47.000 --> 00:43:49.000
Might say I have never been
the same since.
927
00:43:50.367 --> 00:43:56.300
We come together today
to mourn the loss of seven
brave Americans.
928
00:43:56.367 --> 00:43:59.266
[narrator]
The Challenger explosion
was especially tragic,
929
00:43:59.266 --> 00:44:03.166
because it had on board
a crew that reflected America,
930
00:44:03.166 --> 00:44:05.600
a civil rights era dream team.
931
00:44:05.667 --> 00:44:07.667
The loss impacted the nation
932
00:44:07.667 --> 00:44:09.867
and the next generation
of astronauts.
933
00:44:10.867 --> 00:44:12.367
I think all of us
in the astronaut office
934
00:44:12.367 --> 00:44:13.700
went through
some soul searching,
935
00:44:13.700 --> 00:44:17.767
trying to decide
whether this is really
what we wanted to do.
936
00:44:17.767 --> 00:44:19.099
And I tell people,
it took me a nanosecond
937
00:44:19.099 --> 00:44:21.000
And I tell people,
it took me a nanosecond
938
00:44:21.000 --> 00:44:24.400
to make up my mind that
this is where I belong.
939
00:44:25.800 --> 00:44:28.467
I felt that
I had a duty to carry out
940
00:44:28.467 --> 00:44:32.667
the legacy of Ron and his crew
and to be an example
for young Black kids
941
00:44:32.667 --> 00:44:35.166
so that they would not
be like me and believe
942
00:44:35.166 --> 00:44:36.433
they will never pick me.
943
00:44:37.867 --> 00:44:40.600
I think,
if you talk to a lot of us
in the space program,
944
00:44:40.667 --> 00:44:43.100
particularly the Blacks,
we all say, you know,
945
00:44:43.100 --> 00:44:45.300
"If that person did it,
I can do it."
946
00:44:46.667 --> 00:44:48.600
[narrator] The visibility
and representation
947
00:44:48.667 --> 00:44:49.099
provided by the first Black
astronauts proved invaluable,
948
00:44:49.099 --> 00:44:52.667
provided by the first Black
astronauts proved invaluable,
949
00:44:52.667 --> 00:44:54.667
inspiring the next generations
950
00:44:54.667 --> 00:44:56.567
of diverse Americans
to believe
951
00:44:56.567 --> 00:44:59.400
they could achieve
the same dream.
952
00:44:59.467 --> 00:45:02.066
I was in awe
of several astronauts,
953
00:45:02.066 --> 00:45:04.400
especially
the African-American
astronauts,
954
00:45:04.467 --> 00:45:06.066
which at the time there were,
955
00:45:06.066 --> 00:45:07.300
you know, a handful of.
956
00:45:10.166 --> 00:45:13.867
In 1987, Mae Jemison
was picked
for the Astronaut Corps,
957
00:45:13.867 --> 00:45:16.367
and I was very inspired
by her.
958
00:45:20.300 --> 00:45:24.100
[narrator] Dr. Mae Jemison
became the first Black woman
to travel to space.
959
00:45:25.700 --> 00:45:28.100
[Hakeem]
When you look at the year
Mae Jemison went up,
960
00:45:28.166 --> 00:45:32.100
in 1992, that was also
the year of the LA riots
961
00:45:32.166 --> 00:45:34.500
from the, uh,
Rodney King event.
962
00:45:37.567 --> 00:45:39.567
[newscaster]
Video showed LAPD officers
963
00:45:39.567 --> 00:45:41.667
beating Rodney King
with their batons
964
00:45:41.667 --> 00:45:45.900
for 15 minutes
after he led cops
on a high-speed chase.
965
00:45:45.967 --> 00:45:49.099
[juror] We, the jury,
find the defendant
not guilty...
966
00:45:49.099 --> 00:45:49.700
[juror] We, the jury,
find the defendant
not guilty...
967
00:45:49.767 --> 00:45:51.667
[narrator]
The shocking acquittal
of the officers
968
00:45:51.667 --> 00:45:54.967
who beat Rodney King
was a wake-up call to America,
969
00:45:54.967 --> 00:45:56.767
signaling to many
that even though
970
00:45:56.767 --> 00:45:59.100
the overt racism of the 1960s
971
00:45:59.166 --> 00:46:01.000
seemed to be
in the rearview mirror,
972
00:46:01.066 --> 00:46:03.667
systemic racism
was still deeply embedded
973
00:46:03.667 --> 00:46:06.100
in our laws
and judicial system.
974
00:46:06.166 --> 00:46:07.767
[newscaster]
The verdict set off
a firestorm
975
00:46:07.767 --> 00:46:09.867
of uncontrolled riots
and violence.
976
00:46:09.867 --> 00:46:12.000
[narrator] The debate about
racial disparities
977
00:46:12.066 --> 00:46:14.767
and police use of force
spilled into the streets
978
00:46:14.767 --> 00:46:17.767
in the most intense
period of social unrest
979
00:46:17.767 --> 00:46:19.099
since the 1968 riots
after the death
980
00:46:19.099 --> 00:46:20.667
since the 1968 riots
after the death
981
00:46:20.667 --> 00:46:23.367
of the Reverend
Martin Luther King Jr.
982
00:46:23.367 --> 00:46:26.300
Sometimes, when we send up
an African-American
into space,
983
00:46:26.367 --> 00:46:30.367
there are issues in America
that are racial.
984
00:46:31.567 --> 00:46:33.367
[narrator] Mae Jemison's
flight proved
985
00:46:33.367 --> 00:46:36.367
that the American dream
could be possible for anyone,
986
00:46:36.367 --> 00:46:39.166
regardless of race or gender.
987
00:46:39.166 --> 00:46:42.367
But it was in sharp contrast
to the systemic racism
988
00:46:42.367 --> 00:46:45.266
that still haunts
the nation today.
989
00:46:45.266 --> 00:46:47.500
[Hakeem] When we had
Victor Glover go up recently,
990
00:46:47.567 --> 00:46:49.099
this is the same year
we have the killing
of George Floyd
991
00:46:49.099 --> 00:46:50.600
this is the same year
we have the killing
of George Floyd
992
00:46:50.667 --> 00:46:54.300
and civil unrest around race.
993
00:46:54.367 --> 00:46:56.066
We keep repeating
the same old thing.
994
00:46:57.300 --> 00:46:59.767
For most Black people
who are not Victor Glover,
995
00:46:59.767 --> 00:47:03.467
our feet were never more
firmly planted on the ground.
996
00:47:03.467 --> 00:47:07.567
There was no escaping
the reality under
which we were living.
997
00:47:07.567 --> 00:47:11.000
And so there's this contrast
between
998
00:47:11.000 --> 00:47:12.867
what he's experiencing
999
00:47:12.867 --> 00:47:16.600
and what every other
Black person is experiencing.
1000
00:47:17.800 --> 00:47:19.099
[Hakeem]
It's almost as if the universe
is telling us,
1001
00:47:19.099 --> 00:47:20.166
[Hakeem]
It's almost as if the universe
is telling us,
1002
00:47:20.166 --> 00:47:22.166
"Sure, shoot for the stars,
1003
00:47:22.166 --> 00:47:24.667
but you guys better
get your act together,
1004
00:47:24.667 --> 00:47:27.367
because as we go out there..."
What did they say?
1005
00:47:27.367 --> 00:47:29.800
"There's no justice.
It's just us."
1006
00:47:29.867 --> 00:47:33.367
Right?
It's just us out there.
1007
00:47:33.367 --> 00:47:37.400
I think people get
along better in space
than they do on Earth.
1008
00:47:38.500 --> 00:47:40.000
[Charles]
When you train with people
1009
00:47:40.066 --> 00:47:43.200
and you understand that
your life depends on them,
1010
00:47:43.266 --> 00:47:45.900
man, you forget about color
and gender
1011
00:47:45.967 --> 00:47:48.967
and sexual persuasion
and all that stuff.
1012
00:47:48.967 --> 00:47:49.099
You're mission-focused.
1013
00:47:49.099 --> 00:47:50.967
You're mission-focused.
1014
00:47:50.967 --> 00:47:54.266
[Joan] If we can make it work
250 miles above the Earth,
1015
00:47:54.266 --> 00:47:58.767
we can certainly make it
work on terra firma.
1016
00:47:58.767 --> 00:48:02.867
[narrator] Joan Higginbotham
was selected
to be an astronaut in 1996,
1017
00:48:02.867 --> 00:48:06.367
and in 2006 became the third
African-American woman
1018
00:48:06.367 --> 00:48:11.100
to fly to space
after Mae Jemison
and Stephanie Wilson.
1019
00:48:11.166 --> 00:48:15.900
The Astronaut Corps
has become more inclusive.
1020
00:48:15.967 --> 00:48:18.600
I think they still have
a little ways to go,
I can tell you that.
1021
00:48:18.667 --> 00:48:19.099
When I flew in 2006
1022
00:48:19.099 --> 00:48:20.767
When I flew in 2006
1023
00:48:20.767 --> 00:48:23.867
and we were getting
our clothes for the flight,
1024
00:48:23.867 --> 00:48:26.500
the pants were like
men's size.
1025
00:48:26.567 --> 00:48:27.767
I'm like, "Really?
1026
00:48:27.767 --> 00:48:31.266
This is 2006,
and you're making me wear
1027
00:48:31.266 --> 00:48:33.667
a pair of pants built
for a man."
1028
00:48:35.100 --> 00:48:37.867
Hopefully, they'll start
to move at a more rapid pace
1029
00:48:37.867 --> 00:48:42.200
as the world moves
at a more rapid pace
for inclusivity.
1030
00:48:42.266 --> 00:48:44.367
[narrator] Two years
after Joan Higginbotham,
1031
00:48:44.367 --> 00:48:48.600
Leland Melvin was selected
to be an astronaut
and flew to space twice,
1032
00:48:48.667 --> 00:48:49.099
in 2008 and 2009.
1033
00:48:49.099 --> 00:48:50.867
in 2008 and 2009.
1034
00:48:52.300 --> 00:48:55.867
[Leland] I was the only
African-American
astronaut in my class.
1035
00:48:55.867 --> 00:48:59.367
What really kind of got me
unnerved
1036
00:48:59.367 --> 00:49:03.000
was when one of my classmates
was calling me "boy".
1037
00:49:03.066 --> 00:49:04.667
We were equals.
We were the same.
1038
00:49:04.667 --> 00:49:08.000
We were both
1998 astronaut class.
1039
00:49:08.066 --> 00:49:10.367
I've had too many people fight
1040
00:49:10.367 --> 00:49:12.266
during the civil rights
movement
1041
00:49:12.266 --> 00:49:15.567
to not be called boy
as a man.
1042
00:49:15.567 --> 00:49:19.099
[narrator] In 2009,
President Barack Obama
appointed Charles Bolden
1043
00:49:19.099 --> 00:49:19.767
[narrator] In 2009,
President Barack Obama
appointed Charles Bolden
1044
00:49:19.767 --> 00:49:22.266
to the position
of NASA Administrator,
1045
00:49:22.266 --> 00:49:25.300
making him the first
African-American
to hold the title.
1046
00:49:26.467 --> 00:49:28.867
From segregated South Carolina
1047
00:49:30.300 --> 00:49:33.467
to one of the most esteemed
positions in the world,
1048
00:49:35.367 --> 00:49:37.000
Charlie Bolden did that,
1049
00:49:37.066 --> 00:49:40.166
and it meant a lot
to many people.
1050
00:49:40.166 --> 00:49:42.400
[Charles] Among the things
that I was really passionate
1051
00:49:42.467 --> 00:49:45.266
about was getting NASA
at the upper level
1052
00:49:45.266 --> 00:49:47.500
to look more like America.
1053
00:49:47.567 --> 00:49:48.800
And everybody in the agency,
1054
00:49:48.867 --> 00:49:49.099
all 18,000 employees
and 40,000 contractors knew
1055
00:49:49.099 --> 00:49:52.500
all 18,000 employees
and 40,000 contractors knew
1056
00:49:52.567 --> 00:49:54.367
that the diversity champion
for the agency
1057
00:49:54.367 --> 00:49:56.567
was Charlie Bolden,
who was the administrator.
1058
00:49:57.767 --> 00:49:59.800
If you look at my class,
and that's the first time
1059
00:49:59.867 --> 00:50:02.567
that NASA has selected
a class of astronaut
candidates
1060
00:50:02.567 --> 00:50:04.367
that was half men,
and half women.
1061
00:50:04.367 --> 00:50:05.900
And so I think, you know,
1062
00:50:05.900 --> 00:50:08.867
looking from the Mercury Seven
to the 2013 class
of astronauts,
1063
00:50:08.867 --> 00:50:11.600
you can see the progression.
1064
00:50:11.667 --> 00:50:14.166
It's a reflection
of the time.
1065
00:50:14.166 --> 00:50:16.000
[narrator] Another reflection
of the times.
1066
00:50:16.000 --> 00:50:18.100
[protesters]
Black Lives Matter!
1067
00:50:18.100 --> 00:50:19.099
[narrator] In 2013,
the Black Lives Matter
movement
1068
00:50:19.099 --> 00:50:21.066
[narrator] In 2013,
the Black Lives Matter
movement
1069
00:50:21.066 --> 00:50:22.367
was formed to protest
1070
00:50:22.367 --> 00:50:24.367
the acquittal
of George Zimmerman,
1071
00:50:24.367 --> 00:50:27.400
who shot unarmed
Black teenager Trayvon Martin.
1072
00:50:29.700 --> 00:50:31.467
[man struggling]
1073
00:50:31.467 --> 00:50:34.867
[narrator] The movement grew
in 2014 after Eric Garner,
1074
00:50:34.867 --> 00:50:37.900
Michael Brown and others
were killed by police,
1075
00:50:37.967 --> 00:50:42.467
igniting huge
nationwide protests
that continued for years.
1076
00:50:42.467 --> 00:50:44.900
Most people's
first introduction to like
1077
00:50:44.967 --> 00:50:46.667
the systemic nature
of police violence,
1078
00:50:46.667 --> 00:50:48.967
I think that was 2014.
It was mine.
1079
00:50:48.967 --> 00:50:49.099
I knew the police
weren't great.
1080
00:50:49.099 --> 00:50:50.333
I knew the police
weren't great.
1081
00:50:50.367 --> 00:50:52.767
I didn't know they
were killing people all
across the country.
1082
00:50:52.767 --> 00:50:55.266
The work
of police violence is like
the day-to-day work I do.
1083
00:50:55.266 --> 00:50:57.967
So I had been able
to be a part of that process
1084
00:50:57.967 --> 00:50:59.166
day in and day out,
1085
00:50:59.166 --> 00:51:00.767
all around the country
and world.
1086
00:51:00.767 --> 00:51:02.367
Across the country,
1087
00:51:02.367 --> 00:51:05.300
people rallied over the deaths
of two Black men shot
and killed by police.
1088
00:51:05.367 --> 00:51:08.367
Activist DeRay Mckesson's
arrest was all caught
on camera...
1089
00:51:08.367 --> 00:51:09.467
[DeRay]
I'm under arrest, y'all.
1090
00:51:09.467 --> 00:51:11.300
[officer] Don't fight me.
Don't fight me.
1091
00:51:11.300 --> 00:51:14.867
[newsreader] ...when Mckesson
was picked up on a charge
of obstructing a highway.
1092
00:51:16.367 --> 00:51:19.099
[narrator] In different ways,
DeRay Mckesson
and Victor Glover
1093
00:51:19.099 --> 00:51:20.000
[narrator] In different ways,
DeRay Mckesson
and Victor Glover
1094
00:51:20.000 --> 00:51:22.266
each represent
a new generation,
1095
00:51:22.266 --> 00:51:25.100
one on Earth
and one in space,
1096
00:51:25.166 --> 00:51:26.867
working to build
a better future.
1097
00:51:28.166 --> 00:51:30.166
And there are others
who are also looking
1098
00:51:30.166 --> 00:51:33.800
to transform society
from a completely different
vantage point.
1099
00:51:35.367 --> 00:51:37.700
The space billionaires.
1100
00:51:37.767 --> 00:51:42.266
They arrived on the scene
with massive wealth and egos.
1101
00:51:42.266 --> 00:51:45.867
But will their bold visions go
beyond their exclusive worlds?
1102
00:51:45.867 --> 00:51:47.400
[man] Welcome back,
Bill Shepherd.
1103
00:51:47.467 --> 00:51:49.099
[narrator]
To become a bellwether
for inclusivity?
1104
00:51:49.099 --> 00:51:49.667
[narrator]
To become a bellwether
for inclusivity?
1105
00:51:51.100 --> 00:51:54.867
Or will they favor privilege
over projects and leave behind
1106
00:51:54.867 --> 00:51:57.400
untapped talent
who are ready for change?
1107
00:52:01.166 --> 00:52:02.667
[crowd applauding]
1108
00:52:05.800 --> 00:52:09.200
As the space shuttle nears
its scheduled retirement,
1109
00:52:09.266 --> 00:52:12.367
we will work
with a growing array
of private companies
1110
00:52:12.367 --> 00:52:16.567
competing to make
getting to space easier
and more affordable.
1111
00:52:16.567 --> 00:52:17.667
[crowd applauding]
1112
00:52:17.667 --> 00:52:19.266
I recognize that
some have said
1113
00:52:19.266 --> 00:52:21.166
it is unfeasible
or unwise to work
1114
00:52:21.166 --> 00:52:22.667
with the private sector
in this way.
1115
00:52:24.166 --> 00:52:26.567
I disagree.
1116
00:52:26.567 --> 00:52:30.183
[narrator]
The space billionaires
Jeff Bezos, Richard Branson,
1117
00:52:30.183 --> 00:52:30.900
[narrator]
The space billionaires
Jeff Bezos, Richard Branson,
1118
00:52:30.967 --> 00:52:36.000
and Elon Musk
are pioneering the transition
to privatizing space.
1119
00:52:36.066 --> 00:52:39.266
They created
some of the biggest
corporations in the world.
1120
00:52:39.266 --> 00:52:44.300
Amazon, Tesla,
PayPal, and Virgin.
1121
00:52:44.367 --> 00:52:48.200
Today, instead of nations
competing against each other,
1122
00:52:48.266 --> 00:52:50.700
like we saw
in the Cold War space race
1123
00:52:50.767 --> 00:52:53.100
between the United States
and the Soviet Union,
1124
00:52:53.100 --> 00:52:55.967
we're seeing companies
compete against each other,
1125
00:52:55.967 --> 00:52:59.500
driving down the cost,
increasing access to space,
1126
00:52:59.567 --> 00:53:00.183
making it more efficient
in a sort of a new space race.
1127
00:53:00.183 --> 00:53:03.667
making it more efficient
in a sort of a new space race.
1128
00:53:03.667 --> 00:53:06.667
[narrator] President Obama's
bet on the private industry
paid off.
1129
00:53:08.166 --> 00:53:10.000
These companies
have been responsible
1130
00:53:10.000 --> 00:53:14.400
for some of the greatest leaps
forward in space technology
in modern history.
1131
00:53:15.467 --> 00:53:17.266
We demonstrated
that it's possible.
1132
00:53:17.266 --> 00:53:21.967
We now know without any doubt
that you can build
a reusable rocket booster.
1133
00:53:21.967 --> 00:53:23.767
[narrator]
The space billionaires
proclaimed
1134
00:53:23.767 --> 00:53:25.967
that their technological
advancements
1135
00:53:25.967 --> 00:53:28.066
would lay the groundwork
for a future
1136
00:53:28.066 --> 00:53:30.183
in which millions of people
would be living
and working in space.
1137
00:53:30.183 --> 00:53:32.467
in which millions of people
would be living
and working in space.
1138
00:53:32.467 --> 00:53:35.700
[Richard] I assumed that
I would be an astronaut
one day.
1139
00:53:35.767 --> 00:53:39.400
So in 1991,
I went and registered the name
Virgin Galactic Airways.
1140
00:53:41.100 --> 00:53:43.100
[Jeff] We're going to build
a road to space.
1141
00:53:43.100 --> 00:53:45.467
Heavy industry
and all the polluting
industry,
1142
00:53:45.467 --> 00:53:47.467
all the things that are
damaging our planet,
1143
00:53:47.467 --> 00:53:49.667
those will be done off Earth.
1144
00:53:49.667 --> 00:53:51.967
The reason I started SpaceX
back in 2002
1145
00:53:51.967 --> 00:53:54.100
was really just to help us
get to Mars.
1146
00:53:55.667 --> 00:53:58.667
[Leland] Elon Musk,
he's got this vision.
1147
00:53:58.667 --> 00:54:00.183
Some of those innovations
that he's making now
1148
00:54:00.183 --> 00:54:01.100
Some of those innovations
that he's making now
1149
00:54:01.166 --> 00:54:04.200
could be a spinoff
to some other technology
1150
00:54:04.266 --> 00:54:06.200
that could be a game-changer
1151
00:54:06.266 --> 00:54:08.400
for all human beings
on this planet.
1152
00:54:11.166 --> 00:54:13.800
[narrator] SpaceX took
the lead on human spaceflight,
1153
00:54:13.867 --> 00:54:15.266
launching three NASA crews
1154
00:54:15.266 --> 00:54:17.400
to the International
Space Station
1155
00:54:17.467 --> 00:54:21.600
before Richard Branson
or Jeff Bezos
got off the ground.
1156
00:54:21.667 --> 00:54:24.300
[Curtis] With Elon Musk,
he's delivered people
to the Space Station
1157
00:54:24.367 --> 00:54:26.066
and he's delivering spacecraft
1158
00:54:26.066 --> 00:54:28.567
that are going to have some
lasting value.
1159
00:54:28.567 --> 00:54:30.183
But with the other two,
1160
00:54:30.183 --> 00:54:30.667
But with the other two,
1161
00:54:30.667 --> 00:54:33.467
I think that it's primarily
a vanity program.
1162
00:54:36.667 --> 00:54:38.667
[narrator] Richard Branson
became the second space
1163
00:54:38.667 --> 00:54:41.000
billionaire to get humans
to space,
1164
00:54:41.066 --> 00:54:42.367
when he launched himself
1165
00:54:42.367 --> 00:54:43.900
and three of his employees
1166
00:54:43.967 --> 00:54:46.166
aboard his Virgin Galactic
space plane.
1167
00:54:47.367 --> 00:54:50.066
People are just incredibly
anxious about
1168
00:54:50.066 --> 00:54:52.600
what's going on here on Earth,
1169
00:54:52.667 --> 00:54:57.100
and yet you have these
billionaire spacemen
blasting off to space.
1170
00:54:57.166 --> 00:54:58.767
Ladies and gentlemen,
1171
00:54:58.767 --> 00:55:00.183
this here
is Sir Richard Branson,
astronaut.
1172
00:55:00.183 --> 00:55:03.567
this here
is Sir Richard Branson,
astronaut.
1173
00:55:03.567 --> 00:55:04.900
[crowd cheering]
1174
00:55:07.467 --> 00:55:09.600
[Curtis] Now you can say
that you went into space,
1175
00:55:09.667 --> 00:55:12.266
but saying that
you're an astronaut,
I don't know.
1176
00:55:13.367 --> 00:55:14.667
That to me is a...
1177
00:55:14.667 --> 00:55:16.800
um, a horse
of a different color.
1178
00:55:18.667 --> 00:55:21.767
[narrator]
When Bezos and his crew
finally launched to space,
1179
00:55:21.767 --> 00:55:24.000
he gave
one seat to Wally Funk,
1180
00:55:24.000 --> 00:55:27.367
who was a member
of the Mercury 13
Band of Women,
1181
00:55:27.367 --> 00:55:30.183
who were denied access
to space in the 1960s.
1182
00:55:30.183 --> 00:55:30.467
who were denied access
to space in the 1960s.
1183
00:55:33.266 --> 00:55:36.467
Only one
of the Mercury 13 women
1184
00:55:36.467 --> 00:55:38.300
to actually get into space.
1185
00:55:38.367 --> 00:55:39.667
Good payback.
1186
00:55:39.667 --> 00:55:42.266
Wally Funk finally
getting her dream.
1187
00:55:42.266 --> 00:55:47.367
Every launch,
they put somebody on board
that made us all tune in.
1188
00:55:47.367 --> 00:55:48.867
I'm going up into space.
1189
00:55:48.867 --> 00:55:51.567
I don't know how many people
can say that.
1190
00:55:51.567 --> 00:55:53.200
[Michael]
I just want to see the Earth
1191
00:55:53.266 --> 00:55:55.166
from that perspective
and understand
1192
00:55:55.166 --> 00:55:59.200
how small of a part
we are of something so large.
1193
00:55:59.266 --> 00:56:00.183
Michael Strahan seems like
a great guy,
1194
00:56:00.183 --> 00:56:01.867
Michael Strahan seems like
a great guy,
1195
00:56:01.867 --> 00:56:04.700
but I think he was used
just like the rest of them
1196
00:56:04.767 --> 00:56:08.400
to get publicity
for the vanity space program.
1197
00:56:08.467 --> 00:56:10.066
[Leland]
When you bring up celebrities,
1198
00:56:10.066 --> 00:56:11.600
the cameras come,
1199
00:56:11.600 --> 00:56:14.867
there's more exposure
and there is more
little Black kids
1200
00:56:14.867 --> 00:56:17.900
who may say,
"Hey, Michael Strahan went up.
1201
00:56:17.967 --> 00:56:21.667
I can do that
because I see someone
who looks like me
1202
00:56:21.667 --> 00:56:23.367
and they're up there
and they're doing it."
1203
00:56:25.000 --> 00:56:27.500
[narrator]
Having the gatekeepers
1204
00:56:27.567 --> 00:56:30.183
of space be billionaires
1205
00:56:30.183 --> 00:56:30.767
of space be billionaires
1206
00:56:30.767 --> 00:56:34.066
and them being able to choose
who gets to go in a rocket
1207
00:56:34.066 --> 00:56:37.600
and who gets to go up,
they are creating right now
1208
00:56:37.667 --> 00:56:39.200
what could be called
a space class.
1209
00:56:39.266 --> 00:56:40.767
And the...
1210
00:56:40.767 --> 00:56:43.467
the difficult thing behind
the space class
1211
00:56:43.467 --> 00:56:45.400
is it's behind a paywall.
1212
00:56:45.467 --> 00:56:49.000
And the paywall
is astronomical.
1213
00:56:49.000 --> 00:56:51.567
[Christian] Virgin Galactic
announced their new price
1214
00:56:51.567 --> 00:56:55.367
of $450,000 after Blue Origin
1215
00:56:55.367 --> 00:56:58.567
had auctioned off a seat
on that first flight,
1216
00:56:58.567 --> 00:57:00.183
and it went for $28 million.
1217
00:57:00.183 --> 00:57:01.266
and it went for $28 million.
1218
00:57:01.266 --> 00:57:03.967
And we're seeing some
extremely wealthy people
1219
00:57:03.967 --> 00:57:07.367
who are willing to pay
a lot of money
to get to space.
1220
00:57:07.367 --> 00:57:09.066
[crowd cheering]
1221
00:57:09.066 --> 00:57:11.567
[narrator]
On September 15, 2021,
1222
00:57:11.567 --> 00:57:14.100
SpaceX launched Inspiration4,
1223
00:57:14.100 --> 00:57:17.567
a mission privately
funded by billionaire
Jared Isaacman.
1224
00:57:17.567 --> 00:57:19.967
It marked the first time
that private citizens
1225
00:57:19.967 --> 00:57:21.700
orbited all the way
around the Earth.
1226
00:57:21.767 --> 00:57:23.266
And copy that, SpaceX.
1227
00:57:23.266 --> 00:57:25.066
[Ahmed]
The danger lies in the fact
1228
00:57:25.066 --> 00:57:27.667
that whenever you
privatize anything,
1229
00:57:27.667 --> 00:57:30.183
the focus of that
private company
1230
00:57:30.183 --> 00:57:31.166
the focus of that
private company
1231
00:57:31.166 --> 00:57:34.800
and that private corporation
is capital.
1232
00:57:34.867 --> 00:57:38.767
'Cause I can't see
what the end process
is except making money.
1233
00:57:38.767 --> 00:57:42.967
And think of what that money
could do on Earth.
1234
00:57:42.967 --> 00:57:44.066
I don't see it that way.
1235
00:57:44.066 --> 00:57:46.900
What I see is the creation
of a new infrastructure.
1236
00:57:46.967 --> 00:57:51.567
What they have done
is they've reduced the cost
of access to space.
1237
00:57:51.567 --> 00:57:53.967
So if we compare that to,
say, the invention of cars
1238
00:57:53.967 --> 00:57:55.500
and the invention
of airplanes,
1239
00:57:55.567 --> 00:57:57.567
even though today
the average person
1240
00:57:57.567 --> 00:58:00.066
has an automobile
and the average person
1241
00:58:00.066 --> 00:58:00.183
can buy a plane ticket,
it didn't start out that way.
1242
00:58:00.183 --> 00:58:02.567
can buy a plane ticket,
it didn't start out that way.
1243
00:58:02.567 --> 00:58:04.700
So we're at the very
beginning of this,
1244
00:58:04.767 --> 00:58:08.500
but yet we already see
that they are aware
that eyes are on them.
1245
00:58:09.767 --> 00:58:15.200
We have to be able
to have some kind of a say
in what they do.
1246
00:58:15.266 --> 00:58:18.467
I want to thank
every Amazon employee
1247
00:58:18.467 --> 00:58:20.667
and every Amazon customer
1248
00:58:20.667 --> 00:58:23.567
'cause you guys paid
for all of this.
1249
00:58:23.567 --> 00:58:29.166
[narrator] The median salary
of an Amazon worker
in 2020 was $29,000,
1250
00:58:29.166 --> 00:58:30.183
while Bezos had an estimated
$200 billion fortune.
1251
00:58:30.183 --> 00:58:34.200
while Bezos had an estimated
$200 billion fortune.
1252
00:58:34.266 --> 00:58:36.767
[Curtis] Why wouldn't you
take some of that money
1253
00:58:36.767 --> 00:58:40.000
and raise the wages
and the conditions
of the people
1254
00:58:40.000 --> 00:58:41.367
that you have working for you?
1255
00:58:42.600 --> 00:58:45.166
There is that saying,
"No publicity
is bad publicity."
1256
00:58:45.166 --> 00:58:48.266
Well, listen, Blue Origin's
really took that to the limit
1257
00:58:48.266 --> 00:58:50.967
because they... Look,
Jeff Bezos was getting made
1258
00:58:50.967 --> 00:58:54.166
so much fun of by the way
he looked,
1259
00:58:54.166 --> 00:58:56.166
by the way his spacecraft
looked.
1260
00:58:56.166 --> 00:58:57.867
The SNL sketch was
was hilarious.
1261
00:58:57.867 --> 00:59:00.183
They were making fun of,
you know, Jeff Bezos,
1262
00:59:00.183 --> 00:59:00.867
They were making fun of,
you know, Jeff Bezos,
1263
00:59:00.867 --> 00:59:02.867
and Elon Musk,
and Richard Branson.
1264
00:59:02.867 --> 00:59:05.600
[man] Just sort of fly
around space, goofing off,
1265
00:59:05.667 --> 00:59:08.367
in a ship that
looks like a penis.
1266
00:59:08.367 --> 00:59:10.467
I mean, it is funny.
1267
00:59:10.467 --> 00:59:11.900
So, look, they're the space
billionaires.
1268
00:59:11.967 --> 00:59:13.000
They're going to get it.
1269
00:59:13.066 --> 00:59:14.800
Anytime people have that
amount of money
1270
00:59:14.867 --> 00:59:17.967
and you use it
to go into space,
you're going to get it.
1271
00:59:17.967 --> 00:59:21.367
The public is able to rejoin
that civic conversation
1272
00:59:21.367 --> 00:59:24.767
in a way through social media
to push back.
1273
00:59:24.767 --> 00:59:26.467
As these companies mature,
1274
00:59:26.467 --> 00:59:30.183
I think you'll see
a lot more equity, diversity,
and inclusion.
1275
00:59:30.183 --> 00:59:30.867
I think you'll see
a lot more equity, diversity,
and inclusion.
1276
00:59:30.867 --> 00:59:32.400
[narrator]
As the space billionaires
1277
00:59:32.467 --> 00:59:34.000
were reaching
for new heights...
1278
00:59:34.000 --> 00:59:35.166
[tense music playing]
1279
00:59:36.700 --> 00:59:37.800
[narrator]
...back down on Earth,
1280
00:59:37.867 --> 00:59:39.767
American Society was grappling
1281
00:59:39.767 --> 00:59:42.567
with one of its lowest points
in modern history.
1282
00:59:42.567 --> 00:59:43.667
[protester] What do you want?
1283
00:59:43.667 --> 00:59:44.867
[protesters] Justice!
1284
00:59:44.867 --> 00:59:46.166
[intense music playing]
1285
00:59:46.166 --> 00:59:48.667
[protesters screaming]
1286
00:59:52.367 --> 00:59:54.000
[reporter]
Live from the Kennedy
Space Center
1287
00:59:54.066 --> 00:59:55.400
at Cape Canaveral, Florida,
1288
00:59:55.467 --> 00:59:58.600
a new era in space exploration
is underway.
1289
00:59:58.667 --> 01:00:00.734
[narrator] On May 30th, 2020,
1290
01:00:00.734 --> 01:00:04.000
Elon Musk and his grand vision
called SpaceX,
1291
01:00:04.000 --> 01:00:09.800
prepared to make history
as the first private company
to launch humans into space.
1292
01:00:09.867 --> 01:00:12.000
[officer] Put your [bleep]
hands up right now.
1293
01:00:12.000 --> 01:00:13.900
[narrator] But the event
was overshadowed
1294
01:00:13.967 --> 01:00:17.567
when five days earlier,
George Floyd, a Black man,
1295
01:00:17.567 --> 01:00:19.519
was killed by a white
Minneapolis police officer.
1296
01:00:19.519 --> 01:00:20.200
was killed by a white
Minneapolis police officer.
1297
01:00:21.867 --> 01:00:22.967
[George breathes heavily]
1298
01:00:22.967 --> 01:00:24.066
[officer] What do you want?
1299
01:00:24.066 --> 01:00:25.867
[George] I can't breathe.
1300
01:00:25.867 --> 01:00:27.800
[woman 1] How long
y'all gotta hold him down?
1301
01:00:27.867 --> 01:00:30.000
[narrator]
The gut-wrenching encounter
was filmed
1302
01:00:30.066 --> 01:00:33.300
by a crowd of bystanders
and went viral.
1303
01:00:33.367 --> 01:00:35.367
[man] He's not even
resisting arrest
right now, bro.
1304
01:00:35.367 --> 01:00:37.166
-[woman 1]
His nose is bleeding.
-[woman 2] Yeah, stop.
1305
01:00:37.166 --> 01:00:39.100
[man] You're stopping
his breathing right now, bro.
1306
01:00:39.166 --> 01:00:40.367
You think that's cool?
1307
01:00:43.467 --> 01:00:44.867
The video of George Floyd
comes out.
1308
01:00:44.867 --> 01:00:46.467
I was recovering from COVID,
1309
01:00:46.467 --> 01:00:48.667
but I remember like
I watched it on my phone.
1310
01:00:48.667 --> 01:00:49.519
I, like, watch most things
on my phone
1311
01:00:49.519 --> 01:00:50.400
I, like, watch most things
on my phone
1312
01:00:50.467 --> 01:00:53.367
and I watched it
on my phone and it was like,
"Ooh, this is bad."
1313
01:00:54.500 --> 01:00:59.166
I was at home when I saw
the George Floyd recording.
1314
01:00:59.166 --> 01:01:00.767
I was just sick.
1315
01:01:01.767 --> 01:01:02.967
I didn't see all of it.
1316
01:01:04.266 --> 01:01:06.900
I saw the beginning
and then I had to stop.
1317
01:01:07.900 --> 01:01:09.166
Uh...
1318
01:01:09.166 --> 01:01:10.367
It was, uh...
1319
01:01:10.367 --> 01:01:11.467
it was awful.
1320
01:01:14.467 --> 01:01:15.567
It's very painful.
1321
01:01:16.900 --> 01:01:19.519
Um, it was equal parts
shocking and not surprising.
1322
01:01:19.519 --> 01:01:22.166
Um, it was equal parts
shocking and not surprising.
1323
01:01:24.734 --> 01:01:26.867
You know,
being Black in this country,
1324
01:01:26.867 --> 01:01:28.567
especially being
a Black man in this country,
1325
01:01:28.567 --> 01:01:31.000
I've experienced, especially
with law enforcement
1326
01:01:31.066 --> 01:01:34.500
since I was, you know,
11, 12 years old, you know?
1327
01:01:35.867 --> 01:01:36.967
[Leland]
I'll never forget this.
1328
01:01:36.967 --> 01:01:39.166
Driving and there
was a police officer there
1329
01:01:39.166 --> 01:01:40.266
and he stopped me.
1330
01:01:40.266 --> 01:01:43.967
And I say,
"I don't have any drugs, guns.
1331
01:01:45.200 --> 01:01:47.166
I'm a law-abiding citizen.
1332
01:01:47.166 --> 01:01:48.600
Please don't shoot me."
1333
01:01:50.066 --> 01:01:51.300
You know, I went to space.
1334
01:01:51.367 --> 01:01:53.100
We've lost people
before in space.
1335
01:01:53.166 --> 01:01:55.100
I was afraid of this.
1336
01:01:55.166 --> 01:01:56.166
Not that.
1337
01:01:57.500 --> 01:01:58.667
[sobbing]
1338
01:02:03.200 --> 01:02:04.467
I'm sorry.
1339
01:02:04.467 --> 01:02:08.967
[Don]
Everyone I saw on that video
had some empathy,
1340
01:02:10.100 --> 01:02:13.000
saw the humanity,
except for the...
1341
01:02:13.066 --> 01:02:15.467
the police officers
who were there.
1342
01:02:15.467 --> 01:02:17.667
Because they've been
getting away with it,
1343
01:02:17.667 --> 01:02:19.519
with it for decade,
after decade, after decade.
1344
01:02:19.519 --> 01:02:21.567
with it for decade,
after decade, after decade.
1345
01:02:23.667 --> 01:02:25.367
[narrator]
A week after Floyd's death,
1346
01:02:25.367 --> 01:02:27.767
astronaut Victor Glover
was in the final months
1347
01:02:27.767 --> 01:02:30.066
of his training
to become the first Black man
1348
01:02:30.066 --> 01:02:34.166
to fly a long duration mission
to the International
Space Station.
1349
01:02:34.166 --> 01:02:37.567
He posted a tweet
after George Floyd's murder.
1350
01:02:37.567 --> 01:02:40.500
[Victor] My heart is low,
my head is level,
but my faith is high.
1351
01:02:40.567 --> 01:02:42.767
And I think it's okay
to acknowledge that sometimes.
1352
01:02:42.767 --> 01:02:45.166
And I'm getting ready to ride
a rocket into low-Earth orbit.
1353
01:02:45.166 --> 01:02:46.967
And boy, I have a lot
to look forward to.
1354
01:02:46.967 --> 01:02:49.166
And so I wanted to help
encourage others
1355
01:02:49.166 --> 01:02:49.519
that that may not be able
to say that.
1356
01:02:49.519 --> 01:02:52.100
that that may not be able
to say that.
1357
01:02:52.166 --> 01:02:55.266
[Jeffrey] The public expects
astronauts to speak out
1358
01:02:55.266 --> 01:03:00.367
and to make their voices heard
on critical issues of the day.
1359
01:03:01.600 --> 01:03:03.066
I am heartbroken.
1360
01:03:03.066 --> 01:03:05.066
I am looking
at the juxtaposition
1361
01:03:05.066 --> 01:03:07.400
of doing the most
technologically
1362
01:03:07.467 --> 01:03:10.567
advanced things,
sending people to space,
1363
01:03:10.567 --> 01:03:14.166
but a man dies
in police custody.
1364
01:03:14.166 --> 01:03:15.667
America,
let's get our crap together.
1365
01:03:15.667 --> 01:03:17.567
This is,
this is unsatisfactory.
1366
01:03:17.567 --> 01:03:19.367
We got to stop this.
1367
01:03:19.367 --> 01:03:19.519
With the murder
of George Floyd,
1368
01:03:19.519 --> 01:03:21.567
With the murder
of George Floyd,
1369
01:03:21.567 --> 01:03:23.667
what we saw was a recognition
1370
01:03:23.734 --> 01:03:26.767
that all of the things
that Black people
had been saying,
1371
01:03:26.767 --> 01:03:29.400
that all of the things
we've been chanting,
1372
01:03:29.467 --> 01:03:34.100
as Black Lives Matter
for eight years, were true.
1373
01:03:34.100 --> 01:03:37.367
[narrator] In 2020,
several other
high-profile killings
1374
01:03:37.367 --> 01:03:40.734
occurred in the months before
the death of George Floyd.
1375
01:03:40.734 --> 01:03:43.467
Louisville police shot
and killed Breonna Taylor.
1376
01:03:43.467 --> 01:03:45.066
[news anchor]
Taylor was killed by police
1377
01:03:45.066 --> 01:03:47.967
serving a so-called
no-knock warrant.
1378
01:03:47.967 --> 01:03:49.519
A major new development
tonight in the investigation
1379
01:03:49.519 --> 01:03:50.367
A major new development
tonight in the investigation
1380
01:03:50.367 --> 01:03:52.266
into the killing
of Ahmaud Arbery,
1381
01:03:52.266 --> 01:03:54.066
who was chased down
and shot to death
1382
01:03:54.066 --> 01:03:56.400
while he was jogging
in a Georgia neighborhood.
1383
01:03:56.467 --> 01:03:58.200
There was little progress
in the investigation
1384
01:03:58.266 --> 01:04:01.867
until video of his killing
was released publicly.
1385
01:04:01.867 --> 01:04:03.300
[Don] I remember
the time that I aired
1386
01:04:03.300 --> 01:04:07.600
the Ahmaud Arbery video,
and I actually showed
him being shot by...
1387
01:04:07.667 --> 01:04:11.734
by the shotgun,
in the abdomen.
1388
01:04:11.734 --> 01:04:13.266
And it was...
1389
01:04:13.266 --> 01:04:15.266
I couldn't believe
that that was happening.
1390
01:04:15.266 --> 01:04:16.567
[gunshot]
1391
01:04:22.300 --> 01:04:25.500
As I'm driving to NASA,
1392
01:04:25.567 --> 01:04:28.300
I get to Georgia
and I see this sign,
1393
01:04:28.367 --> 01:04:32.667
Brunswick,
and I'm like, "Wait a minute."
1394
01:04:32.734 --> 01:04:36.667
One of those moments
where the hairs on the back
of your neck stand up.
1395
01:04:36.734 --> 01:04:37.800
That could have been me.
I...
1396
01:04:37.867 --> 01:04:40.266
I jog through neighborhoods
that are white.
1397
01:04:40.266 --> 01:04:44.900
Because he's jogging,
he's not bothering anyone
on his daily run,
1398
01:04:44.967 --> 01:04:48.300
so I never worried about him
jogging, ever.
1399
01:04:48.367 --> 01:04:49.519
And then all of a sudden,
George Floyd happened
1400
01:04:49.519 --> 01:04:50.600
And then all of a sudden,
George Floyd happened
1401
01:04:50.667 --> 01:04:52.567
and that overshadowed
Ahmaud Arbery.
1402
01:04:52.567 --> 01:04:56.367
And then I felt guilty
because I'm not covering
Ahmaud Arbery enough,
1403
01:04:56.367 --> 01:04:58.000
but I have to cover
George Floyd.
1404
01:04:59.000 --> 01:05:01.667
And then Minneapolis,
um, you know,
1405
01:05:01.734 --> 01:05:03.400
with the killing
of George Floyd,
1406
01:05:03.467 --> 01:05:06.266
it was the perfect storm
of like the pandemic.
1407
01:05:06.266 --> 01:05:08.100
People have been inside
and want to come
outside anyway.
1408
01:05:08.166 --> 01:05:09.867
And like, this is a moment
to do it right.
1409
01:05:11.567 --> 01:05:13.200
[reporter] For so many people
to show up
1410
01:05:13.266 --> 01:05:16.800
in support of George Floyd,
I think speaks volumes.
1411
01:05:16.867 --> 01:05:18.200
[DeRay]
The protesters in Minneapolis.
1412
01:05:18.200 --> 01:05:19.519
I think it was actually
their actions that
galvanized people.
1413
01:05:19.519 --> 01:05:21.266
I think it was actually
their actions that
galvanized people.
1414
01:05:21.266 --> 01:05:23.867
It was the people
on the street that I think
spread across the country.
1415
01:05:25.066 --> 01:05:27.266
[reporter] Demonstrations
in dozens of cities,
1416
01:05:27.266 --> 01:05:31.367
tens of thousands of people
packing streets and parks.
1417
01:05:31.367 --> 01:05:34.100
[Joan] It wasn't just
the African-American
community.
1418
01:05:34.100 --> 01:05:35.800
It was everybody.
1419
01:05:35.867 --> 01:05:38.967
And it's going to take
everybody to stop it.
1420
01:05:38.967 --> 01:05:40.567
[news anchor] Demonstrations
are taking place
1421
01:05:40.567 --> 01:05:42.367
around the world
to show solidarity
1422
01:05:42.367 --> 01:05:44.300
for the protests in the US.
1423
01:05:44.367 --> 01:05:46.567
...to show all of them
in America
1424
01:05:46.567 --> 01:05:48.200
that we stand with them.
1425
01:05:48.266 --> 01:05:49.519
[crowd applauding]
1426
01:05:49.519 --> 01:05:49.867
[crowd applauding]
1427
01:05:49.867 --> 01:05:52.867
When I saw a report about
a group in Germany
1428
01:05:52.867 --> 01:05:55.500
that was chanting the name
George Floyd,
1429
01:05:55.567 --> 01:05:56.667
that really sat with me,
1430
01:05:56.734 --> 01:05:59.000
that... that really made me
stop and think,
1431
01:05:59.000 --> 01:06:00.266
"Something is different."
1432
01:06:00.266 --> 01:06:02.767
[protesters]
Black Lives Matter!
1433
01:06:02.767 --> 01:06:06.100
Because of a video,
because of this,
1434
01:06:07.266 --> 01:06:11.000
because of this,
there are no excuses.
1435
01:06:11.066 --> 01:06:15.367
White America
is now actually seeing
1436
01:06:15.367 --> 01:06:17.767
what we have been
talking about.
1437
01:06:18.900 --> 01:06:19.519
There are no protests
without a broad section
1438
01:06:19.519 --> 01:06:22.100
There are no protests
without a broad section
1439
01:06:22.166 --> 01:06:24.266
of the community
understanding
that there's a problem,
1440
01:06:24.266 --> 01:06:25.800
and being able
to tell that story
1441
01:06:25.867 --> 01:06:27.166
to as many people
as possible,
1442
01:06:27.166 --> 01:06:30.467
it was impossible to tell
that story without Twitter.
1443
01:06:30.467 --> 01:06:33.467
Twitter was the mechanism
by which the word
1444
01:06:33.467 --> 01:06:36.100
traveled faster than
anything else
we could have done.
1445
01:06:37.867 --> 01:06:39.867
[Joan] Why do we go to space
and why do we spend
1446
01:06:39.867 --> 01:06:43.100
all this money on space
when we have
so much down here
1447
01:06:43.100 --> 01:06:46.367
and we can be spending
this money on something else?
1448
01:06:47.567 --> 01:06:49.519
And then you have to think
about all the things
1449
01:06:49.519 --> 01:06:50.567
And then you have to think
about all the things
1450
01:06:50.567 --> 01:06:53.467
that we have garnered
from space
1451
01:06:53.467 --> 01:06:56.767
that have been translated
to us on Earth.
1452
01:06:58.467 --> 01:07:01.467
The camera
in your cell phone came
1453
01:07:01.467 --> 01:07:04.200
because we use
the technology up there
1454
01:07:04.266 --> 01:07:05.900
and we basically
shrink it down
1455
01:07:05.967 --> 01:07:07.266
so you could have it
in your phone.
1456
01:07:07.266 --> 01:07:08.967
How incredible is that?
1457
01:07:08.967 --> 01:07:12.200
And that today
makes everybody a recorder
1458
01:07:12.266 --> 01:07:14.100
and they can record,
unfortunately,
1459
01:07:14.100 --> 01:07:15.867
things like George Floyd.
1460
01:07:15.867 --> 01:07:19.519
But NASA technology plays
a huge part in everything
we do today.
1461
01:07:19.519 --> 01:07:20.200
But NASA technology plays
a huge part in everything
we do today.
1462
01:07:21.367 --> 01:07:22.867
[indistinct chatter]
1463
01:07:22.867 --> 01:07:24.667
Freedom of speech.
1464
01:07:24.734 --> 01:07:26.867
All the things
that we've learned from space
1465
01:07:26.867 --> 01:07:29.066
is really beneficial
and it spreads out
1466
01:07:29.066 --> 01:07:32.266
in our society
in lots of different ways.
1467
01:07:32.266 --> 01:07:37.367
Now, because of cameras,
they can't say,
1468
01:07:37.367 --> 01:07:40.166
"Well, we hear this stuff,
1469
01:07:40.166 --> 01:07:43.667
but I'm not quite sure."
1470
01:07:43.734 --> 01:07:45.000
For decades, we heard that.
1471
01:07:46.100 --> 01:07:48.266
They saw George Floyd.
1472
01:07:48.266 --> 01:07:49.519
We saw the tape
with Rodney King.
1473
01:07:49.519 --> 01:07:51.667
We saw the tape
with Rodney King.
1474
01:07:51.734 --> 01:07:54.567
One of the defining things
about Rodney King and,
1475
01:07:54.567 --> 01:07:56.900
uh, the killing
of George Floyd is that
1476
01:07:56.967 --> 01:07:58.667
both of them
were citizen video.
1477
01:07:58.667 --> 01:08:00.900
So Rodney King, it's a guy
who just has a camera,
1478
01:08:00.967 --> 01:08:04.266
who is in the neighborhood
and sees this thing
and is like, "This is wild."
1479
01:08:04.266 --> 01:08:06.300
First of all,
I was thinking about him.
1480
01:08:06.367 --> 01:08:09.767
You know, "What could
he have done to deserve that?"
1481
01:08:09.767 --> 01:08:13.567
With George Floyd,
who was Darnella Frazier
who had a cell phone.
1482
01:08:13.567 --> 01:08:15.400
[Darnella]
I got this all on camera.
Watch out.
1483
01:08:15.467 --> 01:08:17.400
And that changed everything.
1484
01:08:19.767 --> 01:08:21.166
[Darnella speaking]
1485
01:08:21.166 --> 01:08:24.367
[Gloria]
My overwhelming feeling
was gratitude
1486
01:08:24.367 --> 01:08:27.200
to that young girl
who had the camera,
1487
01:08:27.266 --> 01:08:29.767
who kept the camera on him.
1488
01:08:29.767 --> 01:08:32.166
I mean, she was a witness.
1489
01:08:32.166 --> 01:08:34.300
And as Martin Luther King
said,
1490
01:08:34.367 --> 01:08:36.567
that it's sacred
to have a witness.
1491
01:08:37.900 --> 01:08:39.800
[protesters] I can't breathe!
1492
01:08:39.867 --> 01:08:43.100
[narrator] Bolstered
by undeniable video evidence,
1493
01:08:43.166 --> 01:08:45.100
the fury over the death
of George Floyd
1494
01:08:45.166 --> 01:08:47.100
was about to reach a boiling.
1495
01:08:52.000 --> 01:08:54.567
President Trump today
issued new warnings
for authorities
1496
01:08:54.567 --> 01:08:56.266
to crack down on protesters.
1497
01:08:56.266 --> 01:08:59.200
I am your president
of law and order.
1498
01:08:59.266 --> 01:09:03.967
As far as this problem
of law and order is concerned,
I am for law and order.
1499
01:09:03.967 --> 01:09:07.367
[narrator] In 1968,
Richard Nixon
won the presidency
1500
01:09:07.367 --> 01:09:09.600
on a law-and-order platform.
1501
01:09:09.667 --> 01:09:11.300
[Richard Nixon] It is time
for an honest look
1502
01:09:11.367 --> 01:09:13.600
at the problem of order
in the United States.
1503
01:09:13.667 --> 01:09:16.100
[narrator] Nixon projected
a calm and stable image
1504
01:09:16.166 --> 01:09:20.259
to white voters,
especially during
the racially charged 1960s.
1505
01:09:20.259 --> 01:09:20.467
to white voters,
especially during
the racially charged 1960s.
1506
01:09:20.467 --> 01:09:25.000
In 2020,
President Donald Trump
invoked similar language.
1507
01:09:25.066 --> 01:09:27.834
My administration will stop...
1508
01:09:29.266 --> 01:09:33.500
mob violence
and we'll stop it cold.
1509
01:09:33.567 --> 01:09:35.367
[narrator]
The cycle of unresolved
problems
1510
01:09:35.367 --> 01:09:37.967
present since the civil rights
era continues.
1511
01:09:39.834 --> 01:09:42.000
[Donald Trump]
Radical left criminals, thugs,
1512
01:09:42.000 --> 01:09:49.000
and others will not be allowed
to set communities ablaze.
1513
01:09:49.066 --> 01:09:50.259
[reporter] We're seeing
a disturbing police response.
1514
01:09:50.259 --> 01:09:51.100
[reporter] We're seeing
a disturbing police response.
1515
01:09:52.266 --> 01:09:55.000
Textbook evidence
of excessive force.
1516
01:09:55.066 --> 01:09:59.867
Policing is a fundamentally
corrupt, unjust, brutal,
1517
01:09:59.867 --> 01:10:01.667
and murderous system,
1518
01:10:01.667 --> 01:10:04.500
and we have to transform
the way
1519
01:10:04.567 --> 01:10:07.400
we do public safety
in this country.
1520
01:10:07.467 --> 01:10:10.166
[reporter] A producer got hit
by some sort of projectile.
1521
01:10:10.166 --> 01:10:12.000
We're going to get
to a safe spot here, Don.
1522
01:10:12.000 --> 01:10:13.567
I remember reporting,
the reporter was like,
1523
01:10:13.567 --> 01:10:14.934
"Don, we gotta go.
1524
01:10:14.967 --> 01:10:17.100
Cops are coming in
and they're forcing
people out of the way."
1525
01:10:17.166 --> 01:10:19.600
...don't shoot!
1526
01:10:19.667 --> 01:10:20.259
It is essential
that we protect
the rule of law...
1527
01:10:20.259 --> 01:10:22.300
It is essential
that we protect
the rule of law...
1528
01:10:22.367 --> 01:10:24.400
[sirens blaring]
1529
01:10:24.467 --> 01:10:27.166
...and our independent
system of justice.
1530
01:10:27.166 --> 01:10:28.567
[news anchor] The president
posted the tweet,
1531
01:10:28.567 --> 01:10:31.266
"When the looting starts,
the shooting starts."
1532
01:10:31.266 --> 01:10:32.600
[man] ...don't shoot!
1533
01:10:36.667 --> 01:10:39.967
[narrator] As racial tensions
in America raged on,
1534
01:10:39.967 --> 01:10:42.467
Victor Glover
looked to the stars.
1535
01:10:42.467 --> 01:10:44.767
He was about to become
the first Black man
1536
01:10:44.834 --> 01:10:47.166
to live aboard
the International Space
Station
1537
01:10:47.166 --> 01:10:49.367
and also the first
African-American
1538
01:10:49.367 --> 01:10:50.259
in a new era of private space.
1539
01:10:50.259 --> 01:10:51.734
in a new era of private space.
1540
01:10:51.734 --> 01:10:53.400
[crowd cheering]
1541
01:10:53.467 --> 01:10:55.367
[Victor]
Being the first
African-American assigned
1542
01:10:55.367 --> 01:10:58.400
to a long duration mission
on the Space Station,
1543
01:10:58.467 --> 01:11:00.567
I do feel a sense of pressure,
1544
01:11:00.567 --> 01:11:03.567
uh, and that's just to go
up there and to do my best.
1545
01:11:03.567 --> 01:11:04.834
[crowd applauding]
1546
01:11:06.300 --> 01:11:07.567
[Shannon]
I do think it's important
1547
01:11:07.567 --> 01:11:10.867
that we have such
a diverse crew.
1548
01:11:10.867 --> 01:11:12.667
The crew wasn't selected
with that in mind,
1549
01:11:12.734 --> 01:11:15.200
the crew was selected
for the skills
and capabilities.
1550
01:11:15.266 --> 01:11:19.166
But it is important
and we have sort of
an unofficial
1551
01:11:19.166 --> 01:11:20.259
phrase associated
with our flight,
1552
01:11:20.259 --> 01:11:21.467
phrase associated
with our flight,
1553
01:11:21.467 --> 01:11:23.367
"All for Crew-1
and Crew-1 for all."
1554
01:11:25.867 --> 01:11:30.600
Japanese government
has a nice joint program
with NASA.
1555
01:11:31.767 --> 01:11:34.967
As an astronaut,
regardless of the agency,
1556
01:11:34.967 --> 01:11:36.500
we help each other.
1557
01:11:36.567 --> 01:11:38.600
All for one, one for all,
Crew-1.
1558
01:11:41.567 --> 01:11:44.467
[Michael] The crew
had the opportunity
to name the capsule.
1559
01:11:44.467 --> 01:11:48.200
Resilience just
just fit, it fits the time.
1560
01:11:48.266 --> 01:11:50.259
Clearly, this has been
a difficult year.
1561
01:11:50.259 --> 01:11:50.667
Clearly, this has been
a difficult year.
1562
01:11:50.734 --> 01:11:53.667
And at the same time,
I think everybody has shown
1563
01:11:53.667 --> 01:11:57.000
an amazing resilience through
these difficult times.
1564
01:12:00.066 --> 01:12:01.100
[Victor] Being a rookie,
1565
01:12:01.166 --> 01:12:03.467
my concerns
are what normal concerns
1566
01:12:03.467 --> 01:12:04.967
you would have
if you were going to go
1567
01:12:04.967 --> 01:12:06.834
sit on top of an almost
two-million-pound bomb...
1568
01:12:06.834 --> 01:12:09.000
[dramatic music playing]
1569
01:12:09.000 --> 01:12:11.667
...and launch
up to 400 kilometers
above the ground
1570
01:12:11.667 --> 01:12:13.367
and then stay
there for half a year
1571
01:12:13.367 --> 01:12:14.834
and then do it in reverse.
1572
01:12:14.834 --> 01:12:17.066
And so, yes,
it is inherently a risky job.
1573
01:12:18.100 --> 01:12:20.200
[man on radio]
SpaceX, go for launch.
1574
01:12:20.266 --> 01:12:22.867
[astronaut] SpaceX,
this is Resilience, roger go.
1575
01:12:24.600 --> 01:12:26.100
[announcer] Nine, eight...
1576
01:12:26.166 --> 01:12:29.166
You know, folks like
Ed Dwight, Charlie Bolden,
1577
01:12:29.166 --> 01:12:33.100
Mae Jemison, and Guy Bluford,
and Joan E. Higginbotham,
1578
01:12:33.100 --> 01:12:36.734
they climbed mountains
that I will never
have to climb.
1579
01:12:36.734 --> 01:12:41.967
And I'm getting to start
this journey from a place
that I owe them.
1580
01:12:41.967 --> 01:12:43.667
[announcer] One, zero.
1581
01:12:43.667 --> 01:12:45.000
Ignition.
1582
01:12:45.000 --> 01:12:46.166
Liftoff.
1583
01:12:46.166 --> 01:12:47.767
[triumphant music playing]
1584
01:12:49.667 --> 01:12:50.259
[announcer]
And Resilience rises.
1585
01:12:50.259 --> 01:12:51.767
[announcer]
And Resilience rises.
1586
01:12:51.767 --> 01:12:54.166
Not even gravity
contains humanity
1587
01:12:54.166 --> 01:12:57.000
when we explore
as one for all.
1588
01:12:58.767 --> 01:13:01.300
[Victor] The rocket launch,
getting into orbit,
1589
01:13:01.367 --> 01:13:03.767
seeing the planet
from orbit the first time,
1590
01:13:03.834 --> 01:13:07.300
coming into the expanse
of the International
Space Station.
1591
01:13:07.367 --> 01:13:09.834
[woman] You are go
for approach two and docking.
1592
01:13:11.166 --> 01:13:13.100
[Victor] It has just been
an amazing journey.
1593
01:13:15.600 --> 01:13:18.166
I think it's amazing
that Victor Glover
has gone into space
1594
01:13:18.166 --> 01:13:20.259
and that he should obviously
have more recognition
1595
01:13:20.259 --> 01:13:20.567
and that he should obviously
have more recognition
1596
01:13:20.567 --> 01:13:22.000
than he has, especially
when you consider
1597
01:13:22.000 --> 01:13:26.000
it's only been 17,
or so Black astronauts.
1598
01:13:26.000 --> 01:13:27.367
[protesters] USA!
1599
01:13:27.367 --> 01:13:28.667
USA!
1600
01:13:28.734 --> 01:13:29.867
USA!
1601
01:13:29.867 --> 01:13:31.400
[Don] But I think
it was overshadowed.
1602
01:13:33.166 --> 01:13:35.100
[narrator] Victor Glover
was less than two months
1603
01:13:35.100 --> 01:13:38.667
into his six-month mission
to the International
Space Station,
1604
01:13:38.667 --> 01:13:42.667
when a right wing rally
protesting the outcome
of the 2020 election...
1605
01:13:42.667 --> 01:13:44.200
[indistinct]
1606
01:13:44.266 --> 01:13:46.266
[narrator] ...erupted
into the Capitol insurrection,
1607
01:13:47.900 --> 01:13:50.259
bringing with it parallels
to the 1960s.
1608
01:13:50.259 --> 01:13:51.000
bringing with it parallels
to the 1960s.
1609
01:13:51.000 --> 01:13:52.834
Advancements in space travel
1610
01:13:52.834 --> 01:13:54.667
were once again
not translating
1611
01:13:54.667 --> 01:13:57.667
into advancements
in our society.
1612
01:13:57.734 --> 01:14:00.567
[reporter]
We're seeing protesters
overcome the police.
1613
01:14:03.734 --> 01:14:08.600
What really shocked me
and just took my breath away
was the desecration,
1614
01:14:08.667 --> 01:14:11.900
people walking around
with Confederate flags.
1615
01:14:11.967 --> 01:14:14.166
That was awful.
1616
01:14:14.166 --> 01:14:16.467
[reporter] Trump supporters
walked into the US Capitol
1617
01:14:16.467 --> 01:14:19.000
and police officers
stood and watched.
1618
01:14:19.000 --> 01:14:20.259
[newscaster] Many people,
including Joe Biden,
1619
01:14:20.259 --> 01:14:20.834
[newscaster] Many people,
including Joe Biden,
1620
01:14:20.834 --> 01:14:23.567
have said if this had been
a Black Lives Matter protest
1621
01:14:23.567 --> 01:14:26.000
instead of mostly
white Trump supporters,
1622
01:14:26.066 --> 01:14:29.066
the police response
would have been
dramatically different.
1623
01:14:29.066 --> 01:14:33.000
[Sonequa] This time,
it's so charged,
it's like a stew.
1624
01:14:33.066 --> 01:14:35.567
There's so much strife
and division,
1625
01:14:36.867 --> 01:14:40.000
then there's also so much
opportunity and advancement.
1626
01:14:40.066 --> 01:14:42.734
And it's like
we're standing at this great
precipice of change.
1627
01:14:44.200 --> 01:14:47.467
[Hakeem] Being an American
space fairer in 2020
1628
01:14:47.467 --> 01:14:50.100
had to be a total mind-trip,
1629
01:14:50.166 --> 01:14:50.259
because the country
is changing so fast.
1630
01:14:50.259 --> 01:14:53.000
because the country
is changing so fast.
1631
01:14:53.066 --> 01:14:55.667
There was such
an air of instability.
1632
01:14:55.667 --> 01:14:58.567
You don't even know
if you're going to return
to the same country you left.
1633
01:14:58.567 --> 01:15:01.667
Things could change
drastically while
you're up there.
1634
01:15:02.867 --> 01:15:04.200
While Victor was in space,
1635
01:15:04.266 --> 01:15:06.000
I did have a chance
to talk to him.
1636
01:15:06.000 --> 01:15:08.166
His crew, they knew
that this was going to be
1637
01:15:08.166 --> 01:15:11.834
a pivotal moment
while they were in space.
1638
01:15:11.834 --> 01:15:14.066
[Victor] I'm not immune
from what's going on
in the world
1639
01:15:14.066 --> 01:15:17.300
in terms of the racial justice
and civil rights push,
1640
01:15:17.367 --> 01:15:18.500
as well as the pandemic,
1641
01:15:18.567 --> 01:15:20.259
the physical
and economic insecurity
1642
01:15:20.259 --> 01:15:21.166
the physical
and economic insecurity
1643
01:15:21.166 --> 01:15:22.767
that people are feeling
everywhere.
1644
01:15:24.967 --> 01:15:30.166
I really hope going
to space can unify all people,
especially right now.
1645
01:15:31.834 --> 01:15:36.967
I believe that aerospace
and space flight
have this amazing,
1646
01:15:36.967 --> 01:15:40.066
captivating capability
to get people to see
1647
01:15:40.066 --> 01:15:42.867
what humans are capable
of when we work together
1648
01:15:42.867 --> 01:15:45.567
with or in spite
of our differences.
1649
01:15:45.567 --> 01:15:49.400
And I hope we give them
something to literally
and figuratively look up to.
1650
01:15:54.300 --> 01:15:56.100
When there is unrest on Earth,
1651
01:15:56.100 --> 01:15:58.467
there is something to be said
1652
01:15:58.467 --> 01:16:00.467
for the value
of leaving Earth,
1653
01:16:00.467 --> 01:16:02.500
for the overview effect,
1654
01:16:02.567 --> 01:16:05.667
which is what astronauts
frequently talk about
1655
01:16:05.734 --> 01:16:07.967
when they look down
on the planet,
1656
01:16:07.967 --> 01:16:12.100
all of the debates
and the pettiness
1657
01:16:12.100 --> 01:16:16.066
and the violence of Earth
seems to shrink
to insignificance then.
1658
01:16:17.667 --> 01:16:19.500
[Victor] Looking down
at the world without borders
1659
01:16:19.567 --> 01:16:20.259
and understanding that humans
are all connected,
1660
01:16:20.259 --> 01:16:21.567
and understanding that humans
are all connected,
1661
01:16:21.567 --> 01:16:24.767
it just makes me experience
that connection even more.
1662
01:16:27.567 --> 01:16:29.500
[Hakeem]
The thing that's really
just blows me away
1663
01:16:29.567 --> 01:16:32.734
about America
is that we're so rich,
we're so luxurious.
1664
01:16:32.734 --> 01:16:35.266
We have everything
going for us.
1665
01:16:35.266 --> 01:16:37.667
We're making great leaps
and advances,
1666
01:16:37.734 --> 01:16:39.567
especially in access to space.
1667
01:16:39.567 --> 01:16:42.500
Why are we awash in violence?
1668
01:16:42.567 --> 01:16:43.900
It needs to be changed.
1669
01:16:45.967 --> 01:16:49.567
[narrator]
With battle lines drawn,
can a nation heal?
1670
01:16:49.567 --> 01:16:50.259
[woman screaming]
1671
01:16:50.259 --> 01:16:51.100
[woman screaming]
1672
01:16:54.667 --> 01:16:56.834
[protesters] George Floyd!
1673
01:16:56.834 --> 01:16:58.166
George Floyd!
1674
01:17:00.066 --> 01:17:02.834
Initially,
the city of Minneapolis
1675
01:17:02.834 --> 01:17:04.266
released statements saying
1676
01:17:04.266 --> 01:17:07.367
that George Floyd died
of medical complications,
1677
01:17:07.367 --> 01:17:10.500
until it was exposed.
1678
01:17:10.567 --> 01:17:12.066
What happened?
1679
01:17:12.066 --> 01:17:15.000
The city of Minneapolis
was prepared to lie.
1680
01:17:15.000 --> 01:17:16.500
Did lie.
1681
01:17:16.500 --> 01:17:21.200
The entire system is really
responsible for the murder
of George Floyd.
1682
01:17:21.266 --> 01:17:23.642
Members of the jury,
I understand
you have a verdict.
1683
01:17:23.642 --> 01:17:23.667
Members of the jury,
I understand
you have a verdict.
1684
01:17:23.734 --> 01:17:26.767
[juror] We, the jury,
in the above entitled matter
as to count one,
1685
01:17:26.767 --> 01:17:28.266
unintentional
second-degree murder
1686
01:17:28.266 --> 01:17:31.500
while committing a felony,
find the defendant guilty.
1687
01:17:31.567 --> 01:17:34.266
[narrator] The conviction
of police officer
Derek Chauvin
1688
01:17:34.266 --> 01:17:37.467
in the killing of George Floyd
was a small victory
1689
01:17:37.467 --> 01:17:41.667
in a much larger fight
for social justice
and accountability.
1690
01:17:41.667 --> 01:17:44.166
After two weeks,
a verdict has been reached
1691
01:17:44.166 --> 01:17:46.867
in the trial of the three men
accused of chasing,
1692
01:17:46.867 --> 01:17:49.367
shooting,
and killing Ahmaud Arbery.
1693
01:17:49.367 --> 01:17:53.100
We, the jury,
find the defendant,
Travis McMichael, guilty.
1694
01:17:53.100 --> 01:17:53.642
We, the jury,
find the defendant,
William R Bryan, guilty.
1695
01:17:53.642 --> 01:17:56.567
We, the jury,
find the defendant,
William R Bryan, guilty.
1696
01:17:56.567 --> 01:17:59.667
We, the jury,
find the defendant,
Greg McMichael, guilty.
1697
01:18:02.166 --> 01:18:03.667
[DeRay] You know
what's so interesting
1698
01:18:03.734 --> 01:18:06.066
is for all of the conversation
that changed.
1699
01:18:06.066 --> 01:18:08.000
The police killed
more people in 2020
1700
01:18:08.066 --> 01:18:11.000
than every single year
we have on date except
for 2018.
1701
01:18:11.066 --> 01:18:12.767
That is wild.
1702
01:18:12.767 --> 01:18:14.834
And a reminder
that narrative change
1703
01:18:14.834 --> 01:18:16.834
does not mean
structural change.
1704
01:18:18.867 --> 01:18:21.767
We have made
some steps forward,
1705
01:18:21.834 --> 01:18:23.642
but also some
giant steps backwards.
1706
01:18:23.642 --> 01:18:24.734
but also some
giant steps backwards.
1707
01:18:24.734 --> 01:18:26.967
Legislatures
across the country
1708
01:18:26.967 --> 01:18:29.767
are trying to move
in a direction
of purifying the vote
1709
01:18:29.767 --> 01:18:30.967
so that it's all white.
1710
01:18:32.867 --> 01:18:34.600
The protest
in the streets now,
1711
01:18:34.667 --> 01:18:37.066
I think they're going to have
to escalate for us
1712
01:18:37.066 --> 01:18:39.934
to pass the John Lewis law
and the other laws
1713
01:18:39.934 --> 01:18:41.867
that will help to preserve
our democracy.
1714
01:18:43.367 --> 01:18:45.867
[narrator] The John Lewis
Voting Rights Advancement Act
1715
01:18:45.867 --> 01:18:49.066
seeks to restore protections
against voter discrimination,
1716
01:18:49.066 --> 01:18:51.367
targeting people of color.
1717
01:18:51.367 --> 01:18:52.867
And there have been successes,
1718
01:18:52.867 --> 01:18:53.642
including police reforms
and an anti-lynching bill
1719
01:18:53.642 --> 01:18:56.166
including police reforms
and an anti-lynching bill
1720
01:18:56.166 --> 01:18:59.567
that makes
the crime punishable
by up to 30 years in prison.
1721
01:19:00.667 --> 01:19:02.567
There were 19 states
that passed more
1722
01:19:02.567 --> 01:19:03.934
restrictive use
of force policies.
1723
01:19:03.934 --> 01:19:06.367
There were six states now
who have restricted
1724
01:19:06.367 --> 01:19:08.266
the execution
of no-knock raids.
1725
01:19:09.367 --> 01:19:11.734
We have seen things
happen at a structural level
1726
01:19:11.734 --> 01:19:12.967
in a way
that's really powerful.
1727
01:19:14.166 --> 01:19:15.767
[protesters] We want justice!
1728
01:19:15.834 --> 01:19:19.166
So space is a nice to have,
and that's like a nice
1729
01:19:19.166 --> 01:19:23.500
to have 12 million miles away
from the more immediate
nice to haves, right?
1730
01:19:25.000 --> 01:19:26.867
I'm focused on the must haves,
1731
01:19:26.867 --> 01:19:29.166
and our work is to make
equitable structures.
1732
01:19:29.166 --> 01:19:31.467
It is to make a structure
that doesn't rely
1733
01:19:31.467 --> 01:19:33.266
on a billionaire
to make a decision
1734
01:19:33.266 --> 01:19:37.166
that doesn't rely
on the police
to be good people today.
1735
01:19:37.166 --> 01:19:42.166
[Roland] There have been
so many criticisms of NASA
and space
1736
01:19:42.166 --> 01:19:45.367
and this whole idea
that it's a waste of money.
1737
01:19:46.400 --> 01:19:49.667
That actually, to me,
hurts the next generation.
1738
01:19:49.667 --> 01:19:53.642
America can gain
something significant
1739
01:19:53.642 --> 01:19:53.767
America can gain
something significant
1740
01:19:53.767 --> 01:19:59.767
if we recapture this love
of space exploration.
1741
01:20:02.667 --> 01:20:05.000
[Elon] We want to have things
that make us look forward
to the future,
1742
01:20:05.066 --> 01:20:07.834
that, you know,
make us excited to get
out of bed in the morning,
1743
01:20:07.834 --> 01:20:09.867
you know, that are inspiring.
1744
01:20:09.867 --> 01:20:13.000
We have so many problems
that need to be solved.
1745
01:20:13.000 --> 01:20:16.667
But at the same time,
exploration lends
1746
01:20:16.667 --> 01:20:20.667
technological advances
for humankind.
1747
01:20:20.667 --> 01:20:23.642
We've got to strive
for great things in the future
1748
01:20:23.642 --> 01:20:23.667
We've got to strive
for great things in the future
1749
01:20:23.734 --> 01:20:25.867
and look forward
to exciting developments,
1750
01:20:25.867 --> 01:20:28.600
and, you know, space
is one of those things.
1751
01:20:33.934 --> 01:20:36.867
[Jeffrey] Where NASA will have
its biggest influence
1752
01:20:36.867 --> 01:20:42.600
will continue to be in deep
space exploration,
the Moon and Mars.
1753
01:20:42.667 --> 01:20:44.867
[narrator]
As the private sector
continues to make
1754
01:20:44.934 --> 01:20:48.100
technological leaps,
NASA's focus has shifted
1755
01:20:48.100 --> 01:20:52.767
to a new mission,
to get the next generation
of astronauts to the Moon,
1756
01:20:52.767 --> 01:20:53.642
Mars, and beyond, starting
with the Artemis program.
1757
01:20:53.642 --> 01:20:57.467
Mars, and beyond, starting
with the Artemis program.
1758
01:20:57.467 --> 01:20:58.967
[Pam] The Artemis program
is our program
1759
01:20:58.967 --> 01:21:03.367
to send the first woman
1760
01:21:03.367 --> 01:21:05.467
and the first person of color
1761
01:21:05.467 --> 01:21:09.734
to set foot on the Moon,
since the Apollo program.
1762
01:21:09.734 --> 01:21:12.300
My space bucket list
consists of one thing,
1763
01:21:12.367 --> 01:21:13.867
to work on the surface
of the Moon.
1764
01:21:13.867 --> 01:21:15.667
That... that's a dream.
1765
01:21:17.767 --> 01:21:22.100
For all humankind
is exactly what space is,
1766
01:21:22.166 --> 01:21:23.642
just like Earth
is for all humankind.
1767
01:21:23.642 --> 01:21:25.000
just like Earth
is for all humankind.
1768
01:21:25.066 --> 01:21:27.967
But we sliced it up in little
ownership parcels, right?
1769
01:21:27.967 --> 01:21:29.567
We can't do that with space.
1770
01:21:29.567 --> 01:21:32.667
[DeRay] I'm hopeful
that topics like
who deserves to be in space,
1771
01:21:32.734 --> 01:21:35.300
that more and more people
who would never thought
1772
01:21:35.367 --> 01:21:39.000
that they could even have
a comment on those things can,
right?
1773
01:21:39.066 --> 01:21:41.166
That people understand
that all of this stuff
1774
01:21:41.166 --> 01:21:44.667
is the decisions of people
and that because people
made it,
1775
01:21:44.667 --> 01:21:46.100
people can make it
differently.
1776
01:21:46.100 --> 01:21:50.600
And we say unapologetically
that Black Lives Matter.
1777
01:21:50.667 --> 01:21:52.100
[protesters]
Black Lives Matter!
1778
01:21:52.166 --> 01:21:53.642
We are powerful,
1779
01:21:53.642 --> 01:21:55.100
We are powerful,
1780
01:21:55.100 --> 01:21:59.400
we are useful,
we are invaluable,
1781
01:21:59.467 --> 01:22:01.500
and we can do
anything together.
1782
01:22:01.567 --> 01:22:04.567
That feeling,
that belief, that spirit,
1783
01:22:04.567 --> 01:22:08.934
I was so grateful to see that
rising back up,
like in the '60s.
1784
01:22:08.934 --> 01:22:12.266
Now, thanks to the spirit
of equality in the air,
1785
01:22:12.266 --> 01:22:15.834
I no longer accept
that my group is second class.
1786
01:22:15.834 --> 01:22:18.266
[Gloria] Many people may feel
that a movement
1787
01:22:18.266 --> 01:22:21.667
is a big cohesive thing
that excludes them.
1788
01:22:21.667 --> 01:22:22.834
Not true.
1789
01:22:22.834 --> 01:22:23.642
As the great Florynce Kennedy
used to say,
1790
01:22:23.642 --> 01:22:25.367
As the great Florynce Kennedy
used to say,
1791
01:22:25.367 --> 01:22:28.300
a movement is anybody
who's off their ass.
1792
01:22:28.367 --> 01:22:29.667
Right?
1793
01:22:29.667 --> 01:22:35.100
Three hundred
and seventy marches
and on six continents.
1794
01:22:35.166 --> 01:22:38.834
I hope we can make movements
part of our lives
1795
01:22:38.834 --> 01:22:43.000
and part of knowing that
because we were alive,
1796
01:22:43.066 --> 01:22:45.400
the world is a little bit
better than
it would have been.
1797
01:22:46.867 --> 01:22:49.066
I always want kids
to look at me,
1798
01:22:49.066 --> 01:22:50.567
especially kids of color,
and say,
1799
01:22:50.567 --> 01:22:53.642
"Hey, if she did it,
I can do it."
1800
01:22:53.642 --> 01:22:53.934
"Hey, if she did it,
I can do it."
1801
01:22:53.934 --> 01:22:55.734
That's hope.
1802
01:22:55.734 --> 01:23:00.066
To have a young kid
see a rocket ship
leave the planet
1803
01:23:00.066 --> 01:23:04.000
and know that there's somebody
on that rocket ship
that looks like them.
1804
01:23:06.367 --> 01:23:10.934
I personally would like to see
more Victor Glovers.
1805
01:23:11.000 --> 01:23:13.467
Now there's more
of a pipeline.
1806
01:23:13.467 --> 01:23:17.000
We've got STEM education
for diverse people,
1807
01:23:17.000 --> 01:23:21.000
but we have to keep our foot
on the gas of making sure
1808
01:23:21.066 --> 01:23:22.767
that all kids have access
1809
01:23:22.767 --> 01:23:23.642
to this pipeline to help
get more Victor Glovers.
1810
01:23:23.642 --> 01:23:26.667
to this pipeline to help
get more Victor Glovers.
1811
01:23:26.734 --> 01:23:28.166
Now my hope
for the space program
1812
01:23:28.166 --> 01:23:30.734
in the far future is that
we continue to make things
1813
01:23:30.734 --> 01:23:34.166
better for all humankind,
all humankind.
1814
01:23:34.166 --> 01:23:35.567
[man] We welcome you back
to planet Earth
1815
01:23:35.567 --> 01:23:37.767
and thanks for flying SpaceX.
1816
01:23:37.834 --> 01:23:40.867
[Victor] I hope we have
a sustainable presence
on the Moon.
1817
01:23:40.934 --> 01:23:42.567
I hope we get to Mars.
1818
01:23:42.567 --> 01:23:45.867
I hope we continue
to push the bounds
1819
01:23:45.934 --> 01:23:47.100
and live out that vision.
1820
01:23:47.166 --> 01:23:48.767
I love NASA's vision.
1821
01:23:48.767 --> 01:23:52.266
To reach for new heights
and reveal the unknown
for the benefit of humankind.
1822
01:23:52.266 --> 01:23:53.642
I hope that we continue
to do that in a way
1823
01:23:53.642 --> 01:23:54.300
I hope that we continue
to do that in a way
1824
01:23:54.367 --> 01:23:56.467
that resonates
with all of humanity.